Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Camrose, City (CY)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,772	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,742	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.2	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,747	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,136	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	450.5	...	...	450.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	41.67	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,775	9,000	9,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,175	1,650	1,525	16.9	18.3	15.6
0 to 4 years	940	480	455	5.0	5.3	4.7
5 to 9 years	1,105	585	515	5.9	6.5	5.3
10 to 14 years	1,140	585	550	6.1	6.5	5.6
15 to 64 years	11,070	5,425	5,650	59.0	60.3	57.8
15 to 19 years	980	495	485	5.2	5.5	5.0
20 to 24 years	1,025	545	480	5.5	6.1	4.9
25 to 29 years	1,100	525	580	5.9	5.8	5.9
30 to 34 years	1,185	605	580	6.3	6.7	5.9
35 to 39 years	1,165	560	600	6.2	6.2	6.1
40 to 44 years	1,120	535	575	6.0	5.9	5.9
45 to 49 years	985	480	505	5.2	5.3	5.2
50 to 54 years	1,055	510	545	5.6	5.7	5.6
55 to 59 years	1,235	590	645	6.6	6.6	6.6
60 to 64 years	1,220	570	655	6.5	6.3	6.7
65 years and over	4,520	1,925	2,595	24.1	21.4	26.6
65 to 69 years	1,175	530	645	6.3	5.9	6.6
70 to 74 years	1,045	465	580	5.6	5.2	5.9
75 to 79 years	855	365	490	4.6	4.1	5.0
80 to 84 years	675	275	400	3.6	3.1	4.1
85 years and over	770	290	485	4.1	3.2	5.0
85 to 89 years	465	180	290	2.5	2.0	3.0
90 to 94 years	240	90	150	1.3	1.0	1.5
95 to 99 years	55	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	18.3	15.6	16.9	18.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	59.0	60.3	57.8	59.0	60.3	57.8
65 years and over	24.1	21.4	26.6	24.1	21.4	26.6
85 years and over	4.1	3.2	5.0	4.1	3.2	5.0
Average age of the population	43.7	41.9	45.3	43.7	41.9	45.3
Median age of the population	43.2	41.2	45.6	43.2	41.2	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,075	...	...	62.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	565	...	...	6.9	...	...
Row house	450	...	...	5.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	200	...	...	2.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,605	...	...	19.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,680	...	...	32.9	...	...
2 persons	3,045	...	...	37.4	...	...
3 persons	985	...	...	12.1	...	...
4 persons	875	...	...	10.8	...	...
5 or more persons	545	...	...	6.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,600	7,350	8,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,860	4,425	4,430	56.8	60.2	53.7
Married	7,470	3,735	3,735	47.9	50.8	45.3
Living common-law	1,390	690	700	8.9	9.4	8.5
Living common law - Never married	985	490	495	6.3	6.7	6.0
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	290	150	145	1.9	2.0	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	6,740	2,920	3,820	43.2	39.7	46.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,805	2,075	1,730	24.4	28.2	21.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	460	175	280	2.9	2.4	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,215	430	785	7.8	5.9	9.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,260	235	1,020	8.1	3.2	12.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,010	...	...	58.1	...	...
3 persons	900	...	...	17.4	...	...
4 persons	845	...	...	16.3	...	...
5 or more persons	430	...	...	8.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,310	...	...	83.1	...	...
Married couples	3,620	...	...	69.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,575	...	...	30.4	...	...
Without children	2,050	...	...	39.5	...	...
Common-law couples	695	...	...	13.4	...	...
With children⁶	275	...	...	5.3	...	...
Without children	425	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	875	...	...	16.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	695	...	...	13.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	180	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,185	8,760	9,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,380	7,100	7,280	79.1	81.1	77.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,625	4,310	4,320	47.4	49.2	45.8
Parents in one-parent families	870	175	700	4.8	2.0	7.4
Children⁶	4,880	2,620	2,260	26.8	29.9	24.0
In a two-parent family	3,535	1,900	1,635	19.4	21.7	17.3
In a one-parent family	1,345	715	625	7.4	8.2	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,810	1,660	2,150	21.0	18.9	22.8
Living alone	2,680	1,035	1,645	14.7	11.8	17.4
Living with other relatives⁷	380	195	185	2.1	2.2	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	750	435	315	4.1	5.0	3.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,725	...	...	58.0	...	...
Couple-family households	4,025	...	...	49.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,710	...	...	21.0	...	...
Without children	2,320	...	...	28.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	700	...	...	8.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	225	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	360	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	2,680	...	...	32.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,015	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,470	6,840	7,625	96.4	96.2	96.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,400	36,800	41,200	48,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,470	6,840	7,635	96.4	96.2	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,200	34,000	37,600	43,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,070	6,280	6,785	87.0	88.3	85.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	42,800	26,600	33,600	42,800	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,030	5,045	4,980	66.8	71.0	63.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,000	30,400	36,400	44,000	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,015	6,035	6,975	86.7	84.9	88.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	9,900	12,500	11,400	9,900	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,655	905	745	11.0	12.7	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	6,000	5,520	5,880	6,000	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,740	1,785	1,955	24.9	25.1	24.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,010	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,510	6,875	7,635	96.7	96.7	96.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,750	60,400	44,000	51,750	60,400	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,510	6,875	7,635	96.7	96.7	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	50,600	38,800	44,400	50,600	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,080	6,290	6,795	87.1	88.5	86.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,320	55,250	36,120	45,320	55,250	36,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,030	5,005	5,025	66.8	70.4	63.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,520	55,650	37,360	46,520	55,650	37,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,030	6,045	6,985	86.8	85.0	88.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,150	11,220	12,960	12,150	11,220	12,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,595	875	725	10.6	12.3	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,020	8,140	7,880	8,020	8,140	7,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,615	1,645	1,970	24.1	23.1	24.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,820	8,690	8,930	8,820	8,690	8,930
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,015	7,115	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,105	2,225	1,885	27.3	31.3	23.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	72,500	54,400	64,000	72,500	54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,300	82,800	59,800	72,300	82,800	59,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,655	2,120	2,540	31.0	29.8	32.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	26,200	19,000	22,200	26,200	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,640	38,960	25,480	31,640	38,960	25,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.6	73.0	79.0	83.6	73.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.1	67.2	55.9	62.1	67.2	55.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.1	16.3	27.0	21.1	16.3	27.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.9	6.3	5.0	3.9	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.4	5.2	4.2	3.4	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,010	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	545	275	275	3.6	3.9	3.5
With total income	14,470	6,840	7,630	96.4	96.2	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	920	350	575	6.4	5.1	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,425	520	910	9.8	7.6	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,645	1,105	1,535	18.3	16.2	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,015	845	1,165	13.9	12.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,695	690	1,000	11.7	10.1	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,360	595	770	9.4	8.7	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,055	560	495	7.3	8.2	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	830	485	340	5.7	7.1	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	590	365	225	4.1	5.3	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	540	350	195	3.7	5.1	2.6
$100,000 and over	1,395	980	415	9.6	14.3	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,010	680	330	7.0	9.9	4.3
$150,000 and over	385	300	80	2.7	4.4	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,010	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	540	270	270	3.6	3.8	3.4
With after-tax income	14,475	6,840	7,630	96.4	96.2	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	980	360	620	6.8	5.3	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,480	540	945	10.2	7.9	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,950	1,260	1,685	20.4	18.4	22.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,320	965	1,360	16.0	14.1	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,925	825	1,100	13.3	12.1	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,510	775	735	10.4	11.3	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,020	600	420	7.0	8.8	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	745	470	280	5.1	6.9	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	535	340	195	3.7	5.0	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	320	200	115	2.2	2.9	1.5
$100,000 and over	680	515	170	4.7	7.5	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	365	275	95	2.5	4.0	1.2
$125,000 and over	315	240	70	2.2	3.5	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,010	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,980	2,065	2,915	33.2	29.0	36.9
With employment income	10,030	5,045	4,985	66.8	71.0	63.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,300	585	720	13.0	11.6	14.4
$5,000 to $9,999	790	330	460	7.9	6.5	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,265	540	730	12.6	10.7	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,000	445	550	10.0	8.8	11.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,010	470	540	10.1	9.3	10.8
$40,000 to $49,999	920	370	555	9.2	7.3	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	765	365	400	7.6	7.2	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	640	350	285	6.4	6.9	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	550	350	205	5.5	6.9	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	390	255	140	3.9	5.1	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	380	235	150	3.8	4.7	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,020	760	260	10.2	15.1	5.2
$100,000 to $124,999	535	365	170	5.3	7.2	3.4
$125,000 and over	485	395	90	4.8	7.8	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,015	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,295	6,740	7,555	95.2	94.8	95.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	52,000	34,000	40,800	52,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,295	6,740	7,555	95.2	94.8	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	45,600	31,800	36,800	45,600	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,035	6,250	6,785	86.8	87.9	85.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	48,800	28,600	37,200	48,800	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,230	5,165	5,065	68.1	72.6	64.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	50,400	32,400	40,000	50,400	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,575	5,820	6,755	83.7	81.9	85.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	1,860	8,000	5,480	1,860	8,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,135	630	505	7.6	8.9	6.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,360	4,560	6,800	5,360	4,560	6,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,010	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,325	6,725	7,600	95.4	94.6	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	62,700	41,000	51,200	62,700	41,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,330	6,730	7,600	95.5	94.7	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,240	51,600	35,840	43,240	51,600	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,095	6,250	6,840	87.2	87.9	86.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,480	60,150	35,880	47,480	60,150	35,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,310	5,160	5,150	68.7	72.6	65.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,000	60,300	37,720	49,000	60,300	37,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,540	5,805	6,735	83.5	81.6	85.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,930	7,920	9,800	8,930	7,920	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,100	595	510	7.3	8.4	6.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,680	6,640	8,920	7,680	6,640	8,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,015	7,115	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,085	2,220	1,870	27.2	31.2	23.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	72,500	51,600	61,600	72,500	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,100	83,300	56,700	71,100	83,300	56,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,515	2,060	2,460	30.1	29.0	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	38,000	24,400	29,000	38,000	24,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,240	50,520	29,800	39,240	50,520	29,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8	89.2	78.8	84.8	89.2	78.8
Employment income (%)	69.0	73.8	62.4	69.0	73.8	62.4
Government transfers (%)	15.3	10.9	21.2	15.3	10.9	21.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.2	0.9	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,455	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,300	...	...	92,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,280	...	...	49,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,800	...	...	42,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,500	...	...	113,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	420	...	...	5.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	465	...	...	5.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	295	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	345	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	370	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	315	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	635	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	580	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	505	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	475	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,890	...	...	35.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	960	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	660	...	...	8.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	760	...	...	9.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	510	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	450	...	...	5.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	500	...	...	6.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	375	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	365	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	395	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	375	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	780	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	640	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	580	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	510	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,220	...	...	27.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	930	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	595	...	...	7.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	695	...	...	8.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,365	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	830	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,430	1,470	1,965	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	38,400	35,600	36,800	38,400	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	34,800	33,200	34,000	34,800	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,700	...	...	113,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,100	...	...	97,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,200	...	...	104,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,700	...	...	88,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,400	...	...	143,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,200	...	...	121,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,600	...	...	76,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,600	...	...	68,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,465	1,470	1,990	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,280	49,160	45,880	47,280	49,160	45,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,080	42,000	40,400	41,080	42,000	40,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,760	1,940	1,815	20.7	22.1	19.3
0 to 5 years	1,155	595	560	6.4	6.8	5.9
18 to 64 years	10,365	5,060	5,305	57.0	57.8	56.3
65 years and over	4,060	1,760	2,305	22.3	20.1	24.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,900	810	1,090	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	400	205	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	115	55	60	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,010	460	555	...	...	...
65 years and over	490	150	345	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	9.3	11.6	10.5	9.3	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.4	10.9	10.7	10.4	10.9
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	9.2	10.4	9.8	9.2	10.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	9.1	10.4	9.8	9.1	10.4
65 years and over (%)	12.1	8.4	14.9	12.1	8.4	14.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,185	8,760	9,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,755	1,940	1,820	20.6	22.1	19.3
0 to 5 years	1,160	600	555	6.4	6.8	5.9
18 to 64 years	10,365	5,060	5,300	57.0	57.8	56.2
65 years and over	4,065	1,760	2,305	22.4	20.1	24.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	515	255	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	105	45	55	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	370	190	180	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	2.4	3.2	2.8	2.4	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	1.8	3.2	2.6	1.8	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.8	3.4	3.6	3.8	3.4
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,190	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,745	4,465	5,280	53.6	51.0	56.0
In bottom decile	1,545	720	825	8.5	8.2	8.8
In second decile	2,225	935	1,295	12.2	10.7	13.7
In third decile	2,125	975	1,150	11.7	11.1	12.2
In fourth decile	1,865	900	965	10.3	10.3	10.2
In fifth decile	1,980	935	1,040	10.9	10.7	11.0
In top half of the distribution	8,440	4,295	4,145	46.4	49.0	44.0
In sixth decile	1,870	935	935	10.3	10.7	9.9
In seventh decile	1,895	945	950	10.4	10.8	10.1
In eighth decile	1,685	855	825	9.3	9.8	8.8
In ninth decile	1,675	875	800	9.2	10.0	8.5
In top decile	1,320	690	630	7.3	7.9	6.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,185	...	...	18,185	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.434	...	...	0.434	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.273	...	...	0.273	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,355	8,845	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	17,590	8,495	9,095	95.8	96.0	95.6
French only	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English and French	715	325	395	3.9	3.7	4.2
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,355	8,845	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,150	8,735	9,415	98.9	98.8	99.0
French	145	80	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,355	8,845	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,020	8,675	9,345	98.2	98.1	98.3
Official languages	16,570	7,985	8,585	90.3	90.3	90.3
English	16,415	7,900	8,510	89.4	89.3	89.5
French	155	85	75	0.8	1.0	0.8
Non-official languages	1,450	695	760	7.9	7.9	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,440	690	750	7.8	7.8	7.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	505	225	280	2.8	2.5	2.9
Bikol	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	420	185	240	2.3	2.1	2.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	700	350	355	3.8	4.0	3.7
Albanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	120	60	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	145	155	1.6	1.6	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	185	95	85	1.0	1.1	0.9
German	180	95	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	140	75	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	140	75	60	0.8	0.8	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	90	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese languages	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	335	170	170	1.8	1.9	1.8
English and French	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	265	125	135	1.4	1.4	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,355	8,845	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	16,835	8,105	8,730	91.7	91.6	91.8
French	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	235	125	110	1.3	1.4	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	235	125	110	1.3	1.4	1.2
English and French	105	50	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,095	520	580	6.0	5.9	6.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,355	8,845	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,090	8,715	9,375	98.6	98.5	98.6
Official languages	17,435	8,390	9,045	95.0	94.9	95.1
English	17,400	8,365	9,035	94.8	94.6	95.0
French	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official languages	655	330	325	3.6	3.7	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	655	330	330	3.6	3.7	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	285	135	150	1.6	1.5	1.6
Bikol	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	240	115	125	1.3	1.3	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	240	125	115	1.3	1.4	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	110	65	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	105	60	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	265	125	140	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	250	115	130	1.4	1.3	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,355	8,845	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,310	8,345	8,965	94.3	94.3	94.3
English	355	170	185	1.9	1.9	1.9
French	95	40	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	505	240	270	2.8	2.7	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	495	240	260	2.7	2.7	2.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,150	8,740	9,410	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	18,140	8,730	9,410	99.8	99.7	99.8
French	735	340	395	4.0	3.9	4.2
Non-official languages	2,160	1,060	1,100	11.9	12.1	11.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,145	1,055	1,090	11.8	12.0	11.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	775	370	410	4.3	4.2	4.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	60	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ilocano	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	735	345	385	4.0	3.9	4.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Tamil	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,005	515	490	5.5	5.9	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	65	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	420	215	210	2.3	2.5	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	230	115	110	1.3	1.3	1.2
German	230	115	110	1.3	1.3	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	165	105	1.5	1.9	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	270	165	105	1.5	1.9	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hindi	190	110	80	1.0	1.3	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	50	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	65	110	1.0	0.7	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	155	65	95	0.9	0.7	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Akan (Twi)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
American Sign Language	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	55	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Chinese languages	100	55	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,185	8,760	9,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,395	690	700	7.7	7.9	7.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,355	670	680	7.5	7.6	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	425	205	225	2.3	2.3	2.4
Métis	920	460	465	5.1	5.3	4.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	16,795	8,070	8,725	92.4	92.1	92.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,185	8,760	9,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	325	150	170	1.8	1.7	1.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,860	8,610	9,255	98.2	98.3	98.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,365	...	...	65.9	...	...
Renter	2,770	...	...	34.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	775	...	...	9.5	...	...
Not condominium	7,360	...	...	90.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	790	...	...	9.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,145	...	...	26.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,175	...	...	26.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,980	...	...	36.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,100	...	...	25.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,155	...	...	14.2	...	...
6 rooms	980	...	...	12.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,075	...	...	13.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,825	...	...	34.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,050	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,955	...	...	97.8	...	...
Not suitable	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,170	...	...	14.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,710	...	...	33.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	880	...	...	10.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,015	...	...	12.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	645	...	...	7.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	860	...	...	10.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	505	...	...	6.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	345	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,655	...	...	94.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	480	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,320	...	...	53.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,510	...	...	43.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	300	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	315	...	...	3.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,165	...	...	14.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,290	...	...	15.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,190	...	...	14.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,430	...	...	17.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,295	...	...	15.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	985	...	...	12.1	...	...
85 years and over	465	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,105	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,330	...	...	78.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,775	...	...	21.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,640	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,255	...	...	27.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,615	...	...	19.9	...	...
Not suitable only	140	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	310	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	150	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,885	...	...	72.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	790	...	...	9.9	...	...
Not in core need	7,185	...	...	90.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,370	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.5	...	...	55.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.7	...	...	12.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	325,200	...	...	325,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,760	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.9	...	...	13.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.7	...	...	39.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.5	...	...	22.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,136	...	...	1,136	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,190	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	440	215	220	2.4	2.5	2.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	420	215	200	2.3	2.5	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	225	105	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
Métis single ancestry	190	110	80	1.0	1.3	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,075	525	555	5.9	6.0	5.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,025	505	525	5.6	5.8	5.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	570	300	270	3.1	3.4	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	450	200	250	2.5	2.3	2.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	16,670	8,020	8,650	91.6	91.6	91.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,190	8,245	8,945	94.5	94.1	94.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,495	1,810	1,685	19.2	20.7	17.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,695	6,435	7,260	75.3	73.5	77.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	995	510	485	5.5	5.8	5.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	16,145	7,770	8,380	88.8	88.7	88.9
Immigrants⁸¹	1,860	885	980	10.2	10.1	10.4
Before 1980	350	200	155	1.9	2.3	1.6
1980 to 1990	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
1991 to 2000	150	55	90	0.8	0.6	1.0
2001 to 2010	225	95	135	1.2	1.1	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,020	490	530	5.6	5.6	5.6
2011 to 2015	500	255	245	2.7	2.9	2.6
2016 to 2021	525	240	290	2.9	2.7	3.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	180	110	65	1.0	1.3	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,860	885	980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	160	70	95	8.6	7.9	9.7
5 to 14 years	360	165	200	19.4	18.6	20.4
15 to 24 years	285	135	150	15.3	15.3	15.3
25 to 44 years	895	440	455	48.1	49.7	46.4
45 years and over	155	65	85	8.3	7.3	8.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,860	885	980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	315	125	185	16.9	14.1	18.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	25	10	10	1.3	1.1	1.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	45	15	25	2.4	1.7	2.6
Mexico	35	15	20	1.9	1.7	2.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	145	60	85	7.8	6.8	8.7
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	30	1.9	1.1	3.1
Europe	390	190	195	21.0	21.5	19.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	40	20	20	2.2	2.3	2.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	45	20	25	2.4	2.3	2.6
Poland	20	10	10	1.1	1.1	1.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	205	100	100	11.0	11.3	10.2
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	20	2.2	2.3	2.0
Africa	105	65	40	5.6	7.3	4.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	10	0	1.1	1.1	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0.8	1.1	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	1.3	1.7	1.5
Other places of birth in Africa	40	30	10	2.2	3.4	1.0
Asia	1,035	490	540	55.6	55.4	55.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	25	2.4	1.7	2.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	735	350	385	39.5	39.5	39.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	110	50	55	5.9	5.6	5.6
Pakistan	15	15	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	45	45	4.6	5.1	4.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	10	10	0.8	1.1	1.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	525	240	290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	15	30	7.6	6.3	10.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	0	20	4.8	0.0	6.9
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	0	15	4.8	0.0	5.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.4
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.4
Africa	15	10	0	2.9	4.2	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	445	215	230	84.8	89.6	79.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	25	20	8.6	10.4	6.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	350	155	190	66.7	64.6	65.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	15	0	2.9	6.3	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,210	1,095	1,115	12.2	12.5	11.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,705	1,245	1,460	14.9	14.2	15.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,270	6,420	6,850	73.0	73.3	72.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,510	680	825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,020	465	555	67.5	68.4	67.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	390	205	190	25.8	30.1	23.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	625	260	365	41.4	38.2	44.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	385	175	210	25.5	25.7	25.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	35	55	6.0	5.1	6.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,510	680	825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	30	25	3.3	4.4	3.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	405	175	225	26.8	25.7	27.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	35	35	4.6	5.1	4.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	45	30	5.0	6.6	3.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	900	400	495	59.6	58.8	60.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,955	960	995	10.8	11.0	10.6
South Asian	345	190	155	1.9	2.2	1.6
Chinese	140	85	65	0.8	1.0	0.7
Black	285	125	160	1.6	1.4	1.7
Filipino	910	445	460	5.0	5.1	4.9
Arab	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	95	25	60	0.5	0.3	0.6
Southeast Asian	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	50	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	16,230	7,800	8,435	89.2	89.0	89.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,185	8,760	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,115	1,060	1,055	11.6	12.1	11.2
English	3,995	1,900	2,095	22.0	21.7	22.2
Irish	2,960	1,330	1,625	16.3	15.2	17.2
Scottish	2,990	1,440	1,550	16.4	16.4	16.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,630	790	840	9.0	9.0	8.9
German	4,685	2,220	2,465	25.8	25.3	26.2
Chinese	175	105	75	1.0	1.2	0.8
Italian	205	110	95	1.1	1.3	1.0
Indian (India)	170	100	75	0.9	1.1	0.8
Ukrainian	2,065	985	1,085	11.4	11.2	11.5
Dutch	825	430	390	4.5	4.9	4.1
Polish	1,005	440	565	5.5	5.0	6.0
Québécois	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	525	260	265	2.9	3.0	2.8
Filipino	895	435	460	4.9	5.0	4.9
French Canadian	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	410	225	185	2.3	2.6	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	255	125	125	1.4	1.4	1.3
Métis	705	325	380	3.9	3.7	4.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	180	110	70	1.0	1.3	0.7
Russian	465	260	205	2.6	3.0	2.2
Norwegian	2,250	1,060	1,195	12.4	12.1	12.7
Welsh	330	140	195	1.8	1.6	2.1
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
American	385	180	205	2.1	2.1	2.2
Spanish	140	80	60	0.8	0.9	0.6
Swedish	1,050	485	560	5.8	5.5	5.9
Hungarian	210	130	85	1.2	1.5	0.9
Acadian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pakistani	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	310	150	155	1.7	1.7	1.6
Korean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	110	50	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	500	250	255	2.7	2.9	2.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	190	85	110	1.0	1.0	1.2
Sikh	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Austrian	140	65	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Belgian	115	50	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Haitian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindu	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexican	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	105	40	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Swiss	170	80	90	0.9	0.9	1.0
Finnish	80	50	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Sri Lankan	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Croatian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	245	110	135	1.3	1.3	1.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	120	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	95	35	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Syrian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	45	15	35	0.2	0.2	0.4
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	170	60	110	0.9	0.7	1.2
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuban	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,185	8,760	9,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Christian	10,775	4,810	5,960	59.3	54.9	63.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,095	1,050	1,040	11.5	12.0	11.0
Anabaptist	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Anglican	460	180	280	2.5	2.1	3.0
Baptist	395	150	250	2.2	1.7	2.7
Catholic	3,835	1,715	2,120	21.1	19.6	22.5
Christian Orthodox	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jehovah's Witness	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Latter Day Saints	100	25	70	0.5	0.3	0.7
Lutheran	1,525	675	850	8.4	7.7	9.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	245	100	140	1.3	1.1	1.5
Presbyterian	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Reformed	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
United Church	1,130	495	635	6.2	5.7	6.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	570	225	345	3.1	2.6	3.7
Hindu	170	100	75	0.9	1.1	0.8
Jewish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Muslim	95	65	35	0.5	0.7	0.4
Sikh	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	150	60	85	0.8	0.7	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	6,920	3,680	3,235	38.1	42.0	34.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,010	8,680	9,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,355	7,450	7,910	85.3	85.8	84.8
Movers	2,645	1,230	1,420	14.7	14.2	15.2
Non-migrants	1,595	735	860	8.9	8.5	9.2
Migrants	1,055	495	555	5.9	5.7	5.9
Internal migrants	965	455	515	5.4	5.2	5.5
Intraprovincial migrants	835	400	440	4.6	4.6	4.7
Interprovincial migrants	130	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
External migrants	90	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,230	8,240	8,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,735	4,785	4,955	56.5	58.1	55.1
Movers	7,500	3,455	4,040	43.5	41.9	44.9
Non-migrants	3,520	1,570	1,945	20.4	19.1	21.6
Migrants	3,980	1,880	2,100	23.1	22.8	23.3
Internal migrants	3,495	1,650	1,840	20.3	20.0	20.5
Intraprovincial migrants	2,870	1,355	1,520	16.7	16.4	16.9
Interprovincial migrants	620	295	320	3.6	3.6	3.6
External migrants	490	235	260	2.8	2.9	2.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,010	7,115	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,295	1,800	1,500	22.0	25.3	19.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,720	5,315	6,405	78.1	74.7	81.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,935	4,275	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,280	790	490	14.3	18.5	10.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,655	3,485	4,170	85.7	81.5	89.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,010	7,110	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,830	1,545	1,285	18.9	21.7	16.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,735	2,185	2,555	31.5	30.7	32.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,445	3,385	4,060	49.6	47.6	51.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,970	2,330	2,640	33.1	32.8	33.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,480	1,155	330	9.9	16.2	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	395	235	155	2.6	3.3	2.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,085	910	170	7.2	12.8	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,055	1,045	2,010	20.4	14.7	25.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	430	130	300	2.9	1.8	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,470	1,045	1,425	16.5	14.7	18.0
Bachelor's degree	1,750	675	1,085	11.7	9.5	13.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	50	80	0.9	0.7	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	55	30	0.6	0.8	0.4
Master's degree	400	195	200	2.7	2.7	2.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	70	25	0.7	1.0	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,930	4,270	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,050	665	385	11.8	15.6	8.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,650	1,245	1,400	29.7	29.2	30.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,230	2,360	2,870	58.6	55.3	61.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,380	1,635	1,750	37.8	38.3	37.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,005	805	205	11.3	18.9	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	255	170	85	2.9	4.0	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	750	630	115	8.4	14.8	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,105	720	1,385	23.6	16.9	29.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	110	165	3.1	2.6	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,845	725	1,120	20.7	17.0	24.0
Bachelor's degree	1,285	460	830	14.4	10.8	17.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	40	50	1.0	0.9	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	50	35	0.9	1.2	0.8
Master's degree	320	135	185	3.6	3.2	4.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	45	25	0.8	1.1	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,010	7,110	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,570	3,735	3,835	50.4	52.5	48.5
Education	630	180	450	4.2	2.5	5.7
13. Education	630	180	450	4.2	2.5	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	50	135	1.3	0.7	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	170	45	125	1.1	0.6	1.6
Humanities	325	170	155	2.2	2.4	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	75	25	0.6	1.1	0.3
54. History	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	130	315	3.0	1.8	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	10	125	0.9	0.1	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	100	30	70	0.7	0.4	0.9
45. Social sciences	105	60	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Business, management and public administration	1,290	390	900	8.6	5.5	11.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	15	90	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,180	375	810	7.9	5.3	10.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	90	70	1.1	1.3	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	180	130	50	1.2	1.8	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	110	15	0.9	1.5	0.2
25. Library science	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,585	1,480	105	10.6	20.8	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
14. Engineering	120	95	25	0.8	1.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	340	315	30	2.3	4.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	475	460	15	3.2	6.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	470	460	10	3.1	6.5	0.1
48. Precision production	150	145	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	170	125	2.0	2.4	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	230	125	105	1.5	1.8	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	40	30	0.4	0.6	0.4
Health and related fields	1,800	345	1,455	12.0	4.9	18.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,650	275	1,375	11.0	3.9	17.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	525	235	290	3.5	3.3	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	350	90	260	2.3	1.3	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	85	35	0.8	1.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,935	4,275	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,700	1,915	1,785	41.4	44.8	38.3
Education	370	100	270	4.1	2.3	5.8
13. Education	370	100	270	4.1	2.3	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	35	110	1.6	0.8	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	125	25	100	1.4	0.6	2.1
Humanities	250	115	135	2.8	2.7	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	45	25	0.7	1.1	0.5
54. History	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290	60	220	3.2	1.4	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	10	85	1.1	0.2	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	15	40	0.6	0.4	0.9
45. Social sciences	50	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.5
Business, management and public administration	950	275	670	10.6	6.4	14.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	1.0	0.2	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	270	600	9.7	6.3	12.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	80	65	1.6	1.9	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	105	40	1.6	2.5	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	90	20	1.2	2.1	0.4
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,090	1,000	90	12.2	23.4	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	90	65	25	1.0	1.5	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	220	25	2.7	5.1	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	335	325	15	3.7	7.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	285	10	3.3	6.7	0.2
48. Precision production	115	105	0	1.3	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235	125	110	2.6	2.9	2.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	95	80	2.0	2.2	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
Health and related fields	1,250	275	975	14.0	6.4	20.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	35	35	0.8	0.8	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,140	215	925	12.8	5.0	19.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	375	185	190	4.2	4.3	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240	75	165	2.7	1.8	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	90	65	25	1.0	1.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,935	4,275	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,700	1,915	1,785	41.4	44.8	38.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,230	2,360	2,870	58.5	55.2	61.6
Location of study inside Canada	4,485	1,995	2,490	50.2	46.7	53.4
Same as province or territory of residence	3,815	1,660	2,150	42.7	38.8	46.1
Different than province or territory of residence	670	330	335	7.5	7.7	7.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	750	365	380	8.4	8.5	8.2
Americas	140	80	55	1.6	1.9	1.2
United States of America	105	70	35	1.2	1.6	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	60	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	60	30	25	0.7	0.7	0.5
Nigeria	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Asia	485	220	260	5.4	5.1	5.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	340	160	180	3.8	3.7	3.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	85	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,010	7,110	7,900	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,245	4,695	4,550	...	...	...
Employed	8,075	4,070	4,000	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,170	625	545	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,770	2,415	3,355	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.6	66.0	57.6	61.6	66.0	57.6
Employment rate	53.8	57.2	50.6	53.8	57.2	50.6
Unemployment rate	12.7	13.3	12.0	12.7	13.3	12.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,010	7,110	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,885	2,560	3,330	39.2	36.0	42.1
Worked	9,120	4,550	4,575	60.8	64.0	57.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,230	2,310	1,920	28.2	32.5	24.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,890	2,235	2,650	32.6	31.4	33.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.7	39.8	40.3	40.7	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,245	4,695	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	160	125	3.0	3.4	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,960	4,535	4,425	96.9	96.6	97.3
Employee	7,765	3,835	3,925	84.0	81.7	86.3
Permanent position	6,520	3,240	3,280	70.5	69.0	72.1
Temporary position	1,240	590	645	13.4	12.6	14.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	295	115	185	3.2	2.4	4.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	945	480	470	10.2	10.2	10.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,200	700	500	13.0	14.9	11.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,245	4,695	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	160	125	3.0	3.4	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,960	4,535	4,425	96.9	96.6	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55	45	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,285	315	970	13.9	6.7	21.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	230	65	3.2	4.9	1.4
3 Health occupations	1,035	210	825	11.2	4.5	18.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	930	295	640	10.1	6.3	14.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	150	60	90	1.6	1.3	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,655	1,040	1,615	28.7	22.2	35.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,710	1,605	105	18.5	34.2	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	400	350	50	4.3	7.5	1.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	440	385	50	4.8	8.2	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,245	4,695	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	160	125	3.0	3.4	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	8,960	4,535	4,425	96.9	96.6	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	90	45	1.5	1.9	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	315	295	20	3.4	6.3	0.4
22 Utilities	75	60	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
23 Construction	745	655	85	8.1	14.0	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	585	485	100	6.3	10.3	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	255	205	50	2.8	4.4	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,410	675	735	15.3	14.4	16.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	275	215	65	3.0	4.6	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	95	50	50	1.0	1.1	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	280	65	215	3.0	1.4	4.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	135	75	60	1.5	1.6	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	335	165	170	3.6	3.5	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	260	120	4.1	5.5	2.6
61 Educational services	575	155	420	6.2	3.3	9.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,735	280	1,455	18.8	6.0	32.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	175	115	65	1.9	2.4	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	660	265	400	7.1	5.6	8.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	215	235	4.8	4.6	5.2
91 Public administration	340	220	120	3.7	4.7	2.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,815	4,910	4,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,665	4,840	4,825	98.5	98.6	98.3
French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,815	4,910	4,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,810	4,910	4,900	99.9	100.0	99.8
Official languages	9,770	4,895	4,880	99.5	99.7	99.4
English	9,750	4,890	4,860	99.3	99.6	99.0
French	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official languages	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,815	4,910	4,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,695	4,850	4,845	98.8	98.8	98.7
English	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
French	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	55	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,075	4,070	4,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	885	340	545	11.0	8.4	13.6
Worked outside Canada	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,145	870	285	14.2	21.4	7.1
Usual place of work	6,025	2,850	3,175	74.6	70.0	79.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,025	2,850	3,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,680	2,010	2,670	77.7	70.5	84.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	365	225	135	6.1	7.9	4.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	935	600	335	15.5	21.1	10.6
Commute to a different province or territory	45	15	25	0.7	0.5	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,165	3,715	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,600	3,395	3,200	92.1	91.4	92.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,195	3,215	2,980	86.5	86.5	86.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	405	180	220	5.7	4.8	6.4
Public transit	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Walked	340	200	140	4.7	5.4	4.1
Bicycle	45	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.6
Other method	155	70	90	2.2	1.9	2.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,165	3,715	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,810	2,135	2,670	67.1	57.5	77.3
15 to 29 minutes	905	570	340	12.6	15.3	9.8
30 to 44 minutes	595	375	220	8.3	10.1	6.4
45 to 59 minutes	330	235	90	4.6	6.3	2.6
60 minutes and over	530	395	130	7.4	10.6	3.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,165	3,715	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	605	455	150	8.4	12.2	4.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,400	890	515	19.5	24.0	14.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,795	990	805	25.1	26.6	23.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,555	575	980	21.7	15.5	28.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	740	295	450	10.3	7.9	13.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,075	520	560	15.0	14.0	16.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,830	1,980	1,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	80	70	3.9	4.0	3.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,680	1,900	1,780	96.1	96.0	96.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,820	1,460	1,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	65	55	4.3	4.5	4.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	25	35	2.1	1.7	2.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	40	20	2.1	2.7	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,700	1,395	1,305	95.7	95.5	95.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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