Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Kimberley, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,115	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,425	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,263	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,595	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	134.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	60.51	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,115	4,000	4,115
0 to 14 years	1,335	680	655
0 to 4 years	365	175	195
5 to 9 years	435	210	225
10 to 14 years	535	295	240
15 to 64 years	4,845	2,385	2,465
15 to 19 years	370	205	170
20 to 24 years	270	145	120
25 to 29 years	325	145	175
30 to 34 years	555	255	295
35 to 39 years	620	300	320
40 to 44 years	565	280	285
45 to 49 years	535	270	270
50 to 54 years	470	235	235
55 to 59 years	515	245	270
60 to 64 years	625	300	330
65 years and over	1,930	935	1,000
65 to 69 years	600	305	300
70 to 74 years	555	285	275
75 to 79 years	355	170	180
80 to 84 years	220	100	120
85 years and over	195	75	125
85 to 89 years	120	50	70
90 to 94 years	60	20	40
95 to 99 years	15	5	10
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	17.0	15.9
15 to 64 years	59.7	59.6	59.9
65 years and over	23.8	23.4	24.3
85 years and over	2.4	1.9	3.0
Average age of the population	44.4	43.8	45.0
Median age of the population	45.2	44.8	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,595	...	...
Single-detached house	2,755	...	...
Semi-detached house	145	...	...
Row house	130	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,595	...	...
1 person	1,095	...	...
2 persons	1,425	...	...
3 persons	505	...	...
4 persons	430	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,945	3,930	4,015
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,775	3,315	3,460
Married or living common-law	4,290	2,145	2,150
Married	3,270	1,635	1,640
Living common-law	1,025	505	515
Living common law - Never married	735	370	360
Living common law - Separated	40	15	30
Living common law - Divorced	220	115	105
Living common law - Widowed	30	10	15
Not married and not living common-law	2,485	1,175	1,310
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,435	805	630
Not married and not living common law - Separated	220	80	135
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	455	200	255
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	380	85	295
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,420	...	...
2 persons	1,435	...	...
3 persons	475	...	...
4 persons	400	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,420	...	...
Total couple families	2,105	...	...
Married couples	1,590	...	...
With children⁶	665	...	...
Without children	925	...	...
Common-law couples	510	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...
Without children	325	...	...
Total one-parent families	315	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	225	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	95	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,940	3,930	4,015
Total - Persons in census families	6,485	3,250	3,230
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,210	2,100	2,105
Parents in one-parent families	320	95	225
Children⁶	1,960	1,060	900
In a two-parent family	1,480	765	715
In a one-parent family	480	295	185
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,460	685	780
Living alone	1,090	500	595
Living with other relatives⁷	90	35	55
Living with non-relatives only	280	145	135
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,595	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,265	...	...
Couple-family households	1,995	...	...
With children⁶	805	...	...
Without children	1,185	...	...
One-parent-family households	270	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	85	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...
One-person households	1,095	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,610	3,255	3,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,440	3,165	3,275
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	51,200	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,450	3,170	3,280
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,975	2,985	2,990
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	42,800	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,610	2,405	2,200
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	43,600	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,380	2,465	2,915
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	12,300	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	790	405	385
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,600	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,625	725	900
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,610	3,255	3,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,430	3,185	3,240
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,100	61,350	43,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,430	3,190	3,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,840	51,900	37,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,980	3,010	2,965
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,360	55,150	35,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,610	2,435	2,170
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,280	54,250	37,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,385	2,500	2,880
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,810	11,720	11,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	735	420	320
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,860	6,560	7,250
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,550	690	860
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,940	8,680	9,140
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,610	3,250	3,355
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,875	1,055	825
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	77,000	56,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,100	80,400	59,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,080	1,010	1,070
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	26,800	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,640	40,400	27,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.0	85.0	75.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.7	67.6	58.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.0	15.0	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	3.8	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.1	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,610	3,250	3,355
Without total income	170	85	80
With total income	6,445	3,165	3,280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	460	185	275
$10,000 to $19,999	665	200	460
$20,000 to $29,999	950	370	580
$30,000 to $39,999	905	405	495
$40,000 to $49,999	780	375	405
$50,000 to $59,999	610	310	300
$60,000 to $69,999	455	235	225
$70,000 to $79,999	410	240	175
$80,000 to $89,999	290	175	115
$90,000 to $99,999	245	160	85
$100,000 and over	670	505	165
$100,000 to $149,999	495	370	130
$150,000 and over	175	135	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,610	3,250	3,355
Without after-tax income	160	90	75
With after-tax income	6,445	3,165	3,280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	495	195	295
$10,000 to $19,999	710	220	490
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060	425	630
$30,000 to $39,999	1,060	485	570
$40,000 to $49,999	845	425	425
$50,000 to $59,999	640	330	310
$60,000 to $69,999	530	305	220
$70,000 to $79,999	355	235	115
$80,000 to $89,999	295	190	110
$90,000 to $99,999	145	115	30
$100,000 and over	315	240	80
$100,000 to $124,999	195	150	45
$125,000 and over	125	95	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,610	3,250	3,355
Without employment income	2,000	850	1,155
With employment income	4,605	2,405	2,205
Under $5,000 (including loss)	735	385	345
$5,000 to $9,999	380	165	215
$10,000 to $19,999	535	225	310
$20,000 to $29,999	415	170	245
$30,000 to $39,999	395	185	205
$40,000 to $49,999	410	185	225
$50,000 to $59,999	285	115	165
$60,000 to $69,999	285	160	120
$70,000 to $79,999	255	150	110
$80,000 to $89,999	210	120	85
$90,000 to $99,999	190	130	65
$100,000 and over	520	405	110
$100,000 to $124,999	280	210	70
$125,000 and over	235	195	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,610	3,255	3,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,340	3,105	3,235
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	51,200	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,350	3,110	3,245
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	45,200	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,950	2,955	2,990
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	45,600	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,870	2,505	2,365
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,435	1,910	2,525
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	11,100	7,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	655	330	320
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,520	5,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,610	3,255	3,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,330	3,130	3,205
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,920	63,050	39,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,340	3,130	3,215
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,880	51,950	34,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,940	2,980	2,965
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,080	59,600	34,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,850	2,535	2,320
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,040	56,700	34,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,390	1,875	2,515
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,710	10,540	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	620	355	265
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,520	7,080	8,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,610	3,250	3,355
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,875	1,045	830
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	74,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,400	82,200	53,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,965	970	995
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	31,800	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,440	50,400	30,750
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	90.0	81.8
Employment income (%)	69.4	73.0	63.6
Government transfers (%)	13.2	10.0	18.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,595	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,095	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,500	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,595	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,510	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,595	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	300	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	265	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	255	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,355	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	440	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	330	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...
$200,000 and over	205	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,595	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	330	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	275	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,065	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	460	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	320	...	...
$150,000 and over	285	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,415	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,210	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	860	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	310	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,370	645	730
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	45,200	39,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,800	36,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,410	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	865	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	300	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,350	650	710
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,160	51,800	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,920	44,400	39,700
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,945	3,935	4,010
0 to 17 years	1,575	820	760
0 to 5 years	455	205	245
18 to 64 years	4,580	2,235	2,345
65 years and over	1,785	880	900
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	690	325	365
0 to 17 years	145	90	50
0 to 5 years	35	25	15
18 to 64 years	365	175	190
65 years and over	180	55	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7	8.2	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	11.2	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	10.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.9	8.1
65 years and over (%)	10.2	6.4	13.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,940	3,930	4,015
0 to 17 years	1,580	820	760
0 to 5 years	450	210	250
18 to 64 years	4,585	2,230	2,350
65 years and over	1,780	880	905
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	100	105
0 to 17 years	45	25	20
0 to 5 years	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	140	75	65
65 years and over	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.0	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.4	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.5	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,945	3,935	4,010
In bottom half of the distribution	3,865	1,835	2,030
In bottom decile	610	290	325
In second decile	735	340	400
In third decile	790	365	425
In fourth decile	885	435	445
In fifth decile	845	415	435
In top half of the distribution	4,075	2,095	1,980
In sixth decile	820	420	405
In seventh decile	865	450	415
In eighth decile	960	485	475
In ninth decile	845	445	400
In top decile	585	300	285
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,940	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.393	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,990	3,965	4,020
English only	7,395	3,725	3,670
French only	0	0	0
English and French	585	235	350
Neither English nor French	5	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,990	3,965	4,020
English	7,830	3,890	3,940
French	140	60	75
English and French	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	5	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,990	3,965	4,020
Single responses	7,905	3,935	3,970
Official languages	7,555	3,780	3,775
English	7,405	3,715	3,690
French	150	70	85
Non-official languages	350	155	195
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	345	155	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	280	125	150
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10
Russian	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	85	95
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	120	50	70
German	110	50	65
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	20
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	35	20	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	5
Danish	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10
Portuguese	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	5
S'gaw Karen	5	0	5
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	25	55
English and French	35	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,990	3,965	4,020
English	7,630	3,795	3,835
French	35	20	15
Non-official language	35	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15
English and French	70	30	45
English and non-official language(s)	205	100	105
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,990	3,965	4,020
Single responses	7,960	3,955	4,005
Official languages	7,875	3,905	3,970
English	7,835	3,885	3,955
French	40	25	20
Non-official languages	85	50	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	50	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	35	20
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	5
S'gaw Karen	5	0	5
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,985	3,965	4,025
None	7,720	3,835	3,885
English	45	30	15
French	50	20	30
Non-official language	155	70	80
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	155	70	80
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,945	3,930	4,015
Official languages	7,935	3,925	4,005
English	7,935	3,925	4,005
French	550	160	395
Non-official languages	690	305	390
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	685	305	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	560	245	310
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	25	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	25	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	40	10	25
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	240	105	140
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	190	90	100
German	190	90	95
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	25	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	65	20	45
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	15
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	15
Hindi	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	110	130
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	60	30	30
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	190	85	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	20
Korean	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15
Chinese languages	35	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,945	3,930	4,010
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	475	245	235
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	450	225	230
First Nations (North American Indian)	155	80	75
Métis	290	145	145
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	20	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,465	3,690	3,775
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,945	3,930	4,010
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	25	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,880	3,905	3,975
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,595	...	...
Owner	2,810	...	...
Renter	785	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,595	...	...
Condominium	315	...	...
Not condominium	3,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,595	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...
1 bedroom	385	...	...
2 bedrooms	965	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,315	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,595	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	795	...	...
5 rooms	540	...	...
6 rooms	665	...	...
7 rooms	505	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,095	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,595	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,570	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,595	...	...
Suitable	3,535	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,595	...	...
1960 or before	1,590	...	...
1961 to 1980	895	...	...
1981 to 1990	170	...	...
1991 to 2000	290	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...
2006 to 2010	190	...	...
2011 to 2015	85	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,595	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,280	...	...
Major repairs needed	310	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,595	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,730	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,790	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,595	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	440	...	...
35 to 44 years	670	...	...
45 to 54 years	585	...	...
55 to 64 years	690	...	...
65 to 74 years	710	...	...
75 to 84 years	335	...	...
85 years and over	125	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,585	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	465	...	...
30% to less than 100%	435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,595	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	770	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	400	...	...
Not suitable only	55	...	...
Major repairs needed only	255	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,825	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,560	...	...
In core need	160	...	...
Not in core need	3,395	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,810	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,102	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	408,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	785	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	990	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,076	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,940	3,935	4,010
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	85	45	45
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	85	45	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	45	20	20
Métis single ancestry	45	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	485	235	245
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	480	235	240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	260	130	125
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	225	100	120
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,375	3,655	3,720
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,945	3,935	4,010
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,635	3,770	3,865
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,565	785	775
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,070	2,980	3,085
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	310	165	150
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,945	3,935	4,010
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,200	3,565	3,635
Immigrants⁸¹	665	325	340
Before 1980	250	125	125
1980 to 1990	80	30	50
1991 to 2000	60	20	40
2001 to 2010	100	55	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	175	95	80
2011 to 2015	65	40	25
2016 to 2021	105	55	55
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	45	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	665	325	340
Under 5 years	35	20	15
5 to 14 years	120	60	60
15 to 24 years	135	65	70
25 to 44 years	325	160	170
45 years and over	45	20	30
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	665	325	340
Americas	95	40	60
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	75	30	40
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10
Europe	400	200	205
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	60	20	35
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0
Netherlands	40	15	25
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	215	130	80
Other places of birth in Europe	70	25	50
Africa	25	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	70	30	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65	35	25
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	110	55	55
Americas	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	50	25	20
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	25	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	25	15	15
Australia	25	15	15
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,945	3,930	4,015
First generation¹⁰⁰	855	410	445
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,395	665	725
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,695	2,860	2,840
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	415	200	215
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	190	85	105
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	85	60	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	105	30	75
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200	100	95
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	415	200	215
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	160	80	75
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	225	110	115
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,945	3,930	4,010
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	240	105	135
South Asian	45	20	25
Chinese	45	25	20
Black	10	10	0
Filipino	45	20	25
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	40	20	20
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10
Japanese	30	0	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,705	3,825	3,880
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,945	3,935	4,010
Canadian	1,030	535	495
English	2,560	1,295	1,265
Irish	1,605	735	870
Scottish	2,330	1,110	1,220
French, n.o.s.¹²²	905	395	510
German	1,400	640	760
Chinese	70	25	45
Italian	370	180	195
Indian (India)	35	15	20
Ukrainian	560	300	265
Dutch	415	175	240
Polish	285	165	120
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	365	200	170
Filipino	50	20	30
French Canadian	90	50	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	145	80	65
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	140	65	80
Métis	270	125	145
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	300	175	130
Russian	240	100	140
Norwegian	415	210	205
Welsh	235	140	95
Portuguese	35	0	30
American	140	45	90
Spanish	20	0	10
Swedish	395	195	200
Hungarian	105	40	65
Acadian	40	15	20
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	20	20	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	25
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	10	25
Korean	15	10	10
Romanian	85	55	35
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	0	0
Danish	135	75	55
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	30	20	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	100	50	50
Belgian	45	25	25
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	35	30	0
Mennonite	35	25	0
Swiss	95	50	45
Finnish	35	20	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	30	25	10
Japanese	45	15	30
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	10	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	35	50
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	60	40	20
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	130	50	80
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	15	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	20
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10
South African	30	20	15
Australian	115	50	65
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	20	10	15
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	10	15
British Columbian	105	55	55
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0
New Zealander	15	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	10
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,945	3,930	4,010
Buddhist	45	10	30
Christian	2,555	1,135	1,420
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	475	250	225
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	365	155	205
Baptist	75	35	40
Catholic	690	285	405
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	60	20	35
Latter Day Saints	25	15	10
Lutheran	125	70	55
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	10	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	20	25
Presbyterian	80	30	50
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	465	180	285
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	65	65
Hindu	20	15	15
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	55	60
No religion and secular perspectives	5,210	2,715	2,490
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,875	3,905	3,965
Non-movers	6,760	3,350	3,405
Movers	1,115	555	560
Non-migrants	510	260	250
Migrants	605	290	310
Internal migrants	585	280	310
Intraprovincial migrants	350	155	195
Interprovincial migrants	235	125	115
External migrants	15	15	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,610	3,775	3,835
Non-movers	4,105	2,040	2,065
Movers	3,510	1,735	1,770
Non-migrants	1,225	630	595
Migrants	2,285	1,105	1,175
Internal migrants	2,090	1,010	1,080
Intraprovincial migrants	1,125	555	570
Interprovincial migrants	965	455	510
External migrants	200	95	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,610	3,255	3,355
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	915	525	385
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,695	2,725	2,965
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,185	2,040	2,145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	265	175	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,920	1,870	2,055
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,610	3,255	3,355
No certificate, diploma or degree	760	425	335
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,980	990	985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,875	1,835	2,040
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,385	1,230	1,155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	730	610	120
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	220	125	90
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	510	485	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,500	565	935
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	55	105
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,490	610	880
Bachelor's degree	945	405	545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	30	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	20
Master's degree	365	130	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	20	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,185	2,045	2,145
No certificate, diploma or degree	210	130	80
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,165	605	555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,815	1,300	1,515
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,690	885	810
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	470	385	85
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	65	65
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	335	315	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,120	460	655
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	40	65
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,120	420	700
Bachelor's degree	700	285	415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	25	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	20
Master's degree	270	75	195
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,610	3,255	3,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,740	1,415	1,320
Education	365	110	250
13. Education	365	110	250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	55	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	45	80
Humanities	140	60	80
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10
54. History	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320	105	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	30	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	60	20	40
45. Social sciences	110	45	65
Business, management and public administration	610	190	420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	545	180	370
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	110	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	30	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	55	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	50	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	25	20
25. Library science	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	30	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	895	835	60
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0
14. Engineering	80	65	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	230	205	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	235	230	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	205	0
48. Precision production	120	120	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	105	95
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	30	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	80	55
Health and related fields	700	100	605
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	55	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	45	550
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	115	120
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	50	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	35	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	30	15
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,190	2,040	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,375	745	630
Education	205	65	145
13. Education	205	65	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	40	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	35	70
Humanities	100	40	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	75	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	0	35
45. Social sciences	100	40	65
Business, management and public administration	485	170	315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	435	155	275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	55	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	15	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	25	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	25	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	635	590	45
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	65	50	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170	145	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	160	155	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	145	0
48. Precision production	85	85	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	90	80
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	60	25	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	60	45
Health and related fields	470	75	395
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	35	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	390	35	355
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	180	80	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120	45	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,190	2,040	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,375	745	630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,815	1,305	1,510
Location of study inside Canada	2,420	1,140	1,285
Same as province or territory of residence	1,265	570	695
Different than province or territory of residence	1,155	560	590
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	390	165	225
Americas	115	45	70
United States of America	90	30	65
Mexico	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	165	80	90
Belgium	0	0	0
France	15	10	10
Germany	20	0	20
Netherlands	20	10	0
Switzerland	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85	40	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	15
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	55	20	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	15	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	40	15	20
Australia	35	15	20
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,610	3,255	3,355
In the labour force	4,025	2,105	1,920
Employed	3,715	1,945	1,765
Unemployed	310	160	155
Not in the labour force	2,585	1,150	1,435
Participation rate	60.9	64.7	57.2
Employment rate	56.2	59.8	52.6
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.6	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,610	3,255	3,355
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,475	1,075	1,405
Worked	4,130	2,180	1,955
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,925	1,075	850
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,210	1,100	1,110
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	40.3	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,020	2,100	1,925
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,970	2,080	1,890
Employee	3,310	1,725	1,590
Permanent position	2,535	1,355	1,180
Temporary position	775	365	415
Fixed term (1 year or more)	160	70	85
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	620	290	325
Self-employed¹⁹²	655	360	300
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,020	2,100	1,925
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,970	2,080	1,890
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	470	130	340
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	385	255	135
3 Health occupations	335	45	290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	560	140	415
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	65	70
6 Sales and service occupations	885	350	530
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	835	775	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	200	170	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	145	135	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,020	2,100	1,925
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35
All industries¹⁹¹	3,970	2,080	1,890
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	50	35	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	260	250	10
22 Utilities	35	25	10
23 Construction	275	260	20
31-33 Manufacturing	235	205	35
41 Wholesale trade	50	40	10
44-45 Retail trade	445	230	215
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	150	130	25
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	15
52 Finance and insurance	50	10	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	30	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	265	135	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	165	80	85
61 Educational services	295	70	230
62 Health care and social assistance	530	85	445
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	270	175	95
72 Accommodation and food services	325	110	210
81 Other services (except public administration)	150	75	75
91 Public administration	290	135	155
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,440	2,320	2,120
English	4,360	2,305	2,055
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	35	0	35
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,440	2,320	2,120
Single responses	4,420	2,320	2,105
Official languages	4,405	2,305	2,105
English	4,395	2,305	2,095
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	15	15	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10
English and French	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,440	2,320	2,120
None	4,390	2,315	2,075
English	10	0	0
French	20	0	20
Non-official language	20	0	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,715	1,945	1,765
Worked at home	600	285	310
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	665	460	200
Usual place of work	2,445	1,195	1,250
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,445	1,195	1,250
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,235	490	750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,035	580	455
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	25	15
Commute to a different province or territory	135	100	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,110	1,660	1,450
Car, truck or van	2,615	1,400	1,210
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,435	1,305	1,130
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	180	100	75
Public transit	50	40	15
Walked	275	115	160
Bicycle	65	25	40
Other method	105	75	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,110	1,660	1,450
Less than 15 minutes	1,260	555	710
15 to 29 minutes	935	510	425
30 to 44 minutes	575	335	240
45 to 59 minutes	110	65	40
60 minutes and over	225	190	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,110	1,660	1,450
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	170	150	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	535	385	150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	830	440	390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	700	260	445
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	415	165	255
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	450	260	190
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,605	830	770
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	65	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,480	765	710
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,205	650	555
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	45	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,110	600	510

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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