Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Slave Lake, Town (T)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts	Rates
	Total	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,836	...
Population, 2016¹	6,651	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.8	2.8
Total private dwellings²	2,681	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,405	...
Population density per square kilometre	477.7	477.7
Land area in square kilometres	14.31	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,835	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,605	23.5
0 to 4 years	520	7.6
5 to 9 years	560	8.2
10 to 14 years	530	7.8
15 to 64 years	4,615	67.5
15 to 19 years	445	6.5
20 to 24 years	420	6.1
25 to 29 years	515	7.5
30 to 34 years	555	8.1
35 to 39 years	585	8.6
40 to 44 years	530	7.8
45 to 49 years	420	6.1
50 to 54 years	415	6.1
55 to 59 years	380	5.6
60 to 64 years	340	5.0
65 years and over	620	9.1
65 to 69 years	245	3.6
70 to 74 years	165	2.4
75 to 79 years	90	1.3
80 to 84 years	60	0.9
85 years and over	65	1.0
85 to 89 years	40	0.6
90 to 94 years	15	0.2
95 to 99 years	10	0.1
100 years and over	5	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.5	23.5
15 to 64 years	67.5	67.5
65 years and over	9.1	9.1
85 years and over	1.0	1.0
Average age of the population	34.6	34.6
Median age of the population	34.0	34.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,405	100.0
Single-detached house	1,225	50.9
Semi-detached house	160	6.7
Row house	185	7.7
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	0.6
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	380	15.8
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	0.0
Other single-attached house	0	0.0
Movable dwelling⁴	435	18.1
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,405	100.0
1 person	525	21.8
2 persons	730	30.4
3 persons	440	18.3
4 persons	400	16.6
5 or more persons	310	12.9
Number of persons in private households	6,660	100.0
Average household size	2.8	2.8
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,230	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,005	57.5
Married	2,270	43.4
Living common-law	740	14.1
Living common law - Never married	600	11.5
Living common law - Separated	30	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	95	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	10	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	2,220	42.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,605	30.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	170	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	255	4.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	190	3.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,820	100.0
2 persons	805	44.2
3 persons	410	22.5
4 persons	390	21.4
5 or more persons	215	11.8
Average size of census families	3.1	3.1
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	1.9
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,825	100.0
Total couple families	1,455	79.7
Married couples	1,085	59.5
With children⁶	665	36.4
Without children	415	22.7
Common-law couples	365	20.0
With children⁶	185	10.1
Without children	185	10.1
Total one-parent families	365	20.0
in which the parent is a woman+	280	15.3
in which the parent is a man+	90	4.9
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,660	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	5,590	83.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,905	43.6
Parents in one-parent families	370	5.6
Children⁶	2,315	34.8
In a two-parent family	1,670	25.1
In a one-parent family	650	9.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,070	16.1
Living alone	520	7.8
Living with other relatives⁷	200	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	345	5.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,405	100.0
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,505	62.6
Couple-family households	1,255	52.2
With children⁶	750	31.2
Without children	505	21.0
One-parent-family households	250	10.4
Multigenerational households⁸	80	3.3
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	0.8
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	145	6.0
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	135	5.6
One-person households	520	21.6
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,055	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,820	95.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	50,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,820	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	46,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,415	87.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	47,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,100	81.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	47,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,125	81.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	590	11.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,605	31.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,985	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,690	94.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,750	59,750
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,690	94.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,920	50,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,305	86.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,650	55,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,965	79.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	55,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,965	79.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,230	10,230
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	565	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,600	32.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,540	8,540
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,985	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,010	40.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	69,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,300	73,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,480	29.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	25,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,240	38,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.6	85.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.6	78.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.5	14.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,055	100.0
Without total income	235	4.6
With total income	4,820	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	315	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	375	7.8
$20,000 to $29,999	605	12.6
$30,000 to $39,999	600	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	460	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	380	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	410	8.5
$70,000 to $79,999	390	8.1
$80,000 to $89,999	265	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	265	5.5
$100,000 and over	745	15.5
$100,000 to $149,999	585	12.1
$150,000 and over	160	3.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,055	100.0
Without after-tax income	235	4.6
With after-tax income	4,820	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	320	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	405	8.4
$20,000 to $29,999	675	14.0
$30,000 to $39,999	705	14.6
$40,000 to $49,999	515	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	550	11.4
$60,000 to $69,999	475	9.9
$70,000 to $79,999	345	7.2
$80,000 to $89,999	295	6.1
$90,000 to $99,999	185	3.8
$100,000 and over	340	7.1
$100,000 to $124,999	230	4.8
$125,000 and over	110	2.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,055	100.0
Without employment income	960	19.0
With employment income	4,095	81.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	385	9.4
$5,000 to $9,999	255	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	425	10.4
$20,000 to $29,999	370	9.0
$30,000 to $39,999	400	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	300	7.3
$50,000 to $59,999	300	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	315	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	295	7.2
$80,000 to $89,999	215	5.3
$90,000 to $99,999	240	5.9
$100,000 and over	615	15.0
$100,000 to $124,999	345	8.4
$125,000 and over	265	6.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,055	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,730	93.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	50,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,730	93.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	44,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,365	86.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	49,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,070	80.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,835	75.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,410	1,410
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	460	9.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,985	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,615	92.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,800	57,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,620	92.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,880	48,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,290	86.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,650	56,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,015	80.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,700	55,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,670	73.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,470	6,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	455	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,320	7,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,985	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,985	39.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	67,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,700	69,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,420	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,200	37,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	45,760	45,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.2	91.2
Employment income (%)	83.8	83.8
Government transfers (%)	8.9	8.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,405	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,000	111,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	95,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	520	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,000	62,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	52,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,880	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	126,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	108,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,405	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	116,500	116,500
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,300	99,300
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	535	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,600	67,600
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,200	57,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,875	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,400	130,400
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,300	111,300
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,405	100.0
Under $5,000	10	0.4
$5,000 to $9,999	5	0.2
$10,000 to $14,999	5	0.2
$15,000 to $19,999	20	0.8
$20,000 to $24,999	55	2.3
$25,000 to $29,999	50	2.1
$30,000 to $34,999	55	2.3
$35,000 to $39,999	50	2.1
$40,000 to $44,999	55	2.3
$45,000 to $49,999	55	2.3
$50,000 to $59,999	120	5.0
$60,000 to $69,999	130	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	150	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	150	6.2
$90,000 to $99,999	145	6.0
$100,000 and over	1,340	55.7
$100,000 to $124,999	335	13.9
$125,000 to $149,999	310	12.9
$150,000 to $199,999	425	17.7
$200,000 and over	265	11.0
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,405	100.0
Under $5,000	10	0.4
$5,000 to $9,999	10	0.4
$10,000 to $14,999	5	0.2
$15,000 to $19,999	20	0.8
$20,000 to $24,999	60	2.5
$25,000 to $29,999	55	2.3
$30,000 to $34,999	65	2.7
$35,000 to $39,999	50	2.1
$40,000 to $44,999	70	2.9
$45,000 to $49,999	70	2.9
$50,000 to $59,999	165	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	165	6.9
$70,000 to $79,999	185	7.7
$80,000 to $89,999	180	7.5
$90,000 to $99,999	170	7.1
$100,000 and over	1,125	46.8
$100,000 to $124,999	420	17.5
$125,000 to $149,999	315	13.1
$150,000 and over	390	16.2
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,795	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,000	122,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	105,000
Average family size of economic families	3.2	3.2
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	535	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	119,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	102,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	865	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	144,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	123,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	4.1
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	330	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	70,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	66,500
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.0	3.0
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	870	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	54,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,600	47,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,780	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	127,000
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,300	108,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	525	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,800	122,800
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	104,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	870	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	150,000
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,800	126,800
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	345	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	76,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,800	68,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	910	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,700	59,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,700	50,700
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,660	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,870	28.1
0 to 5 years	625	9.4
18 to 64 years	4,310	64.7
65 years and over	480	7.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	475	...
0 to 17 years	200	...
0 to 5 years	75	...
18 to 64 years	235	...
65 years and over	40	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.2	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	5.5
65 years and over (%)	8.0	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,660	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,870	28.1
0 to 5 years	630	9.5
18 to 64 years	4,310	64.7
65 years and over	485	7.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	175	...
0 to 17 years	70	...
0 to 5 years	25	...
18 to 64 years	100	...
65 years and over	5	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.8	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.3	2.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,660	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,765	41.5
In bottom decile	440	6.6
In second decile	515	7.7
In third decile	590	8.9
In fourth decile	580	8.7
In fifth decile	640	9.6
In top half of the distribution	3,895	58.5
In sixth decile	695	10.4
In seventh decile	835	12.5
In eighth decile	775	11.6
In ninth decile	840	12.6
In top decile	750	11.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,660	6,660
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.274	0.274
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.362	0.362
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.249	0.249
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	3.3
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,815	100.0
English only	6,550	96.1
French only	5	0.1
English and French	255	3.7
Neither English nor French	15	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,815	100.0
English	6,690	98.2
French	95	1.4
English and French	20	0.3
Neither English nor French	10	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,815	100.0
Single responses	6,535	95.9
Official languages	5,600	82.2
English	5,500	80.7
French	100	1.5
Non-official languages	935	13.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	110	1.6
Algonquian languages	110	1.6
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	110	1.6
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	110	1.6
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	20	0.3
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	35	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	0.8
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	5	0.1
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	830	12.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	1.1
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	1.0
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	70	1.0
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	435	6.4
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	0.1
Cebuano	5	0.1
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0.2
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	395	5.8
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	0.4
Kannada	5	0.1
Malayalam	10	0.1
Tamil	15	0.2
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	235	3.4
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	0.4
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	5	0.1
Russian	5	0.1
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0.1
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	5	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	1.1
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	30	0.4
German	30	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	0.7
Afrikaans	15	0.2
Dutch	5	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0.1
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	80	1.2
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0.1
Hindi	30	0.4
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	0.3
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	20	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0.1
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	5	0.1
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	0.7
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	5	0.1
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	5	0.1
Spanish	40	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	10	0.1
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	5	0.1
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	0.4
Chinese languages	30	0.4
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	20	0.3
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0.1
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	5	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	280	4.1
English and French	25	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	230	3.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,815	100.0
English	5,665	83.1
French	10	0.1
Non-official language	170	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0.1
Non-Indigenous	160	2.3
English and French	40	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	890	13.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	15	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,815	100.0
Single responses	6,650	97.6
Official languages	6,105	89.6
English	6,080	89.2
French	20	0.3
Non-official languages	545	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	0.6
Algonquian languages	40	0.6
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	40	0.6
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	40	0.6
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.	25	0.4
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	505	7.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	0.7
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	0.7
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	45	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	275	4.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0.1
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	3.7
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	0.4
Kannada	5	0.1
Malayalam	5	0.1
Tamil	10	0.1
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	1.8
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0.1
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	0.5
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	10	0.1
German	10	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	0.4
Afrikaans	10	0.1
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	45	0.7
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	15	0.2
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0.2
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	10	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0.1
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	10	0.1
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	0.4
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	25	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0.3
Chinese languages	20	0.3
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0.2
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	170	2.5
English and French	20	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	145	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,815	100.0
None	5,990	87.9
English	335	4.9
French	20	0.3
Non-official language	400	5.9
Indigenous³⁹	85	1.2
Non-Indigenous	310	4.5
English and French	5	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	30	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,660	100.0
Official languages	6,650	99.8
English	6,645	99.8
French	240	3.6
Non-official languages	1,455	21.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	280	4.2
Algonquian languages	280	4.2
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	280	4.2
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	280	4.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	70	1.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	35	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.	155	2.3
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,170	17.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	2.2
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	145	2.2
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	145	2.2
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	555	8.3
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0.2
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	555	8.3
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	15	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	0.5
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	20	0.3
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	350	5.3
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	0.9
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	0.5
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	0.8
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	35	0.5
German	35	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	155	2.3
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	95	1.4
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	0.4
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	40	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	1.1
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	15	0.2
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	60	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	15	0.2
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	15	0.2
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0.2
American Sign Language	15	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	0.5
Chinese languages	30	0.5
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0.2
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0.3
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	10	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,660	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,780	26.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,745	26.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,055	15.8
Métis	690	10.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	4,880	73.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,660	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	985	14.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,675	85.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,405	100.0
Owner	1,580	65.7
Renter	825	34.3
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	0.0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,405	100.0
Condominium	300	12.5
Not condominium	2,100	87.3
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,405	100.0
No bedrooms	0	0.0
1 bedroom	190	7.9
2 bedrooms	350	14.6
3 bedrooms	945	39.3
4 or more bedrooms	920	38.3
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,405	100.0
1 to 4 rooms	505	21.0
5 rooms	500	20.8
6 rooms	355	14.8
7 rooms	340	14.1
8 or more rooms	710	29.5
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	6.3
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,405	100.0
One person or fewer per room	2,325	96.7
More than one person per room	80	3.3
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,405	100.0
Suitable	2,250	93.6
Not suitable	155	6.4
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,405	100.0
1960 or before	30	1.2
1961 to 1980	670	27.9
1981 to 1990	315	13.1
1991 to 2000	355	14.8
2001 to 2005	165	6.9
2006 to 2010	225	9.4
2011 to 2015	535	22.2
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	105	4.4
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,405	100.0
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,250	93.6
Major repairs needed	160	6.7
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,405	100.0
One-maintainer household	1,200	49.9
Two-maintainer household	1,035	43.0
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	6.9
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,405	100.0
15 to 24 years	135	5.6
25 to 34 years	495	20.6
35 to 44 years	615	25.6
45 to 54 years	420	17.5
55 to 64 years	465	19.3
65 to 74 years	190	7.9
75 to 84 years	70	2.9
85 years and over	15	0.6
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,395	100.0
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,920	80.2
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	480	20.0
30% to less than 100%	470	19.6
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,405	100.0
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	740	30.8
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	435	18.1
Not suitable only	125	5.2
Major repairs needed only	125	5.2
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	1.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	1.0
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	0.4
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
Acceptable housing	1,670	69.4
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,390	100.0
In core need	195	8.2
Not in core need	2,190	91.6
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,585	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.4	75.4
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	14.3
% in core housing need⁶³	3.8	3.8
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,820	1,820
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,764	1,764
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	320,000	320,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	325,200	325,200
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	825	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	17.6	17.6
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.9	30.9
% in core housing need⁶³	16.4	16.4
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,430	1,430
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,432	1,432
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,660	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,020	15.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	965	14.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	795	11.9
Métis single ancestry	170	2.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	50	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	770	11.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	740	11.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	505	7.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	235	3.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,870	73.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,660	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,000	90.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,840	27.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,160	62.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	665	10.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,660	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,560	83.5
Immigrants⁸¹	955	14.3
Before 1980	45	0.7
1980 to 1990	35	0.5
1991 to 2000	55	0.8
2001 to 2010	160	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	655	9.8
2011 to 2015	305	4.6
2016 to 2021	350	5.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	140	2.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	955	100.0
Under 5 years	65	6.8
5 to 14 years	185	19.4
15 to 24 years	150	15.7
25 to 44 years	485	50.8
45 years and over	70	7.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	955	100.0
Americas	115	12.0
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0.0
Guyana	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	30	3.1
Mexico	25	2.6
Peru	0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0.0
United States of America	60	6.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	60	6.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Croatia	0	0.0
France	0	0.0
Germany	10	1.0
Greece	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Portugal	0	0.0
Romania	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	3.1
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	50	5.2
Algeria	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	3.1
Asia	725	75.9
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Lebanon	40	4.2
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	1.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Philippines	515	53.9
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
India	60	6.3
Pakistan	40	4.2
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	5.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	355	100.0
Americas	50	14.1
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	15	4.2
Mexico	0	0.0
United States of America	25	7.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	0	0.0
France	0	0.0
Germany	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	0	0.0
Algeria	0	0.0
Burundi	0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0.0
Asia	300	84.5
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
India	35	9.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Jordan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Nepal	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Philippines	220	62.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	2.8
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,660	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,135	17.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	705	10.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,820	72.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	910	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	680	74.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	265	29.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	415	45.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	205	22.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	2.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	910	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	1.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	305	33.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	7.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	3.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	1.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	53.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,660	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,290	19.4
South Asian	215	3.2
Chinese	20	0.3
Black	90	1.4
Filipino	715	10.7
Arab	185	2.8
Latin American	15	0.2
Southeast Asian	15	0.2
West Asian	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Japanese	10	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,370	80.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,660	100.0
Canadian	795	11.9
English	1,165	17.5
Irish	800	12.0
Scottish	920	13.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	810	12.2
German	920	13.8
Chinese	45	0.7
Italian	55	0.8
Indian (India)	115	1.7
Ukrainian	460	6.9
Dutch	165	2.5
Polish	150	2.3
Québécois	10	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	1.4
Filipino	560	8.4
French Canadian	75	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	135	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	440	6.6
Métis	485	7.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	125	1.9
Russian	80	1.2
Norwegian	195	2.9
Welsh	140	2.1
Portuguese	35	0.5
American	125	1.9
Spanish	45	0.7
Swedish	125	1.9
Hungarian	90	1.4
Acadian	15	0.2
Pakistani	35	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	0.5
Jewish	10	0.2
Punjabi	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	0.5
Greek	0	0.0
Jamaican	30	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	85	1.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	505	7.6
Korean	0	0.0
Romanian	10	0.2
Lebanese	100	1.5
Iranian	0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	0.4
Danish	60	0.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	330	5.0
Sikh	0	0.0
Austrian	20	0.3
Belgian	75	1.1
Haitian	0	0.0
Hindu	35	0.5
Mexican	75	1.1
Mennonite	30	0.5
Swiss	10	0.2
Finnish	25	0.4
Sri Lankan	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Japanese	10	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	65	1.0
Muslim	20	0.3
Egyptian	0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Icelandic	35	0.5
Colombian	0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0.0
Czech	45	0.7
Syrian	0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0.0
Afghan	0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Ojibway	10	0.2
Newfoundlander	35	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0.0
Persian	0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0.0
Turkish	10	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0.0
Algerian	0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Slovak	20	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0.2
Somali	0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	40	0.6
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0.2
South African	0	0.0
Australian	0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0.0
Chilean	0	0.0
Congolese	0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0.0
Berber	0	0.0
Albanian	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0.0
Israeli	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Albertan	110	1.7
Ghanaian	0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0.0
African American	0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0.0
Cuban	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Laotian	0	0.0
Ilocano	40	0.6
Northern Irish	0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Jatt	0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Thai	10	0.2
Dominican	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0.0
Breton	0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	30	0.5
Buddhist	0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0.0
Norman	0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0.0
Burundian	0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0.0
Malayali	0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0.0
Mayan	0	0.0
Honduran	0	0.0
Cherokee	20	0.3
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0.0
Flemish	0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Goan	0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Azorean	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0.0
Central African	0	0.0
Libyan	0	0.0
Basque	0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0.0
Igorot	0	0.0
Fulani	0	0.0
Woodland Cree	25	0.4
Guinean	0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0.0
Beninese	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Roma	0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0.0
Karen	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Tajik	0	0.0
Amhara	0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,660	100.0
Buddhist	20	0.3
Christian	3,235	48.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	795	11.9
Anabaptist	0	0.0
Anglican	185	2.8
Baptist	45	0.7
Catholic	1,385	20.8
Christian Orthodox	35	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	15	0.2
Latter Day Saints	105	1.6
Lutheran	65	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	260	3.9
Presbyterian	0	0.0
Reformed	0	0.0
United Church	140	2.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	180	2.7
Hindu	80	1.2
Jewish	0	0.0
Muslim	255	3.8
Sikh	35	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	2,970	44.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,565	100.0
Non-movers	5,335	81.3
Movers	1,230	18.7
Non-migrants	780	11.9
Migrants	450	6.9
Internal migrants	415	6.3
Intraprovincial migrants	305	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	105	1.6
External migrants	40	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,125	100.0
Non-movers	2,990	48.8
Movers	3,135	51.2
Non-migrants	1,430	23.3
Migrants	1,700	27.8
Internal migrants	1,450	23.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,070	17.5
Interprovincial migrants	370	6.0
External migrants	255	4.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,985	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,150	23.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,830	76.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,680	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	620	16.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,060	83.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,985	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,080	21.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,520	30.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,385	47.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,540	30.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	480	9.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	110	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	365	7.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	910	18.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	845	17.0
Bachelor's degree	630	12.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0.0
Master's degree	145	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,680	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	565	15.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,040	28.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,080	56.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,310	35.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	370	10.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	90	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	280	7.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	795	21.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	775	21.1
Bachelor's degree	575	15.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0.3
Master's degree	140	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,980	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,605	52.3
Education	245	4.9
13. Education	245	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0.6
Humanities	85	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	0.5
54. History	20	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	185	3.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0.7
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0.0
42. Psychology	35	0.7
45. Social sciences	55	1.1
Business, management and public administration	505	10.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	8.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	1.3
25. Library science	0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	630	12.7
04. Architecture and related services	10	0.2
14. Engineering	25	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170	3.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	150	3.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	3.8
48. Precision production	80	1.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	1.5
Health and related fields	305	6.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	290	5.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	1.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	1.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,680	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,595	43.3
Education	210	5.7
13. Education	210	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0.7
Humanities	75	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	0.7
54. History	10	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	4.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0.8
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0.0
42. Psychology	30	0.8
45. Social sciences	55	1.5
Business, management and public administration	455	12.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	400	10.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	1.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	1.5
25. Library science	0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	530	14.4
04. Architecture and related services	10	0.3
14. Engineering	25	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	4.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	115	3.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	4.3
48. Precision production	65	1.8
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	1.9
Health and related fields	265	7.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	250	6.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	1.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	1.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,680	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,595	43.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,080	56.5
Location of study inside Canada	1,590	43.2
Same as province or territory of residence	1,140	31.0
Different than province or territory of residence	450	12.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	495	13.5
Americas	80	2.2
United States of America	60	1.6
Mexico	10	0.3
Cuba	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0.3
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Peru	0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	40	1.1
Belgium	0	0.0
France	0	0.0
Germany	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Romania	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	35	1.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Algeria	0	0.0
Morocco	15	0.4
Tunisia	20	0.5
Egypt	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0.0
Asia	340	9.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Philippines	225	6.1
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
India	60	1.6
Pakistan	15	0.4
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,985	...
In the labour force	3,755	...
Employed	3,400	...
Unemployed	360	...
Not in the labour force	1,225	...
Participation rate	75.3	75.3
Employment rate	68.2	68.2
Unemployment rate	9.6	9.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,985	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,375	27.6
Worked	3,610	72.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,050	41.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,555	31.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,760	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	3.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,635	96.7
Employee	3,225	85.8
Permanent position	2,810	74.7
Temporary position	415	11.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	185	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	230	6.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	410	10.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,760	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	3.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,635	96.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55	1.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	475	12.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170	4.5
3 Health occupations	220	5.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	410	10.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	0.9
6 Sales and service occupations	1,025	27.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	745	19.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	180	4.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	315	8.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,760	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	3.2
All industries¹⁹¹	3,635	96.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	2.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	255	6.8
22 Utilities	40	1.1
23 Construction	175	4.7
31-33 Manufacturing	565	15.0
41 Wholesale trade	40	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	525	14.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165	4.4
51 Information and cultural industries	30	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	50	1.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	105	2.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	2.5
61 Educational services	285	7.6
62 Health care and social assistance	400	10.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	380	10.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	145	3.9
91 Public administration	200	5.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,950	100.0
English	3,865	97.8
French	0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0.0
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,950	100.0
Single responses	3,925	99.4
Official languages	3,920	99.2
English	3,915	99.1
French	0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0.0
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0.0
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0.0
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	0.6
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,950	100.0
None	3,895	98.6
English	0	0.0
French	0	0.0
Non-official language	45	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	10	0.3
Non-Indigenous	35	0.9
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,400	100.0
Worked at home	240	7.1
Worked outside Canada	0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	505	14.9
Usual place of work	2,655	78.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,650	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,470	93.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	90	3.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	3.0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,160	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,805	88.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,575	81.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	230	7.3
Public transit	10	0.3
Walked	280	8.9
Bicycle	15	0.5
Other method	45	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,160	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,080	65.8
15 to 29 minutes	730	23.1
30 to 44 minutes	115	3.6
45 to 59 minutes	75	2.4
60 minutes and over	155	4.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,160	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	220	7.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675	21.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	835	26.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	570	18.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	330	10.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	520	16.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,905	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	5.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,810	95.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,350	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	4.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	3.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,285	95.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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