Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Grande Prairie, City (CY)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	64,141	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	63,166^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	27,551	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	24,816	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	483.3	...	...	483.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	132.71	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	64,140	32,415	31,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13,970	7,120	6,855	21.8	22.0	21.6
0 to 4 years	4,680	2,360	2,320	7.3	7.3	7.3
5 to 9 years	4,790	2,450	2,335	7.5	7.6	7.4
10 to 14 years	4,505	2,305	2,200	7.0	7.1	6.9
15 to 64 years	44,245	22,645	21,605	69.0	69.9	68.1
15 to 19 years	3,805	1,930	1,875	5.9	6.0	5.9
20 to 24 years	4,115	2,105	2,005	6.4	6.5	6.3
25 to 29 years	5,335	2,795	2,540	8.3	8.6	8.0
30 to 34 years	6,045	3,105	2,940	9.4	9.6	9.3
35 to 39 years	6,080	3,115	2,970	9.5	9.6	9.4
40 to 44 years	4,865	2,505	2,360	7.6	7.7	7.4
45 to 49 years	4,150	2,170	1,980	6.5	6.7	6.2
50 to 54 years	3,340	1,665	1,675	5.2	5.1	5.3
55 to 59 years	3,480	1,720	1,760	5.4	5.3	5.5
60 to 64 years	3,045	1,545	1,500	4.7	4.8	4.7
65 years and over	5,920	2,655	3,265	9.2	8.2	10.3
65 to 69 years	2,295	1,125	1,165	3.6	3.5	3.7
70 to 74 years	1,405	655	750	2.2	2.0	2.4
75 to 79 years	895	390	510	1.4	1.2	1.6
80 to 84 years	605	255	350	0.9	0.8	1.1
85 years and over	720	225	495	1.1	0.7	1.6
85 to 89 years	420	140	290	0.7	0.4	0.9
90 to 94 years	210	70	145	0.3	0.2	0.5
95 to 99 years	75	20	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.8	22.0	21.6	21.8	22.0	21.6
15 to 64 years	69.0	69.9	68.1	69.0	69.9	68.1
65 years and over	9.2	8.2	10.3	9.2	8.2	10.3
85 years and over	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.1	0.7	1.6
Average age of the population	35.0	34.4	35.5	35.0	34.4	35.5
Median age of the population	34.0	33.6	34.4	34.0	33.6	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	15,280	...	...	61.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,760	...	...	7.1	...	...
Row house	1,085	...	...	4.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,110	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,580	...	...	18.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	160	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	835	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	24,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	6,505	...	...	26.2	...	...
2 persons	7,920	...	...	31.9	...	...
3 persons	4,195	...	...	16.9	...	...
4 persons	3,850	...	...	15.5	...	...
5 or more persons	2,340	...	...	9.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	50,170	25,300	24,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	28,580	14,345	14,230	57.0	56.7	57.2
Married	21,280	10,685	10,590	42.4	42.2	42.6
Living common-law	7,300	3,655	3,645	14.6	14.4	14.7
Living common law - Never married	5,755	2,910	2,845	11.5	11.5	11.4
Living common law - Separated	325	165	160	0.6	0.7	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	1,150	555	600	2.3	2.2	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	21,590	10,955	10,640	43.0	43.3	42.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	14,980	8,640	6,340	29.9	34.2	25.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,560	660	900	3.1	2.6	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,180	1,295	1,885	6.3	5.1	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,870	360	1,510	3.7	1.4	6.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	17,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,970	...	...	46.5	...	...
3 persons	3,840	...	...	22.4	...	...
4 persons	3,585	...	...	20.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,740	...	...	10.2	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	17,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,950	...	...	81.4	...	...
Married couples	10,295	...	...	60.1	...	...
With children⁶	6,135	...	...	35.8	...	...
Without children	4,160	...	...	24.3	...	...
Common-law couples	3,650	...	...	21.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,670	...	...	9.7	...	...
Without children	1,980	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,185	...	...	18.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,375	...	...	13.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	810	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	51,130	25,285	25,845	80.9	79.1	82.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	27,895	13,940	13,955	44.2	43.6	44.7
Parents in one-parent families	3,185	810	2,375	5.0	2.5	7.6
Children⁶	20,050	10,535	9,520	31.7	32.9	30.5
In a two-parent family	14,955	7,765	7,185	23.7	24.3	23.0
In a one-parent family	5,100	2,770	2,330	8.1	8.7	7.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,045	6,695	5,355	19.1	20.9	17.2
Living alone	6,510	3,420	3,090	10.3	10.7	9.9
Living with other relatives⁷	1,620	850	770	2.6	2.7	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	3,920	2,425	1,495	6.2	7.6	4.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,800	...	...	59.6	...	...
Couple-family households	12,485	...	...	50.3	...	...
With children⁶	7,075	...	...	28.5	...	...
Without children	5,410	...	...	21.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,310	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	520	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	135	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,260	...	...	5.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,595	...	...	6.4	...	...
One-person households	6,510	...	...	26.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	49,225	24,875	24,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,010	23,765	23,240	95.5	95.5	95.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	65,000	39,200	49,600	65,000	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,055	23,795	23,260	95.6	95.7	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	55,200	36,000	44,000	55,200	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	43,105	22,415	20,685	87.6	90.1	84.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	62,000	31,800	45,600	62,000	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,855	20,570	18,285	78.9	82.7	75.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	62,800	33,200	46,400	62,800	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40,825	19,880	20,945	82.9	79.9	86.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	5,440	9,200	7,600	5,440	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,875	3,300	3,575	14.0	13.3	14.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,640	6,000	6,000	5,640	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,390	8,080	8,305	33.3	32.5	34.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,120	23,825	23,300	95.7	95.8	95.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,650	72,500	46,520	59,650	72,500	46,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,200	23,875	23,325	95.9	96.0	95.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,960	59,000	40,720	49,960	59,000	40,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	43,235	22,430	20,810	87.8	90.2	85.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,350	69,000	40,640	55,350	69,000	40,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,860	20,395	18,460	78.9	82.0	75.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,100	68,100	40,800	55,100	68,100	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,085	20,270	20,810	83.5	81.5	85.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,160	8,860	11,430	10,160	8,860	11,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,935	3,310	3,630	14.1	13.3	14.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,090	6,225	7,870	7,090	6,225	7,870
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,290	8,200	8,090	33.1	33.0	33.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,070	8,930	9,210	9,070	8,930	9,210
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	17,425	9,920	7,510	35.4	39.9	30.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	85,000	57,200	72,000	85,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,900	90,800	63,150	78,900	90,800	63,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	17,160	8,500	8,660	34.9	34.2	35.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	36,800	19,400	25,600	36,800	19,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,280	48,040	26,720	37,280	48,040	26,720
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.2	89.6	78.0	85.2	89.6	78.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.2	80.4	69.6	76.2	80.4	69.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.8	10.4	22.0	14.8	10.4	22.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.2	2.6	1.8	1.2	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	4.5	7.8	5.8	4.5	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.3	4.2	6.9	5.3	4.2	6.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,220	1,105	1,110	4.5	4.4	4.6
With total income	47,010	23,765	23,245	95.5	95.6	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,325	1,220	2,105	7.1	5.1	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,490	1,175	2,315	7.4	4.9	10.0
$20,000 to $29,999	6,205	2,355	3,855	13.2	9.9	16.6
$30,000 to $39,999	5,805	2,210	3,595	12.3	9.3	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	4,905	1,995	2,910	10.4	8.4	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	4,360	2,010	2,345	9.3	8.5	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	3,730	1,925	1,805	7.9	8.1	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	3,015	1,760	1,255	6.4	7.4	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	2,540	1,665	875	5.4	7.0	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	2,310	1,600	710	4.9	6.7	3.1
$100,000 and over	7,320	5,850	1,470	15.6	24.6	6.3
$100,000 to $149,999	5,480	4,230	1,250	11.7	17.8	5.4
$150,000 and over	1,835	1,620	220	3.9	6.8	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,170	1,075	1,090	4.4	4.3	4.5
With after-tax income	47,055	23,795	23,260	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,460	1,280	2,180	7.4	5.4	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	3,650	1,245	2,400	7.8	5.2	10.3
$20,000 to $29,999	7,155	2,745	4,410	15.2	11.5	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	6,765	2,630	4,135	14.4	11.1	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	5,900	2,665	3,240	12.5	11.2	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	5,030	2,560	2,470	10.7	10.8	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	4,090	2,435	1,650	8.7	10.2	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	3,180	2,160	1,025	6.8	9.1	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	2,585	1,830	760	5.5	7.7	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	1,775	1,350	425	3.8	5.7	1.8
$100,000 and over	3,475	2,900	575	7.4	12.2	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	2,185	1,785	400	4.6	7.5	1.7
$125,000 and over	1,290	1,120	170	2.7	4.7	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,365	4,300	6,070	21.1	17.3	24.9
With employment income	38,860	20,575	18,285	78.9	82.7	75.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,685	1,470	2,220	9.5	7.1	12.1
$5,000 to $9,999	2,525	960	1,565	6.5	4.7	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	4,245	1,575	2,670	10.9	7.7	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,535	1,410	2,125	9.1	6.9	11.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,395	1,525	1,870	8.7	7.4	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,190	1,420	1,770	8.2	6.9	9.7
$50,000 to $59,999	3,110	1,545	1,560	8.0	7.5	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,770	1,495	1,275	7.1	7.3	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,390	1,490	895	6.2	7.2	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	2,030	1,420	615	5.2	6.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	2,005	1,345	655	5.2	6.5	3.6
$100,000 and over	5,965	4,920	1,050	15.3	23.9	5.7
$100,000 to $124,999	3,110	2,405	705	8.0	11.7	3.9
$125,000 and over	2,855	2,510	345	7.3	12.2	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	49,225	24,875	24,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,385	23,390	22,990	94.2	94.0	94.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	69,500	37,600	50,000	69,500	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,385	23,395	22,995	94.2	94.1	94.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	58,800	34,400	44,400	58,800	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,995	22,325	20,670	87.3	89.7	84.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	70,000	35,200	49,600	70,000	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,140	20,670	18,480	79.5	83.1	75.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	70,500	36,400	50,800	70,500	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,245	18,730	19,525	77.7	75.3	80.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,130	960	3,560	1,130	960	3,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,205	1,850	2,360	8.5	7.4	9.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	4,520	7,250	5,800	4,520	7,250
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,505	23,490	23,015	94.5	94.5	94.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,050	76,900	44,880	61,050	76,900	44,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,505	23,490	23,015	94.5	94.5	94.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,480	61,850	38,880	50,480	61,850	38,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	43,165	22,335	20,830	87.7	89.8	85.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,500	77,000	42,760	60,500	77,000	42,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,235	20,625	18,600	79.7	82.9	76.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,100	75,600	42,960	60,100	75,600	42,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,350	19,025	19,325	77.9	76.5	79.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,970	4,564	7,350	5,970	4,564	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,165	1,800	2,365	8.5	7.2	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,400	9,220	8,000	6,400	9,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	17,275	9,850	7,425	35.1	39.6	30.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,000	88,000	55,600	71,000	88,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,400	93,500	60,750	79,400	93,500	60,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	16,430	8,200	8,230	33.4	33.0	33.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,800	54,400	27,400	36,800	54,400	27,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	48,640	64,100	33,200	48,640	64,100	33,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	95.2	86.2	92.0	95.2	86.2
Employment income (%)	83.0	86.2	77.4	83.0	86.2	77.4
Government transfers (%)	8.1	4.8	13.8	8.1	4.8	13.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.6	2.1	1.2	0.6	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	24,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	6,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	18,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	24,815	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,600	...	...	60,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	51,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	18,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,700	...	...	110,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	0.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	660	...	...	2.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	645	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	635	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	680	...	...	2.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	685	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	680	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,400	...	...	5.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,530	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,545	...	...	6.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,485	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,460	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,740	...	...	51.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,460	...	...	13.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,985	...	...	12.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,735	...	...	15.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,565	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	225	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	705	...	...	2.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	715	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	760	...	...	3.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	770	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	825	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	820	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,805	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,855	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,910	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,840	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,845	...	...	7.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,260	...	...	41.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,930	...	...	15.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,830	...	...	11.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,500	...	...	14.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	17,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10,430	5,845	4,585	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	56,000	41,200	48,800	56,000	41,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	48,400	37,600	43,200	48,400	37,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	17,055	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,200	...	...	130,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,100	...	...	122,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,800	...	...	153,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,900	...	...	127,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,925	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...	85,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,430	5,930	4,495	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,400	62,350	48,480	56,400	62,350	48,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,840	51,800	42,600	47,840	51,800	42,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	63,175	31,980	31,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,285	8,280	8,000	25.8	25.9	25.6
0 to 5 years	5,660	2,850	2,815	9.0	8.9	9.0
18 to 64 years	41,620	21,275	20,345	65.9	66.5	65.2
65 years and over	5,275	2,425	2,850	8.3	7.6	9.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,715	2,145	2,565	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,555	790	765	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	565	285	275	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,580	1,180	1,400	...	...	...
65 years and over	575	180	405	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.5	6.7	8.2	7.5	6.7	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	9.5	9.6	9.6	9.5	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	9.9	10.0	10.0	9.9
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	5.6	6.9	6.2	5.6	6.9
65 years and over (%)	11.0	7.3	14.1	11.0	7.3	14.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,280	8,285	8,000	25.8	25.9	25.6
0 to 5 years	5,660	2,845	2,815	9.0	8.9	9.0
18 to 64 years	41,620	21,275	20,345	65.9	66.5	65.2
65 years and over	5,270	2,420	2,850	8.3	7.6	9.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,960	975	980	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	595	295	300	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	200	100	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,265	650	620	...	...	...
65 years and over	95	35	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.5	3.6	3.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.4	2.2	1.8	1.4	2.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	63,175	31,980	31,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	27,010	13,015	13,995	42.8	40.7	44.9
In bottom decile	4,525	2,190	2,335	7.2	6.8	7.5
In second decile	4,905	2,205	2,700	7.8	6.9	8.7
In third decile	5,340	2,550	2,790	8.5	8.0	8.9
In fourth decile	5,665	2,800	2,865	9.0	8.8	9.2
In fifth decile	6,570	3,270	3,305	10.4	10.2	10.6
In top half of the distribution	36,170	18,965	17,200	57.3	59.3	55.1
In sixth decile	7,100	3,590	3,510	11.2	11.2	11.3
In seventh decile	7,425	3,800	3,625	11.8	11.9	11.6
In eighth decile	7,715	4,100	3,620	12.2	12.8	11.6
In ninth decile	7,745	4,130	3,615	12.3	12.9	11.6
In top decile	6,185	3,350	2,840	9.8	10.5	9.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	63,175	...	...	63,175	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.369	...	...	0.369	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	63,565	32,155	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	58,400	29,750	28,645	91.9	92.5	91.2
French only	75	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	4,815	2,290	2,525	7.6	7.1	8.0
Neither English nor French	280	100	180	0.4	0.3	0.6
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	63,565	32,155	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	61,815	31,310	30,505	97.2	97.4	97.1
French	1,320	675	645	2.1	2.1	2.1
English and French	165	75	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	260	95	170	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	63,565	32,155	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	61,705	31,290	30,420	97.1	97.3	96.8
Official languages	54,595	27,910	26,685	85.9	86.8	85.0
English	53,265	27,230	26,030	83.8	84.7	82.9
French	1,340	685	650	2.1	2.1	2.1
Non-official languages	7,110	3,380	3,735	11.2	10.5	11.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	145	60	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,965	3,320	3,645	11.0	10.3	11.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	255	195	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	125	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	310	185	125	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	250	155	95	0.4	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	2,655	1,150	1,505	4.2	3.6	4.8
Bikol	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	125	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	190	80	110	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indonesian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,135	925	1,205	3.4	2.9	3.8
Waray-Waray	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	175	100	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	120	70	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,935	1,450	1,475	4.6	4.5	4.7
Albanian	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	510	215	300	0.8	0.7	1.0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	500	210	295	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	130	50	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	130	50	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	700	350	350	1.1	1.1	1.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	385	195	190	0.6	0.6	0.6
German	380	190	190	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	265	135	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	145	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,050	565	485	1.7	1.8	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	1,000	530	465	1.6	1.6	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	160	80	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	535	290	245	0.8	0.9	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	85	50	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	620	295	330	1.0	0.9	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	500	240	265	0.8	0.7	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	110	45	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	175	95	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	280	125	150	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	275	125	150	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	115	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	150	75	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,860	865	995	2.9	2.7	3.2
English and French	380	190	190	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,275	575	705	2.0	1.8	2.2
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	135	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	63,565	32,155	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	54,730	27,980	26,755	86.1	87.0	85.2
French	325	150	175	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	1,650	780	870	2.6	2.4	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,640	780	860	2.6	2.4	2.7
English and French	830	390	435	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	5,620	2,655	2,965	8.8	8.3	9.4
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	190	95	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	200	95	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	63,565	32,155	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	62,030	31,445	30,590	97.6	97.8	97.4
Official languages	58,120	29,575	28,545	91.4	92.0	90.9
English	57,685	29,365	28,320	90.7	91.3	90.2
French	435	210	225	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official languages	3,910	1,870	2,040	6.2	5.8	6.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,880	1,860	2,025	6.1	5.8	6.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	125	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	85	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	150	85	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,630	745	880	2.6	2.3	2.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,350	620	730	2.1	1.9	2.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	150	85	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	110	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tamil	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,455	720	735	2.3	2.2	2.3
Albanian	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	80	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	180	80	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	795	410	385	1.3	1.3	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	755	390	360	1.2	1.2	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	445	235	205	0.7	0.7	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	310	145	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	15	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	255	125	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	75	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	175	75	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,535	705	825	2.4	2.2	2.6
English and French	115	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,320	615	705	2.1	1.9	2.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	63,565	32,155	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	57,915	29,470	28,450	91.1	91.6	90.6
English	1,790	860	930	2.8	2.7	3.0
French	665	315	345	1.0	1.0	1.1
Non-official language	2,425	1,135	1,295	3.8	3.5	4.1
Indigenous³⁹	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	2,320	1,085	1,240	3.6	3.4	3.9
English and French	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	400	195	200	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	260	125	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	62,895	31,870	31,025	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	62,850	31,865	30,985	99.5	99.6	99.3
French	4,890	2,250	2,635	7.7	7.0	8.4
Non-official languages	10,335	4,835	5,505	16.4	15.1	17.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	205	90	115	0.3	0.3	0.4
Algonquian languages	165	75	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	165	65	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	165	65	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10,130	4,740	5,390	16.0	14.8	17.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	770	415	345	1.2	1.3	1.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	125	70	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	110	70	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	665	360	305	1.1	1.1	1.0
Amharic	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	540	300	235	0.9	0.9	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	3,830	1,635	2,195	6.1	5.1	7.0
Bikol	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	130	50	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cebuano	135	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ilocano	390	165	225	0.6	0.5	0.7
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pangasinan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,715	1,565	2,150	5.9	4.9	6.9
Waray-Waray	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	135	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Creole languages	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	290	190	105	0.5	0.6	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	235	145	90	0.4	0.5	0.3
Tamil	95	70	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,115	2,015	2,100	6.5	6.3	6.7
Albanian	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	650	285	365	1.0	0.9	1.2
Baltic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	635	285	350	1.0	0.9	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	265	125	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	205	85	125	0.3	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	160	70	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	985	510	475	1.6	1.6	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	600	330	270	0.9	1.0	0.9
German	590	330	265	0.9	1.0	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	330	165	170	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	150	80	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,400	720	675	2.2	2.3	2.2
Indo-Aryan languages	1,345	690	650	2.1	2.2	2.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	180	80	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindi	725	365	360	1.1	1.1	1.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	755	395	360	1.2	1.2	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	130	65	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,120	495	625	1.8	1.5	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	35	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	970	425	540	1.5	1.3	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	95	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	180	70	105	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	305	145	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	95	40	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	140	65	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	110	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	420	180	235	0.7	0.6	0.8
Chinese languages	415	180	235	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	220	90	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	245	125	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	7,370	3,625	3,745	11.7	11.3	12.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	7,115	3,495	3,610	11.3	10.9	11.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,055	1,505	1,560	4.8	4.7	5.0
Métis	3,965	1,945	2,020	6.3	6.1	6.5
Inuk (Inuit)	90	50	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	165	75	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	55,810	28,355	27,450	88.3	88.7	88.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,315	1,135	1,185	3.7	3.5	3.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	60,860	30,850	30,015	96.3	96.5	96.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,305	...	...	65.7	...	...
Renter	8,510	...	...	34.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,685	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not condominium	22,130	...	...	89.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	155	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	1,980	...	...	8.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,145	...	...	20.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,045	...	...	32.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,490	...	...	38.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,460	...	...	26.0	...	...
5 rooms	3,785	...	...	15.3	...	...
6 rooms	3,625	...	...	14.6	...	...
7 rooms	3,235	...	...	13.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,715	...	...	31.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,350	...	...	98.1	...	...
More than one person per room	460	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	23,830	...	...	96.0	...	...
Not suitable	985	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,205	...	...	4.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,465	...	...	22.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,280	...	...	9.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,945	...	...	15.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,345	...	...	13.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,190	...	...	16.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,980	...	...	12.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,405	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	23,585	...	...	95.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,235	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	12,575	...	...	50.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	10,980	...	...	44.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,260	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,305	...	...	5.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,695	...	...	22.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,220	...	...	25.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,355	...	...	17.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,765	...	...	15.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,195	...	...	8.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	980	...	...	3.9	...	...
85 years and over	305	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	24,730	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,195	...	...	77.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,535	...	...	22.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,080	...	...	20.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	24,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,185	...	...	29.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	5,015	...	...	20.2	...	...
Not suitable only	795	...	...	3.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	820	...	...	3.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	365	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	17,635	...	...	71.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	24,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,520	...	...	10.4	...	...
Not in core need	21,755	...	...	89.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,310	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.1	...	...	76.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.1	...	...	16.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,880	...	...	1,880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,824	...	...	1,824	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	328,000	...	...	328,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	330,400	...	...	330,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,510	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.6	...	...	34.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.5	...	...	21.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,432	...	...	1,432	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	63,180	31,980	31,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,905	1,420	1,490	4.6	4.4	4.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,775	1,355	1,415	4.4	4.2	4.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,760	875	885	2.8	2.7	2.8
Métis single ancestry	970	450	515	1.5	1.4	1.7
Inuit single ancestry	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	135	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	135	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	5,460	2,685	2,775	8.6	8.4	8.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	5,255	2,595	2,660	8.3	8.1	8.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,975	1,495	1,480	4.7	4.7	4.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,195	1,065	1,130	3.5	3.3	3.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	205	90	115	0.3	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	54,805	27,875	26,930	86.7	87.2	86.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	63,180	31,980	31,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	57,965	29,530	28,435	91.7	92.3	91.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,520	7,850	7,670	24.6	24.5	24.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	42,440	21,675	20,760	67.2	67.8	66.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	5,215	2,450	2,765	8.3	7.7	8.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	63,180	31,980	31,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	53,815	27,505	26,305	85.2	86.0	84.3
Immigrants⁸¹	8,360	3,960	4,400	13.2	12.4	14.1
Before 1980	710	365	345	1.1	1.1	1.1
1980 to 1990	455	215	240	0.7	0.7	0.8
1991 to 2000	810	430	385	1.3	1.3	1.2
2001 to 2010	1,510	685	830	2.4	2.1	2.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	4,865	2,270	2,600	7.7	7.1	8.3
2011 to 2015	2,250	1,010	1,240	3.6	3.2	4.0
2016 to 2021	2,615	1,260	1,360	4.1	3.9	4.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,000	510	490	1.6	1.6	1.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	8,360	3,960	4,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	605	320	290	7.2	8.1	6.6
5 to 14 years	1,440	740	700	17.2	18.7	15.9
15 to 24 years	1,565	785	785	18.7	19.8	17.8
25 to 44 years	4,045	1,800	2,250	48.4	45.5	51.1
45 years and over	700	310	385	8.4	7.8	8.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	8,360	3,960	4,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	955	465	485	11.4	11.7	11.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Colombia	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
El Salvador	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaica	95	45	50	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mexico	165	70	95	2.0	1.8	2.2
Peru	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	270	135	140	3.2	3.4	3.2
Other places of birth in Americas	285	150	130	3.4	3.8	3.0
Europe	1,285	690	590	15.4	17.4	13.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
France	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Germany	130	75	55	1.6	1.9	1.3
Greece	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	35	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Netherlands	60	35	25	0.7	0.9	0.6
Poland	185	85	100	2.2	2.1	2.3
Portugal	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Romania	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian Federation	40	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	80	45	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	370	200	165	4.4	5.1	3.8
Other places of birth in Europe	285	170	120	3.4	4.3	2.7
Africa	925	505	425	11.1	12.8	9.7
Algeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Ethiopia	70	40	35	0.8	1.0	0.8
Morocco	65	40	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
Nigeria	250	130	115	3.0	3.3	2.6
Somalia	90	45	50	1.1	1.1	1.1
South Africa, Republic of	85	45	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
Other places of birth in Africa	305	165	145	3.6	4.2	3.3
Asia	5,115	2,250	2,865	61.2	56.8	65.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	35	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Iraq	50	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
Lebanon	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Syria⁸⁹	35	10	30	0.4	0.3	0.7
Turkey	20	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
China⁹⁰	195	75	120	2.3	1.9	2.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Taiwan	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Philippines	3,390	1,415	1,980	40.6	35.7	45.0
Viet Nam	30	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Bangladesh	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
India	810	395	420	9.7	10.0	9.5
Pakistan	100	70	25	1.2	1.8	0.6
Sri Lanka	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	265	125	140	3.2	3.2	3.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	85	50	30	1.0	1.3	0.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	2,615	1,260	1,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	240	130	110	9.2	10.3	8.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	30	0	25	1.1	0.0	1.8
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	50	20	30	1.9	1.6	2.2
Mexico	30	20	10	1.1	1.6	0.7
United States of America	45	35	15	1.7	2.8	1.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	35	20	20	1.3	1.6	1.5
Other places of birth in Americas	40	30	0	1.5	2.4	0.0
Europe	150	95	60	5.7	7.5	4.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	35	20	10	1.3	1.6	0.7
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	10	1.0	1.2	0.7
Other places of birth in Europe	80	55	30	3.1	4.4	2.2
Africa	350	190	160	13.4	15.1	11.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	25	10	10	1.0	0.8	0.7
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	20	1.3	1.2	1.5
Nigeria	140	75	65	5.4	6.0	4.8
Somalia	25	15	15	1.0	1.2	1.1
South Africa, Republic of	35	25	15	1.3	2.0	1.1
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	35	20	1.9	2.8	1.5
Asia	1,860	840	1,020	71.1	66.7	75.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	20	1.0	0.8	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
India	325	145	180	12.4	11.5	13.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	20	10	10	0.8	0.8	0.7
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Philippines	1,330	595	735	50.9	47.2	54.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	30	10	20	1.1	0.8	1.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	25	1.9	1.6	1.8
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	9,775	4,715	5,055	15.5	14.7	16.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	7,705	3,855	3,845	12.2	12.1	12.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	45,705	23,410	22,290	72.3	73.2	71.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	7,645	3,595	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	4,735	2,270	2,465	61.9	63.1	60.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	2,085	960	1,120	27.3	26.7	27.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	2,650	1,315	1,340	34.7	36.6	33.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,140	860	1,280	28.0	23.9	31.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	695	435	255	9.1	12.1	6.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	75	30	50	1.0	0.8	1.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	7,645	3,595	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	265	150	120	3.5	4.2	3.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	2,015	760	1,260	26.4	21.1	31.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	255	125	130	3.3	3.5	3.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	415	265	150	5.4	7.4	3.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,675	2,285	2,390	61.2	63.6	59.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	10,035	4,720	5,310	15.9	14.8	17.0
South Asian	1,820	975	845	2.9	3.0	2.7
Chinese	495	220	275	0.8	0.7	0.9
Black	1,415	725	690	2.2	2.3	2.2
Filipino	4,370	1,875	2,495	6.9	5.9	8.0
Arab	400	230	170	0.6	0.7	0.5
Latin American	530	240	290	0.8	0.8	0.9
Southeast Asian	250	115	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
West Asian	90	25	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	170	70	105	0.3	0.2	0.3
Japanese	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	325	165	155	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	53,140	27,255	25,885	84.1	85.2	83.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	63,175	31,980	31,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	9,590	5,065	4,530	15.2	15.8	14.5
English	12,855	6,355	6,500	20.3	19.9	20.8
Irish	10,010	4,905	5,100	15.8	15.3	16.3
Scottish	10,840	5,385	5,455	17.2	16.8	17.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,515	3,845	3,670	11.9	12.0	11.8
German	10,750	5,615	5,135	17.0	17.6	16.5
Chinese	605	265	345	1.0	0.8	1.1
Italian	1,125	590	535	1.8	1.8	1.7
Indian (India)	1,110	555	550	1.8	1.7	1.8
Ukrainian	5,185	2,610	2,575	8.2	8.2	8.3
Dutch	2,410	1,360	1,050	3.8	4.3	3.4
Polish	2,680	1,340	1,340	4.2	4.2	4.3
Québécois	115	70	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,400	770	625	2.2	2.4	2.0
Filipino	4,100	1,780	2,320	6.5	5.6	7.4
French Canadian	675	335	335	1.1	1.0	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,995	1,055	940	3.2	3.3	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,920	980	935	3.0	3.1	3.0
Métis	3,490	1,670	1,825	5.5	5.2	5.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,475	730	745	2.3	2.3	2.4
Russian	1,510	700	810	2.4	2.2	2.6
Norwegian	3,910	1,890	2,020	6.2	5.9	6.5
Welsh	1,335	590	745	2.1	1.8	2.4
Portuguese	220	105	115	0.3	0.3	0.4
American	945	510	435	1.5	1.6	1.4
Spanish	550	275	275	0.9	0.9	0.9
Swedish	1,555	730	825	2.5	2.3	2.6
Hungarian	685	350	335	1.1	1.1	1.1
Acadian	320	175	150	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pakistani	120	100	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	350	200	145	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jewish	105	30	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	210	110	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Vietnamese	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	240	135	105	0.4	0.4	0.3
Greek	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jamaican	125	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	395	175	220	0.6	0.5	0.7
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,365	655	705	2.2	2.0	2.3
Korean	150	60	90	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	315	135	185	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lebanese	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	230	110	125	0.4	0.3	0.4
Danish	675	310	370	1.1	1.0	1.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	730	380	345	1.2	1.2	1.1
Sikh	165	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austrian	475	240	240	0.8	0.8	0.8
Belgian	320	170	150	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindu	190	105	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mexican	295	110	185	0.5	0.3	0.6
Mennonite	575	300	275	0.9	0.9	0.9
Swiss	350	170	175	0.6	0.5	0.6
Finnish	320	170	150	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	130	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	235	115	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	270	110	165	0.4	0.3	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	430	230	195	0.7	0.7	0.6
Muslim	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tamil	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	270	130	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Colombian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	90	55	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	210	95	115	0.3	0.3	0.4
Syrian	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	75	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	90	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Newfoundlander	320	165	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	105	65	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bangladeshi	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	165	100	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	200	95	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	100	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Somali	160	70	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	30	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salvadorean	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	45	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	135	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australian	140	85	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Palestinian	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chilean	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	120	90	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Ethiopian	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	140	55	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	110	45	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bulgarian	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albertan	630	385	240	1.0	1.2	0.8
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuban	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ilocano	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern Irish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	80	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	90	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	50	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	63,175	31,980	31,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	195	95	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian	28,935	13,780	15,160	45.8	43.1	48.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	7,120	3,440	3,680	11.3	10.8	11.8
Anabaptist	205	95	110	0.3	0.3	0.4
Anglican	1,415	670	745	2.2	2.1	2.4
Baptist	420	205	215	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catholic	12,880	6,230	6,645	20.4	19.5	21.3
Christian Orthodox	320	160	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	460	215	245	0.7	0.7	0.8
Latter Day Saints	235	120	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Lutheran	840	385	455	1.3	1.2	1.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	250	105	145	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	895	390	505	1.4	1.2	1.6
Presbyterian	450	200	255	0.7	0.6	0.8
Reformed	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	1,795	835	960	2.8	2.6	3.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,595	710	885	2.5	2.2	2.8
Hindu	690	385	305	1.1	1.2	1.0
Jewish	45	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	1,080	605	475	1.7	1.9	1.5
Sikh	505	250	260	0.8	0.8	0.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	125	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	390	170	220	0.6	0.5	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	31,210	16,625	14,590	49.4	52.0	46.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	62,215	31,470	30,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	51,975	26,320	25,650	83.5	83.6	83.4
Movers	10,245	5,155	5,090	16.5	16.4	16.6
Non-migrants	7,690	3,830	3,860	12.4	12.2	12.6
Migrants	2,550	1,320	1,230	4.1	4.2	4.0
Internal migrants	2,270	1,200	1,070	3.6	3.8	3.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,535	810	725	2.5	2.6	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	735	390	345	1.2	1.2	1.1
External migrants	285	115	165	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	58,465	29,660	28,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,330	14,880	14,450	50.2	50.2	50.2
Movers	29,135	14,780	14,355	49.8	49.8	49.8
Non-migrants	14,845	7,550	7,295	25.4	25.5	25.3
Migrants	14,290	7,230	7,055	24.4	24.4	24.5
Internal migrants	12,190	6,195	5,995	20.9	20.9	20.8
Intraprovincial migrants	8,415	4,305	4,110	14.4	14.5	14.3
Interprovincial migrants	3,770	1,890	1,885	6.4	6.4	6.5
External migrants	2,100	1,035	1,065	3.6	3.5	3.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	49,225	24,870	24,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10,165	5,745	4,420	20.7	23.1	18.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	39,060	19,130	19,930	79.3	76.9	81.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,055	18,385	17,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,640	3,415	2,230	15.6	18.6	12.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	30,410	14,965	15,440	84.3	81.4	87.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	49,225	24,870	24,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,750	4,765	3,985	17.8	19.2	16.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	16,530	8,360	8,170	33.6	33.6	33.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,945	11,745	12,200	48.6	47.2	50.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,150	8,740	7,405	32.8	35.1	30.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,790	4,780	1,015	11.8	19.2	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,435	865	570	2.9	3.5	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,355	3,910	445	8.8	15.7	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,970	3,445	5,525	18.2	13.9	22.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,385	515	870	2.8	2.1	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,795	3,005	4,795	15.8	12.1	19.7
Bachelor's degree	6,140	2,240	3,900	12.5	9.0	16.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	370	150	225	0.8	0.6	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	85	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	1,015	480	535	2.1	1.9	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,050	18,380	17,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,600	2,700	1,905	12.8	14.7	10.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,270	5,925	5,350	31.3	32.2	30.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,180	9,765	10,415	56.0	53.1	59.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,285	7,180	6,110	36.9	39.1	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,670	3,880	795	13.0	21.1	4.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,095	695	400	3.0	3.8	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,575	3,185	390	9.9	17.3	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,485	2,860	4,620	20.8	15.6	26.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,135	440	690	3.1	2.4	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,895	2,590	4,310	19.1	14.1	24.4
Bachelor's degree	5,510	1,975	3,535	15.3	10.7	20.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	135	175	0.8	0.7	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	65	90	0.4	0.4	0.5
Master's degree	845	390	460	2.3	2.1	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	49,225	24,875	24,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	25,280	13,130	12,155	51.4	52.8	49.9
Education	1,765	420	1,345	3.6	1.7	5.5
13. Education	1,765	420	1,345	3.6	1.7	5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	425	160	270	0.9	0.6	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	385	125	260	0.8	0.5	1.1
Humanities	630	300	330	1.3	1.2	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	90	35	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	45	90	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	225	130	90	0.5	0.5	0.4
54. History	55	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,555	375	1,180	3.2	1.5	4.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	60	105	0.4	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	430	30	395	0.9	0.1	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	265	50	215	0.5	0.2	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	300	55	245	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	345	160	185	0.7	0.6	0.8
Business, management and public administration	4,775	1,395	3,385	9.7	5.6	13.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	320	25	295	0.7	0.1	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,445	1,360	3,090	9.0	5.5	12.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	525	205	320	1.1	0.8	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	80	160	0.5	0.3	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	45	95	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	660	380	280	1.3	1.5	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	565	345	220	1.1	1.4	0.9
25. Library science	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,045	6,485	560	14.3	26.1	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	85	55	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	725	570	160	1.5	2.3	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,625	1,405	220	3.3	5.6	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,720	1,695	30	3.5	6.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,030	1,945	80	4.1	7.8	0.3
48. Precision production	850	810	40	1.7	3.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	800	480	320	1.6	1.9	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	400	205	200	0.8	0.8	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	280	120	0.8	1.1	0.5
Health and related fields	4,040	710	3,325	8.2	2.9	13.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	270	125	145	0.5	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,730	565	3,165	7.6	2.3	13.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,725	840	885	3.5	3.4	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	980	205	770	2.0	0.8	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	215	140	75	0.4	0.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	470	30	1.0	1.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	36,050	18,385	17,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,870	8,620	7,250	44.0	46.9	41.0
Education	1,390	285	1,105	3.9	1.6	6.3
13. Education	1,390	285	1,105	3.9	1.6	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	390	150	240	1.1	0.8	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	360	120	235	1.0	0.7	1.3
Humanities	510	220	290	1.4	1.2	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	50	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	75	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
54. History	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,350	335	1,015	3.7	1.8	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	60	95	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	355	25	330	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	215	40	175	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	265	50	215	0.7	0.3	1.2
45. Social sciences	320	150	175	0.9	0.8	1.0
Business, management and public administration	4,005	1,145	2,855	11.1	6.2	16.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	20	260	0.8	0.1	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,720	1,120	2,595	10.3	6.1	14.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	440	175	265	1.2	1.0	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	60	110	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	40	85	0.3	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	615	340	275	1.7	1.8	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	530	315	220	1.5	1.7	1.2
25. Library science	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,845	5,360	485	16.2	29.2	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	75	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
14. Engineering	665	520	145	1.8	2.8	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,365	1,190	180	3.8	6.5	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,400	1,375	20	3.9	7.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,550	80	4.5	8.4	0.5
48. Precision production	710	675	40	2.0	3.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	665	375	290	1.8	2.0	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	310	135	175	0.9	0.7	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	355	240	115	1.0	1.3	0.7
Health and related fields	3,485	635	2,850	9.7	3.5	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	225	110	110	0.6	0.6	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,230	510	2,720	9.0	2.8	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,475	745	735	4.1	4.1	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	810	180	635	2.2	1.0	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	200	125	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	430	25	1.3	2.3	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	36,050	18,385	17,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,870	8,620	7,250	44.0	46.9	41.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	20,185	9,765	10,420	56.0	53.1	59.0
Location of study inside Canada	16,495	8,230	8,265	45.8	44.8	46.8
Same as province or territory of residence	11,365	5,735	5,630	31.5	31.2	31.9
Different than province or territory of residence	5,135	2,500	2,635	14.2	13.6	14.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	3,685	1,530	2,155	10.2	8.3	12.2
Americas	445	200	250	1.2	1.1	1.4
United States of America	235	105	130	0.7	0.6	0.7
Mexico	80	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other locations of study in Americas	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	365	165	205	1.0	0.9	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germany	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukraine	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	125	45	80	0.3	0.2	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	330	185	145	0.9	1.0	0.8
Nigeria	95	40	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisia	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Africa	110	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asia	2,460	930	1,530	6.8	5.1	8.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Philippines	1,740	640	1,095	4.8	3.5	6.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	485	210	280	1.3	1.1	1.6
Pakistan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	55	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Oceania	85	55	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australia	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
New Zealand	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	49,225	24,870	24,355	...	...	...
In the labour force	36,645	19,660	16,985	...	...	...
Employed	32,300	17,310	14,985	...	...	...
Unemployed	4,345	2,350	1,995	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,580	5,215	7,370	...	...	...
Participation rate	74.4	79.1	69.7	74.4	79.1	69.7
Employment rate	65.6	69.6	61.5	65.6	69.6	61.5
Unemployment rate	11.9	12.0	11.7	11.9	12.0	11.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	49,225	24,875	24,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	13,245	5,560	7,685	26.9	22.4	31.6
Worked	35,980	19,315	16,670	73.1	77.6	68.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	17,915	10,275	7,635	36.4	41.3	31.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	18,070	9,035	9,030	36.7	36.3	37.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	41.0	39.5	40.3	41.0	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	36,645	19,660	16,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	850	385	465	2.3	2.0	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	35,795	19,280	16,520	97.7	98.1	97.3
Employee	31,670	16,855	14,820	86.4	85.7	87.3
Permanent position	27,030	14,690	12,340	73.8	74.7	72.7
Temporary position	4,645	2,165	2,480	12.7	11.0	14.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,390	570	815	3.8	2.9	4.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,255	1,590	1,660	8.9	8.1	9.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,120	2,420	1,700	11.2	12.3	10.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	36,645	19,660	16,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	850	385	465	2.3	2.0	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	35,795	19,280	16,520	97.7	98.1	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	160	80	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,005	1,170	3,835	13.7	6.0	22.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,055	1,660	395	5.6	8.4	2.3
3 Health occupations	2,700	415	2,280	7.4	2.1	13.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,165	820	2,345	8.6	4.2	13.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	575	175	395	1.6	0.9	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	10,140	4,105	6,040	27.7	20.9	35.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,505	7,750	760	23.2	39.4	4.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,905	1,720	185	5.2	8.7	1.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,595	1,380	210	4.4	7.0	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	36,645	19,660	16,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	850	385	465	2.3	2.0	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	35,795	19,280	16,520	97.7	98.1	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	400	295	105	1.1	1.5	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	3,750	3,265	490	10.2	16.6	2.9
22 Utilities	345	275	70	0.9	1.4	0.4
23 Construction	3,505	2,875	635	9.6	14.6	3.7
31-33 Manufacturing	1,650	1,265	385	4.5	6.4	2.3
41 Wholesale trade	1,230	920	310	3.4	4.7	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	5,050	2,230	2,820	13.8	11.3	16.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,970	1,515	455	5.4	7.7	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	305	185	115	0.8	0.9	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	710	190	525	1.9	1.0	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	730	435	295	2.0	2.2	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,880	980	900	5.1	5.0	5.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,215	620	600	3.3	3.2	3.5
61 Educational services	1,935	460	1,475	5.3	2.3	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	4,320	585	3,740	11.8	3.0	22.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	480	230	255	1.3	1.2	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	2,835	1,185	1,645	7.7	6.0	9.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,115	1,165	950	5.8	5.9	5.6
91 Public administration	1,350	610	740	3.7	3.1	4.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	38,945	20,715	18,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	38,135	20,430	17,695	97.9	98.6	97.1
French	60	0	55	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and French	395	125	275	1.0	0.6	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	265	115	150	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	38,945	20,715	18,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	38,830	20,665	18,170	99.7	99.8	99.7
Official languages	38,740	20,625	18,120	99.5	99.6	99.4
English	38,595	20,605	17,985	99.1	99.5	98.7
French	150	20	130	0.4	0.1	0.7
Non-official languages	90	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	50	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	55	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	38,945	20,715	18,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	38,360	20,520	17,845	98.5	99.1	97.9
English	120	25	95	0.3	0.1	0.5
French	260	105	160	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official language	165	55	115	0.4	0.3	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	50	115	0.4	0.2	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	32,300	17,310	14,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,095	1,190	1,900	9.6	6.9	12.7
Worked outside Canada	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No fixed workplace address	6,465	5,035	1,435	20.0	29.1	9.6
Usual place of work	22,700	11,065	11,645	70.3	63.9	77.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	22,705	11,065	11,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,135	7,800	10,335	79.9	70.5	88.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,055	2,890	1,165	17.9	26.1	10.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	340	255	85	1.5	2.3	0.7
Commute to a different province or territory	180	125	60	0.8	1.1	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	29,170	16,095	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	27,365	15,250	12,120	93.8	94.7	92.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25,390	14,495	10,895	87.0	90.1	83.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,980	750	1,225	6.8	4.7	9.4
Public transit	420	165	260	1.4	1.0	2.0
Walked	785	380	405	2.7	2.4	3.1
Bicycle	175	130	45	0.6	0.8	0.3
Other method	420	170	250	1.4	1.1	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	29,170	16,095	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	14,930	6,725	8,205	51.2	41.8	62.8
15 to 29 minutes	10,155	6,130	4,020	34.8	38.1	30.7
30 to 44 minutes	1,830	1,300	530	6.3	8.1	4.1
45 to 59 minutes	575	460	115	2.0	2.9	0.9
60 minutes and over	1,680	1,475	205	5.8	9.2	1.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	29,170	16,095	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,325	1,915	410	8.0	11.9	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,180	3,710	1,470	17.8	23.1	11.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,595	4,730	3,865	29.5	29.4	29.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,710	2,435	3,275	19.6	15.1	25.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,100	1,160	1,935	10.6	7.2	14.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,265	2,145	2,115	14.6	13.3	16.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	16,525	8,405	8,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,795	900	895	10.9	10.7	11.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	14,730	7,500	7,230	89.1	89.2	89.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	11,500	5,865	5,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,330	655	670	11.6	11.2	11.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	860	415	445	7.5	7.1	7.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	465	245	225	4.0	4.2	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,175	5,205	4,970	88.5	88.7	88.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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