Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Macdonald, Rural municipality (RM)More information: Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,120	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,162	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	13.4	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,815	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,743	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,156.11	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,120	4,075	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,700	835	865	20.9	20.5	21.4
0 to 4 years	495	255	240	6.1	6.3	5.9
5 to 9 years	585	295	290	7.2	7.2	7.2
10 to 14 years	620	285	340	7.6	7.0	8.4
15 to 64 years	5,385	2,705	2,685	66.3	66.4	66.5
15 to 19 years	565	280	290	7.0	6.9	7.2
20 to 24 years	445	250	195	5.5	6.1	4.8
25 to 29 years	340	180	155	4.2	4.4	3.8
30 to 34 years	490	240	250	6.0	5.9	6.2
35 to 39 years	565	260	300	7.0	6.4	7.4
40 to 44 years	600	310	290	7.4	7.6	7.2
45 to 49 years	610	300	310	7.5	7.4	7.7
50 to 54 years	575	285	290	7.1	7.0	7.2
55 to 59 years	655	340	320	8.1	8.3	7.9
60 to 64 years	545	270	270	6.7	6.6	6.7
65 years and over	1,025	535	495	12.6	13.1	12.3
65 to 69 years	405	200	205	5.0	4.9	5.1
70 to 74 years	320	175	150	3.9	4.3	3.7
75 to 79 years	180	95	85	2.2	2.3	2.1
80 to 84 years	80	45	35	1.0	1.1	0.9
85 years and over	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
85 to 89 years	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.9	20.5	21.4	20.9	20.5	21.4
15 to 64 years	66.3	66.4	66.5	66.3	66.4	66.5
65 years and over	12.6	13.1	12.3	12.6	13.1	12.3
85 years and over	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Average age of the population	38.3	38.4	38.1	38.3	38.4	38.1
Median age of the population	39.6	40.0	39.2	39.6	40.0	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,490	...	...	90.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
Row house	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	55	...	...	2.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	135	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	320	...	...	11.7	...	...
2 persons	1,035	...	...	37.7	...	...
3 persons	470	...	...	17.1	...	...
4 persons	595	...	...	21.7	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...	11.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,420	3,245	3,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,595	2,295	2,300	71.6	70.7	72.3
Married	4,045	2,015	2,025	63.0	62.1	63.7
Living common-law	550	275	275	8.6	8.5	8.6
Living common law - Never married	355	175	180	5.5	5.4	5.7
Living common law - Separated	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	155	85	70	2.4	2.6	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	1,820	945	875	28.3	29.1	27.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,410	780	635	22.0	24.0	20.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	90	45	45	1.4	1.4	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	170	75	100	2.6	2.3	3.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	150	45	100	2.3	1.4	3.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,085	...	...	44.6	...	...
3 persons	480	...	...	19.7	...	...
4 persons	585	...	...	24.0	...	...
5 or more persons	280	...	...	11.5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,255	...	...	92.8	...	...
Married couples	1,975	...	...	81.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,145	...	...	47.1	...	...
Without children	830	...	...	34.2	...	...
Common-law couples	275	...	...	11.3	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...	5.1	...	...
Without children	155	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	180	...	...	7.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	125	...	...	5.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,430	3,730	3,705	94.0	93.5	94.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,505	2,255	2,255	57.0	56.5	57.6
Parents in one-parent families	180	60	120	2.3	1.5	3.1
Children⁶	2,745	1,420	1,325	34.7	35.6	33.8
In a two-parent family	2,460	1,265	1,195	31.1	31.7	30.5
In a one-parent family	285	150	130	3.6	3.8	3.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	475	265	215	6.0	6.6	5.5
Living alone	320	185	140	4.0	4.6	3.6
Living with other relatives⁷	95	45	50	1.2	1.1	1.3
Living with non-relatives only	65	35	25	0.8	0.9	0.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,285	...	...	83.4	...	...
Couple-family households	2,135	...	...	77.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,200	...	...	43.8	...	...
Without children	940	...	...	34.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	145	...	...	5.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...	1.1	...	...
One-person households	325	...	...	11.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,280	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,110	3,110	2,995	97.3	97.6	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,200	67,000	45,600	55,200	67,000	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,115	3,115	3,000	97.4	97.8	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	54,800	38,800	46,400	54,800	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,885	3,025	2,860	93.7	95.0	92.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	62,800	38,400	50,400	62,800	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,990	2,630	2,365	79.5	82.6	76.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	65,500	41,200	52,000	65,500	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,090	2,550	2,535	81.1	80.1	81.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,560	1,660	6,750	4,560	1,660	6,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	195	305	8.0	6.1	9.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	4,760	5,600	5,200	4,760	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,085	450	640	17.3	14.1	20.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,550	6,000	8,000	6,550	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,285	3,190	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,140	3,125	3,015	97.7	98.0	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	69,200	81,000	56,950	69,200	81,000	56,950
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,140	3,125	3,015	97.7	98.0	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	61,500	44,560	53,200	61,500	44,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,950	3,055	2,890	94.7	95.8	93.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,700	77,300	51,500	64,700	77,300	51,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,990	2,615	2,375	79.4	82.0	76.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,500	77,800	49,880	64,500	77,800	49,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,165	2,570	2,590	82.2	80.6	83.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,760	6,670	8,830	7,760	6,670	8,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	525	220	305	8.4	6.9	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,920	5,800	7,750	6,920	5,800	7,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,185	465	720	18.9	14.6	23.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,120	8,480	7,900	8,120	8,480	7,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,285	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,780	1,640	1,140	44.2	51.5	36.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	88,000	70,000	80,000	88,000	70,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,100	104,000	75,000	92,100	104,000	75,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,820	775	1,045	29.0	24.3	33.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	21,600	17,600	19,000	21,600	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,680	35,400	27,100	30,680	35,400	27,100
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.6	93.2	86.6	90.6	93.2	86.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.6	80.2	69.0	75.6	80.2	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.4	6.8	13.3	9.4	6.8	13.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.5	1.4	0.9	0.5	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.8	1.8	4.1	2.8	1.8	4.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.3	1.6	3.3	2.3	1.6	3.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,280	3,190	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	170	75	95	2.7	2.4	3.1
With total income	6,110	3,115	2,995	97.3	97.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	485	195	285	7.9	6.3	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	520	205	315	8.5	6.6	10.5
$20,000 to $29,999	610	245	365	10.0	7.9	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	575	230	340	9.4	7.4	11.4
$40,000 to $49,999	600	245	355	9.8	7.9	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	505	250	250	8.3	8.0	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	500	265	235	8.2	8.5	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	455	250	205	7.4	8.0	6.8
$80,000 to $89,999	375	210	165	6.1	6.7	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	325	175	150	5.3	5.6	5.0
$100,000 and over	1,165	835	330	19.1	26.8	11.0
$100,000 to $149,999	780	530	245	12.8	17.0	8.2
$150,000 and over	385	300	80	6.3	9.6	2.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,280	3,190	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	165	70	100	2.6	2.2	3.2
With after-tax income	6,110	3,115	3,000	97.3	97.6	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	525	215	310	8.6	6.9	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	585	225	360	9.6	7.2	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	730	295	440	11.9	9.5	14.7
$30,000 to $39,999	755	305	450	12.4	9.8	15.0
$40,000 to $49,999	700	340	355	11.5	10.9	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	670	355	315	11.0	11.4	10.5
$60,000 to $69,999	580	335	250	9.5	10.8	8.3
$70,000 to $79,999	470	270	200	7.7	8.7	6.7
$80,000 to $89,999	330	205	125	5.4	6.6	4.2
$90,000 to $99,999	245	170	75	4.0	5.5	2.5
$100,000 and over	515	395	120	8.4	12.7	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	265	190	75	4.3	6.1	2.5
$125,000 and over	255	210	45	4.2	6.7	1.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,280	3,190	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,295	560	735	20.6	17.6	23.7
With employment income	4,990	2,625	2,360	79.5	82.3	76.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	505	230	270	10.1	8.8	11.4
$5,000 to $9,999	325	140	180	6.5	5.3	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	460	195	270	9.2	7.4	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	405	175	230	8.1	6.7	9.7
$30,000 to $39,999	345	145	195	6.9	5.5	8.3
$40,000 to $49,999	375	165	215	7.5	6.3	9.1
$50,000 to $59,999	360	160	200	7.2	6.1	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	340	180	160	6.8	6.9	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	330	185	145	6.6	7.0	6.1
$80,000 to $89,999	305	175	130	6.1	6.7	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	275	150	125	5.5	5.7	5.3
$100,000 and over	965	725	240	19.3	27.6	10.2
$100,000 to $124,999	445	310	135	8.9	11.8	5.7
$125,000 and over	515	415	100	10.3	15.8	4.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,280	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,940	3,040	2,905	94.6	95.4	93.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,400	66,000	44,400	54,400	66,000	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,945	3,040	2,905	94.7	95.4	93.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,000	38,000	45,200	54,000	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,745	2,960	2,785	91.5	92.9	90.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	63,600	40,000	50,800	63,600	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,985	2,625	2,355	79.4	82.4	76.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	64,500	41,200	52,000	64,500	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,725	2,415	2,310	75.2	75.8	74.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,440	675	3,600	1,440	675	3,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	405	165	245	6.4	5.2	7.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	6,120	6,800	6,240	6,120	6,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,285	3,190	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,990	3,040	2,945	95.3	95.3	95.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,900	81,800	53,500	67,900	81,800	53,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,990	3,040	2,950	95.3	95.3	95.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,500	61,750	42,920	52,500	61,750	42,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,820	3,000	2,820	92.6	94.0	91.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,300	79,200	50,600	65,300	79,200	50,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,035	2,655	2,380	80.1	83.2	76.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,900	78,200	50,000	64,900	78,200	50,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,830	2,455	2,375	76.8	77.0	76.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,430	4,652	6,235	5,430	4,652	6,235
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	405	155	255	6.4	4.9	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,120	7,000	8,800	8,120	7,000	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,285	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,755	1,620	1,135	43.8	50.9	36.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,500	84,000	62,000	77,500	84,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	89,100	101,800	71,200	89,100	101,800	71,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,725	755	970	27.4	23.7	31.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	25,200	25,000	25,000	25,200	25,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,840	47,400	32,200	38,840	47,400	32,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.6	95.4	90.6	93.6	95.4	90.6
Employment income (%)	80.4	83.4	75.6	80.4	83.4	75.6
Government transfers (%)	6.5	4.6	9.4	6.5	4.6	9.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.4	0.8	0.4	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	325	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	49,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	119,100	...	...	119,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	166,600	...	...	166,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,700	...	...	127,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	1.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	1.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	1.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	4.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	4.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	130	...	...	4.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...	4.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,860	...	...	67.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	340	...	...	12.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	13.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	560	...	...	20.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	600	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	1.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	2.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	2.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	160	...	...	5.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	175	...	...	6.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	180	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	165	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,570	...	...	57.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...	18.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	14.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	680	...	...	24.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	385	220	165	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	59,200	55,200	56,000	59,200	55,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	48,400	45,600	46,800	48,400	45,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	166,400	...	...	166,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,500	...	...	127,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,800	...	...	101,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	198,400	...	...	198,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,800	...	...	152,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	360	175	185	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,400	67,000	61,600	64,400	67,000	61,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,800	53,600	50,000	51,800	53,600	50,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,905	3,990	3,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,975	975	1,005	25.0	24.4	25.6
0 to 5 years	585	300	285	7.4	7.5	7.3
18 to 64 years	4,925	2,495	2,430	62.3	62.5	62.0
65 years and over	1,010	525	485	12.8	13.2	12.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	270	130	140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	20	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	145	75	65	...	...	...
65 years and over	70	35	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.4	3.3	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	2.2	3.2	2.8	2.2	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.0	3.6	2.8	2.0	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
65 years and over (%)	7.0	6.4	7.6	7.0	6.4	7.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,975	970	1,000	25.0	24.3	25.5
0 to 5 years	580	295	285	7.3	7.4	7.3
18 to 64 years	4,920	2,490	2,430	62.2	62.4	62.1
65 years and over	1,010	525	485	12.8	13.2	12.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	85	50	30	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	50	35	20	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	10	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.1	1.3	0.8	1.1	1.3	0.8
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8	1.0	x	0.8	1.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	1.0	1.3	0.8	1.0	1.3	0.8
65 years and over (%)	1.6	2.0	1.6	1.6	2.0	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,190	1,075	1,110	27.7	26.9	28.4
In bottom decile	225	130	100	2.8	3.3	2.6
In second decile	305	140	160	3.9	3.5	4.1
In third decile	390	200	195	4.9	5.0	5.0
In fourth decile	535	255	275	6.8	6.4	7.0
In fifth decile	740	355	380	9.4	8.9	9.7
In top half of the distribution	5,715	2,915	2,805	72.3	73.1	71.6
In sixth decile	845	425	420	10.7	10.7	10.7
In seventh decile	1,095	550	545	13.9	13.8	13.9
In eighth decile	1,140	555	580	14.4	13.9	14.8
In ninth decile	1,295	675	620	16.4	16.9	15.8
In top decile	1,345	700	645	17.0	17.5	16.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,905	...	...	7,905	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.283	...	...	0.283	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.335	...	...	0.335	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.243	...	...	0.243	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,120	4,075	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,370	3,720	3,655	90.8	91.3	90.4
French only	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	725	345	380	8.9	8.5	9.4
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,120	4,075	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,810	3,935	3,880	96.2	96.6	95.9
French	280	130	155	3.4	3.2	3.8
English and French	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,120	4,075	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,960	3,990	3,970	98.0	97.9	98.1
Official languages	7,200	3,625	3,580	88.7	89.0	88.5
English	6,915	3,495	3,425	85.2	85.8	84.7
French	285	135	150	3.5	3.3	3.7
Non-official languages	760	365	395	9.4	9.0	9.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	760	365	395	9.4	9.0	9.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	675	325	350	8.3	8.0	8.7
Albanian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	60	1.5	1.5	1.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	125	60	60	1.5	1.5	1.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Russian	45	20	20	0.6	0.5	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	425	200	225	5.2	4.9	5.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	355	160	190	4.4	3.9	4.7
German	350	160	190	4.3	3.9	4.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.9
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	50	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	0.9	0.9	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hindi	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	160	90	70	2.0	2.2	1.7
English and French	75	45	25	0.9	1.1	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	65	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,120	4,075	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,280	3,690	3,595	89.7	90.6	88.9
French	75	30	45	0.9	0.7	1.1
Non-official language	235	105	130	2.9	2.6	3.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	235	105	130	2.9	2.6	3.2
English and French	120	55	60	1.5	1.3	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	375	180	195	4.6	4.4	4.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,120	4,075	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,005	4,020	3,985	98.6	98.7	98.5
Official languages	7,635	3,860	3,780	94.0	94.7	93.4
English	7,545	3,820	3,725	92.9	93.7	92.1
French	95	40	60	1.2	1.0	1.5
Non-official languages	370	160	205	4.6	3.9	5.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	160	205	4.6	3.9	5.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	340	150	195	4.2	3.7	4.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	240	100	135	3.0	2.5	3.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	220	85	130	2.7	2.1	3.2
German	220	85	130	2.7	2.1	3.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	115	60	55	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,120	4,075	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,690	3,870	3,820	94.7	95.0	94.4
English	125	55	75	1.5	1.3	1.9
French	80	40	35	1.0	1.0	0.9
Non-official language	155	75	85	1.9	1.8	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	75	80	2.0	1.8	2.0
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	7,880	3,980	3,905	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	7,880	3,980	3,905	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	725	360	360	9.2	9.0	9.2
Non-official languages	830	420	415	10.5	10.5	10.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	825	410	415	10.4	10.3	10.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	40	40	1.1	1.0	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	40	1.0	0.9	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	630	330	305	8.0	8.3	7.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	45	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Russian	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	35	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	220	125	95	2.8	3.1	2.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	165	95	70	2.1	2.4	1.8
German	160	90	70	2.0	2.3	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	40	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	45	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	85	95	2.3	2.1	2.4
Indo-Aryan languages	180	85	95	2.3	2.1	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	95	50	45	1.2	1.3	1.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	60	65	1.6	1.5	1.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	70	1.8	1.9	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	40	60	1.3	1.0	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	690	315	375	8.7	7.9	9.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	690	315	375	8.7	7.9	9.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	80	55	25	1.0	1.4	0.6
Métis	610	265	345	7.7	6.6	8.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,215	3,675	3,545	91.3	92.1	90.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	80	55	30	1.0	1.4	0.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,820	3,940	3,885	98.9	98.7	99.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,565	...	...	93.6	...	...
Renter	175	...	...	6.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	200	...	...	7.3	...	...
Not condominium	2,545	...	...	92.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	45	...	...	1.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	280	...	...	10.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,145	...	...	41.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,255	...	...	45.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	290	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 rooms	295	...	...	10.8	...	...
6 rooms	440	...	...	16.1	...	...
7 rooms	385	...	...	14.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,335	...	...	48.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,715	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,670	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	290	...	...	10.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	410	...	...	15.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	240	...	...	8.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	505	...	...	18.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	215	...	...	7.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	255	...	...	9.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	335	...	...	12.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	490	...	...	17.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,625	...	...	95.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	870	...	...	31.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,825	...	...	66.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	340	...	...	12.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	580	...	...	21.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	550	...	...	20.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	640	...	...	23.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	405	...	...	14.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	175	...	...	6.4	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,425	...	...	92.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	200	...	...	7.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	175	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	370	...	...	13.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	195	...	...	7.1	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	100	...	...	3.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,375	...	...	86.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	70	...	...	2.7	...	...
Not in core need	2,535	...	...	97.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,450	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.7	...	...	65.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,620	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,654	...	...	1,654	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	472,000	...	...	472,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	503,600	...	...	503,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	175	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.7	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,910	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	125	70	55	1.6	1.8	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	120	65	55	1.5	1.6	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50	40	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Métis single ancestry	75	25	50	0.9	0.6	1.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	575	260	315	7.3	6.5	8.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	550	245	310	7.0	6.1	7.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	75	65	1.8	1.9	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	410	165	245	5.2	4.1	6.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,205	3,660	3,545	91.1	91.7	90.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,910	3,990	3,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,735	3,915	3,820	97.8	98.1	97.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,905	955	945	24.1	23.9	24.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,830	2,955	2,870	73.7	74.1	73.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	175	75	100	2.2	1.9	2.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,910	3,990	3,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,300	3,710	3,585	92.3	93.0	91.5
Immigrants⁸¹	600	280	315	7.6	7.0	8.0
Before 1980	125	55	75	1.6	1.4	1.9
1980 to 1990	100	55	45	1.3	1.4	1.1
1991 to 2000	30	15	25	0.4	0.4	0.6
2001 to 2010	190	95	95	2.4	2.4	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	145	65	80	1.8	1.6	2.0
2011 to 2015	90	45	45	1.1	1.1	1.1
2016 to 2021	55	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	600	280	315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	70	40	35	11.7	14.3	11.1
5 to 14 years	160	70	85	26.7	25.0	27.0
15 to 24 years	115	60	55	19.2	21.4	17.5
25 to 44 years	235	105	125	39.2	37.5	39.7
45 years and over	15	0	15	2.5	0.0	4.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	600	280	315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	85	30	50	14.2	10.7	15.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	2.5	0.0	3.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	15	2.5	0.0	4.8
United States of America	30	0	25	5.0	0.0	7.9
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	2.5	5.4	0.0
Europe	190	80	110	31.7	28.6	34.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.2
Germany	40	30	15	6.7	10.7	4.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	0	15	2.5	0.0	4.8
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.2
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	2.5	0.0	3.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	20	40	9.2	7.1	12.7
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	5.0	5.4	4.8
Africa	40	25	20	6.7	8.9	6.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	20	10	15	3.3	3.6	4.8
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	285	145	135	47.5	51.8	42.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	15	3.3	0.0	4.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	80	45	35	13.3	16.1	11.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	125	65	55	20.8	23.2	17.5
Pakistan	15	10	0	2.5	3.6	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	5.0	5.4	4.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	20	35	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	20.0	50.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	40	10	30	80.0	50.0	85.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	10	30.0	0.0	28.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	665	315	350	8.4	7.9	8.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,035	525	510	13.1	13.2	13.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,205	3,150	3,055	78.5	78.9	78.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	470	230	245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	295	160	135	62.8	69.6	55.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	95	40	27.7	41.3	16.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	70	95	35.1	30.4	38.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	140	50	90	29.8	21.7	36.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	20	25	7.4	8.7	10.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	470	230	245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	35	10.6	8.7	14.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	3.2	0.0	4.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	10	20	6.4	4.3	8.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	365	190	180	77.7	82.6	73.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	665	340	325	8.4	8.5	8.3
South Asian	235	110	125	3.0	2.8	3.2
Chinese	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Black	70	35	30	0.9	0.9	0.8
Filipino	145	100	40	1.8	2.5	1.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.8
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Multiple visible minorities	85	35	50	1.1	0.9	1.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,240	3,645	3,595	91.6	91.4	91.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,905	3,990	3,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	915	455	455	11.6	11.4	11.6
English	1,985	1,060	930	25.1	26.6	23.7
Irish	1,145	595	545	14.5	14.9	13.9
Scottish	1,755	895	855	22.2	22.4	21.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,175	605	570	14.9	15.2	14.5
German	1,510	745	770	19.1	18.7	19.6
Chinese	105	55	50	1.3	1.4	1.3
Italian	185	85	105	2.3	2.1	2.7
Indian (India)	115	55	60	1.5	1.4	1.5
Ukrainian	1,325	660	665	16.8	16.5	17.0
Dutch	330	145	185	4.2	3.6	4.7
Polish	665	320	345	8.4	8.0	8.8
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	200	105	100	2.5	2.6	2.6
Filipino	165	110	60	2.1	2.8	1.5
French Canadian	150	75	75	1.9	1.9	1.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	180	60	115	2.3	1.5	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	90	45	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
Métis	510	215	295	6.5	5.4	7.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	115	35	80	1.5	0.9	2.0
Russian	465	240	225	5.9	6.0	5.7
Norwegian	210	110	100	2.7	2.8	2.6
Welsh	90	50	40	1.1	1.3	1.0
Portuguese	50	10	40	0.6	0.3	1.0
American	85	35	55	1.1	0.9	1.4
Spanish	65	30	35	0.8	0.8	0.9
Swedish	200	85	115	2.5	2.1	2.9
Hungarian	65	25	30	0.8	0.6	0.8
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Punjabi	60	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.9
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	25	40	0.8	0.6	1.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
Danish	85	10	65	1.1	0.3	1.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	80	30	50	1.0	0.8	1.3
Belgian	315	190	120	4.0	4.8	3.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Mennonite	365	220	145	4.6	5.5	3.7
Swiss	95	40	55	1.2	1.0	1.4
Finnish	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Japanese	40	10	35	0.5	0.3	0.9
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	270	130	140	3.4	3.3	3.6
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	60	30	25	0.8	0.8	0.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	45	30	15	0.6	0.8	0.4
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	50	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	85	45	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,905	3,990	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Christian	4,655	2,310	2,340	58.9	57.9	59.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	980	495	485	12.4	12.4	12.4
Anabaptist	240	130	105	3.0	3.3	2.7
Anglican	150	75	75	1.9	1.9	1.9
Baptist	75	40	40	0.9	1.0	1.0
Catholic	1,635	830	805	20.7	20.8	20.6
Christian Orthodox	70	40	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	360	180	180	4.6	4.5	4.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70	35	40	0.9	0.9	1.0
Presbyterian	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	835	365	465	10.6	9.1	11.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	180	100	80	2.3	2.5	2.0
Hindu	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	80	50	35	1.0	1.3	0.9
Sikh	115	55	65	1.5	1.4	1.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
No religion and secular perspectives	2,965	1,525	1,435	37.5	38.2	36.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,800	3,940	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,105	3,595	3,510	91.1	91.2	90.9
Movers	695	350	345	8.9	8.9	8.9
Non-migrants	215	110	100	2.8	2.8	2.6
Migrants	485	235	250	6.2	6.0	6.5
Internal migrants	465	225	240	6.0	5.7	6.2
Intraprovincial migrants	425	210	220	5.4	5.3	5.7
Interprovincial migrants	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
External migrants	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,390	3,760	3,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,890	2,560	2,335	66.2	68.1	64.2
Movers	2,500	1,195	1,300	33.8	31.8	35.8
Non-migrants	305	155	145	4.1	4.1	4.0
Migrants	2,200	1,040	1,160	29.8	27.7	31.9
Internal migrants	2,120	995	1,125	28.7	26.5	30.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,860	865	995	25.2	23.0	27.4
Interprovincial migrants	265	135	130	3.6	3.6	3.6
External migrants	75	45	35	1.0	1.2	1.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,285	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	675	400	270	10.7	12.6	8.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,605	2,790	2,820	89.2	87.6	91.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,325	2,140	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	200	130	70	4.6	6.1	3.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,125	2,010	2,120	95.4	93.9	96.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,280	3,190	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	585	335	240	9.3	10.5	7.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,870	935	940	29.8	29.3	30.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,830	1,915	1,915	61.0	60.0	61.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,960	1,105	860	31.2	34.6	27.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	425	315	105	6.8	9.9	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	120	60	60	1.9	1.9	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	305	260	40	4.9	8.2	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,240	610	630	19.7	19.1	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	175	120	4.7	5.5	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,865	810	1,055	29.7	25.4	34.1
Bachelor's degree	1,385	615	770	22.1	19.3	24.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	40	95	2.1	1.3	3.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	270	110	160	4.3	3.4	5.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	40	20	0.9	1.3	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,325	2,140	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	165	115	50	3.8	5.4	2.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,070	535	540	24.7	25.0	24.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,090	1,495	1,600	71.4	69.9	73.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,515	830	690	35.0	38.8	31.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	330	245	80	7.6	11.4	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	90	40	45	2.1	1.9	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	235	205	35	5.4	9.6	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	960	455	510	22.2	21.3	23.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	135	95	5.3	6.3	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,575	665	915	36.4	31.1	41.9
Bachelor's degree	1,170	505	665	27.1	23.6	30.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	35	75	2.5	1.6	3.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
Master's degree	240	95	145	5.5	4.4	6.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	30	10	0.9	1.4	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,280	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,455	1,270	1,180	39.1	39.9	38.1
Education	310	80	230	4.9	2.5	7.4
13. Education	310	80	230	4.9	2.5	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	10	30	0.7	0.3	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	10	30	0.7	0.3	1.0
Humanities	190	60	125	3.0	1.9	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	25	30	0.9	0.8	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	15	0.5	0.3	0.5
54. History	50	20	30	0.8	0.6	1.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	145	165	4.9	4.6	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.6	0.0	1.3
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	30	0.7	0.5	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	20	50	1.1	0.6	1.6
45. Social sciences	135	100	35	2.1	3.1	1.1
Business, management and public administration	840	365	475	13.4	11.5	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	65	1.2	0.3	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	765	355	410	12.2	11.1	13.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	75	75	2.4	2.4	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	45	1.1	0.9	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	30	30	0.9	0.9	1.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	70	50	1.9	2.2	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	70	40	1.7	2.2	1.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	805	730	75	12.8	22.9	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
14. Engineering	185	165	20	2.9	5.2	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	180	20	3.1	5.7	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	130	115	15	2.1	3.6	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	190	0	3.0	6.0	0.0
48. Precision production	75	75	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	350	240	110	5.6	7.5	3.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	320	220	105	5.1	6.9	3.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Health and related fields	535	45	485	8.5	1.4	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	10	35	0.6	0.3	1.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	480	35	445	7.6	1.1	14.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	80	95	2.8	2.5	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95	15	80	1.5	0.5	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15	1.0	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,325	2,140	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,230	645	585	28.4	30.1	26.8
Education	250	60	185	5.8	2.8	8.5
13. Education	250	60	185	5.8	2.8	8.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	0	20	0.7	0.0	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	20	0.7	0.0	0.9
Humanities	135	40	95	3.1	1.9	4.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
54. History	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	120	145	6.2	5.6	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0.3	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	25	1.0	0.7	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	20	40	1.4	0.9	1.8
45. Social sciences	110	75	35	2.5	3.5	1.6
Business, management and public administration	700	295	405	16.2	13.8	18.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	50	1.5	0.5	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	630	280	350	14.6	13.1	16.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	65	70	3.0	3.0	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	40	1.5	1.2	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	25	1.0	1.2	1.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35	2.2	2.8	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	30	2.2	2.8	1.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	615	560	65	14.2	26.2	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
14. Engineering	150	130	20	3.5	6.1	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	125	20	3.4	5.8	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	100	90	10	2.3	4.2	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140	140	0	3.2	6.5	0.0
48. Precision production	55	55	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	190	85	6.4	8.9	3.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	245	175	75	5.7	8.2	3.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
Health and related fields	460	40	420	10.6	1.9	19.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	10	30	0.9	0.5	1.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	405	25	380	9.4	1.2	17.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	60	70	3.0	2.8	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	10	65	1.6	0.5	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	45	0	1.2	2.1	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,325	2,140	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,230	645	585	28.4	30.1	26.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,095	1,495	1,600	71.6	69.9	73.2
Location of study inside Canada	2,855	1,360	1,495	66.0	63.6	68.4
Same as province or territory of residence	2,535	1,205	1,330	58.6	56.3	60.9
Different than province or territory of residence	320	155	160	7.4	7.2	7.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	240	135	105	5.5	6.3	4.8
Americas	65	40	30	1.5	1.9	1.4
United States of America	60	35	30	1.4	1.6	1.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	60	30	30	1.4	1.4	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	105	55	50	2.4	2.6	2.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	45	25	15	1.0	1.2	0.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	25	30	1.3	1.2	1.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,280	3,190	3,095	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,615	2,500	2,115	...	...	...
Employed	4,390	2,380	2,015	...	...	...
Unemployed	225	120	105	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,670	690	980	...	...	...
Participation rate	73.5	78.4	68.3	73.5	78.4	68.3
Employment rate	69.9	74.6	65.1	69.9	74.6	65.1
Unemployment rate	4.9	4.8	5.0	4.9	4.8	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,280	3,185	3,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,530	680	855	24.4	21.4	27.6
Worked	4,750	2,505	2,240	75.6	78.6	72.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,835	1,675	1,160	45.1	52.6	37.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,915	825	1,090	30.5	25.9	35.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.8	42.2	43.1	43.8	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,615	2,500	2,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,575	2,480	2,095	99.1	99.2	98.8
Employee	3,860	2,055	1,805	83.6	82.2	85.1
Permanent position	3,290	1,735	1,550	71.3	69.4	73.1
Temporary position	570	315	255	12.4	12.6	12.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	100	25	75	2.2	1.0	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	475	295	175	10.3	11.8	8.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	710	425	290	15.4	17.0	13.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,615	2,500	2,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,575	2,480	2,095	99.1	99.2	98.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	105	70	40	2.3	2.8	1.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	825	275	555	17.9	11.0	26.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	390	270	125	8.5	10.8	5.9
3 Health occupations	370	60	305	8.0	2.4	14.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	760	310	450	16.5	12.4	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	60	25	35	1.3	1.0	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	940	470	470	20.4	18.8	22.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	680	635	45	14.7	25.4	2.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	255	70	7.2	10.2	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	105	15	2.6	4.2	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,615	2,500	2,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.9
All industries¹⁹¹	4,575	2,480	2,095	99.1	99.2	98.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	340	230	115	7.4	9.2	5.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	50	40	10	1.1	1.6	0.5
23 Construction	340	295	50	7.4	11.8	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	270	220	55	5.9	8.8	2.6
41 Wholesale trade	250	200	55	5.4	8.0	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	480	280	200	10.4	11.2	9.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	145	45	4.2	5.8	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	15	1.1	1.4	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	225	105	125	4.9	4.2	5.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	335	160	180	7.3	6.4	8.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.5
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	60	70	2.8	2.4	3.3
61 Educational services	440	120	320	9.5	4.8	15.1
62 Health care and social assistance	505	70	435	10.9	2.8	20.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	85	40	2.7	3.4	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	155	60	95	3.4	2.4	4.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	110	100	4.4	4.4	4.7
91 Public administration	420	245	170	9.1	9.8	8.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,980	2,625	2,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,815	2,560	2,255	96.7	97.5	95.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English and French	135	55	80	2.7	2.1	3.4
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,980	2,625	2,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,970	2,625	2,350	99.8	100.0	99.8
Official languages	4,965	2,620	2,340	99.7	99.8	99.4
English	4,945	2,615	2,335	99.3	99.6	99.2
French	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,980	2,625	2,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,825	2,565	2,265	96.9	97.7	96.2
English	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
French	125	50	75	2.5	1.9	3.2
Non-official language	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,390	2,375	2,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	955	455	500	21.8	19.2	24.8
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	475	370	100	10.8	15.6	5.0
Usual place of work	2,950	1,540	1,410	67.2	64.8	70.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,950	1,540	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	635	340	295	21.5	22.1	20.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,290	1,175	1,115	77.6	76.3	79.1
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,430	1,915	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,225	1,820	1,400	94.0	95.0	92.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,070	1,755	1,315	89.5	91.6	86.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	155	70	85	4.5	3.7	5.6
Public transit	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Walked	135	55	80	3.9	2.9	5.3
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Other method	45	25	20	1.3	1.3	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,430	1,915	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	595	330	265	17.3	17.2	17.5
15 to 29 minutes	1,245	690	560	36.3	36.0	37.0
30 to 44 minutes	1,100	635	460	32.1	33.2	30.4
45 to 59 minutes	350	170	185	10.2	8.9	12.2
60 minutes and over	140	90	45	4.1	4.7	3.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,430	1,915	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	145	120	25	4.2	6.3	1.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	645	430	215	18.8	22.5	14.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,255	740	515	36.6	38.6	34.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	715	260	450	20.8	13.6	29.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	315	160	155	9.2	8.4	10.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	345	195	150	10.1	10.2	9.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,020	995	1,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	240	120	120	11.9	12.1	11.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,775	875	900	87.9	87.9	88.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,510	735	775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	95	90	11.9	12.9	11.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	40	40	5.0	5.4	5.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	55	50	7.0	7.5	6.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,325	645	685	87.7	87.8	88.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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