Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Fort Saskatchewan, City (CY)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	27,088^E	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	24,169^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.1^E	...	...	12.1^E	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,896	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,420	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	479.4	...	...	479.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	56.50	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	27,090	13,645	13,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,625	2,875	2,745	20.8	21.1	20.4
0 to 4 years	1,855	990	865	6.8	7.3	6.4
5 to 9 years	1,985	1,010	970	7.3	7.4	7.2
10 to 14 years	1,785	875	910	6.6	6.4	6.8
15 to 64 years	17,925	9,165	8,760	66.2	67.2	65.2
15 to 19 years	1,525	815	715	5.6	6.0	5.3
20 to 24 years	1,520	785	730	5.6	5.8	5.4
25 to 29 years	2,005	1,060	945	7.4	7.8	7.0
30 to 34 years	2,380	1,155	1,225	8.8	8.5	9.1
35 to 39 years	2,465	1,290	1,175	9.1	9.5	8.7
40 to 44 years	1,965	1,015	945	7.3	7.4	7.0
45 to 49 years	1,615	810	805	6.0	5.9	6.0
50 to 54 years	1,485	775	705	5.5	5.7	5.2
55 to 59 years	1,540	755	790	5.7	5.5	5.9
60 to 64 years	1,425	705	725	5.3	5.2	5.4
65 years and over	3,540	1,605	1,940	13.1	11.8	14.4
65 to 69 years	1,165	540	625	4.3	4.0	4.6
70 to 74 years	925	440	480	3.4	3.2	3.6
75 to 79 years	605	305	305	2.2	2.2	2.3
80 to 84 years	435	185	250	1.6	1.4	1.9
85 years and over	410	135	280	1.5	1.0	2.1
85 to 89 years	255	80	180	0.9	0.6	1.3
90 to 94 years	85	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
95 to 99 years	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.8	21.1	20.4	20.8	21.1	20.4
15 to 64 years	66.2	67.2	65.2	66.2	67.2	65.2
65 years and over	13.1	11.8	14.4	13.1	11.8	14.4
85 years and over	1.5	1.0	2.1	1.5	1.0	2.1
Average age of the population	37.2	36.4	38.1	37.2	36.4	38.1
Median age of the population	36.0	35.6	36.4	36.0	35.6	36.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,660	...	...	63.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,425	...	...	13.7	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	5.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,750	...	...	16.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,445	...	...	23.5	...	...
2 persons	3,685	...	...	35.4	...	...
3 persons	1,695	...	...	16.3	...	...
4 persons	1,730	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 or more persons	870	...	...	8.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,465	10,765	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	13,295	6,635	6,655	61.9	61.6	62.2
Married	10,600	5,310	5,295	49.4	49.3	49.5
Living common-law	2,690	1,330	1,365	12.5	12.4	12.8
Living common law - Never married	2,050	1,005	1,050	9.6	9.3	9.8
Living common law - Separated	120	65	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	475	250	225	2.2	2.3	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	8,170	4,130	4,040	38.1	38.4	37.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,345	3,120	2,220	24.9	29.0	20.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	585	260	325	2.7	2.4	3.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,300	545	755	6.1	5.1	7.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	940	200	740	4.4	1.9	6.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,740	...	...	48.8	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	20.4	...	...
4 persons	1,675	...	...	21.9	...	...
5 or more persons	690	...	...	9.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,565	...	...	85.6	...	...
Married couples	5,215	...	...	68.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,915	...	...	38.0	...	...
Without children	2,305	...	...	30.1	...	...
Common-law couples	1,350	...	...	17.6	...	...
With children⁶	540	...	...	7.0	...	...
Without children	805	...	...	10.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,100	...	...	14.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	815	...	...	10.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	280	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,535	11,255	11,285	84.8	84.3	85.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,130	6,550	6,580	49.4	49.1	49.8
Parents in one-parent families	1,100	280	820	4.1	2.1	6.2
Children⁶	8,310	4,425	3,890	31.3	33.1	29.4
In a two-parent family	6,570	3,520	3,050	24.7	26.4	23.1
In a one-parent family	1,745	905	840	6.6	6.8	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,030	2,095	1,930	15.2	15.7	14.6
Living alone	2,440	1,215	1,225	9.2	9.1	9.3
Living with other relatives⁷	525	250	280	2.0	1.9	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,065	630	430	4.0	4.7	3.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,910	...	...	66.3	...	...
Couple-family households	6,065	...	...	58.2	...	...
With children⁶	3,210	...	...	30.8	...	...
Without children	2,850	...	...	27.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	850	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	190	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	365	...	...	3.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	460	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	2,445	...	...	23.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	20,945	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,040	10,025	10,015	95.7	95.7	95.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	73,000	40,400	52,800	73,000	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,040	10,025	10,020	95.7	95.7	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	60,800	36,400	46,400	60,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,645	9,585	9,060	89.0	91.5	86.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	69,000	32,400	47,600	69,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,860	8,470	7,390	75.7	80.9	70.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	72,000	36,000	51,200	72,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,440	8,505	8,935	83.3	81.2	85.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	4,800	9,000	7,500	4,800	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,820	1,420	1,395	13.5	13.6	13.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,760	6,000	6,000	5,760	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,430	2,465	2,970	25.9	23.5	28.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	20,950	10,470	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,090	10,040	10,050	95.9	95.9	95.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,400	84,700	48,080	66,400	84,700	48,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,090	10,040	10,050	95.9	95.9	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,550	67,700	41,400	54,550	67,700	41,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,735	9,655	9,080	89.4	92.2	86.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,200	80,800	42,360	62,200	80,800	42,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,865	8,490	7,370	75.7	81.1	70.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,050	80,400	43,040	63,050	80,400	43,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,445	8,410	9,030	83.3	80.3	86.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,650	8,320	10,890	9,650	8,320	10,890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,730	1,360	1,370	13.0	13.0	13.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,140	6,440	7,830	7,140	6,440	7,830
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,445	2,435	3,010	26.0	23.3	28.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,150	8,780	8,500	8,150	8,780
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	20,950	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,535	4,495	3,040	36.0	42.9	29.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	98,000	63,600	82,000	98,000	63,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,700	108,700	69,000	92,700	108,700	69,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,485	3,000	3,485	31.0	28.6	33.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	39,600	20,000	26,400	39,600	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,600	55,450	26,000	39,600	55,450	26,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.4	91.8	79.6	87.4	91.8	79.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.0	80.2	65.8	75.0	80.2	65.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.6	8.2	20.4	12.6	8.2	20.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.2	1.5	1.0	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.9	2.5	6.3	3.9	2.5	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.3	5.5	3.5	2.3	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	20,950	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	910	455	455	4.3	4.3	4.3
With total income	20,040	10,020	10,020	95.7	95.7	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,455	470	980	7.3	4.7	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,515	445	1,065	7.6	4.4	10.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,395	875	1,520	12.0	8.7	15.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,170	775	1,395	10.8	7.7	13.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,005	760	1,240	10.0	7.6	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,715	760	960	8.6	7.6	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	705	720	7.1	7.0	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,390	790	600	6.9	7.9	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,090	690	395	5.4	6.9	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	900	585	315	4.5	5.8	3.1
$100,000 and over	3,990	3,165	825	19.9	31.6	8.2
$100,000 to $149,999	2,420	1,790	635	12.1	17.9	6.3
$150,000 and over	1,565	1,375	195	7.8	13.7	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	20,950	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	910	455	455	4.3	4.3	4.3
With after-tax income	20,040	10,020	10,020	95.7	95.7	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,520	480	1,035	7.6	4.8	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,615	485	1,125	8.1	4.8	11.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,750	990	1,760	13.7	9.9	17.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,645	990	1,650	13.2	9.9	16.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,350	980	1,375	11.7	9.8	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,960	975	980	9.8	9.7	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,720	1,020	700	8.6	10.2	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,335	865	475	6.7	8.6	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	720	380	5.5	7.2	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	740	555	190	3.7	5.5	1.9
$100,000 and over	2,310	1,960	345	11.5	19.6	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,115	905	210	5.6	9.0	2.1
$125,000 and over	1,195	1,055	140	6.0	10.5	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	20,950	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,085	2,000	3,080	24.3	19.1	29.4
With employment income	15,865	8,475	7,395	75.7	80.9	70.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,795	845	945	11.3	10.0	12.8
$5,000 to $9,999	895	325	565	5.6	3.8	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,520	545	980	9.6	6.4	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,300	520	780	8.2	6.1	10.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,190	435	755	7.5	5.1	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,095	445	650	6.9	5.3	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,100	500	605	6.9	5.9	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,040	520	520	6.6	6.1	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	965	560	400	6.1	6.6	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	835	550	280	5.3	6.5	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	800	500	295	5.0	5.9	4.0
$100,000 and over	3,325	2,725	600	21.0	32.2	8.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,285	915	365	8.1	10.8	4.9
$125,000 and over	2,040	1,810	235	12.9	21.4	3.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	20,945	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,675	9,830	9,845	93.9	93.8	94.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	75,500	38,000	53,200	75,500	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,690	9,835	9,860	94.0	93.9	94.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	63,200	34,400	46,400	63,200	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,440	9,485	8,955	88.0	90.5	85.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	74,500	34,400	50,800	74,500	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,935	8,515	7,420	76.1	81.3	70.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,600	76,000	37,600	53,600	76,000	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,525	8,095	8,430	78.9	77.3	80.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,920	1,000	4,400	1,920	1,000	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,215	1,100	1,115	10.6	10.5	10.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,400	7,100	6,000	5,400	7,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	20,950	10,470	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,665	9,795	9,875	93.9	93.6	94.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	66,300	86,800	45,840	66,300	86,800	45,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,680	9,800	9,880	93.9	93.6	94.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,950	68,700	39,400	53,950	68,700	39,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,445	9,465	8,980	88.0	90.4	85.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,700	85,100	43,200	64,700	85,100	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,935	8,460	7,475	76.1	80.8	71.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,200	84,000	44,080	65,200	84,000	44,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,520	8,030	8,495	78.9	76.7	81.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,540	7,610	6,600	5,540	7,610
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,100	1,030	1,070	10.0	9.8	10.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,720	6,480	8,920	7,720	6,480	8,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	20,950	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,505	4,495	3,010	35.8	42.9	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	81,000	95,000	60,000	81,000	95,000	60,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,300	106,800	65,600	90,300	106,800	65,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,060	2,775	3,290	28.9	26.5	31.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	59,200	26,000	34,400	59,200	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	48,560	68,800	31,480	48,560	68,800	31,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.6	94.8	85.8	91.6	94.8	85.8
Employment income (%)	79.8	83.6	72.8	79.8	83.6	72.8
Government transfers (%)	8.4	5.2	14.3	8.4	5.2	14.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.8	2.1	1.3	0.8	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	105,200	...	...	105,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,900	...	...	67,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,990	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	146,200	...	...	146,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,100	...	...	120,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	1.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	1.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	240	...	...	2.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	2.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...	5.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	560	...	...	5.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	640	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	620	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	570	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,925	...	...	56.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,375	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,200	...	...	11.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,635	...	...	15.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,725	...	...	16.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	170	...	...	1.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	245	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	305	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	280	...	...	2.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	700	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	785	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	750	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	770	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	760	...	...	7.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,855	...	...	46.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,605	...	...	15.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,185	...	...	11.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,065	...	...	19.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,505	1,850	1,655	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,200	66,500	44,400	53,200	66,500	44,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	55,600	39,600	46,000	55,600	39,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,635	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,200	...	...	146,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,800	...	...	132,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	109,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	175,000	...	...	175,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,800	...	...	141,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,400	...	...	89,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	77,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,425	1,805	1,615	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,600	74,500	51,350	63,600	74,500	51,350
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,600	60,000	44,280	52,600	60,000	44,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,565	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,545	3,380	3,160	24.6	25.3	23.9
0 to 5 years	2,285	1,210	1,075	8.6	9.1	8.1
18 to 64 years	16,665	8,405	8,260	62.7	63.0	62.5
65 years and over	3,360	1,560	1,795	12.6	11.7	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,440	635	805	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	480	255	230	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	150	80	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	725	305	420	...	...	...
65 years and over	235	75	155	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.4	4.8	6.1	5.4	4.8	6.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.4	7.6	7.2	7.4	7.6	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.7	6.8	6.6	6.7	6.8	6.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	3.6	5.1	4.4	3.6	5.1
65 years and over (%)	6.9	4.8	8.6	6.9	4.8	8.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	26,570	13,345	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,540	3,380	3,165	24.6	25.3	23.9
0 to 5 years	2,285	1,210	1,075	8.6	9.1	8.1
18 to 64 years	16,665	8,405	8,255	62.7	63.0	62.4
65 years and over	3,355	1,565	1,795	12.6	11.7	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	460	220	235	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	130	65	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	305	145	160	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	10	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.7	1.9
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.8	0.6	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,565	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,445	4,385	5,060	35.6	32.8	38.3
In bottom decile	1,250	590	660	4.7	4.4	5.0
In second decile	1,685	720	970	6.3	5.4	7.3
In third decile	1,810	825	980	6.8	6.2	7.4
In fourth decile	2,205	1,030	1,170	8.3	7.7	8.9
In fifth decile	2,495	1,215	1,285	9.4	9.1	9.7
In top half of the distribution	17,120	8,965	8,160	64.4	67.2	61.7
In sixth decile	2,740	1,380	1,360	10.3	10.3	10.3
In seventh decile	3,105	1,600	1,505	11.7	12.0	11.4
In eighth decile	3,275	1,715	1,560	12.3	12.8	11.8
In ninth decile	3,925	2,075	1,845	14.8	15.5	14.0
In top decile	4,070	2,190	1,880	15.3	16.4	14.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,570	...	...	26,570	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.289	...	...	0.289	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.365	...	...	0.365	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	26,765	13,400	13,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	25,185	12,665	12,525	94.1	94.5	93.7
French only	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,530	715	815	5.7	5.3	6.1
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	26,765	13,400	13,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	26,270	13,135	13,130	98.2	98.0	98.2
French	450	240	205	1.7	1.8	1.5
English and French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	26,765	13,400	13,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,300	13,175	13,125	98.3	98.3	98.2
Official languages	24,570	12,395	12,180	91.8	92.5	91.1
English	24,080	12,125	11,960	90.0	90.5	89.5
French	490	265	220	1.8	2.0	1.6
Non-official languages	1,730	785	945	6.5	5.9	7.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,720	780	935	6.4	5.8	7.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	20	20	0.2	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	555	235	315	2.1	1.8	2.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	470	200	275	1.8	1.5	2.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	925	450	480	3.5	3.4	3.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	290	125	160	1.1	0.9	1.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	290	125	160	1.1	0.9	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	150	70	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	240	105	135	0.9	0.8	1.0
Frisian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	170	70	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
German	170	70	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	135	105	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	225	130	100	0.8	1.0	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	110	60	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	465	225	240	1.7	1.7	1.8
English and French	110	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	330	165	165	1.2	1.2	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	26,765	13,400	13,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	24,715	12,430	12,285	92.3	92.8	91.9
French	140	70	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	325	165	165	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	325	165	165	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	220	95	125	0.8	0.7	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	1,295	610	690	4.8	4.6	5.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	26,765	13,400	13,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,440	13,245	13,190	98.8	98.8	98.7
Official languages	25,710	12,890	12,825	96.1	96.2	96.0
English	25,530	12,795	12,735	95.4	95.5	95.3
French	180	90	85	0.7	0.7	0.6
Non-official languages	725	355	370	2.7	2.6	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	720	355	370	2.7	2.6	2.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	300	130	170	1.1	1.0	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	265	115	150	1.0	0.9	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	310	165	145	1.2	1.2	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
German	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	95	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	165	90	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	150	175	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	290	135	155	1.1	1.0	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	26,765	13,400	13,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	25,455	12,795	12,665	95.1	95.5	94.8
English	360	170	185	1.3	1.3	1.4
French	165	65	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	670	310	360	2.5	2.3	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	650	300	345	2.4	2.2	2.6
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	26,545	13,345	13,200	99.9	100.0	99.8
English	26,535	13,335	13,195	99.9	99.9	99.8
French	1,495	720	775	5.6	5.4	5.9
Non-official languages	2,660	1,270	1,395	10.0	9.5	10.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,625	1,255	1,375	9.9	9.4	10.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	825	325	495	3.1	2.4	3.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	790	320	475	3.0	2.4	3.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	145	85	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	85	50	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	90	50	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,370	715	655	5.2	5.4	5.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	365	200	165	1.4	1.5	1.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	365	200	165	1.4	1.5	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	165	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	330	160	165	1.2	1.2	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	235	115	125	0.9	0.9	0.9
German	235	115	125	0.9	0.9	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afrikaans	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	320	185	135	1.2	1.4	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	305	175	130	1.1	1.3	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	170	85	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	75	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Urdu	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	160	175	1.3	1.2	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	255	130	130	1.0	1.0	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Chinese languages	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,565	13,345	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,915	980	930	7.2	7.3	7.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,890	980	910	7.1	7.3	6.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	630	305	325	2.4	2.3	2.5
Métis	1,245	670	580	4.7	5.0	4.4
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	24,655	12,365	12,285	92.8	92.7	92.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,565	13,345	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	415	230	180	1.6	1.7	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	26,150	13,115	13,035	98.4	98.3	98.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,885	...	...	75.7	...	...
Renter	2,535	...	...	24.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,495	...	...	14.3	...	...
Not condominium	8,930	...	...	85.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	590	...	...	5.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,750	...	...	16.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,445	...	...	42.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,565	...	...	34.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,135	...	...	20.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,575	...	...	15.1	...	...
6 rooms	1,680	...	...	16.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,395	...	...	13.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,630	...	...	34.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,290	...	...	98.8	...	...
More than one person per room	130	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,115	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	305	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	590	...	...	5.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,660	...	...	25.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	505	...	...	4.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	925	...	...	8.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	815	...	...	7.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,780	...	...	17.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,015	...	...	19.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,130	...	...	10.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,080	...	...	96.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,975	...	...	47.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,985	...	...	47.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	460	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	415	...	...	4.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,010	...	...	19.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,405	...	...	23.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,760	...	...	16.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,770	...	...	17.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,225	...	...	11.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	575	...	...	5.5	...	...
85 years and over	255	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,655	...	...	83.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,735	...	...	16.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,615	...	...	15.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,260	...	...	21.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,625	...	...	15.6	...	...
Not suitable only	260	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	265	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,160	...	...	78.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	790	...	...	7.7	...	...
Not in core need	9,475	...	...	92.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,875	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.8	...	...	70.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.7	...	...	10.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,820	...	...	1,820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,702	...	...	1,702	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	380,000	...	...	380,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,400	...	...	400,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,535	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.2	...	...	35.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.2	...	...	21.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,396	...	...	1,396	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,570	13,350	13,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	600	290	310	2.3	2.2	2.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	580	280	300	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	330	155	175	1.2	1.2	1.3
Métis single ancestry	240	125	120	0.9	0.9	0.9
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,760	920	840	6.6	6.9	6.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,655	870	780	6.2	6.5	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	770	435	340	2.9	3.3	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	865	430	435	3.3	3.2	3.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	105	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	24,210	12,135	12,075	91.1	90.9	91.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	25,395	12,840	12,555	95.6	96.2	95.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,310	3,270	3,040	23.7	24.5	23.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,085	9,565	9,515	71.8	71.6	72.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,170	510	660	4.4	3.8	5.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	23,850	12,080	11,770	89.8	90.5	89.0
Immigrants⁸¹	2,580	1,195	1,385	9.7	9.0	10.5
Before 1980	505	245	265	1.9	1.8	2.0
1980 to 1990	190	95	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
1991 to 2000	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
2001 to 2010	405	200	205	1.5	1.5	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,350	605	745	5.1	4.5	5.6
2011 to 2015	670	285	385	2.5	2.1	2.9
2016 to 2021	675	320	355	2.5	2.4	2.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	135	70	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,580	1,195	1,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	285	145	140	11.0	12.1	10.1
5 to 14 years	510	255	255	19.8	21.3	18.4
15 to 24 years	505	230	270	19.6	19.2	19.5
25 to 44 years	1,055	465	590	40.9	38.9	42.6
45 years and over	230	100	130	8.9	8.4	9.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,580	1,195	1,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	405	180	220	15.7	15.1	15.9
Brazil	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Colombia	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	80	35	40	3.1	2.9	2.9
Mexico	20	0	10	0.8	0.0	0.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	10	20	1.0	0.8	1.4
United States of America	125	55	70	4.8	4.6	5.1
Other places of birth in Americas	105	60	40	4.1	5.0	2.9
Europe	815	390	425	31.6	32.6	30.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
France	20	10	10	0.8	0.8	0.7
Germany	95	45	55	3.7	3.8	4.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	70	30	40	2.7	2.5	2.9
Poland	50	25	25	1.9	2.1	1.8
Portugal	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	385	190	195	14.9	15.9	14.1
Other places of birth in Europe	130	65	70	5.0	5.4	5.1
Africa	175	90	85	6.8	7.5	6.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
Nigeria	60	25	30	2.3	2.1	2.2
Somalia	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
South Africa, Republic of	35	25	10	1.4	2.1	0.7
Other places of birth in Africa	50	25	25	1.9	2.1	1.8
Asia	1,165	510	655	45.2	42.7	47.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	1.2	0.8	1.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	15	1.2	0.8	1.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	765	305	460	29.7	25.5	33.2
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	190	95	90	7.4	7.9	6.5
Pakistan	40	25	10	1.6	2.1	0.7
Sri Lanka	30	25	10	1.2	2.1	0.7
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	25	2.1	2.1	1.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	20	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	680	315	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	85	45	45	12.5	14.3	12.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	30	10	20	4.4	3.2	5.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	25	10	4.4	7.9	2.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	75	40	40	11.0	12.7	11.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	15	4.4	4.8	4.2
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	5.1	6.3	4.2
Africa	65	30	35	9.6	9.5	9.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	10	15	3.7	3.2	4.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	3.7	6.3	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	450	205	245	66.2	65.1	68.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	70	30	40	10.3	9.5	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	355	160	195	52.2	50.8	54.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	2.8
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,930	1,370	1,560	11.0	10.3	11.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,380	1,675	1,700	12.7	12.5	12.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	20,260	10,305	9,955	76.3	77.2	75.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,075	955	1,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,375	675	700	66.3	70.7	62.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	515	285	230	24.8	29.8	20.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	865	395	470	41.7	41.4	42.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	570	215	355	27.5	22.5	31.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	105	50	50	5.1	5.2	4.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	15	1.2	1.0	1.3
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,075	955	1,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	25	20	2.2	2.6	1.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	610	270	345	29.4	28.3	30.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	80	45	40	3.9	4.7	3.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	30	40	3.4	3.1	3.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,255	580	675	60.5	60.7	60.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,565	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,450	1,185	1,265	9.2	8.9	9.6
South Asian	505	275	230	1.9	2.1	1.7
Chinese	75	20	45	0.3	0.1	0.3
Black	410	225	190	1.5	1.7	1.4
Filipino	950	400	550	3.6	3.0	4.2
Arab	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	175	75	95	0.7	0.6	0.7
Southeast Asian	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Japanese	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	125	70	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,115	12,160	11,950	90.8	91.1	90.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,570	13,350	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,185	2,270	1,910	15.8	17.0	14.4
English	6,535	3,180	3,350	24.6	23.8	25.3
Irish	5,110	2,485	2,625	19.2	18.6	19.9
Scottish	4,800	2,440	2,370	18.1	18.3	17.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,325	1,585	1,740	12.5	11.9	13.2
German	4,880	2,425	2,455	18.4	18.2	18.6
Chinese	140	65	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
Italian	495	290	205	1.9	2.2	1.6
Indian (India)	305	160	145	1.1	1.2	1.1
Ukrainian	4,495	2,275	2,220	16.9	17.0	16.8
Dutch	1,290	660	625	4.9	4.9	4.7
Polish	1,725	800	925	6.5	6.0	7.0
Québécois	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	925	460	470	3.5	3.4	3.6
Filipino	925	405	520	3.5	3.0	3.9
French Canadian	195	95	100	0.7	0.7	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	505	255	255	1.9	1.9	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	480	265	220	1.8	2.0	1.7
Métis	1,230	615	615	4.6	4.6	4.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	565	315	245	2.1	2.4	1.9
Russian	395	190	200	1.5	1.4	1.5
Norwegian	1,165	535	630	4.4	4.0	4.8
Welsh	580	265	315	2.2	2.0	2.4
Portuguese	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	320	145	180	1.2	1.1	1.4
Spanish	130	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Swedish	705	320	385	2.7	2.4	2.9
Hungarian	185	100	85	0.7	0.7	0.6
Acadian	90	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Pakistani	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	95	45	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Punjabi	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Vietnamese	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Greek	100	60	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jamaican	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	100	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	285	170	110	1.1	1.3	0.8
Korean	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Romanian	180	65	110	0.7	0.5	0.8
Lebanese	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	55	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Danish	355	185	170	1.3	1.4	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	150	55	100	0.6	0.4	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	270	140	135	1.0	1.0	1.0
Belgian	150	75	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mennonite	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
Swiss	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Finnish	135	65	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sri Lankan	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Croatian	75	15	55	0.3	0.1	0.4
Japanese	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	125	55	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	180	115	60	0.7	0.9	0.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	175	70	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
Colombian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Newfoundlander	180	75	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Somali	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
South African	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	40	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	350	215	135	1.3	1.6	1.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Laotian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	25	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,565	13,345	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	13,590	6,355	7,230	51.2	47.6	54.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,420	1,075	1,345	9.1	8.1	10.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	815	360	455	3.1	2.7	3.4
Baptist	210	90	120	0.8	0.7	0.9
Catholic	6,170	3,010	3,160	23.2	22.6	23.9
Christian Orthodox	330	190	140	1.2	1.4	1.1
Jehovah's Witness	165	70	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
Latter Day Saints	220	110	115	0.8	0.8	0.9
Lutheran	490	215	275	1.8	1.6	2.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	90	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	180	95	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
Presbyterian	110	40	75	0.4	0.3	0.6
Reformed	85	50	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
United Church	1,340	580	765	5.0	4.3	5.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	960	435	520	3.6	3.3	3.9
Hindu	180	105	85	0.7	0.8	0.6
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	215	120	100	0.8	0.9	0.8
Sikh	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	12,380	6,675	5,705	46.6	50.0	43.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	26,230	13,165	13,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,650	11,405	11,245	86.4	86.6	86.1
Movers	3,580	1,760	1,820	13.6	13.4	13.9
Non-migrants	1,825	850	980	7.0	6.5	7.5
Migrants	1,750	910	840	6.7	6.9	6.4
Internal migrants	1,670	870	800	6.4	6.6	6.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,415	735	675	5.4	5.6	5.2
Interprovincial migrants	260	130	130	1.0	1.0	1.0
External migrants	80	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	24,710	12,350	12,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,640	6,870	6,770	55.2	55.6	54.8
Movers	11,065	5,480	5,590	44.8	44.4	45.2
Non-migrants	3,990	1,970	2,025	16.1	16.0	16.4
Migrants	7,075	3,510	3,565	28.6	28.4	28.8
Internal migrants	6,575	3,255	3,320	26.6	26.4	26.9
Intraprovincial migrants	5,350	2,650	2,700	21.7	21.5	21.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,225	605	615	5.0	4.9	5.0
External migrants	505	250	255	2.0	2.0	2.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,950	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,110	1,785	1,325	14.8	17.0	12.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,835	8,685	9,155	85.1	82.9	87.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,625	7,375	7,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,255	755	505	8.6	10.2	7.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,370	6,625	6,745	91.4	89.8	93.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,945	10,470	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,505	1,345	1,165	12.0	12.8	11.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,515	2,895	3,625	31.1	27.7	34.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,925	6,240	5,685	56.9	59.6	54.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,695	4,975	3,715	41.5	47.5	35.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,190	2,720	475	15.2	26.0	4.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	785	540	240	3.7	5.2	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,410	2,175	230	11.5	20.8	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,835	2,010	2,825	23.1	19.2	27.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	665	245	420	3.2	2.3	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,230	1,265	1,970	15.4	12.1	18.8
Bachelor's degree	2,530	935	1,595	12.1	8.9	15.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	75	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	450	200	250	2.1	1.9	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,625	7,375	7,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	865	460	405	5.9	6.2	5.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,100	1,890	2,210	28.0	25.6	30.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,660	5,030	4,630	66.1	68.2	63.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,960	4,045	2,920	47.6	54.8	40.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,520	2,200	315	17.2	29.8	4.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	540	390	150	3.7	5.3	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,975	1,810	160	13.5	24.5	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,930	1,660	2,275	26.9	22.5	31.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	510	185	325	3.5	2.5	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,695	980	1,715	18.4	13.3	23.7
Bachelor's degree	2,110	745	1,375	14.4	10.1	19.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	35	90	0.9	0.5	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	395	170	230	2.7	2.3	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,945	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,020	4,235	4,790	43.1	40.4	45.7
Education	905	205	695	4.3	2.0	6.6
13. Education	905	205	695	4.3	2.0	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	250	105	150	1.2	1.0	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	235	90	145	1.1	0.9	1.4
Humanities	265	115	150	1.3	1.1	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	820	200	620	3.9	1.9	5.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	10	190	1.0	0.1	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	120	25	95	0.6	0.2	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	180	25	155	0.9	0.2	1.5
45. Social sciences	215	100	115	1.0	1.0	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,820	525	1,300	8.7	5.0	12.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	0	85	0.4	0.0	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,725	515	1,210	8.2	4.9	11.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	170	160	1.6	1.6	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	30	60	0.4	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	75	25	0.5	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265	165	100	1.3	1.6	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	160	70	1.1	1.5	0.7
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,350	3,960	385	20.8	37.8	3.7
04. Architecture and related services	45	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
14. Engineering	455	375	85	2.2	3.6	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,350	1,195	155	6.4	11.4	1.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,300	1,240	65	6.2	11.8	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	665	640	25	3.2	6.1	0.2
48. Precision production	535	510	25	2.6	4.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	120	130	1.2	1.1	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	165	70	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Health and related fields	1,825	215	1,610	8.7	2.1	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	40	75	0.5	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,695	160	1,535	8.1	1.5	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	845	465	380	4.0	4.4	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	375	85	295	1.8	0.8	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	250	175	80	1.2	1.7	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	200	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,620	7,380	7,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,965	2,350	2,620	34.0	31.8	36.1
Education	720	160	565	4.9	2.2	7.8
13. Education	720	160	565	4.9	2.2	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	60	115	1.3	0.8	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	55	115	1.2	0.7	1.6
Humanities	215	90	125	1.5	1.2	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	730	155	570	5.0	2.1	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	160	0	160	1.1	0.0	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	110	15	95	0.8	0.2	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	170	20	150	1.2	0.3	2.1
45. Social sciences	185	80	105	1.3	1.1	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,495	410	1,085	10.2	5.6	15.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	65	0.5	0.0	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,415	405	1,020	9.7	5.5	14.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	125	115	1.6	1.7	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	65	45	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	155	70	1.5	2.1	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	150	55	1.4	2.0	0.8
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,500	3,175	325	23.9	43.0	4.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
14. Engineering	375	295	75	2.6	4.0	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,060	940	130	7.3	12.7	1.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,070	1,025	50	7.3	13.9	0.7
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	520	505	15	3.6	6.8	0.2
48. Precision production	430	405	25	2.9	5.5	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	85	115	1.4	1.2	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	50	85	0.9	0.7	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	40	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	1,450	180	1,270	9.9	2.4	17.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	25	70	0.6	0.3	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,350	145	1,205	9.2	2.0	16.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	705	430	280	4.8	5.8	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	285	80	205	1.9	1.1	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	220	160	60	1.5	2.2	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	185	0	1.3	2.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,620	7,380	7,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,965	2,350	2,620	34.0	31.8	36.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,655	5,025	4,630	66.0	68.1	63.9
Location of study inside Canada	8,725	4,580	4,145	59.7	62.1	57.2
Same as province or territory of residence	6,950	3,655	3,300	47.5	49.5	45.5
Different than province or territory of residence	1,775	925	845	12.1	12.5	11.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	935	450	485	6.4	6.1	6.7
Americas	210	100	105	1.4	1.4	1.4
United States of America	145	70	75	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mexico	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuba	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	115	65	50	0.8	0.9	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Africa	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asia	550	245	300	3.8	3.3	4.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Philippines	360	135	220	2.5	1.8	3.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
India	120	70	50	0.8	0.9	0.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oceania	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	20,945	10,470	10,475	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,845	8,010	6,830	...	...	...
Employed	13,245	7,180	6,070	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,595	835	760	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,105	2,460	3,640	...	...	...
Participation rate	70.9	76.5	65.2	70.9	76.5	65.2
Employment rate	63.2	68.6	57.9	63.2	68.6	57.9
Unemployment rate	10.7	10.4	11.1	10.7	10.4	11.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	20,945	10,475	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,450	2,700	3,750	30.8	25.8	35.8
Worked	14,500	7,775	6,725	69.2	74.2	64.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,725	4,610	3,115	36.9	44.0	29.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,780	3,165	3,615	32.4	30.2	34.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	42.3	40.1	41.3	42.3	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,840	8,015	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	385	175	215	2.6	2.2	3.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,455	7,840	6,615	97.4	97.8	96.9
Employee	13,235	7,205	6,030	89.2	89.9	88.3
Permanent position	11,070	6,065	5,010	74.6	75.7	73.4
Temporary position	2,165	1,140	1,020	14.6	14.2	14.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	555	270	275	3.7	3.4	4.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,615	870	745	10.9	10.9	10.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,220	635	590	8.2	7.9	8.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,840	8,015	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	385	175	215	2.6	2.2	3.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,455	7,840	6,615	97.4	97.8	96.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,190	520	1,675	14.8	6.5	24.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	935	770	170	6.3	9.6	2.5
3 Health occupations	1,065	145	920	7.2	1.8	13.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,685	570	1,115	11.4	7.1	16.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	215	50	165	1.4	0.6	2.4
6 Sales and service occupations	3,210	1,190	2,020	21.6	14.8	29.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,725	3,370	350	25.1	42.0	5.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	425	345	80	2.9	4.3	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	925	835	90	6.2	10.4	1.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,840	8,015	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	385	175	215	2.6	2.2	3.1
All industries¹⁹¹	14,455	7,840	6,615	97.4	97.8	96.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	95	70	1.1	1.2	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	905	750	160	6.1	9.4	2.3
22 Utilities	180	120	60	1.2	1.5	0.9
23 Construction	1,955	1,615	340	13.2	20.1	5.0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,475	1,230	245	9.9	15.3	3.6
41 Wholesale trade	395	275	120	2.7	3.4	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,570	670	905	10.6	8.4	13.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	800	625	180	5.4	7.8	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	105	65	35	0.7	0.8	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	345	80	260	2.3	1.0	3.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	195	115	80	1.3	1.4	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	670	330	340	4.5	4.1	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	430	205	225	2.9	2.6	3.3
61 Educational services	775	130	645	5.2	1.6	9.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,715	185	1,530	11.6	2.3	22.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	225	95	125	1.5	1.2	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	865	360	515	5.8	4.5	7.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	600	315	280	4.0	3.9	4.1
91 Public administration	1,075	575	500	7.2	7.2	7.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,605	8,340	7,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,405	8,245	7,165	98.7	98.9	98.6
French	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-official language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,605	8,340	7,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,570	8,325	7,250	99.8	99.8	99.7
Official languages	15,550	8,310	7,240	99.6	99.6	99.6
English	15,530	8,300	7,225	99.5	99.5	99.4
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,605	8,340	7,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,475	8,280	7,200	99.2	99.3	99.0
English	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French	65	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	13,240	7,180	6,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,080	790	1,290	15.7	11.0	21.3
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,240	1,690	550	16.9	23.5	9.1
Usual place of work	8,895	4,670	4,225	67.2	65.0	69.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,895	4,670	4,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,135	1,920	2,210	46.5	41.1	52.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,295	2,430	1,865	48.3	52.0	44.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	420	280	140	4.7	6.0	3.3
Commute to a different province or territory	45	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,140	6,360	4,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,370	5,935	4,435	93.1	93.3	92.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,880	5,740	4,145	88.7	90.3	86.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	490	200	290	4.4	3.1	6.1
Public transit	130	70	60	1.2	1.1	1.3
Walked	285	130	150	2.6	2.0	3.1
Bicycle	65	50	10	0.6	0.8	0.2
Other method	290	175	115	2.6	2.8	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,140	6,360	4,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,850	1,695	2,155	34.6	26.7	45.1
15 to 29 minutes	3,640	2,325	1,320	32.7	36.6	27.6
30 to 44 minutes	2,650	1,660	995	23.8	26.1	20.8
45 to 59 minutes	625	415	210	5.6	6.5	4.4
60 minutes and over	370	270	100	3.3	4.2	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,140	6,360	4,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,530	1,260	270	13.7	19.8	5.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,890	1,935	955	25.9	30.4	20.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,750	1,385	1,365	24.7	21.8	28.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,415	525	890	12.7	8.3	18.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	845	295	545	7.6	4.6	11.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,710	960	750	15.4	15.1	15.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,645	3,435	3,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	575	285	290	8.7	8.3	9.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,070	3,150	2,920	91.3	91.7	91.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,650	2,370	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	415	200	215	8.9	8.4	9.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190	90	105	4.1	3.8	4.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	225	110	110	4.8	4.6	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,240	2,165	2,070	91.2	91.4	90.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
^E
use with caution. Refer to the 2021 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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