Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Portage la Prairie, City (CY)More information: Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,270^E
Population, 2016¹	13,304
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.3^E
Total private dwellings²	6,109
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,644
Population density per square kilometre	536.8
Land area in square kilometres	24.72
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,270
0 to 14 years	2,475
0 to 4 years	770
5 to 9 years	890
10 to 14 years	820
15 to 64 years	8,130
15 to 19 years	795
20 to 24 years	810
25 to 29 years	795
30 to 34 years	925
35 to 39 years	815
40 to 44 years	715
45 to 49 years	700
50 to 54 years	755
55 to 59 years	900
60 to 64 years	925
65 years and over	2,665
65 to 69 years	770
70 to 74 years	650
75 to 79 years	490
80 to 84 years	350
85 years and over	410
85 to 89 years	225
90 to 94 years	140
95 to 99 years	40
100 years and over	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.7
15 to 64 years	61.3
65 years and over	20.1
85 years and over	3.1
Average age of the population	41.3
Median age of the population	40.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,640
Single-detached house	3,970
Semi-detached house	145
Row house	345
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	800
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	260
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	85
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,645
1 person	2,000
2 persons	1,850
3 persons	715
4 persons	640
5 or more persons	425
Number of persons in private households	12,830
Average household size	2.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,795
Married or living common-law	5,530
Married	4,560
Living common-law	970
Living common law - Never married	725
Living common law - Separated	55
Living common law - Divorced	170
Living common law - Widowed	20
Not married and not living common-law	5,260
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,490
Not married and not living common law - Separated	275
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	720
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	780
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,510
2 persons	1,915
3 persons	690
4 persons	585
5 or more persons	315
Average size of census families	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,510
Total couple families	2,670
Married couples	2,185
With children⁶	995
Without children	1,190
Common-law couples	485
With children⁶	225
Without children	260
Total one-parent families	845
in which the parent is a woman+	680
in which the parent is a man+	160
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,830
Total - Persons in census families	9,980
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,340
Parents in one-parent families	840
Children⁶	3,795
In a two-parent family	2,310
In a one-parent family	1,490
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,855
Living alone	2,005
Living with other relatives⁷	375
Living with non-relatives only	480
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,645
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,100
Couple-family households	2,455
With children⁶	1,110
Without children	1,345
One-parent-family households	645
Multigenerational households⁸	125
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	220
One-person households	2,000
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,075
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,075
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,865
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,940
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,295
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,345
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,085
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,085
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,950
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,940
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,260
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,170
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,000
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,940
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,295
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,330
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,495
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,720
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,355
Without total income	285
With total income	10,070
Under $10,000 (including loss)	775
$10,000 to $19,999	1,150
$20,000 to $29,999	1,705
$30,000 to $39,999	1,465
$40,000 to $49,999	1,250
$50,000 to $59,999	1,090
$60,000 to $69,999	795
$70,000 to $79,999	520
$80,000 to $89,999	415
$90,000 to $99,999	295
$100,000 and over	605
$100,000 to $149,999	455
$150,000 and over	145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,355
Without after-tax income	280
With after-tax income	10,075
Under $10,000 (including loss)	815
$10,000 to $19,999	1,260
$20,000 to $29,999	2,030
$30,000 to $39,999	1,710
$40,000 to $49,999	1,495
$50,000 to $59,999	1,090
$60,000 to $69,999	655
$70,000 to $79,999	435
$80,000 to $89,999	230
$90,000 to $99,999	125
$100,000 and over	235
$100,000 to $124,999	115
$125,000 and over	115
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,355
Without employment income	3,415
With employment income	6,945
Under $5,000 (including loss)	790
$5,000 to $9,999	500
$10,000 to $19,999	935
$20,000 to $29,999	750
$30,000 to $39,999	805
$40,000 to $49,999	740
$50,000 to $59,999	650
$60,000 to $69,999	470
$70,000 to $79,999	360
$80,000 to $89,999	280
$90,000 to $99,999	250
$100,000 and over	420
$100,000 to $124,999	240
$125,000 and over	180
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,845
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,845
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,770
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,980
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,615
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	795
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,830
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,830
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,835
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,975
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,670
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,410
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	780
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,540
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,500
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,500
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0
Employment income (%)	68.4
Government transfers (%)	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,645
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,000
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,640
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,645
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,800
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,900
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,000
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,800
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,520
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,645
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,100
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,200
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,645
Under $5,000	55
$5,000 to $9,999	50
$10,000 to $14,999	115
$15,000 to $19,999	100
$20,000 to $24,999	290
$25,000 to $29,999	255
$30,000 to $34,999	215
$35,000 to $39,999	275
$40,000 to $44,999	275
$45,000 to $49,999	255
$50,000 to $59,999	490
$60,000 to $69,999	490
$70,000 to $79,999	400
$80,000 to $89,999	365
$90,000 to $99,999	345
$100,000 and over	1,670
$100,000 to $124,999	620
$125,000 to $149,999	355
$150,000 to $199,999	415
$200,000 and over	270
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,645
Under $5,000	70
$5,000 to $9,999	50
$10,000 to $14,999	120
$15,000 to $19,999	110
$20,000 to $24,999	320
$25,000 to $29,999	300
$30,000 to $34,999	290
$35,000 to $39,999	295
$40,000 to $44,999	335
$45,000 to $49,999	320
$50,000 to $59,999	580
$60,000 to $69,999	520
$70,000 to $79,999	465
$80,000 to $89,999	410
$90,000 to $99,999	330
$100,000 and over	1,135
$100,000 to $124,999	480
$125,000 to $149,999	305
$150,000 and over	350
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,495
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500
Average family size of economic families	3.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,360
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,235
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	780
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.0
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,485
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,505
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,100
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,360
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,300
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,900
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,230
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	785
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,800
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,300
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,480
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,830
0 to 17 years	2,945
0 to 5 years	935
18 to 64 years	7,475
65 years and over	2,410
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,975
0 to 17 years	645
0 to 5 years	230
18 to 64 years	950
65 years and over	385
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	21.8
0 to 5 years (%)	24.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7
65 years and over (%)	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,830
0 to 17 years	2,945
0 to 5 years	930
18 to 64 years	7,475
65 years and over	2,410
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	540
0 to 17 years	115
0 to 5 years	40
18 to 64 years	390
65 years and over	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,830
In bottom half of the distribution	7,970
In bottom decile	1,720
In second decile	1,735
In third decile	1,625
In fourth decile	1,490
In fifth decile	1,405
In top half of the distribution	4,865
In sixth decile	1,275
In seventh decile	1,185
In eighth decile	1,005
In ninth decile	830
In top decile	575
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,830
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.312
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.448
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,875
English only	12,090
French only	5
English and French	700
Neither English nor French	75
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,875
English	12,640
French	155
English and French	10
Neither English nor French	65
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,875
Single responses	12,560
Official languages	11,065
English	10,875
French	185
Non-official languages	1,495
Indigenous languages³⁹	145
Algonquian languages	140
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	15
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	15
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	130
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	5
Ojibway languages	125
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	15
Ojibway, n.o.s.	110
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	5
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	5
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,350
Afro-Asiatic languages	25
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	5
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	20
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	310
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	5
Ilocano	5
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	90
Kannada	0
Malayalam	80
Tamil	15
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	820
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	110
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	25
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	250
Frisian	0
High German languages	165
German	170
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	15
Low German, n.o.s.	10
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	5
Icelandic	5
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	325
Indo-Aryan languages	305
Assamese	0
Bengali	25
Gujarati	80
Hindi	35
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	5
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	15
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	10
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	20
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	15
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40
Chinese languages	40
Hakka	0
Mandarin	25
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20
Lao	15
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	310
English and French	60
English and non-official language(s)	225
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,875
English	11,315
French	20
Non-official language	350
Indigenous³⁹	10
Non-Indigenous	340
English and French	135
English and non-official language(s)	995
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20
Multiple non-official languages	35
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,875
Single responses	12,625
Official languages	11,810
English	11,780
French	30
Non-official languages	815
Indigenous languages³⁹	25
Algonquian languages	25
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	30
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	5
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	790
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	5
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	230
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	5
Ilocano	10
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	80
Kannada	0
Malayalam	70
Tamil	5
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	410
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	25
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	35
Frisian	0
High German languages	30
German	30
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	260
Indo-Aryan languages	250
Assamese	0
Bengali	20
Gujarati	65
Hindi	15
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	10
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	10
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10
Lao	10
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	250
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	230
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,870
None	11,890
English	360
French	120
Non-official language	365
Indigenous³⁹	70
Non-Indigenous	295
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	85
French and non-official language(s)	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	40
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,835
Official languages	12,795
English	12,795
French	700
Non-official languages	1,825
Indigenous languages³⁹	185
Algonquian languages	180
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	10
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	10
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	170
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	20
Ojibway languages	150
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	20
Ojibway, n.o.s.	145
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,645
Afro-Asiatic languages	70
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	60
Amharic	0
Arabic	10
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	25
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	360
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10
Cebuano	25
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	20
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	355
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	105
Kannada	0
Malayalam	105
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,035
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	165
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	165
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	30
Russian	55
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	295
Frisian	0
High German languages	155
German	150
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	135
Afrikaans	20
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	90
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	440
Indo-Aryan languages	435
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	115
Hindi	290
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	50
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	65
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	45
American Sign Language	45
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,835
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,735
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,650
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,820
Métis	1,825
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	70
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10
Non-Indigenous identity	9,095
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,835
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,670
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,160
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,645
Owner	3,670
Renter	1,970
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,645
Condominium	285
Not condominium	5,355
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,645
No bedrooms	95
1 bedroom	700
2 bedrooms	1,470
3 bedrooms	1,940
4 or more bedrooms	1,435
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,645
1 to 4 rooms	1,495
5 rooms	795
6 rooms	860
7 rooms	710
8 or more rooms	1,785
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,645
One person or fewer per room	5,520
More than one person per room	125
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,645
Suitable	5,380
Not suitable	265
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,645
1960 or before	1,915
1961 to 1980	1,985
1981 to 1990	660
1991 to 2000	385
2001 to 2005	130
2006 to 2010	180
2011 to 2015	160
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	225
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,645
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,235
Major repairs needed	410
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,645
One-maintainer household	3,305
Two-maintainer household	2,180
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,645
15 to 24 years	235
25 to 34 years	880
35 to 44 years	870
45 to 54 years	910
55 to 64 years	1,040
65 to 74 years	910
75 to 84 years	505
85 years and over	295
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,635
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,680
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	955
30% to less than 100%	875
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,645
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,505
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	855
Not suitable only	210
Major repairs needed only	325
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,135
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,550
In core need	440
Not in core need	5,110
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,675
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.1
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.7
% in core housing need⁶³	3.0
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	995
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	226,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	243,800
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,975
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.5
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.2
% in core housing need⁶³	16.9
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	886
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,830
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,020
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,960
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,320
Métis single ancestry	640
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,850
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,800
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	790
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,000
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,955
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,830
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	12,000
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,850
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,155
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	830
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,830
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,420
Immigrants⁸¹	1,190
Before 1980	160
1980 to 1990	65
1991 to 2000	45
2001 to 2010	190
2011 to 2021⁸²	730
2011 to 2015	235
2016 to 2021	495
Non-permanent residents⁸³	225
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,185
Under 5 years	125
5 to 14 years	220
15 to 24 years	220
25 to 44 years	520
45 years and over	105
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,185
Americas	160
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	20
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	15
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	55
Other places of birth in Americas	60
Europe	250
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	35
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	10
Poland	20
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	25
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	25
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85
Other places of birth in Europe	20
Africa	120
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	70
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	25
Other places of birth in Africa	15
Asia	660
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	360
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	230
Pakistan	40
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	490
Americas	25
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15
Europe	20
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	70
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	45
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	15
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	380
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	175
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	200
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,835
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,510
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,310
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,010
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,030
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	815
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	340
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	470
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	180
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,030
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	170
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	735
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,835
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,330
South Asian	575
Chinese	20
Black	190
Filipino	390
Arab	0
Latin American	70
Southeast Asian	35
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15
Multiple visible minorities	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,495
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,830
Canadian	1,145
English	3,205
Irish	2,080
Scottish	2,995
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,180
German	1,755
Chinese	15
Italian	120
Indian (India)	305
Ukrainian	1,245
Dutch	420
Polish	615
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	255
Filipino	350
French Canadian	100
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	225
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	760
Métis	1,755
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	170
Russian	395
Norwegian	235
Welsh	225
Portuguese	20
American	60
Spanish	125
Swedish	185
Hungarian	70
Acadian	30
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20
Jewish	25
Punjabi	95
Vietnamese	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	10
Jamaican	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	50
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	280
Korean	20
Romanian	35
Lebanese	25
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25
Danish	125
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	275
Sikh	20
Austrian	140
Belgian	220
Haitian	0
Hindu	110
Mexican	55
Mennonite	280
Swiss	25
Finnish	45
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	20
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	45
Muslim	30
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	395
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	35
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	615
Newfoundlander	15
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	20
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	20
Armenian	0
Slovak	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	15
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	15
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	25
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	15
Ilocano	35
Northern Irish	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	10
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	35
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	30
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	10
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	40
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	110
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	40
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	45
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	30
Grenadian	25
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	10
Cherokee	15
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	30
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,835
Buddhist	0
Christian	6,760
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,630
Anabaptist	130
Anglican	435
Baptist	165
Catholic	1,780
Christian Orthodox	105
Jehovah's Witness	85
Latter Day Saints	15
Lutheran	205
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	210
Presbyterian	175
Reformed	0
United Church	1,220
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	565
Hindu	215
Jewish	0
Muslim	80
Sikh	155
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	85
Other religions and spiritual traditions	100
No religion and secular perspectives	5,425
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,690
Non-movers	10,630
Movers	2,060
Non-migrants	1,220
Migrants	835
Internal migrants	785
Intraprovincial migrants	545
Interprovincial migrants	240
External migrants	55
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,065
Non-movers	6,820
Movers	5,245
Non-migrants	2,250
Migrants	2,990
Internal migrants	2,485
Intraprovincial migrants	1,995
Interprovincial migrants	485
External migrants	505
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,360
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,575
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,780
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,395
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,055
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,340
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,265
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,830
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	835
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	440
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	395
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,635
Bachelor's degree	1,230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30
Master's degree	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,400
No certificate, diploma or degree	885
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,405
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	570
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	325
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	250
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,290
Bachelor's degree	975
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	185
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,355
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,525
Education	475
13. Education	475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	75
Humanities	215
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	35
54. History	35
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	345
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85
22. Legal professions and studies	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	65
45. Social sciences	85
Business, management and public administration	885
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	795
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	865
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	255
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	230
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235
48. Precision production	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	0
Health and related fields	1,210
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,160
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	370
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	225
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	55
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,990
Education	280
13. Education	280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65
Humanities	175
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	25
54. History	40
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65
22. Legal professions and studies	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	50
45. Social sciences	70
Business, management and public administration	645
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	585
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	145
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145
48. Precision production	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105
03. Natural resources and conservation	0
Health and related fields	825
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	775
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	45
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,405
Location of study inside Canada	2,775
Same as province or territory of residence	2,280
Different than province or territory of residence	490
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	635
Americas	120
United States of America	105
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10
Europe	85
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	10
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	20
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	40
Nigeria	30
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	365
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	170
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	165
Pakistan	25
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	20
Australia	15
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,360
In the labour force	6,440
Employed	5,990
Unemployed	450
Not in the labour force	3,915
Participation rate	62.2
Employment rate	57.8
Unemployment rate	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,355
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,930
Worked	6,425
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,585
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,835
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,445
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,335
Employee	5,760
Permanent position	4,900
Temporary position	860
Fixed term (1 year or more)	270
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	590
Self-employed¹⁹²	580
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,445
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,335
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	765
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	175
3 Health occupations	745
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	985
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80
6 Sales and service occupations	1,765
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,130
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	450
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,445
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All industries¹⁹¹	6,335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	220
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10
22 Utilities	45
23 Construction	375
31-33 Manufacturing	715
41 Wholesale trade	100
44-45 Retail trade	760
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285
51 Information and cultural industries	35
52 Finance and insurance	175
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	310
61 Educational services	515
62 Health care and social assistance	1,305
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60
72 Accommodation and food services	475
81 Other services (except public administration)	245
91 Public administration	490
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,870
English	6,725
French	10
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	55
English and non-official language(s)	65
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,870
Single responses	6,820
Official languages	6,805
English	6,785
French	30
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	55
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	40
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,870
None	6,795
English	15
French	25
Non-official language	35
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	35
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,990
Worked at home	365
Worked outside Canada	20
No fixed workplace address	660
Usual place of work	4,950
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,950
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	980
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	520
Commute to a different province or territory	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,610
Car, truck or van	5,040
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,525
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	515
Public transit	20
Walked	415
Bicycle	75
Other method	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,610
Less than 15 minutes	4,115
15 to 29 minutes	890
30 to 44 minutes	230
45 to 59 minutes	145
60 minutes and over	230
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,610
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	235
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	960
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,775
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,350
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	475
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	820
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,000
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	170
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,830
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,170
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,035

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^E
use with caution. Refer to the 2021 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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