Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Thompson, City (CY)More information: Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,035
Population, 2016¹	13,678
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 4.7
Total private dwellings²	5,442
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,676
Population density per square kilometre	784.3
Land area in square kilometres	16.62
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,035
0 to 14 years	3,365
0 to 4 years	1,100
5 to 9 years	1,135
10 to 14 years	1,135
15 to 64 years	8,700
15 to 19 years	905
20 to 24 years	925
25 to 29 years	1,065
30 to 34 years	1,075
35 to 39 years	910
40 to 44 years	895
45 to 49 years	765
50 to 54 years	790
55 to 59 years	790
60 to 64 years	570
65 years and over	970
65 to 69 years	400
70 to 74 years	275
75 to 79 years	170
80 to 84 years	85
85 years and over	40
85 to 89 years	25
90 to 94 years	5
95 to 99 years	5
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.8
15 to 64 years	66.7
65 years and over	7.4
85 years and over	0.3
Average age of the population	32.9
Median age of the population	31.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,675
Single-detached house	2,300
Semi-detached house	165
Row house	440
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,180
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	435
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,675
1 person	1,165
2 persons	1,320
3 persons	835
4 persons	730
5 or more persons	625
Number of persons in private households	12,885
Average household size	2.8
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,670
Married or living common-law	5,065
Married	3,610
Living common-law	1,455
Living common law - Never married	1,210
Living common law - Separated	40
Living common law - Divorced	175
Living common law - Widowed	25
Not married and not living common-law	4,605
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,655
Not married and not living common law - Separated	260
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	360
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	325
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,345
2 persons	1,420
3 persons	835
4 persons	680
5 or more persons	410
Average size of census families	3.1
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,350
Total couple families	2,445
Married couples	1,715
With children⁶	1,050
Without children	670
Common-law couples	725
With children⁶	425
Without children	300
Total one-parent families	905
in which the parent is a woman+	690
in which the parent is a man+	215
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,880
Total - Persons in census families	10,375
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,890
Parents in one-parent families	900
Children⁶	4,580
In a two-parent family	2,850
In a one-parent family	1,735
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,510
Living alone	1,165
Living with other relatives⁷	705
Living with non-relatives only	640
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,680
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,700
Couple-family households	2,075
With children⁶	1,250
Without children	825
One-parent-family households	620
Multigenerational households⁸	190
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	300
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	300
One-person households	1,165
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,050
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,060
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,730
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,195
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,125
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	965
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,365
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,010
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,020
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,700
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,850
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,200
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,350
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,010
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	950
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,185
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,525
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,655
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,565
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	77.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,525
Without total income	475
With total income	9,050
Under $10,000 (including loss)	920
$10,000 to $19,999	900
$20,000 to $29,999	1,085
$30,000 to $39,999	980
$40,000 to $49,999	960
$50,000 to $59,999	775
$60,000 to $69,999	635
$70,000 to $79,999	450
$80,000 to $89,999	395
$90,000 to $99,999	390
$100,000 and over	1,570
$100,000 to $149,999	1,260
$150,000 and over	305
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,525
Without after-tax income	465
With after-tax income	9,065
Under $10,000 (including loss)	950
$10,000 to $19,999	965
$20,000 to $29,999	1,265
$30,000 to $39,999	1,200
$40,000 to $49,999	1,095
$50,000 to $59,999	810
$60,000 to $69,999	615
$70,000 to $79,999	640
$80,000 to $89,999	565
$90,000 to $99,999	385
$100,000 and over	570
$100,000 to $124,999	400
$125,000 and over	175
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,525
Without employment income	2,325
With employment income	7,200
Under $5,000 (including loss)	825
$5,000 to $9,999	470
$10,000 to $19,999	720
$20,000 to $29,999	690
$30,000 to $39,999	630
$40,000 to $49,999	555
$50,000 to $59,999	540
$60,000 to $69,999	390
$70,000 to $79,999	355
$80,000 to $89,999	300
$90,000 to $99,999	355
$100,000 and over	1,370
$100,000 to $124,999	755
$125,000 and over	615
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,770
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,770
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,700
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,245
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,365
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	820
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,665
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,650
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,665
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,615
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,135
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,180
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	755
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,525
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,615
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,340
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4
Employment income (%)	82.2
Government transfers (%)	10.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,675
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,165
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,510
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,680
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,400
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,600
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,165
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,000
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,510
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,100
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,500
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,675
Under $5,000	55
$5,000 to $9,999	35
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	65
$20,000 to $24,999	100
$25,000 to $29,999	110
$30,000 to $34,999	110
$35,000 to $39,999	150
$40,000 to $44,999	170
$45,000 to $49,999	180
$50,000 to $59,999	280
$60,000 to $69,999	315
$70,000 to $79,999	295
$80,000 to $89,999	275
$90,000 to $99,999	270
$100,000 and over	2,230
$100,000 to $124,999	590
$125,000 to $149,999	445
$150,000 to $199,999	630
$200,000 and over	560
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,675
Under $5,000	60
$5,000 to $9,999	35
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	80
$20,000 to $24,999	105
$25,000 to $29,999	115
$30,000 to $34,999	150
$35,000 to $39,999	185
$40,000 to $44,999	195
$45,000 to $49,999	190
$50,000 to $59,999	350
$60,000 to $69,999	390
$70,000 to $79,999	370
$80,000 to $89,999	365
$90,000 to $99,999	290
$100,000 and over	1,755
$100,000 to $124,999	635
$125,000 to $149,999	455
$150,000 and over	675
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,320
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000
Average family size of economic families	3.3
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	855
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,490
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	810
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.2
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,805
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,290
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,700
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	800
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,570
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,800
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,500
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	745
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,200
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,830
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,885
0 to 17 years	3,910
0 to 5 years	1,325
18 to 64 years	8,045
65 years and over	935
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,870
0 to 17 years	860
0 to 5 years	350
18 to 64 years	930
65 years and over	80
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0
0 to 5 years (%)	26.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5
65 years and over (%)	8.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,880
0 to 17 years	3,910
0 to 5 years	1,320
18 to 64 years	8,040
65 years and over	930
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	570
0 to 17 years	180
0 to 5 years	85
18 to 64 years	375
65 years and over	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,885
In bottom half of the distribution	6,625
In bottom decile	1,690
In second decile	1,600
In third decile	1,215
In fourth decile	1,125
In fifth decile	1,000
In top half of the distribution	6,255
In sixth decile	1,240
In seventh decile	1,155
In eighth decile	1,185
In ninth decile	1,450
In top decile	1,225
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,880
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.339
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.459
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.297
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.3
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,970
English only	12,110
French only	10
English and French	760
Neither English nor French	90
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,970
English	12,665
French	190
English and French	30
Neither English nor French	85
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,970
Single responses	12,375
Official languages	10,275
English	10,080
French	195
Non-official languages	2,100
Indigenous languages³⁹	675
Algonquian languages	605
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	590
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	590
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	195
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	30
Cree, n.o.s.	345
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	10
Ojibway languages	10
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	60
Northern Athabaskan languages	60
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	60
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	45
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	5
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	35
Amharic	0
Arabic	35
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	105
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	5
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	25
Kannada	0
Malayalam	10
Tamil	5
Telugu	5
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,130
Albanian	10
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	55
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	70
Frisian	0
High German languages	55
German	55
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	875
Indo-Aryan languages	870
Assamese	0
Bengali	25
Gujarati	320
Hindi	65
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	20
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	410
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10
Urdu	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	60
Romanian	0
Spanish	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	50
Akan (Twi)	5
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35
Chinese languages	35
Hakka	0
Mandarin	30
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	15
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	595
English and French	65
English and non-official language(s)	500
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,970
English	10,460
French	50
Non-official language	520
Indigenous³⁹	85
Non-Indigenous	435
English and French	135
English and non-official language(s)	1,700
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40
Multiple non-official languages	65
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,970
Single responses	12,530
Official languages	11,395
English	11,325
French	75
Non-official languages	1,135
Indigenous languages³⁹	180
Algonquian languages	145
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	145
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	145
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	60
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15
Cree, n.o.s.	65
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	30
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	30
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	10
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	955
Afro-Asiatic languages	35
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	30
Amharic	0
Arabic	30
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	55
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	20
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	10
Telugu	5
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	785
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	15
Frisian	0
High German languages	15
German	15
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	710
Indo-Aryan languages	700
Assamese	0
Bengali	20
Gujarati	270
Hindi	50
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	10
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	335
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	20
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	435
English and French	25
English and non-official language(s)	400
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,970
None	11,370
English	450
French	85
Non-official language	850
Indigenous³⁹	445
Non-Indigenous	405
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	105
French and non-official language(s)	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	70
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,885
Official languages	12,795
English	12,760
French	860
Non-official languages	3,205
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,160
Algonquian languages	1,025
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	1,015
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	1,015
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	480
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	40
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	55
Cree, n.o.s.	445
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	30
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	30
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	85
Northern Athabaskan languages	85
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	85
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	50
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,060
Afro-Asiatic languages	65
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	10
Hausa	10
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	50
Amharic	0
Arabic	45
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	165
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145
Waray-Waray	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10
Creole languages	25
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	25
Kannada	0
Malayalam	15
Tamil	0
Telugu	10
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,540
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	80
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	35
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	160
Frisian	0
High German languages	120
German	120
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35
Afrikaans	20
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	15
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	15
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	25
Indo-Iranian languages	1,085
Indo-Aryan languages	1,085
Assamese	0
Bengali	20
Gujarati	295
Hindi	655
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	55
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	630
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10
Urdu	50
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	80
Romanian	0
Spanish	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	135
Akan (Twi)	20
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	90
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	15
American Sign Language	15
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	70
Chinese languages	70
Hakka	0
Mandarin	70
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,885
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	5,865
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	5,745
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,830
Métis	895
Inuk (Inuit)	20
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	80
Non-Indigenous identity	7,025
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,885
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	4,585
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,295
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,675
Owner	2,495
Renter	2,180
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,675
Condominium	130
Not condominium	4,545
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,675
No bedrooms	25
1 bedroom	520
2 bedrooms	1,040
3 bedrooms	1,825
4 or more bedrooms	1,260
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,675
1 to 4 rooms	1,510
5 rooms	890
6 rooms	750
7 rooms	585
8 or more rooms	945
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,675
One person or fewer per room	4,400
More than one person per room	275
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,675
Suitable	4,155
Not suitable	520
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,675
1960 or before	520
1961 to 1980	2,920
1981 to 1990	495
1991 to 2000	390
2001 to 2005	95
2006 to 2010	135
2011 to 2015	70
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	60
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,675
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,200
Major repairs needed	475
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,675
One-maintainer household	2,570
Two-maintainer household	1,940
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,675
15 to 24 years	275
25 to 34 years	1,060
35 to 44 years	910
45 to 54 years	920
55 to 64 years	850
65 to 74 years	445
75 to 84 years	190
85 years and over	25
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,660
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,005
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	655
30% to less than 100%	560
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,675
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,430
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	500
Not suitable only	380
Major repairs needed only	340
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	80
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	55
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10
Acceptable housing	3,245
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,565
In core need	435
Not in core need	4,130
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,490
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.3
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.0
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,302
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	213,200
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,185
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.0
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.3
% in core housing need⁶³	17.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,115
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,880
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,160
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	4,075
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,800
Métis single ancestry	265
Inuit single ancestry	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,665
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,560
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,170
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	385
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,055
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,880
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,695
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,770
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,930
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,185
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,880
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,935
Immigrants⁸¹	1,730
Before 1980	150
1980 to 1990	110
1991 to 2000	80
2001 to 2010	350
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,040
2011 to 2015	450
2016 to 2021	590
Non-permanent residents⁸³	220
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,730
Under 5 years	155
5 to 14 years	255
15 to 24 years	330
25 to 44 years	845
45 years and over	145
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,730
Americas	165
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	10
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	55
Mexico	20
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	35
Other places of birth in Americas	35
Europe	275
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	40
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	0
Poland	20
Portugal	40
Romania	10
Russian Federation	20
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45
Other places of birth in Europe	45
Africa	215
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	10
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	10
Morocco	0
Nigeria	115
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Other places of birth in Africa	55
Asia	1,075
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	20
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	30
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	15
Taiwan	0
Philippines	140
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	765
Pakistan	45
Sri Lanka	20
Other places of birth in Asia	25
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	590
Americas	15
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	10
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	0
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	80
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	55
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	490
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	355
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	15
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	20
Philippines	60
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,885
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,975
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,010
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,900
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,585
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,265
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	555
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	715
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	260
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,585
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	115
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,305
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,885
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,950
South Asian	1,195
Chinese	75
Black	315
Filipino	140
Arab	35
Latin American	65
Southeast Asian	55
West Asian	0
Korean	15
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25
Multiple visible minorities	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,930
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,885
Canadian	1,225
English	1,630
Irish	1,275
Scottish	1,525
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,085
German	1,005
Chinese	90
Italian	100
Indian (India)	790
Ukrainian	965
Dutch	225
Polish	355
Québécois	45
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	210
Filipino	155
French Canadian	125
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	240
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,670
Métis	825
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	80
Russian	145
Norwegian	285
Welsh	100
Portuguese	165
American	60
Spanish	95
Swedish	130
Hungarian	105
Acadian	15
Pakistani	55
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55
Jewish	15
Punjabi	110
Vietnamese	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25
Greek	25
Jamaican	75
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,865
Korean	10
Romanian	50
Lebanese	20
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40
Danish	75
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	855
Sikh	145
Austrian	40
Belgian	85
Haitian	0
Hindu	130
Mexican	25
Mennonite	45
Swiss	15
Finnish	55
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	25
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85
Muslim	45
Egyptian	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	115
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	10
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15
Serbian	0
Ojibway	110
Newfoundlander	155
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	95
Armenian	0
Slovak	25
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	15
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25
Lithuanian	10
South African	0
Australian	25
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	50
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	90
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	15
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	145
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	10
Plains Cree	10
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	25
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	75
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	15
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,880
Buddhist	0
Christian	5,435
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	865
Anabaptist	55
Anglican	855
Baptist	70
Catholic	2,215
Christian Orthodox	35
Jehovah's Witness	60
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	95
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	75
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	255
Presbyterian	40
Reformed	10
United Church	670
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125
Hindu	655
Jewish	0
Muslim	135
Sikh	395
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	185
Other religions and spiritual traditions	70
No religion and secular perspectives	6,010
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,650
Non-movers	10,650
Movers	2,000
Non-migrants	1,295
Migrants	700
Internal migrants	655
Intraprovincial migrants	415
Interprovincial migrants	245
External migrants	45
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,790
Non-movers	6,445
Movers	5,340
Non-migrants	2,855
Migrants	2,495
Internal migrants	1,885
Intraprovincial migrants	1,385
Interprovincial migrants	505
External migrants	605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,525
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,665
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,860
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,780
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,365
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,410
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,485
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,300
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	625
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	210
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	415
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,810
Bachelor's degree	1,245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45
Master's degree	280
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,775
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,215
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,550
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	555
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	180
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,625
Bachelor's degree	1,105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45
Master's degree	260
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,410
Education	455
13. Education	455
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35
Humanities	200
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	65
45. Social sciences	75
Business, management and public administration	795
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,010
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	145
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	280
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	305
48. Precision production	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	45
Health and related fields	640
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	610
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	180
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	35
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,775
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,225
Education	380
13. Education	380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25
Humanities	160
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	60
45. Social sciences	70
Business, management and public administration	720
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	550
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	905
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	125
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	250
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260
48. Precision production	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	40
Health and related fields	550
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	160
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	35
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,775
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,555
Location of study inside Canada	2,825
Same as province or territory of residence	2,090
Different than province or territory of residence	730
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	730
Americas	70
United States of America	35
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	20
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10
Europe	60
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	15
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	75
Nigeria	45
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	15
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15
Asia	515
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	15
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	80
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	390
Pakistan	20
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,525
In the labour force	6,505
Employed	5,925
Unemployed	580
Not in the labour force	3,020
Participation rate	68.3
Employment rate	62.2
Unemployment rate	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,525
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,100
Worked	6,425
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,710
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,715
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,505
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,360
Employee	6,075
Permanent position	5,255
Temporary position	825
Fixed term (1 year or more)	285
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	535
Self-employed¹⁹²	280
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,505
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,360
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	265
3 Health occupations	620
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,245
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75
6 Sales and service occupations	1,605
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,210
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	135
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,505
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145
All industries¹⁹¹	6,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	740
22 Utilities	110
23 Construction	370
31-33 Manufacturing	45
41 Wholesale trade	100
44-45 Retail trade	735
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	410
51 Information and cultural industries	35
52 Finance and insurance	145
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	165
61 Educational services	695
62 Health care and social assistance	1,195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35
72 Accommodation and food services	525
81 Other services (except public administration)	265
91 Public administration	580
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,970
English	6,620
French	65
Non-official language	15
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	65
English and non-official language(s)	210
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,970
Single responses	6,950
Official languages	6,920
English	6,825
French	95
Non-official languages	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	15
Algonquian languages	15
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	15
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	15
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	10
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	20
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,970
None	6,715
English	45
French	40
Non-official language	155
Indigenous³⁹	120
Non-Indigenous	40
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,925
Worked at home	315
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	630
Usual place of work	4,975
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,975
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,025
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	290
Commute to a different province or territory	95
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,605
Car, truck or van	4,875
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,155
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	715
Public transit	60
Walked	505
Bicycle	30
Other method	135
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,605
Less than 15 minutes	4,515
15 to 29 minutes	765
30 to 44 minutes	145
45 to 59 minutes	30
60 minutes and over	155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,605
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	390
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	895
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,330
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,640
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	615
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	735
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,965
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,705
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,795
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	210
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	155
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,585

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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