Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cold Lake, City (CY)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,661	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,976^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,767	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,114	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	235.1	...	...	235.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	66.61	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,660	8,100	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,585	1,840	1,745	22.9	22.7	23.1
0 to 4 years	1,190	615	570	7.6	7.6	7.5
5 to 9 years	1,265	630	635	8.1	7.8	8.4
10 to 14 years	1,135	595	540	7.2	7.3	7.1
15 to 64 years	10,805	5,660	5,145	69.0	69.9	68.1
15 to 19 years	885	465	425	5.7	5.7	5.6
20 to 24 years	1,045	585	460	6.7	7.2	6.1
25 to 29 years	1,465	775	695	9.4	9.6	9.2
30 to 34 years	1,695	900	795	10.8	11.1	10.5
35 to 39 years	1,440	755	685	9.2	9.3	9.1
40 to 44 years	1,110	575	540	7.1	7.1	7.1
45 to 49 years	815	415	400	5.2	5.1	5.3
50 to 54 years	695	350	345	4.4	4.3	4.6
55 to 59 years	900	450	445	5.7	5.6	5.9
60 to 64 years	750	390	355	4.8	4.8	4.7
65 years and over	1,270	600	670	8.1	7.4	8.9
65 to 69 years	450	230	225	2.9	2.8	3.0
70 to 74 years	305	150	155	1.9	1.9	2.1
75 to 79 years	200	90	115	1.3	1.1	1.5
80 to 84 years	155	65	85	1.0	0.8	1.1
85 years and over	160	70	95	1.0	0.9	1.3
85 to 89 years	105	40	60	0.7	0.5	0.8
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
95 to 99 years	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.9	22.7	23.1	22.9	22.7	23.1
15 to 64 years	69.0	69.9	68.1	69.0	69.9	68.1
65 years and over	8.1	7.4	8.9	8.1	7.4	8.9
85 years and over	1.0	0.9	1.3	1.0	0.9	1.3
Average age of the population	33.9	33.5	34.3	33.9	33.5	34.3
Median age of the population	32.4	32.0	32.8	32.4	32.0	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,015	...	...	65.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	650	...	...	10.6	...	...
Row house	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	855	...	...	14.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	275	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,640	...	...	26.8	...	...
2 persons	2,025	...	...	33.1	...	...
3 persons	990	...	...	16.2	...	...
4 persons	905	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	555	...	...	9.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,075	6,260	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,250	3,615	3,630	60.0	57.7	62.4
Married	5,455	2,730	2,730	45.2	43.6	46.9
Living common-law	1,790	885	900	14.8	14.1	15.5
Living common law - Never married	1,485	735	750	12.3	11.7	12.9
Living common law - Separated	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	250	130	120	2.1	2.1	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	4,830	2,650	2,185	40.0	42.3	37.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,515	2,105	1,410	29.1	33.6	24.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	355	180	175	2.9	2.9	3.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	600	280	325	5.0	4.5	5.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	355	90	270	2.9	1.4	4.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,255	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,010	...	...	47.2	...	...
3 persons	935	...	...	22.0	...	...
4 persons	865	...	...	20.3	...	...
5 or more persons	450	...	...	10.6	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,545	...	...	83.4	...	...
Married couples	2,650	...	...	62.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,530	...	...	36.0	...	...
Without children	1,120	...	...	26.4	...	...
Common-law couples	890	...	...	20.9	...	...
With children⁶	390	...	...	9.2	...	...
Without children	510	...	...	12.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	710	...	...	16.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	525	...	...	12.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	185	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,695	6,310	6,380	82.7	79.8	85.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,090	3,520	3,565	46.2	44.5	47.9
Parents in one-parent families	710	185	525	4.6	2.3	7.1
Children⁶	4,900	2,605	2,290	31.9	33.0	30.8
In a two-parent family	3,695	1,950	1,745	24.1	24.7	23.5
In a one-parent family	1,200	655	545	7.8	8.3	7.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,650	1,595	1,060	17.3	20.2	14.2
Living alone	1,635	1,005	635	10.7	12.7	8.5
Living with other relatives⁷	335	155	175	2.2	2.0	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	680	430	250	4.4	5.4	3.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,815	...	...	62.4	...	...
Couple-family households	3,280	...	...	53.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,790	...	...	29.3	...	...
Without children	1,490	...	...	24.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	535	...	...	8.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	240	...	...	3.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	300	...	...	4.9	...	...
One-person households	1,635	...	...	26.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,775	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,235	5,810	5,430	95.4	95.6	95.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	73,000	39,600	54,800	73,000	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,250	5,815	5,435	95.5	95.7	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	61,200	36,400	48,000	61,200	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,365	5,530	4,835	88.0	91.0	84.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	72,500	33,200	52,400	72,500	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,315	5,080	4,235	79.1	83.6	74.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	72,000	34,000	53,200	72,000	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,520	4,720	4,800	80.8	77.7	84.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	1,380	8,500	5,320	1,380	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,300	515	785	11.0	8.5	13.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	6,040	5,760	5,960	6,040	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,960	1,220	1,730	25.1	20.1	30.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,780	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,220	5,760	5,460	95.2	94.8	95.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,100	81,800	47,400	65,100	81,800	47,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,245	5,780	5,465	95.5	95.1	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,750	65,800	41,000	53,750	65,800	41,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,365	5,460	4,905	88.0	89.9	86.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,350	80,400	42,200	62,350	80,400	42,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,320	5,010	4,310	79.1	82.5	75.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,400	78,000	42,200	61,400	78,000	42,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,535	4,675	4,855	80.9	77.0	85.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,790	6,830	10,670	8,790	6,830	10,670
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,315	470	845	11.2	7.7	14.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,550	7,760	7,440	7,550	7,760	7,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,860	1,150	1,705	24.3	18.9	29.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,830	8,520	9,050	8,830	8,520	9,050
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,780	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,930	3,080	1,850	41.9	50.7	32.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	78,500	58,400	74,000	78,500	58,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,500	93,500	64,200	82,500	93,500	64,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,345	1,435	1,910	28.4	23.6	33.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	43,200	19,800	25,600	43,200	19,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,840	57,000	26,920	39,840	57,000	26,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.6	93.2	80.0	88.6	93.2	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.4	82.8	70.2	78.4	82.8	70.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.5	6.8	20.0	11.5	6.8	20.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.8	2.4	1.4	0.8	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.9	2.3	6.8	3.9	2.3	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.1	6.0	3.5	2.1	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,775	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	540	265	270	4.6	4.4	4.7
With total income	11,240	5,805	5,430	95.5	95.6	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	770	225	545	6.9	3.9	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	800	265	530	7.1	4.6	9.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,215	430	785	10.8	7.4	14.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,290	410	880	11.5	7.1	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,100	400	700	9.8	6.9	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	990	455	535	8.8	7.8	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	930	530	395	8.3	9.1	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,175	840	335	10.5	14.5	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	640	450	185	5.7	7.8	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	510	340	165	4.5	5.9	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,820	1,450	370	16.2	25.0	6.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,115	830	285	9.9	14.3	5.2
$150,000 and over	705	620	85	6.3	10.7	1.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,775	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	530	260	265	4.5	4.3	4.6
With after-tax income	11,250	5,815	5,430	95.5	95.7	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	800	235	565	7.1	4.0	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	855	280	570	7.6	4.8	10.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,425	510	915	12.7	8.8	16.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,515	505	1,005	13.5	8.7	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,315	560	750	11.7	9.6	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,265	700	565	11.2	12.0	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,395	1,005	390	12.4	17.3	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	715	495	225	6.4	8.5	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	540	355	185	4.8	6.1	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	350	250	100	3.1	4.3	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,075	920	155	9.6	15.8	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	500	420	80	4.4	7.2	1.5
$125,000 and over	575	495	75	5.1	8.5	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,775	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,460	995	1,465	20.9	16.4	25.7
With employment income	9,320	5,080	4,240	79.2	83.6	74.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	810	310	500	8.7	6.1	11.8
$5,000 to $9,999	540	185	350	5.8	3.6	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	865	320	540	9.3	6.3	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	735	260	480	7.9	5.1	11.3
$30,000 to $39,999	805	280	525	8.6	5.5	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	645	260	390	6.9	5.1	9.2
$50,000 to $59,999	720	370	350	7.7	7.3	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	745	450	295	8.0	8.9	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,045	795	250	11.2	15.6	5.9
$80,000 to $89,999	545	405	145	5.8	8.0	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	420	285	140	4.5	5.6	3.3
$100,000 and over	1,440	1,165	275	15.5	22.9	6.5
$100,000 to $124,999	580	410	170	6.2	8.1	4.0
$125,000 and over	855	760	100	9.2	15.0	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,775	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,050	5,720	5,330	93.8	94.2	93.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,600	74,000	36,800	53,600	74,000	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,060	5,720	5,345	93.9	94.2	93.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	62,000	33,600	46,800	62,000	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,300	5,490	4,805	87.5	90.4	84.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	74,000	33,600	53,200	74,000	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,305	5,075	4,230	79.0	83.5	74.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,600	73,500	35,600	53,600	73,500	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,165	4,590	4,570	77.8	75.6	80.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,120	930	3,800	1,120	930	3,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,080	445	630	9.2	7.3	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450	5,520	7,300	6,450	5,520	7,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,780	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,005	5,670	5,335	93.4	93.3	93.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,950	81,900	44,800	63,950	81,900	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,015	5,670	5,345	93.5	93.3	93.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,650	65,800	38,680	52,650	65,800	38,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,265	5,400	4,865	87.1	88.9	85.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,350	82,200	42,360	63,350	82,200	42,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,235	4,965	4,270	78.4	81.7	74.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,900	79,700	43,440	62,900	79,700	43,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,140	4,580	4,560	77.6	75.4	80.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,845	4,448	7,250	5,845	4,448	7,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,195	495	700	10.1	8.1	12.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,760	6,360	8,740	7,760	6,360	8,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,780	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,895	3,050	1,845	41.6	50.2	32.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,000	79,000	55,600	73,000	79,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,700	91,700	59,700	79,700	91,700	59,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,150	1,380	1,770	26.7	22.7	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,200	57,200	27,600	33,200	57,200	27,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	47,480	65,700	33,240	47,480	65,700	33,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.4	95.6	86.2	92.4	95.6	86.2
Employment income (%)	82.6	85.2	77.6	82.6	85.2	77.6
Government transfers (%)	7.6	4.4	13.8	7.6	4.4	13.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.7	2.6	1.3	0.7	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,115	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,400	...	...	119,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,635	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,200	...	...	68,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,050	...	...	56,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,400	...	...	114,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	120	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	1.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	140	...	...	2.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	150	...	...	2.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	5.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	490	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	395	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	350	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,225	...	...	52.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	900	...	...	14.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	685	...	...	11.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	860	...	...	14.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	775	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	2.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	505	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	565	...	...	9.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	455	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	450	...	...	7.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,610	...	...	42.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	975	...	...	15.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	650	...	...	10.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	985	...	...	16.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	675	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,320	1,435	885	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,800	68,000	45,200	58,800	68,000	45,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,800	57,200	40,800	50,800	57,200	40,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,800	...	...	136,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...	113,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,800	...	...	127,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,100	...	...	106,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	161,600	...	...	161,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...	84,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,200	...	...	74,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,365	1,420	940	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,800	72,700	52,900	64,800	72,700	52,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,450	59,000	45,100	53,450	59,000	45,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,145	2,130	2,005	27.0	26.9	26.9
0 to 5 years	1,460	755	705	9.5	9.6	9.5
18 to 64 years	10,045	5,210	4,830	65.5	65.9	64.9
65 years and over	1,160	560	600	7.6	7.1	8.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,015	465	545	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	395	225	170	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	125	70	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	550	225	320	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	20	55	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	5.9	7.4	6.6	5.9	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	10.5	8.5	9.5	10.5	8.5
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	9.2	8.0	8.6	9.2	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	4.3	6.7	5.5	4.3	6.7
65 years and over (%)	6.2	3.2	9.2	6.2	3.2	9.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,140	2,135	2,010	27.0	27.0	27.0
0 to 5 years	1,455	750	705	9.5	9.5	9.5
18 to 64 years	10,045	5,215	4,830	65.5	66.0	64.9
65 years and over	1,160	555	605	7.6	7.0	8.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	145	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	50	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	220	95	125	...	...	...
65 years and over	10	5	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.1	1.8	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	1.8	2.6	2.2	1.8	2.6
65 years and over (%)	0.9	x	1.2	0.9	x	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,350	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,980	2,890	3,090	39.0	36.6	41.5
In bottom decile	970	460	510	6.3	5.8	6.9
In second decile	1,040	465	575	6.8	5.9	7.7
In third decile	1,150	560	590	7.5	7.1	7.9
In fourth decile	1,380	670	705	9.0	8.5	9.5
In fifth decile	1,435	730	705	9.3	9.2	9.5
In top half of the distribution	9,365	5,015	4,350	61.0	63.4	58.5
In sixth decile	1,655	840	810	10.8	10.6	10.9
In seventh decile	1,950	1,105	845	12.7	14.0	11.4
In eighth decile	1,800	950	855	11.7	12.0	11.5
In ninth decile	2,145	1,120	1,025	14.0	14.2	13.8
In top decile	1,820	1,005	815	11.9	12.7	11.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,345	...	...	15,345	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.290	...	...	0.290	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.367	...	...	0.367	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,550	8,050	7,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	13,610	7,050	6,565	87.5	87.6	87.5
French only	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
English and French	1,870	975	890	12.0	12.1	11.9
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,550	8,050	7,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,735	7,590	7,145	94.8	94.3	95.3
French	750	430	320	4.8	5.3	4.3
English and French	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,550	8,050	7,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,155	7,865	7,290	97.5	97.7	97.2
Official languages	14,035	7,310	6,720	90.3	90.8	89.6
English	13,280	6,880	6,405	85.4	85.5	85.4
French	755	435	320	4.9	5.4	4.3
Non-official languages	1,120	555	570	7.2	6.9	7.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	120	60	50	0.8	0.7	0.7
Algonquian languages	85	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	85	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	85	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	35	25	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,005	490	515	6.5	6.1	6.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arabic	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	430	195	230	2.8	2.4	3.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	40	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	345	155	185	2.2	1.9	2.5
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	395	210	190	2.5	2.6	2.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	45	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	20	30	0.4	0.2	0.4
German	55	20	30	0.4	0.2	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	75	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	120	75	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hindi	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Urdu	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	75	35	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	395	185	210	2.5	2.3	2.8
English and French	155	75	80	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	215	100	115	1.4	1.2	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,550	8,050	7,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,530	7,030	6,505	87.0	87.3	86.7
French	285	160	125	1.8	2.0	1.7
Non-official language	225	115	110	1.4	1.4	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	200	105	100	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	455	240	210	2.9	3.0	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,005	485	520	6.5	6.0	6.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,550	8,050	7,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,220	7,890	7,325	97.9	98.0	97.7
Official languages	14,705	7,630	7,080	94.6	94.8	94.4
English	14,330	7,420	6,910	92.2	92.2	92.1
French	375	205	170	2.4	2.5	2.3
Non-official languages	515	260	250	3.3	3.2	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	475	245	230	3.1	3.0	3.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	215	110	105	1.4	1.4	1.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	95	85	1.2	1.2	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	170	85	85	1.1	1.1	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	330	160	170	2.1	2.0	2.3
English and French	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	235	105	125	1.5	1.3	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,550	8,050	7,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,310	7,430	6,885	92.0	92.3	91.8
English	325	170	155	2.1	2.1	2.1
French	285	150	135	1.8	1.9	1.8
Non-official language	530	260	270	3.4	3.2	3.6
Indigenous³⁹	85	45	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Non-Indigenous	445	220	230	2.9	2.7	3.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,325	7,900	7,430	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	15,255	7,880	7,375	99.4	99.7	99.1
French	1,930	1,010	920	12.6	12.8	12.4
Non-official languages	1,625	745	885	10.6	9.4	11.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	195	75	120	1.3	0.9	1.6
Algonquian languages	115	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	115	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	115	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	40	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	85	25	60	0.6	0.3	0.8
Northern Athabaskan languages	85	25	60	0.6	0.3	0.8
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	85	25	60	0.6	0.3	0.8
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,435	670	765	9.4	8.5	10.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	40	55	0.7	0.5	0.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	40	55	0.7	0.5	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	565	250	315	3.7	3.2	4.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cebuano	65	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	555	245	310	3.6	3.1	4.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	595	285	310	3.9	3.6	4.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	125	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	50	70	0.8	0.6	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
German	70	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	90	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	160	90	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Hindi	110	65	50	0.7	0.8	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	50	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Urdu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	85	110	1.3	1.1	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	175	75	100	1.1	0.9	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese languages	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,330	1,125	1,205	15.2	14.2	16.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,235	1,060	1,170	14.6	13.4	15.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,310	615	700	8.5	7.8	9.4
Métis	910	445	465	5.9	5.6	6.3
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	70	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,015	6,780	6,240	84.8	85.8	83.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,100	525	575	7.2	6.6	7.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,245	7,380	6,865	92.8	93.4	92.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,910	...	...	63.9	...	...
Renter	2,205	...	...	36.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	540	...	...	8.8	...	...
Not condominium	5,570	...	...	91.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	335	...	...	5.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,305	...	...	21.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,010	...	...	32.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,450	...	...	40.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,200	...	...	19.6	...	...
5 rooms	970	...	...	15.9	...	...
6 rooms	890	...	...	14.6	...	...
7 rooms	1,040	...	...	17.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,015	...	...	33.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,035	...	...	98.7	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,930	...	...	97.0	...	...
Not suitable	185	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	595	...	...	9.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,290	...	...	21.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	900	...	...	14.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	710	...	...	11.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	580	...	...	9.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	740	...	...	12.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	950	...	...	15.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	345	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,840	...	...	95.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,160	...	...	51.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,770	...	...	45.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	360	...	...	5.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,735	...	...	28.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,405	...	...	23.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	845	...	...	13.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	995	...	...	16.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	480	...	...	7.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	195	...	...	3.2	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,115	...	...	83.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	985	...	...	16.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	920	...	...	15.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,350	...	...	22.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	900	...	...	14.7	...	...
Not suitable only	160	...	...	2.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	200	...	...	3.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,765	...	...	77.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	395	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not in core need	5,645	...	...	93.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,905	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	73.4	...	...	73.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,732	...	...	1,732	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	312,400	...	...	312,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,200	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.9	...	...	13.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.6	...	...	22.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.4	...	...	13.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,190	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,238	...	...	1,238	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,350	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,275	610	660	8.3	7.7	8.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,200	575	620	7.8	7.3	8.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	875	410	465	5.7	5.2	6.3
Métis single ancestry	310	170	135	2.0	2.2	1.8
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	75	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	75	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,240	630	605	8.1	8.0	8.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,185	600	580	7.7	7.6	7.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	680	325	360	4.4	4.1	4.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	495	275	225	3.2	3.5	3.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,835	6,660	6,175	83.6	84.3	83.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,715	7,615	7,100	95.9	96.3	95.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,105	2,125	1,985	26.8	26.9	26.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,605	5,485	5,120	69.1	69.4	68.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	635	290	340	4.1	3.7	4.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,830	7,185	6,645	90.1	90.9	89.3
Immigrants⁸¹	1,415	650	760	9.2	8.2	10.2
Before 1980	180	75	105	1.2	0.9	1.4
1980 to 1990	85	40	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
1991 to 2000	95	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
2001 to 2010	315	140	170	2.1	1.8	2.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	745	350	400	4.9	4.4	5.4
2011 to 2015	310	165	150	2.0	2.1	2.0
2016 to 2021	430	180	245	2.8	2.3	3.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	95	65	30	0.6	0.8	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,415	655	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	125	55	65	8.8	8.4	8.6
5 to 14 years	350	215	130	24.7	32.8	17.1
15 to 24 years	195	95	100	13.8	14.5	13.2
25 to 44 years	630	225	405	44.5	34.4	53.3
45 years and over	115	60	60	8.1	9.2	7.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,415	655	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	200	95	100	14.1	14.5	13.2
Brazil	15	10	0	1.1	1.5	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	70	40	25	4.9	6.1	3.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	20	50	4.9	3.1	6.6
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	20	2.8	3.1	2.6
Europe	340	135	210	24.0	20.6	27.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	40	10	40	2.8	1.5	5.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	15	10	1.4	2.3	1.3
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	0	10	1.4	0.0	1.3
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	175	75	100	12.4	11.5	13.2
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	30	3.2	2.3	3.9
Africa	65	35	35	4.6	5.3	4.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	20	25	3.5	3.1	3.3
Asia	795	385	405	56.2	58.8	53.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	35	20	15	2.5	3.1	2.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	20	10	2.5	3.1	1.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	540	235	300	38.2	35.9	39.5
Viet Nam	20	20	0	1.4	3.1	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	35	35	5.3	5.3	4.6
Pakistan	30	20	15	2.1	3.1	2.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	25	10	2.8	3.8	1.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	430	185	245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	20	45	15.1	10.8	18.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	20	10	5.8	10.8	4.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	3.5	0.0	6.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	20	4.7	0.0	8.2
Europe	20	15	10	4.7	8.1	4.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	3.5	8.1	0.0
Africa	15	0	10	3.5	0.0	4.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	3.5	0.0	4.1
Asia	325	150	180	75.6	81.1	73.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	15	15	7.0	8.1	6.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	0	3.5	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	245	110	140	57.0	59.5	57.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,710	860	850	11.1	10.9	11.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,605	850	750	10.5	10.8	10.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,030	6,200	5,840	78.4	78.4	78.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,235	580	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	755	400	355	61.1	69.0	54.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	275	155	115	22.3	26.7	17.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	475	245	235	38.5	42.2	35.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	430	145	290	34.8	25.0	44.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	40	15	4.5	6.9	2.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,235	580	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	2.0	1.7	2.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	375	145	230	30.4	25.0	35.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	25	3.2	2.6	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	15	2.0	1.7	2.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	770	395	375	62.3	68.1	57.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,545	805	740	10.1	10.2	9.9
South Asian	225	145	85	1.5	1.8	1.1
Chinese	55	35	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Black	205	115	85	1.3	1.5	1.1
Filipino	720	340	380	4.7	4.3	5.1
Arab	105	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
Latin American	90	55	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Southeast Asian	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	60	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,805	7,100	6,700	90.0	89.8	90.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,705	1,400	1,305	17.6	17.7	17.5
English	3,210	1,655	1,550	20.9	20.9	20.8
Irish	2,650	1,360	1,285	17.3	17.2	17.3
Scottish	2,535	1,285	1,250	16.5	16.3	16.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,015	990	1,030	13.1	12.5	13.8
German	2,330	1,175	1,155	15.2	14.9	15.5
Chinese	115	70	50	0.7	0.9	0.7
Italian	290	165	125	1.9	2.1	1.7
Indian (India)	135	80	55	0.9	1.0	0.7
Ukrainian	1,250	650	600	8.1	8.2	8.1
Dutch	520	255	270	3.4	3.2	3.6
Polish	655	395	260	4.3	5.0	3.5
Québécois	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	660	355	305	4.3	4.5	4.1
Filipino	660	295	360	4.3	3.7	4.8
French Canadian	275	155	125	1.8	2.0	1.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	370	200	170	2.4	2.5	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	545	285	260	3.6	3.6	3.5
Métis	930	510	420	6.1	6.5	5.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	235	125	110	1.5	1.6	1.5
Russian	195	85	110	1.3	1.1	1.5
Norwegian	485	250	235	3.2	3.2	3.2
Welsh	255	135	120	1.7	1.7	1.6
Portuguese	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
American	195	75	125	1.3	0.9	1.7
Spanish	90	30	55	0.6	0.4	0.7
Swedish	200	110	95	1.3	1.4	1.3
Hungarian	165	80	80	1.1	1.0	1.1
Acadian	135	80	60	0.9	1.0	0.8
Pakistani	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jewish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaican	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	475	245	230	3.1	3.1	3.1
Korean	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	110	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Lebanese	120	55	60	0.8	0.7	0.8
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Danish	95	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	295	115	180	1.9	1.5	2.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	100	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belgian	90	50	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Swiss	110	50	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
Finnish	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	70	25	40	0.5	0.3	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	105	50	55	0.7	0.6	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	60	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ojibway	45	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Newfoundlander	185	100	85	1.2	1.3	1.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Australian	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
New Brunswicker	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	180	80	100	1.2	1.0	1.3
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuban	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	170	70	100	1.1	0.9	1.3
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	80	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cape Bretoner	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,345	7,905	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Christian	7,215	3,545	3,675	47.0	44.8	49.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,175	585	590	7.7	7.4	7.9
Anabaptist	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anglican	515	230	285	3.4	2.9	3.8
Baptist	205	110	100	1.3	1.4	1.3
Catholic	3,740	1,905	1,830	24.4	24.1	24.6
Christian Orthodox	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	55	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	140	60	85	0.9	0.8	1.1
Lutheran	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	80	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	70	75	0.9	0.9	1.0
Presbyterian	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	520	250	265	3.4	3.2	3.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	415	170	245	2.7	2.2	3.3
Hindu	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	145	80	70	0.9	1.0	0.9
Sikh	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	85	50	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	210	80	130	1.4	1.0	1.7
No religion and secular perspectives	7,545	4,075	3,465	49.2	51.5	46.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,110	7,805	7,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,555	6,545	6,015	83.1	83.9	82.3
Movers	2,555	1,260	1,295	16.9	16.1	17.7
Non-migrants	1,560	760	800	10.3	9.7	11.0
Migrants	990	505	490	6.6	6.5	6.7
Internal migrants	975	490	480	6.5	6.3	6.6
Intraprovincial migrants	450	215	245	3.0	2.8	3.4
Interprovincial migrants	520	275	240	3.4	3.5	3.3
External migrants	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,165	7,330	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,090	3,750	3,330	50.1	51.2	48.8
Movers	7,080	3,580	3,500	50.0	48.8	51.2
Non-migrants	2,685	1,350	1,330	19.0	18.4	19.5
Migrants	4,395	2,225	2,170	31.0	30.4	31.8
Internal migrants	4,105	2,065	2,035	29.0	28.2	29.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,790	825	960	12.6	11.3	14.1
Interprovincial migrants	2,315	1,240	1,075	16.3	16.9	15.7
External migrants	290	155	135	2.0	2.1	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,780	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,995	1,085	915	16.9	17.9	16.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,780	4,990	4,790	83.0	82.1	84.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,770	4,485	4,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	920	510	410	10.5	11.4	9.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,845	3,975	3,870	89.5	88.6	90.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,775	6,075	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,790	935	855	15.2	15.4	15.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,580	1,930	1,655	30.4	31.8	29.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,405	3,210	3,195	54.4	52.8	56.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,560	2,485	2,070	38.7	40.9	36.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,395	1,175	225	11.8	19.3	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	495	360	135	4.2	5.9	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	905	815	90	7.7	13.4	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,990	1,235	1,760	25.4	20.3	30.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	75	90	1.4	1.2	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,850	720	1,125	15.7	11.9	19.7
Bachelor's degree	1,495	565	930	12.7	9.3	16.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	45	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Master's degree	225	105	125	1.9	1.7	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,770	4,485	4,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	800	415	390	9.1	9.3	9.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,520	1,400	1,120	28.7	31.2	26.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,450	2,675	2,775	62.1	59.6	64.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,805	2,060	1,745	43.4	45.9	40.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,105	945	160	12.6	21.1	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	375	275	95	4.3	6.1	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	730	670	60	8.3	14.9	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,565	1,055	1,510	29.2	23.5	35.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	60	75	1.6	1.3	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,645	610	1,030	18.8	13.6	24.0
Bachelor's degree	1,325	480	850	15.1	10.7	19.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	40	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Master's degree	195	85	115	2.2	1.9	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,775	6,075	5,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,370	2,865	2,505	45.6	47.2	43.9
Education	440	85	355	3.7	1.4	6.2
13. Education	440	85	355	3.7	1.4	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	40	55	0.8	0.7	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
Humanities	195	65	125	1.7	1.1	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
54. History	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	425	85	340	3.6	1.4	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	0	165	1.4	0.0	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	65	10	55	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	15	35	0.5	0.2	0.6
45. Social sciences	95	45	55	0.8	0.7	1.0
Business, management and public administration	1,090	235	860	9.3	3.9	15.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	25	80	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	990	210	780	8.4	3.5	13.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	85	90	1.5	1.4	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	75	55	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	80	40	1.0	1.3	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	65	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,200	2,025	175	18.7	33.3	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
14. Engineering	245	190	55	2.1	3.1	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	750	685	60	6.4	11.3	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	480	465	20	4.1	7.7	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	550	535	20	4.7	8.8	0.4
48. Precision production	145	135	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	30	55	0.7	0.5	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Health and related fields	980	120	855	8.3	2.0	15.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	25	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	935	95	845	7.9	1.6	14.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	325	235	4.8	5.3	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	200	45	160	1.7	0.7	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	45	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
43. Security and protective services	170	110	55	1.4	1.8	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	110	10	1.0	1.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,770	4,485	4,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,320	1,810	1,505	37.9	40.4	35.2
Education	385	75	320	4.4	1.7	7.5
13. Education	385	75	320	4.4	1.7	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	20	55	0.8	0.4	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	15	50	0.7	0.3	1.2
Humanities	160	55	105	1.8	1.2	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
54. History	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385	70	315	4.4	1.6	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	0	150	1.8	0.0	3.5
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0	55	0.6	0.0	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	10	35	0.6	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	85	40	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Business, management and public administration	960	190	770	10.9	4.2	18.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	20	70	1.1	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	870	170	700	9.9	3.8	16.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	70	75	1.7	1.6	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	50	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	70	35	1.1	1.6	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	65	15	0.9	1.4	0.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,860	1,710	150	21.2	38.1	3.5
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	225	175	55	2.6	3.9	1.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	625	565	60	7.1	12.6	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	410	400	10	4.7	8.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	460	445	15	5.2	9.9	0.4
48. Precision production	130	125	0	1.5	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	50	65	1.3	1.1	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	25	50	0.8	0.6	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Health and related fields	815	100	715	9.3	2.2	16.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	20	15	0.5	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	780	75	700	8.9	1.7	16.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	445	275	170	5.1	6.1	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	155	40	115	1.8	0.9	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	95	50	1.6	2.1	1.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	95	10	1.1	2.1	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,770	4,485	4,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,320	1,810	1,505	37.9	40.4	35.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,450	2,680	2,775	62.1	59.8	64.8
Location of study inside Canada	4,805	2,395	2,410	54.8	53.4	56.3
Same as province or territory of residence	2,615	1,280	1,335	29.8	28.5	31.2
Different than province or territory of residence	2,190	1,115	1,080	25.0	24.9	25.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	645	280	365	7.4	6.2	8.5
Americas	130	65	65	1.5	1.4	1.5
United States of America	70	35	35	0.8	0.8	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Brazil	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Europe	90	40	55	1.0	0.9	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Africa	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Asia	390	175	210	4.4	3.9	4.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	300	125	165	3.4	2.8	3.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	40	20	0.7	0.9	0.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Australia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,775	6,075	5,700	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,740	4,770	3,975	...	...	...
Employed	8,055	4,460	3,595	...	...	...
Unemployed	685	310	380	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,035	1,305	1,730	...	...	...
Participation rate	74.2	78.5	69.7	74.2	78.5	69.7
Employment rate	68.4	73.4	63.1	68.4	73.4	63.1
Unemployment rate	7.8	6.5	9.6	7.8	6.5	9.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,775	6,075	5,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,165	1,360	1,805	26.9	22.4	31.6
Worked	8,610	4,715	3,900	73.1	77.6	68.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,025	3,145	1,885	42.7	51.8	33.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,585	1,565	2,020	30.4	25.8	35.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	44.5	40.2	42.6	44.5	40.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,740	4,770	3,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	55	80	1.5	1.2	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,610	4,715	3,890	98.5	98.8	98.0
Employee	7,980	4,375	3,605	91.3	91.7	90.8
Permanent position	6,525	3,680	2,850	74.7	77.1	71.8
Temporary position	1,450	700	755	16.6	14.7	19.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	750	435	320	8.6	9.1	8.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	700	265	440	8.0	5.6	11.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	630	345	290	7.2	7.2	7.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,740	4,770	3,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	55	80	1.5	1.2	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,610	4,715	3,890	98.5	98.8	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	970	175	795	11.1	3.7	20.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	615	525	95	7.0	11.0	2.4
3 Health occupations	575	25	550	6.6	0.5	13.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,880	1,045	840	21.5	21.9	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	40	105	1.6	0.8	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	1,925	685	1,245	22.0	14.4	31.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,580	1,400	180	18.1	29.4	4.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	485	430	55	5.5	9.0	1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	420	390	35	4.8	8.2	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,740	4,770	3,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	55	80	1.5	1.2	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	8,610	4,715	3,890	98.5	98.8	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,120	975	140	12.8	20.4	3.5
22 Utilities	40	35	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
23 Construction	615	550	65	7.0	11.5	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	95	90	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
41 Wholesale trade	75	50	25	0.9	1.0	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	985	350	635	11.3	7.3	16.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	240	145	95	2.7	3.0	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	75	25	40	0.9	0.5	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	140	20	120	1.6	0.4	3.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	20	60	1.0	0.4	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	290	155	130	3.3	3.2	3.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	385	210	175	4.4	4.4	4.4
61 Educational services	535	120	410	6.1	2.5	10.3
62 Health care and social assistance	850	60	790	9.7	1.3	19.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	115	40	75	1.3	0.8	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	465	160	305	5.3	3.4	7.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	305	145	160	3.5	3.0	4.0
91 Public administration	2,185	1,545	640	25.0	32.4	16.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,275	5,015	4,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,755	4,735	4,025	94.4	94.4	94.5
French	45	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
English and French	395	245	150	4.3	4.9	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	60	20	45	0.6	0.4	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,275	5,015	4,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,230	5,000	4,230	99.5	99.7	99.3
Official languages	9,210	4,995	4,215	99.3	99.6	98.9
English	9,150	4,975	4,170	98.7	99.2	97.9
French	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.9
Non-official languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.7
English and French	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,275	5,015	4,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,860	4,770	4,090	95.5	95.1	96.0
English	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
French	360	235	130	3.9	4.7	3.1
Non-official language	45	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,055	4,460	3,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	545	210	330	6.8	4.7	9.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,730	1,330	395	21.5	29.8	11.0
Usual place of work	5,780	2,915	2,865	71.8	65.4	79.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,775	2,915	2,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,950	2,375	2,575	85.7	81.5	89.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	670	425	240	11.6	14.6	8.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	80	20	1.6	2.7	0.7
Commute to a different province or territory	60	40	25	1.0	1.4	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,505	4,245	3,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,920	3,950	2,965	92.2	93.1	90.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,330	3,660	2,665	84.3	86.2	81.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	590	290	300	7.9	6.8	9.2
Public transit	105	45	60	1.4	1.1	1.8
Walked	320	145	175	4.3	3.4	5.4
Bicycle	35	35	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Other method	125	60	65	1.7	1.4	2.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,505	4,245	3,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,900	1,850	2,045	52.0	43.6	62.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,920	1,070	850	25.6	25.2	26.0
30 to 44 minutes	860	655	205	11.5	15.4	6.3
45 to 59 minutes	360	270	90	4.8	6.4	2.8
60 minutes and over	465	395	75	6.2	9.3	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,505	4,245	3,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	840	705	135	11.2	16.6	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,885	1,360	520	25.1	32.0	15.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,015	1,090	925	26.8	25.7	28.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,355	480	875	18.1	11.3	26.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	600	175	420	8.0	4.1	12.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	810	430	380	10.8	10.1	11.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,205	2,165	2,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	560	275	285	13.3	12.7	14.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,645	1,895	1,750	86.7	87.5	86.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,925	1,510	1,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	395	190	210	13.5	12.6	14.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	270	130	140	9.2	8.6	9.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	60	70	4.3	4.0	4.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,525	1,315	1,205	86.3	87.1	85.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table