Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cochrane, Town (T)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	32,199	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	25,853	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	24.5	...	...	24.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	12,578	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	12,096	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,019.5	...	...	1,019.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	31.58	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	32,195	15,795	16,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,840	3,525	3,315	21.2	22.3	20.2
0 to 4 years	2,165	1,150	1,015	6.7	7.3	6.2
5 to 9 years	2,460	1,245	1,210	7.6	7.9	7.4
10 to 14 years	2,210	1,130	1,085	6.9	7.2	6.6
15 to 64 years	20,155	9,800	10,355	62.6	62.0	63.1
15 to 19 years	1,790	910	875	5.6	5.8	5.3
20 to 24 years	1,215	620	595	3.8	3.9	3.6
25 to 29 years	1,540	730	810	4.8	4.6	4.9
30 to 34 years	2,380	1,140	1,240	7.4	7.2	7.6
35 to 39 years	2,800	1,375	1,425	8.7	8.7	8.7
40 to 44 years	2,460	1,200	1,260	7.6	7.6	7.7
45 to 49 years	2,210	1,095	1,115	6.9	6.9	6.8
50 to 54 years	1,835	910	925	5.7	5.8	5.6
55 to 59 years	1,985	920	1,065	6.2	5.8	6.5
60 to 64 years	1,945	900	1,045	6.0	5.7	6.4
65 years and over	5,205	2,470	2,735	16.2	15.6	16.7
65 to 69 years	1,690	825	865	5.2	5.2	5.3
70 to 74 years	1,395	655	740	4.3	4.1	4.5
75 to 79 years	855	420	430	2.7	2.7	2.6
80 to 84 years	455	190	270	1.4	1.2	1.6
85 years and over	810	380	430	2.5	2.4	2.6
85 to 89 years	475	260	220	1.5	1.6	1.3
90 to 94 years	300	125	175	0.9	0.8	1.1
95 to 99 years	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.2	22.3	20.2	21.2	22.3	20.2
15 to 64 years	62.6	62.0	63.1	62.6	62.0	63.1
65 years and over	16.2	15.6	16.7	16.2	15.6	16.7
85 years and over	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.6
Average age of the population	39.4	38.6	40.1	39.4	38.6	40.1
Median age of the population	39.2	38.4	39.6	39.2	38.4	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,230	...	...	59.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,735	...	...	14.3	...	...
Row house	1,805	...	...	14.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,215	...	...	10.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,485	...	...	20.5	...	...
2 persons	4,430	...	...	36.6	...	...
3 persons	2,000	...	...	16.5	...	...
4 persons	2,170	...	...	17.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,005	...	...	8.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	31,470	15,455	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	25,360	12,270	13,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,030	8,530	8,505	67.2	69.5	65.0
Married	14,290	7,175	7,120	56.3	58.5	54.4
Living common-law	2,740	1,355	1,385	10.8	11.0	10.6
Living common law - Never married	1,945	965	985	7.7	7.9	7.5
Living common law - Separated	110	60	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	635	305	330	2.5	2.5	2.5
Living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	8,330	3,745	4,590	32.8	30.5	35.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,990	2,645	2,345	19.7	21.6	17.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	670	310	360	2.6	2.5	2.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,550	520	1,025	6.1	4.2	7.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,130	270	860	4.5	2.2	6.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,460	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,615	...	...	48.8	...	...
3 persons	1,925	...	...	20.3	...	...
4 persons	2,080	...	...	22.0	...	...
5 or more persons	840	...	...	8.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,460	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,345	...	...	88.2	...	...
Married couples	6,975	...	...	73.7	...	...
With children⁶	3,790	...	...	40.1	...	...
Without children	3,190	...	...	33.7	...	...
Common-law couples	1,365	...	...	14.4	...	...
With children⁶	555	...	...	5.9	...	...
Without children	815	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,115	...	...	11.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	830	...	...	8.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	285	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	31,470	15,455	16,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	27,785	13,810	13,975	88.3	89.4	87.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	16,695	8,320	8,375	53.1	53.8	52.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,110	280	830	3.5	1.8	5.2
Children⁶	9,980	5,210	4,770	31.7	33.7	29.8
In a two-parent family	8,185	4,280	3,905	26.0	27.7	24.4
In a one-parent family	1,790	930	865	5.7	6.0	5.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,685	1,645	2,035	11.7	10.6	12.7
Living alone	2,490	1,025	1,460	7.9	6.6	9.1
Living with other relatives⁷	425	180	245	1.4	1.2	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	775	440	340	2.5	2.8	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,710	...	...	72.0	...	...
Couple-family households	7,805	...	...	64.5	...	...
With children⁶	4,095	...	...	33.9	...	...
Without children	3,705	...	...	30.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	905	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	195	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	335	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	310	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	2,485	...	...	20.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	24,635	11,935	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,650	11,450	12,205	96.0	95.9	96.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	69,000	40,400	51,600	69,000	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,675	11,460	12,215	96.1	96.0	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	58,400	36,400	45,600	58,400	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,265	10,985	11,280	90.4	92.0	88.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	65,000	31,400	45,600	65,000	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,185	9,265	8,920	73.8	77.6	70.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	67,500	33,600	48,000	67,500	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,215	9,460	10,760	82.1	79.3	84.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,700	5,040	9,100	7,700	5,040	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,405	1,040	1,360	9.8	8.7	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,640	5,640	5,640	5,640	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,460	2,815	3,645	26.2	23.6	28.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	24,635	11,930	12,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,665	11,450	12,210	96.1	96.0	96.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,800	85,200	49,600	66,800	85,200	49,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,675	11,455	12,220	96.1	96.0	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,700	67,800	42,400	54,700	67,800	42,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,335	10,990	11,345	90.7	92.1	89.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,950	81,300	43,240	61,950	81,300	43,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,185	9,325	8,865	73.8	78.2	69.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,050	80,700	44,480	63,050	80,700	44,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,235	9,440	10,795	82.1	79.1	85.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,750	8,690	10,680	9,750	8,690	10,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,335	1,015	1,320	9.5	8.5	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,110	6,350	7,700	7,110	6,350	7,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,330	2,820	3,505	25.7	23.6	27.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,420	8,740	8,600	8,420	8,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	24,635	11,930	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,545	5,080	3,475	34.7	42.6	27.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	96,000	67,500	82,000	96,000	67,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	94,800	109,300	73,700	94,800	109,300	73,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,650	3,280	4,370	31.1	27.5	34.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	29,600	18,600	21,800	29,600	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,040	52,100	27,480	38,040	52,100	27,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.6	91.6	81.0	87.6	91.6	81.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.4	77.0	65.0	72.4	77.0	65.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.5	8.4	19.0	12.5	8.4	19.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.7	1.1	0.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.9	2.7	5.9	3.9	2.7	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.4	5.1	3.4	2.4	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	24,635	11,935	12,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	980	485	495	4.0	4.1	3.9
With total income	23,655	11,445	12,205	96.0	95.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,910	650	1,255	8.1	5.7	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,950	615	1,340	8.2	5.4	11.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,910	1,070	1,840	12.3	9.3	15.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,525	895	1,625	10.7	7.8	13.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,185	815	1,370	9.2	7.1	11.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,995	895	1,100	8.4	7.8	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,710	860	855	7.2	7.5	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,535	880	650	6.5	7.7	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,290	740	550	5.5	6.5	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,120	660	460	4.7	5.8	3.8
$100,000 and over	4,525	3,365	1,155	19.1	29.4	9.5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,885	2,005	885	12.2	17.5	7.3
$150,000 and over	1,640	1,365	275	6.9	11.9	2.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	24,635	11,935	12,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	960	470	485	3.9	3.9	3.8
With after-tax income	23,670	11,460	12,215	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,030	685	1,345	8.6	6.0	11.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,065	655	1,415	8.7	5.7	11.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,275	1,195	2,085	13.8	10.4	17.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,970	1,100	1,870	12.5	9.6	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,630	1,090	1,540	11.1	9.5	12.6
$50,000 to $59,999	2,315	1,180	1,135	9.8	10.3	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,985	1,110	870	8.4	9.7	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,615	950	660	6.8	8.3	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,295	785	500	5.5	6.8	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	915	645	270	3.9	5.6	2.2
$100,000 and over	2,580	2,055	525	10.9	17.9	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	1,280	965	310	5.4	8.4	2.5
$125,000 and over	1,300	1,085	210	5.5	9.5	1.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	24,635	11,935	12,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,450	2,670	3,780	26.2	22.4	29.8
With employment income	18,185	9,265	8,920	73.8	77.6	70.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,290	1,025	1,260	12.6	11.1	14.1
$5,000 to $9,999	1,270	480	790	7.0	5.2	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,890	685	1,205	10.4	7.4	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,400	515	890	7.7	5.6	10.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,285	475	805	7.1	5.1	9.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,180	480	705	6.5	5.2	7.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,175	555	620	6.5	6.0	7.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,125	565	560	6.2	6.1	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,040	605	430	5.7	6.5	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	955	545	410	5.3	5.9	4.6
$90,000 to $99,999	950	555	395	5.2	6.0	4.4
$100,000 and over	3,630	2,785	840	20.0	30.1	9.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,560	1,075	485	8.6	11.6	5.4
$125,000 and over	2,070	1,705	360	11.4	18.4	4.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	24,635	11,935	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,125	11,210	11,915	93.9	93.9	93.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	71,500	39,200	52,800	71,500	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,140	11,215	11,925	93.9	94.0	93.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	60,000	35,600	46,000	60,000	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,920	10,840	11,080	89.0	90.8	87.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	69,000	34,800	49,600	69,000	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,195	9,245	8,945	73.9	77.5	70.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	72,000	36,000	51,200	72,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,045	8,980	10,070	77.3	75.2	79.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,880	990	4,280	1,880	990	4,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,840	710	1,130	7.5	5.9	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	4,960	6,600	5,800	4,960	6,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	24,635	11,930	12,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,065	11,195	11,875	93.6	93.8	93.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,500	87,800	48,360	67,500	87,800	48,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,085	11,200	11,885	93.7	93.9	93.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	69,400	41,080	54,800	69,400	41,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,860	10,820	11,040	88.7	90.7	86.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,400	86,100	45,160	65,400	86,100	45,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,075	9,285	8,785	73.4	77.8	69.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	66,500	85,800	46,160	66,500	85,800	46,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,135	9,020	10,115	77.7	75.6	79.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,630	7,470	6,600	5,630	7,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,725	705	1,020	7.0	5.9	8.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,800	6,540	8,680	7,800	6,540	8,680
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	24,635	11,930	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,540	5,070	3,475	34.7	42.5	27.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	95,000	64,000	80,000	95,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	93,800	110,500	69,500	93,800	110,500	69,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,140	3,030	4,105	29.0	25.4	32.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,400	46,800	25,600	31,400	46,800	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,800	65,400	33,080	46,800	65,400	33,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.8	94.8	86.8	91.8	94.8	86.8
Employment income (%)	77.2	81.2	70.6	77.2	81.2	70.6
Government transfers (%)	8.1	5.2	13.2	8.1	5.2	13.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.5	1.6	0.9	0.5	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	12,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	9,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	12,095	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	107,100	...	...	107,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,700	...	...	67,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,100	...	...	56,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	9,605	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	147,200	...	...	147,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,300	...	...	120,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	1.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...	2.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	280	...	...	2.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	2.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	605	...	...	5.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	665	...	...	5.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	685	...	...	5.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	715	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	695	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,945	...	...	57.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,725	...	...	14.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,415	...	...	11.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,895	...	...	15.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,905	...	...	15.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	0.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	265	...	...	2.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	305	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...	2.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...	2.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	765	...	...	6.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	860	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	860	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	935	...	...	7.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	915	...	...	7.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,690	...	...	47.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,935	...	...	16.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,330	...	...	11.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,425	...	...	20.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,365	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	153,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,260	1,470	1,800	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,000	62,000	45,600	52,000	62,000	45,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	52,000	40,800	45,200	52,000	40,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,370	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,400	...	...	119,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,600	...	...	132,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...	107,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	169,400	...	...	169,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,800	...	...	137,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...	84,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,300	1,520	1,775	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,500	74,300	56,100	64,500	74,300	56,100
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,550	60,400	47,720	53,550	60,400	47,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	31,470	15,460	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,010	4,125	3,885	25.5	26.7	24.3
0 to 5 years	2,690	1,400	1,285	8.5	9.1	8.0
18 to 64 years	18,935	9,170	9,765	60.2	59.3	61.0
65 years and over	4,530	2,160	2,365	14.4	14.0	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,895	805	1,095	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	560	270	290	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	95	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,020	435	590	...	...	...
65 years and over	320	105	215	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	5.2	6.8	6.0	5.2	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	6.6	7.5	7.0	6.6	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	6.5	6.8	6.0	6.5	6.8	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	4.7	6.0	5.4	4.7	6.0
65 years and over (%)	7.1	4.7	9.2	7.1	4.7	9.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	31,470	15,455	16,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,005	4,125	3,880	25.4	26.7	24.2
0 to 5 years	2,690	1,405	1,285	8.5	9.1	8.0
18 to 64 years	18,935	9,175	9,765	60.2	59.4	61.0
65 years and over	4,525	2,160	2,365	14.4	14.0	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	730	345	385	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	185	95	90	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	490	235	260	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	20	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.6
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	31,470	15,455	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,185	5,225	5,965	35.5	33.8	37.3
In bottom decile	1,620	720	900	5.1	4.7	5.6
In second decile	1,915	825	1,095	6.1	5.3	6.8
In third decile	2,135	1,010	1,125	6.8	6.5	7.0
In fourth decile	2,660	1,300	1,365	8.5	8.4	8.5
In fifth decile	2,850	1,365	1,480	9.1	8.8	9.2
In top half of the distribution	20,280	10,230	10,050	64.4	66.2	62.8
In sixth decile	3,330	1,645	1,685	10.6	10.6	10.5
In seventh decile	3,595	1,780	1,810	11.4	11.5	11.3
In eighth decile	4,100	2,050	2,055	13.0	13.3	12.8
In ninth decile	4,515	2,315	2,200	14.3	15.0	13.7
In top decile	4,745	2,440	2,300	15.1	15.8	14.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	31,470	...	...	31,470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.305	...	...	0.305	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.378	...	...	0.378	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	31,665	15,525	16,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	28,695	14,190	14,505	90.6	91.4	89.9
French only	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	2,870	1,290	1,575	9.1	8.3	9.8
Neither English nor French	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	31,665	15,525	16,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	30,850	15,125	15,720	97.4	97.4	97.4
French	680	330	350	2.1	2.1	2.2
English and French	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	31,665	15,525	16,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	31,105	15,275	15,835	98.2	98.4	98.1
Official languages	28,565	14,115	14,445	90.2	90.9	89.5
English	27,865	13,780	14,085	88.0	88.8	87.3
French	695	340	360	2.2	2.2	2.2
Non-official languages	2,540	1,150	1,390	8.0	7.4	8.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,525	1,150	1,380	8.0	7.4	8.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	435	180	255	1.4	1.2	1.6
Bikol	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	365	150	215	1.2	1.0	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,620	755	865	5.1	4.9	5.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	385	170	215	1.2	1.1	1.3
Baltic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	370	165	205	1.2	1.1	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	115	50	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Russian	90	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	545	250	300	1.7	1.6	1.9
Frisian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	325	135	185	1.0	0.9	1.1
German	300	125	175	0.9	0.8	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	190	95	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afrikaans	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dutch	120	60	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	225	130	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	205	115	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	65	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	425	195	240	1.3	1.3	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	290	135	155	0.9	0.9	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	90	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	40	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	100	40	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	560	250	305	1.8	1.6	1.9
English and French	185	80	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	330	150	175	1.0	1.0	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	31,665	15,525	16,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	28,590	14,075	14,515	90.3	90.7	89.9
French	205	105	95	0.6	0.7	0.6
Non-official language	455	230	225	1.4	1.5	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	445	225	220	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and French	480	225	255	1.5	1.4	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,820	830	990	5.7	5.3	6.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	31,665	15,525	16,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	31,225	15,320	15,905	98.6	98.7	98.5
Official languages	30,165	14,795	15,370	95.3	95.3	95.2
English	29,870	14,645	15,225	94.3	94.3	94.3
French	295	145	145	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-official languages	1,060	525	535	3.3	3.4	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,055	525	530	3.3	3.4	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	250	120	130	0.8	0.8	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	220	100	115	0.7	0.6	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	590	300	295	1.9	1.9	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	65	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	135	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	130	75	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	120	70	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	100	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	155	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	440	205	235	1.4	1.3	1.5
English and French	70	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	350	165	185	1.1	1.1	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	31,665	15,525	16,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,625	14,580	15,040	93.6	93.9	93.2
English	585	280	300	1.8	1.8	1.9
French	330	155	180	1.0	1.0	1.1
Non-official language	920	400	520	2.9	2.6	3.2
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	915	400	515	2.9	2.6	3.2
English and French	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	31,470	15,460	16,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	31,390	15,410	15,980	99.7	99.7	99.8
English	31,370	15,400	15,965	99.7	99.6	99.7
French	2,875	1,275	1,605	9.1	8.2	10.0
Non-official languages	3,745	1,700	2,045	11.9	11.0	12.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,725	1,700	2,030	11.8	11.0	12.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hausa	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	685	290	390	2.2	1.9	2.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	660	275	385	2.1	1.8	2.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	35	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,450	1,155	1,295	7.8	7.5	8.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	450	170	280	1.4	1.1	1.7
Baltic languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages	440	170	275	1.4	1.1	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	80	20	60	0.3	0.1	0.4
Russian	195	55	140	0.6	0.4	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Irish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	875	420	455	2.8	2.7	2.8
Frisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
High German languages	575	270	305	1.8	1.7	1.9
German	550	260	295	1.7	1.7	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	285	155	135	0.9	1.0	0.8
Afrikaans	110	60	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Dutch	165	90	75	0.5	0.6	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	315	180	140	1.0	1.2	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	285	165	125	0.9	1.1	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	125	75	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	150	85	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	835	385	450	2.7	2.5	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	85	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	670	315	355	2.1	2.0	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
American Sign Language	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	45	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	105	45	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	105	55	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Estonian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	31,470	15,460	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,470	670	800	4.7	4.3	5.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,375	625	750	4.4	4.0	4.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	500	210	295	1.6	1.4	1.8
Métis	855	405	450	2.7	2.6	2.8
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	30,000	14,790	15,210	95.3	95.7	95.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	31,470	15,460	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	425	185	240	1.4	1.2	1.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,045	15,275	15,770	98.6	98.8	98.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,125	...	...	83.7	...	...
Renter	1,970	...	...	16.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,585	...	...	21.4	...	...
Not condominium	9,510	...	...	78.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	530	...	...	4.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,770	...	...	14.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,810	...	...	48.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,935	...	...	32.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,910	...	...	15.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,800	...	...	14.9	...	...
6 rooms	2,120	...	...	17.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,890	...	...	15.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,385	...	...	36.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,005	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,835	...	...	97.9	...	...
Not suitable	260	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	175	...	...	1.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,020	...	...	8.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	580	...	...	4.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,350	...	...	19.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	845	...	...	7.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,715	...	...	14.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	3,030	...	...	25.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,385	...	...	19.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	11,830	...	...	97.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,220	...	...	43.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,475	...	...	53.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	405	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	155	...	...	1.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,735	...	...	14.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,845	...	...	23.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,300	...	...	19.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,310	...	...	19.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,795	...	...	14.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	755	...	...	6.2	...	...
85 years and over	205	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	12,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,795	...	...	81.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,270	...	...	18.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,055	...	...	17.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	12,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,685	...	...	22.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,160	...	...	17.9	...	...
Not suitable only	220	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	195	...	...	1.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,410	...	...	77.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,845	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	800	...	...	6.8	...	...
Not in core need	11,050	...	...	93.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,125	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.7	...	...	70.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,820	...	...	1,820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,772	...	...	1,772	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	466,800	...	...	466,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.1	...	...	42.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,532	...	...	1,532	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	31,470	15,455	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	440	210	230	1.4	1.4	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	440	210	225	1.4	1.4	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	220	80	145	0.7	0.5	0.9
Métis single ancestry	210	135	80	0.7	0.9	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,350	595	755	4.3	3.8	4.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,320	590	725	4.2	3.8	4.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	675	295	380	2.1	1.9	2.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	630	290	345	2.0	1.9	2.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	29,675	14,650	15,025	94.3	94.8	93.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	31,470	15,455	16,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	29,710	14,630	15,080	94.4	94.7	94.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,780	3,970	3,810	24.7	25.7	23.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,930	10,660	11,270	69.7	69.0	70.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,760	825	935	5.6	5.3	5.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	31,470	15,455	16,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	26,785	13,220	13,570	85.1	85.5	84.7
Immigrants⁸¹	4,530	2,145	2,380	14.4	13.9	14.9
Before 1980	780	385	390	2.5	2.5	2.4
1980 to 1990	370	160	220	1.2	1.0	1.4
1991 to 2000	435	190	245	1.4	1.2	1.5
2001 to 2010	1,085	575	515	3.4	3.7	3.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,860	840	1,020	5.9	5.4	6.4
2011 to 2015	1,110	530	580	3.5	3.4	3.6
2016 to 2021	750	310	435	2.4	2.0	2.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	90	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,530	2,145	2,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	515	245	275	11.4	11.4	11.6
5 to 14 years	725	350	370	16.0	16.3	15.5
15 to 24 years	705	345	355	15.6	16.1	14.9
25 to 44 years	2,205	1,025	1,185	48.7	47.8	49.8
45 years and over	375	185	195	8.3	8.6	8.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,530	2,145	2,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	610	265	345	13.5	12.4	14.5
Brazil	45	10	35	1.0	0.5	1.5
Colombia	20	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.4
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Jamaica	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.4
Mexico	70	25	40	1.5	1.2	1.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
United States of America	325	145	180	7.2	6.8	7.6
Other places of birth in Americas	85	45	45	1.9	2.1	1.9
Europe	2,380	1,185	1,195	52.5	55.2	50.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.8
Germany	260	135	130	5.7	6.3	5.5
Greece	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Hungary	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.6
Italy	50	25	30	1.1	1.2	1.3
Netherlands	105	55	55	2.3	2.6	2.3
Poland	55	15	35	1.2	0.7	1.5
Portugal	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Romania	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.1
Russian Federation	55	10	45	1.2	0.5	1.9
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	0	25	0.6	0.0	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,335	710	620	29.5	33.1	26.1
Other places of birth in Europe	350	160	190	7.7	7.5	8.0
Africa	280	150	125	6.2	7.0	5.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	40	35	10	0.9	1.6	0.4
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	175	90	80	3.9	4.2	3.4
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20	1.0	0.9	0.8
Asia	1,170	475	695	25.8	22.1	29.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.6
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.6
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	30	0.9	0.7	1.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	40	15	20	0.9	0.7	0.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	620	260	365	13.7	12.1	15.3
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	160	80	75	3.5	3.7	3.2
Pakistan	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.3
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Other places of birth in Asia	135	30	105	3.0	1.4	4.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	90	65	25	2.0	3.0	1.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	745	310	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	60	15	40	8.1	4.8	9.2
Brazil	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.3
United States of America	20	10	15	2.7	3.2	3.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.3
Europe	225	100	125	30.2	32.3	28.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	10	0	2.7	3.2	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.3
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	60	60	15.4	19.4	13.8
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40	10.1	11.3	9.2
Africa	65	30	30	8.7	9.7	6.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	10	0	1.3	3.2	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	25	7.4	8.1	5.7
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	380	145	235	51.0	46.8	54.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	20	20	5.4	6.5	4.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	0	15	2.7	0.0	3.4
Philippines	260	110	145	34.9	35.5	33.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	2.0	0.0	3.4
Oceania and other⁹³	20	15	0	2.7	4.8	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	1.3	3.2	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	10	0	1.3	3.2	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	31,470	15,460	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,095	2,435	2,660	16.2	15.8	16.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,995	2,525	2,470	15.9	16.3	15.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	21,375	10,495	10,880	67.9	67.9	68.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,750	1,755	1,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,660	1,310	1,350	70.9	74.6	67.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,090	695	390	29.1	39.6	19.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,570	615	960	41.9	35.0	48.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	920	365	555	24.5	20.8	27.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	165	85	80	4.4	4.8	4.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,750	1,755	1,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	35	20	1.3	2.0	1.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,030	490	540	27.5	27.9	27.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	135	75	60	3.6	4.3	3.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	185	85	100	4.9	4.8	5.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,335	1,080	1,260	62.3	61.5	63.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	31,470	15,460	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,680	1,255	1,425	8.5	8.1	8.9
South Asian	510	280	225	1.6	1.8	1.4
Chinese	160	60	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Black	350	190	160	1.1	1.2	1.0
Filipino	895	415	480	2.8	2.7	3.0
Arab	70	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latin American	280	100	180	0.9	0.6	1.1
Southeast Asian	85	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
West Asian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	115	40	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	45	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	70	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	28,790	14,200	14,585	91.5	91.8	91.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	31,465	15,455	16,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,800	2,525	2,275	15.3	16.3	14.2
English	8,770	4,140	4,635	27.9	26.8	28.9
Irish	6,535	3,050	3,490	20.8	19.7	21.8
Scottish	7,040	3,330	3,705	22.4	21.5	23.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,395	1,585	1,800	10.8	10.3	11.2
German	5,775	2,825	2,945	18.4	18.3	18.4
Chinese	245	100	150	0.8	0.6	0.9
Italian	1,090	560	530	3.5	3.6	3.3
Indian (India)	320	180	135	1.0	1.2	0.8
Ukrainian	2,685	1,275	1,410	8.5	8.2	8.8
Dutch	1,680	810	875	5.3	5.2	5.5
Polish	1,335	585	750	4.2	3.8	4.7
Québécois	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,660	810	845	5.3	5.2	5.3
Filipino	815	375	440	2.6	2.4	2.7
French Canadian	405	170	235	1.3	1.1	1.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	615	290	325	2.0	1.9	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	400	190	210	1.3	1.2	1.3
Métis	880	425	455	2.8	2.7	2.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	890	455	435	2.8	2.9	2.7
Russian	1,025	445	585	3.3	2.9	3.7
Norwegian	1,515	675	845	4.8	4.4	5.3
Welsh	820	390	430	2.6	2.5	2.7
Portuguese	175	85	95	0.6	0.5	0.6
American	615	310	305	2.0	2.0	1.9
Spanish	225	100	130	0.7	0.6	0.8
Swedish	835	385	450	2.7	2.5	2.8
Hungarian	440	220	220	1.4	1.4	1.4
Acadian	95	40	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	50	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jewish	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	145	60	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Jamaican	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	90	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	200	80	120	0.6	0.5	0.7
Korean	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	215	110	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
Lebanese	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	535	290	250	1.7	1.9	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	115	40	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sikh	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austrian	410	190	215	1.3	1.2	1.3
Belgian	195	125	70	0.6	0.8	0.4
Haitian	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindu	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexican	160	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mennonite	115	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Swiss	210	100	110	0.7	0.6	0.7
Finnish	195	115	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
Sri Lankan	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	75	20	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Japanese	125	40	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	340	180	170	1.1	1.2	1.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	215	95	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
Colombian	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Czech	250	135	120	0.8	0.9	0.7
Syrian	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hong Konger	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ontarian	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	65	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	170	85	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	75	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
South African	200	115	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
Australian	90	55	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Peruvian	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	45	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovenian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Israeli	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	85	55	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	200	95	110	0.6	0.6	0.7
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	55	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Irish	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Plains Cree	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	40	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cape Bretoner	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	31,470	15,460	16,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	125	35	85	0.4	0.2	0.5
Christian	15,130	6,990	8,140	48.1	45.2	50.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,675	1,825	1,850	11.7	11.8	11.6
Anabaptist	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anglican	1,055	500	550	3.4	3.2	3.4
Baptist	605	255	345	1.9	1.6	2.2
Catholic	5,355	2,480	2,870	17.0	16.0	17.9
Christian Orthodox	195	80	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jehovah's Witness	155	65	90	0.5	0.4	0.6
Latter Day Saints	315	145	165	1.0	0.9	1.0
Lutheran	715	325	385	2.3	2.1	2.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	85	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	190	75	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Presbyterian	145	85	55	0.5	0.5	0.3
Reformed	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Church	1,625	655	965	5.2	4.2	6.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	975	425	550	3.1	2.7	3.4
Hindu	100	70	30	0.3	0.5	0.2
Jewish	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Muslim	165	90	75	0.5	0.6	0.5
Sikh	115	65	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	210	55	155	0.7	0.4	1.0
No religion and secular perspectives	15,575	8,155	7,430	49.5	52.7	46.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	31,105	15,245	15,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,810	13,190	13,625	86.2	86.5	85.9
Movers	4,295	2,060	2,235	13.8	13.5	14.1
Non-migrants	1,805	870	940	5.8	5.7	5.9
Migrants	2,485	1,190	1,295	8.0	7.8	8.2
Internal migrants	2,335	1,115	1,225	7.5	7.3	7.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,775	850	925	5.7	5.6	5.8
Interprovincial migrants	565	265	295	1.8	1.7	1.9
External migrants	145	75	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	29,305	14,350	14,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,910	7,350	7,560	50.9	51.2	50.5
Movers	14,395	7,000	7,395	49.1	48.8	49.4
Non-migrants	3,890	1,945	1,950	13.3	13.6	13.0
Migrants	10,505	5,055	5,445	35.8	35.2	36.4
Internal migrants	9,885	4,790	5,095	33.7	33.4	34.1
Intraprovincial migrants	7,535	3,730	3,800	25.7	26.0	25.4
Interprovincial migrants	2,355	1,060	1,295	8.0	7.4	8.7
External migrants	615	265	350	2.1	1.8	2.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,635	11,930	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,825	1,515	1,315	11.5	12.7	10.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,810	10,420	11,385	88.5	87.3	89.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,110	8,255	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,010	585	425	5.9	7.1	4.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,100	7,670	8,430	94.1	92.9	95.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,635	11,935	12,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,440	1,255	1,185	9.9	10.5	9.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,450	3,115	3,340	26.2	26.1	26.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,740	7,565	8,180	63.9	63.4	64.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,040	4,695	4,345	36.7	39.3	34.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,470	1,995	475	10.0	16.7	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	675	395	285	2.7	3.3	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,790	1,600	195	7.3	13.4	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,635	2,365	3,270	22.9	19.8	25.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	935	335	600	3.8	2.8	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,705	2,865	3,835	27.2	24.0	30.2
Bachelor's degree	4,835	2,015	2,825	19.6	16.9	22.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	360	140	215	1.5	1.2	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	55	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	1,240	600	645	5.0	5.0	5.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,115	8,255	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	760	425	335	4.4	5.1	3.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,910	1,925	1,990	22.8	23.3	22.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,440	5,910	6,535	72.7	71.6	73.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,990	3,700	3,290	40.8	44.8	37.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,935	1,580	360	11.3	19.1	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	520	300	220	3.0	3.6	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,415	1,280	140	8.3	15.5	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,375	1,860	2,515	25.6	22.5	28.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	680	265	415	4.0	3.2	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,450	2,205	3,240	31.8	26.7	36.6
Bachelor's degree	4,000	1,575	2,420	23.4	19.1	27.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	275	100	175	1.6	1.2	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	30	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Master's degree	985	465	515	5.8	5.6	5.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	35	80	0.7	0.4	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,630	11,935	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,890	4,370	4,520	36.1	36.6	35.6
Education	1,300	315	990	5.3	2.6	7.8
13. Education	1,300	315	990	5.3	2.6	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	485	140	345	2.0	1.2	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	420	100	320	1.7	0.8	2.5
Humanities	645	270	380	2.6	2.3	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	110	15	90	0.4	0.1	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	50	100	0.6	0.4	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	195	125	70	0.8	1.0	0.6
54. History	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,595	535	1,060	6.5	4.5	8.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	110	135	1.0	0.9	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	20	225	1.0	0.2	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	270	75	195	1.1	0.6	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
42. Psychology	295	50	250	1.2	0.4	2.0
45. Social sciences	485	250	240	2.0	2.1	1.9
Business, management and public administration	3,070	1,120	1,945	12.5	9.4	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	40	155	0.8	0.3	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,875	1,085	1,785	11.7	9.1	14.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	635	335	295	2.6	2.8	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	100	150	1.0	0.8	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	75	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	195	140	60	0.8	1.2	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	415	265	145	1.7	2.2	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	340	240	95	1.4	2.0	0.7
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,595	3,335	255	14.6	27.9	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	110	70	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
14. Engineering	610	530	80	2.5	4.4	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,025	915	110	4.2	7.7	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	965	940	20	3.9	7.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	625	620	10	2.5	5.2	0.1
48. Precision production	265	265	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	500	300	200	2.0	2.5	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	280	160	125	1.1	1.3	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	145	75	0.9	1.2	0.6
Health and related fields	2,525	430	2,095	10.3	3.6	16.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	280	105	170	1.1	0.9	1.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,220	310	1,910	9.0	2.6	15.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	965	500	465	3.9	4.2	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	470	95	370	1.9	0.8	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	300	230	70	1.2	1.9	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	160	15	0.7	1.3	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,115	8,255	8,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,670	2,350	2,325	27.3	28.5	26.2
Education	915	205	710	5.3	2.5	8.0
13. Education	915	205	710	5.3	2.5	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	380	105	270	2.2	1.3	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	320	75	245	1.9	0.9	2.8
Humanities	500	195	310	2.9	2.4	3.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	90	15	75	0.5	0.2	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	45	90	0.8	0.5	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	75	55	0.8	0.9	0.6
54. History	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,310	415	900	7.7	5.0	10.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	100	115	1.2	1.2	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	0	200	1.2	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	215	50	165	1.3	0.6	1.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
42. Psychology	220	40	185	1.3	0.5	2.1
45. Social sciences	400	195	205	2.3	2.4	2.3
Business, management and public administration	2,370	820	1,550	13.8	9.9	17.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	120	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,225	800	1,430	13.0	9.7	16.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	525	255	265	3.1	3.1	3.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	215	80	130	1.3	1.0	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	165	105	55	1.0	1.3	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	210	110	1.8	2.5	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	190	80	1.6	2.3	0.9
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,945	2,715	230	17.2	32.9	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	85	55	35	0.5	0.7	0.4
14. Engineering	500	425	75	2.9	5.1	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	850	745	100	5.0	9.0	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	790	775	15	4.6	9.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	510	500	10	3.0	6.1	0.1
48. Precision production	205	205	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	410	230	180	2.4	2.8	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	220	115	110	1.3	1.4	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	120	70	1.1	1.5	0.8
Health and related fields	1,955	325	1,635	11.4	3.9	18.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	85	155	1.4	1.0	1.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,695	220	1,480	9.9	2.7	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	800	425	375	4.7	5.1	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	75	290	2.2	0.9	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	275	210	65	1.6	2.5	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	120	15	0.8	1.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,115	8,255	8,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,670	2,350	2,325	27.3	28.5	26.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,440	5,905	6,530	72.7	71.5	73.7
Location of study inside Canada	10,470	4,955	5,515	61.2	60.0	62.2
Same as province or territory of residence	7,135	3,395	3,740	41.7	41.1	42.2
Different than province or territory of residence	3,340	1,560	1,775	19.5	18.9	20.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,970	955	1,015	11.5	11.6	11.5
Americas	530	240	295	3.1	2.9	3.3
United States of America	395	200	195	2.3	2.4	2.2
Mexico	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.5
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Colombia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Europe	825	435	395	4.8	5.3	4.5
Belgium	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germany	45	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Netherlands	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Switzerland	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungary	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian Federation	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	535	310	225	3.1	3.8	2.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Africa	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	465	175	285	2.7	2.1	3.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Philippines	285	115	170	1.7	1.4	1.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pakistan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	75	65	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
Australia	50	40	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
New Zealand	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	24,635	11,935	12,705	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,075	8,835	8,240	...	...	...
Employed	15,445	8,000	7,440	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,630	840	800	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,560	3,095	4,465	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.3	74.0	64.9	69.3	74.0	64.9
Employment rate	62.7	67.0	58.6	62.7	67.0	58.6
Unemployment rate	9.5	9.5	9.7	9.5	9.5	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	24,630	11,935	12,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,580	3,130	4,450	30.8	26.2	35.0
Worked	17,055	8,805	8,250	69.2	73.8	65.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,845	5,250	3,595	35.9	44.0	28.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,210	3,550	4,655	33.3	29.7	36.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.2	40.6	41.4	42.2	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,080	8,840	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	270	130	140	1.6	1.5	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,805	8,710	8,100	98.4	98.5	98.3
Employee	14,005	7,350	6,660	82.0	83.1	80.8
Permanent position	11,740	6,325	5,415	68.7	71.5	65.7
Temporary position	2,265	1,020	1,245	13.3	11.5	15.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	760	315	445	4.4	3.6	5.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,505	705	795	8.8	8.0	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,800	1,365	1,440	16.4	15.4	17.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,080	8,840	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	270	130	140	1.6	1.5	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,805	8,710	8,100	98.4	98.5	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	215	165	45	1.3	1.9	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,755	810	1,945	16.1	9.2	23.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,345	1,030	310	7.9	11.7	3.8
3 Health occupations	1,450	220	1,230	8.5	2.5	14.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,465	1,005	1,465	14.4	11.4	17.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	595	225	370	3.5	2.5	4.5
6 Sales and service occupations	3,865	1,610	2,250	22.6	18.2	27.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,145	2,820	325	18.4	31.9	3.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	520	430	90	3.0	4.9	1.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	455	390	65	2.7	4.4	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,080	8,840	8,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	270	130	140	1.6	1.5	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	16,805	8,710	8,100	98.4	98.5	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	150	100	55	0.9	1.1	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	875	700	180	5.1	7.9	2.2
22 Utilities	225	170	60	1.3	1.9	0.7
23 Construction	1,670	1,400	270	9.8	15.8	3.3
31-33 Manufacturing	640	510	135	3.7	5.8	1.6
41 Wholesale trade	325	250	80	1.9	2.8	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,690	755	930	9.9	8.5	11.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	815	565	250	4.8	6.4	3.0
51 Information and cultural industries	270	165	110	1.6	1.9	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	530	185	340	3.1	2.1	4.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	255	120	135	1.5	1.4	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,615	870	745	9.5	9.8	9.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	10	45	0.3	0.1	0.5
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	710	400	315	4.2	4.5	3.8
61 Educational services	1,185	305	870	6.9	3.5	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	2,205	330	1,870	12.9	3.7	22.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	510	290	220	3.0	3.3	2.7
72 Accommodation and food services	1,070	450	615	6.3	5.1	7.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	825	380	450	4.8	4.3	5.5
91 Public administration	1,180	755	420	6.9	8.5	5.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	18,220	9,350	8,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,760	9,180	8,580	97.5	98.2	96.7
French	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	235	85	145	1.3	0.9	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	150	50	95	0.8	0.5	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	18,220	9,350	8,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,155	9,325	8,835	99.6	99.7	99.6
Official languages	18,135	9,310	8,825	99.5	99.6	99.5
English	18,050	9,295	8,755	99.1	99.4	98.7
French	85	15	70	0.5	0.2	0.8
Non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.5
English and French	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	18,220	9,350	8,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,875	9,220	8,655	98.1	98.6	97.6
English	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
French	155	65	85	0.9	0.7	1.0
Non-official language	115	35	80	0.6	0.4	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	15,445	8,005	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,920	1,760	2,155	25.4	22.0	29.0
Worked outside Canada	50	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
No fixed workplace address	2,735	2,015	725	17.7	25.2	9.7
Usual place of work	8,735	4,185	4,550	56.6	52.3	61.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,735	4,185	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,205	1,655	2,550	48.1	39.5	56.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,655	1,895	1,750	41.8	45.3	38.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	770	565	200	8.8	13.5	4.4
Commute to a different province or territory	105	60	40	1.2	1.4	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,470	6,195	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,390	5,635	4,755	90.6	91.0	90.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,900	5,460	4,445	86.3	88.1	84.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	490	175	315	4.3	2.8	6.0
Public transit	135	55	80	1.2	0.9	1.5
Walked	435	160	275	3.8	2.6	5.2
Bicycle	70	50	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Other method	445	300	145	3.9	4.8	2.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,470	6,195	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,080	1,725	2,350	35.6	27.8	44.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,865	985	880	16.3	15.9	16.7
30 to 44 minutes	2,775	1,590	1,190	24.2	25.7	22.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,820	1,245	575	15.9	20.1	10.9
60 minutes and over	940	660	275	8.2	10.7	5.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,470	6,195	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	925	750	175	8.1	12.1	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,395	1,595	800	20.9	25.7	15.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,820	1,440	1,375	24.6	23.2	26.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,160	910	1,245	18.8	14.7	23.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,395	470	925	12.2	7.6	17.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,775	1,025	750	15.5	16.5	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,120	4,180	3,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	770	400	370	9.5	9.6	9.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,350	3,780	3,570	90.5	90.4	90.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,775	2,935	2,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	555	290	265	9.6	9.9	9.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	290	145	145	5.0	4.9	5.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	265	145	120	4.6	4.9	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,220	2,650	2,570	90.4	90.3	90.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table