Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Hope, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,686	...	...
Population, 2016¹	6,181	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	8.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,243	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,939	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	163.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	40.87	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,685	3,300	3,385
0 to 14 years	800	405	390
0 to 4 years	260	130	135
5 to 9 years	245	120	120
10 to 14 years	290	155	135
15 to 64 years	3,805	1,895	1,910
15 to 19 years	270	140	130
20 to 24 years	250	125	120
25 to 29 years	280	150	130
30 to 34 years	325	150	180
35 to 39 years	305	160	150
40 to 44 years	315	170	145
45 to 49 years	365	155	205
50 to 54 years	465	225	235
55 to 59 years	555	275	280
60 to 64 years	670	335	335
65 years and over	2,085	1,005	1,080
65 to 69 years	640	315	325
70 to 74 years	550	260	295
75 to 79 years	435	205	230
80 to 84 years	260	125	135
85 years and over	190	95	95
85 to 89 years	135	75	60
90 to 94 years	45	15	25
95 to 99 years	10	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	12.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	56.9	57.4	56.4
65 years and over	31.2	30.5	31.9
85 years and over	2.8	2.9	2.8
Average age of the population	49.5	48.9	50.0
Median age of the population	54.8	54.0	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,940	...	...
Single-detached house	2,175	...	...
Semi-detached house	75	...	...
Row house	190	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	205	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	255	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,935	...	...
1 person	980	...	...
2 persons	1,200	...	...
3 persons	345	...	...
4 persons	240	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,330	3,115	3,215
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,890	2,895	2,995
Married or living common-law	3,285	1,650	1,640
Married	2,615	1,315	1,300
Living common-law	675	335	335
Living common law - Never married	420	220	205
Living common law - Separated	55	30	30
Living common law - Divorced	155	80	75
Living common law - Widowed	45	10	30
Not married and not living common-law	2,605	1,245	1,355
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,415	800	615
Not married and not living common law - Separated	220	95	120
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	490	220	265
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	480	130	350
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,870	...	...
2 persons	1,235	...	...
3 persons	315	...	...
4 persons	210	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,870	...	...
Total couple families	1,555	...	...
Married couples	1,220	...	...
With children⁶	400	...	...
Without children	820	...	...
Common-law couples	335	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...
Without children	210	...	...
Total one-parent families	315	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	230	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	80	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,335	3,115	3,215
Total - Persons in census families	4,850	2,410	2,440
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,110	1,555	1,550
Parents in one-parent families	315	85	230
Children⁶	1,430	770	655
In a two-parent family	960	510	455
In a one-parent family	465	265	200
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,485	705	780
Living alone	980	465	515
Living with other relatives⁷	195	75	115
Living with non-relatives only	310	160	145
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,940	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,615	...	...
Couple-family households	1,395	...	...
With children⁶	450	...	...
Without children	945	...	...
One-parent-family households	220	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	115	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	140	...	...
One-person households	980	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,550	2,715	2,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,450	2,670	2,780
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,400	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,455	2,675	2,775
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,550	2,260	2,285
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,600	34,400	20,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,175	1,625	1,545
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,000	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,790	2,270	2,515
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,500	15,000	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	450	205	245
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,130	530	600
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,585	2,755	2,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,480	2,705	2,775
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,560	50,600	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,480	2,710	2,775
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,280	43,400	33,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,560	2,290	2,270
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,760	46,160	29,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,140	1,680	1,465
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,280	50,000	33,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,780	2,300	2,480
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,860	13,620	14,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	210	185
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,040	7,350
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,100	550	555
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	9,400	9,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,585	2,755	2,830
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,360	750	610
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	61,600	50,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,200	72,600	54,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,335	675	665
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,400	19,200	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,680	33,300	21,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.2	77.2	65.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.7	61.2	48.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.8	22.9	34.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	4.9	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.8	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,550	2,715	2,840
Without total income	105	45	60
With total income	5,450	2,670	2,775
Under $10,000 (including loss)	450	175	280
$10,000 to $19,999	825	340	480
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060	455	600
$30,000 to $39,999	805	335	465
$40,000 to $49,999	680	345	335
$50,000 to $59,999	470	250	225
$60,000 to $69,999	300	175	125
$70,000 to $79,999	245	160	80
$80,000 to $89,999	155	110	50
$90,000 to $99,999	130	85	40
$100,000 and over	335	240	95
$100,000 to $149,999	245	175	75
$150,000 and over	85	70	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,550	2,715	2,840
Without after-tax income	95	40	55
With after-tax income	5,455	2,680	2,780
Under $10,000 (including loss)	480	185	290
$10,000 to $19,999	840	350	495
$20,000 to $29,999	1,165	510	650
$30,000 to $39,999	945	420	525
$40,000 to $49,999	705	380	330
$50,000 to $59,999	435	220	210
$60,000 to $69,999	300	195	100
$70,000 to $79,999	200	145	55
$80,000 to $89,999	150	100	50
$90,000 to $99,999	80	55	20
$100,000 and over	160	120	40
$100,000 to $124,999	80	60	25
$125,000 and over	80	55	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,550	2,715	2,840
Without employment income	2,380	1,090	1,295
With employment income	3,170	1,625	1,545
Under $5,000 (including loss)	540	240	300
$5,000 to $9,999	245	105	140
$10,000 to $19,999	400	175	220
$20,000 to $29,999	325	130	195
$30,000 to $39,999	370	165	205
$40,000 to $49,999	285	135	145
$50,000 to $59,999	225	125	100
$60,000 to $69,999	185	95	85
$70,000 to $79,999	155	120	35
$80,000 to $89,999	100	70	30
$90,000 to $99,999	90	65	30
$100,000 and over	250	195	55
$100,000 to $124,999	145	105	35
$125,000 and over	110	90	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,550	2,715	2,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,350	2,620	2,730
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	38,800	27,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,365	2,625	2,740
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	35,200	26,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,575	2,275	2,300
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	33,600	21,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,440	1,745	1,700
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	36,400	23,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,150	1,900	2,250
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,400	13,500	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	415	195	220
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,760	6,080	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,585	2,755	2,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,370	2,640	2,730
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	49,000	34,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,380	2,640	2,740
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,880	41,560	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,635	2,315	2,320
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,520	46,200	28,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,425	1,765	1,660
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	47,960	29,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,140	1,895	2,240
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,790	11,830	11,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	395	185	215
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,920	7,100	8,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,585	2,755	2,830
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,355	745	610
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	60,400	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,050	69,400	48,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,285	630	655
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	22,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,080	37,000	23,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.0	82.6	71.8
Employment income (%)	59.7	65.6	51.7
Government transfers (%)	21.9	17.3	28.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,935	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	980	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,960	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,940	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	965	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,935	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	145	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	215	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	145	...	...
$100,000 and over	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	205	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,935	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	315	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	285	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...
$150,000 and over	190	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,865	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	965	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	285	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,285	625	660
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	34,400	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	32,400	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,890	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	980	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,275	630	645
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,200	46,000	38,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,700	40,400	35,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,330	3,115	3,220
0 to 17 years	940	480	460
0 to 5 years	310	155	155
18 to 64 years	3,455	1,700	1,760
65 years and over	1,935	935	1,000
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	905	425	480
0 to 17 years	150	80	70
0 to 5 years	50	20	25
18 to 64 years	425	200	225
65 years and over	330	140	185
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.3	13.7	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.4	16.8	15.6
0 to 5 years (%)	16.5	15.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	11.8	12.7
65 years and over (%)	17.0	15.4	18.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,335	3,115	3,215
0 to 17 years	945	485	460
0 to 5 years	310	155	155
18 to 64 years	3,455	1,695	1,755
65 years and over	1,935	935	1,000
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	190	95	95
0 to 17 years	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	145	75	70
65 years and over	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.0	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	2.8	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	x	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.2	3.9
65 years and over (%)	0.8	1.0	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,330	3,115	3,215
In bottom half of the distribution	3,940	1,905	2,035
In bottom decile	810	385	420
In second decile	850	415	435
In third decile	865	415	445
In fourth decile	765	365	395
In fifth decile	650	315	335
In top half of the distribution	2,395	1,210	1,185
In sixth decile	575	290	285
In seventh decile	520	250	270
In eighth decile	535	280	255
In ninth decile	390	200	195
In top decile	375	195	180
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,335	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.478	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.277	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,615	3,265	3,350
English only	6,335	3,145	3,190
French only	0	0	0
English and French	255	110	145
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,615	3,265	3,350
English	6,500	3,210	3,300
French	75	40	30
English and French	15	5	5
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,615	3,265	3,350
Single responses	6,465	3,190	3,270
Official languages	5,935	2,955	2,980
English	5,855	2,905	2,945
French	80	45	40
Non-official languages	535	245	290
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	530	240	290
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	15	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	380	185	190
Albanian	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	85	90
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	100	50	55
German	100	45	55
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	30
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	50	25	30
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	10
Danish	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	0
Swedish	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10
Portuguese	15	10	5
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	15
Korean	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15
Chinese languages	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	5	0	5
Thai	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5
Estonian	5	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0
Hungarian	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	70	75
English and French	20	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	115	60	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,615	3,265	3,350
English	6,110	3,035	3,075
French	5	5	5
Non-official language	50	20	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30
English and French	30	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	395	185	215
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,615	3,265	3,350
Single responses	6,535	3,225	3,305
Official languages	6,360	3,145	3,210
English	6,355	3,145	3,205
French	5	0	5
Non-official languages	170	80	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	80	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	50	55
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10
German	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10
Chinese languages	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	40	40
English and French	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,615	3,270	3,350
None	6,235	3,090	3,145
English	100	45	50
French	25	10	15
Non-official language	215	95	125
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	5
Non-Indigenous	200	90	115
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,335	3,145	3,185
Official languages	6,315	3,135	3,180
English	6,315	3,135	3,180
French	280	90	190
Non-official languages	800	415	385
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	10	10
Halkomelem	20	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	775	405	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	10	40
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	615	345	270
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	40	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	40	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	165	110
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	180	115	70
German	180	110	70
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	115	60	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	95	50	40
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	0
Danish	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	50
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	70	40	35
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	45	35
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	55	25	25
Portuguese	30	0	15
Romanian	15	10	0
Spanish	95	55	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	20
Korean	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	35	20
Chinese languages	45	30	20
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,335	3,145	3,185
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	720	305	415
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	685	300	395
First Nations (North American Indian)	450	190	260
Métis	235	105	130
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	35	10	25
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,615	2,845	2,770
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,335	3,145	3,185
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	245	100	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,085	3,050	3,035
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,940	...	...
Owner	2,330	...	...
Renter	605	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,940	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...
Not condominium	2,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,940	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	275	...	...
2 bedrooms	810	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,030	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,940	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	790	...	...
5 rooms	450	...	...
6 rooms	430	...	...
7 rooms	420	...	...
8 or more rooms	850	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,940	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,905	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,940	...	...
Suitable	2,850	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,940	...	...
1960 or before	450	...	...
1961 to 1980	960	...	...
1981 to 1990	425	...	...
1991 to 2000	460	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...
2006 to 2010	170	...	...
2011 to 2015	105	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,940	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,720	...	...
Major repairs needed	220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,940	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,505	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,315	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	125	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,940	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	235	...	...
35 to 44 years	305	...	...
45 to 54 years	395	...	...
55 to 64 years	700	...	...
65 to 74 years	650	...	...
75 to 84 years	460	...	...
85 years and over	145	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,930	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,320	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	605	...	...
30% to less than 100%	575	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,940	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	805	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	510	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	140	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,895	...	...
In core need	180	...	...
Not in core need	2,715	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	725	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,071	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	595,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	605	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,020	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,330	3,145	3,185
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	210	100	110
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	205	100	105
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	165	75	85
Métis single ancestry	40	25	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	555	240	315
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	540	230	310
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	395	165	230
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	70	80
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,565	2,810	2,760
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,330	3,150	3,190
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,080	3,015	3,065
Canadian citizens aged under 18	875	455	415
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,205	2,560	2,650
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	255	130	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,330	3,150	3,190
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,375	2,660	2,720
Immigrants⁸¹	900	455	440
Before 1980	390	205	190
1980 to 1990	185	100	90
1991 to 2000	115	55	60
2001 to 2010	85	35	50
2011 to 2021⁸²	120	65	60
2011 to 2015	80	40	35
2016 to 2021	45	20	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	35	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	900	455	445
Under 5 years	100	45	50
5 to 14 years	190	95	90
15 to 24 years	210	95	120
25 to 44 years	340	185	160
45 years and over	60	35	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	900	455	445
Americas	155	70	85
Brazil	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	25
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	110	50	65
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	495	270	225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	55	35	20
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0
Italy	15	10	10
Netherlands	70	40	25
Poland	25	20	0
Portugal	20	10	15
Romania	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	195	95	100
Other places of birth in Europe	85	45	35
Africa	25	20	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	175	80	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	30	15	15
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	25
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	10	30
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	20	25
Americas	25	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,335	3,145	3,185
First generation¹⁰⁰	970	500	475
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,200	590	615
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,160	2,065	2,095
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	505	255	260
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	270	135	130
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	125	80	40
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	145	55	90
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	190	80	105
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	30	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	505	255	260
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85	35	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	395	205	190
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,335	3,145	3,185
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	490	210	275
South Asian	100	55	45
Chinese	70	35	35
Black	15	10	0
Filipino	60	30	40
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	40	10	30
Southeast Asian	25	10	15
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	0
Japanese	110	40	70
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities	25	0	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,845	2,935	2,910
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,335	3,150	3,190
Canadian	815	390	425
English	1,805	895	910
Irish	1,015	495	525
Scottish	1,405	655	755
French, n.o.s.¹²²	605	290	320
German	995	475	515
Chinese	100	45	55
Italian	195	110	85
Indian (India)	55	30	25
Ukrainian	295	165	130
Dutch	360	180	180
Polish	165	80	85
Québécois	10	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	305	160	145
Filipino	75	25	45
French Canadian	90	50	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	215	100	110
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	375	155	215
Métis	205	95	110
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	130	65	65
Russian	205	95	120
Norwegian	270	150	120
Welsh	175	105	70
Portuguese	40	20	20
American	105	50	55
Spanish	40	25	15
Swedish	200	110	85
Hungarian	55	20	35
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	15	0
Jewish	60	30	30
Punjabi	30	15	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	15
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	65	25	35
Korean	20	15	10
Romanian	45	35	10
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	85	50	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	10	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	90	40	45
Belgian	30	15	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	45	25	15
Mexican	85	35	55
Mennonite	55	30	30
Swiss	70	30	40
Finnish	25	20	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	130	50	85
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	0	25
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	50	30	20
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	20	20
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	25	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0
Australian	25	15	15
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	0	20
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	10	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0
Albertan	10	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	50	20	30
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,335	3,145	3,185
Buddhist	20	10	10
Christian	2,645	1,200	1,440
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	750	345	410
Anabaptist	25	15	10
Anglican	245	85	160
Baptist	170	65	110
Catholic	685	330	350
Christian Orthodox	35	20	15
Jehovah's Witness	30	15	15
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	60	30	30
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35	20	15
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	40	55
Presbyterian	15	10	10
Reformed	10	10	0
United Church	305	145	160
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	175	70	105
Hindu	65	45	25
Jewish	20	10	10
Muslim	15	0	10
Sikh	45	20	30
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	15	10	10
Other religions and spiritual traditions	130	40	85
No religion and secular perspectives	3,375	1,800	1,570
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,300	3,135	3,170
Non-movers	5,555	2,795	2,760
Movers	745	335	415
Non-migrants	265	95	165
Migrants	485	235	245
Internal migrants	460	235	225
Intraprovincial migrants	430	220	215
Interprovincial migrants	30	20	15
External migrants	20	0	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,130	3,050	3,075
Non-movers	3,460	1,720	1,735
Movers	2,670	1,335	1,335
Non-migrants	635	260	375
Migrants	2,040	1,075	970
Internal migrants	1,930	1,020	910
Intraprovincial migrants	1,685	885	800
Interprovincial migrants	250	140	110
External migrants	105	50	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,585	2,755	2,830
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,300	675	625
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,285	2,080	2,205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,165	1,535	1,630
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	530	245	280
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,640	1,285	1,350
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,585	2,760	2,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,150	580	575
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,950	915	1,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,490	1,265	1,225
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,860	1,015	845
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	655	495	160
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	310	185	120
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	345	310	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	960	425	545
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	95	140
Bachelor's degree or higher	630	250	380
Bachelor's degree	385	165	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	30	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	150	55	100
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,165	1,535	1,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	465	220	245
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,075	540	535
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,625	775	855
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,205	610	595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	390	295	100
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	190	110	75
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	205	185	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	645	260	390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	60	105
Bachelor's degree or higher	425	160	260
Bachelor's degree	275	120	150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	20	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	90	10	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,585	2,760	2,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,100	1,490	1,605
Education	195	40	155
13. Education	195	40	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	40	55
Humanities	125	50	80
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0	20
54. History	25	0	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	65	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	10	35
45. Social sciences	50	35	15
Business, management and public administration	390	125	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	120	240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	25	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	40	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	40	15
25. Library science	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	690	640	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	80	65	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	105	90	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	150	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205	205	0
48. Precision production	125	115	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	45	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	25	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	0
Health and related fields	395	85	315
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	25	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	365	60	305
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	100	80
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95	35	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,170	1,535	1,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,540	760	775
Education	105	10	90
13. Education	105	10	90
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	20	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	35
Humanities	75	15	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10
54. History	25	0	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	55	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	35	10	25
45. Social sciences	40	25	15
Business, management and public administration	265	85	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	80	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	30	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	30	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	420	375	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	40	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	95	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	115	115	0
48. Precision production	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	25	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0
Health and related fields	270	70	205
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	250	50	195
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	60	65
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	15	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,170	1,535	1,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,540	760	775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,630	770	860
Location of study inside Canada	1,455	695	765
Same as province or territory of residence	1,175	555	620
Different than province or territory of residence	280	140	140
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	175	80	95
Americas	50	10	40
United States of America	30	0	25
Mexico	15	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	70	40	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	25	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	40	20	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,585	2,760	2,830
In the labour force	2,790	1,440	1,355
Employed	2,470	1,270	1,200
Unemployed	325	170	155
Not in the labour force	2,800	1,320	1,480
Participation rate	50.0	52.2	47.9
Employment rate	44.2	46.0	42.4
Unemployment rate	11.6	11.8	11.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,585	2,760	2,830
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,715	1,265	1,455
Worked	2,870	1,490	1,375
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,405	770	630
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,465	725	740
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	40.6	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,790	1,435	1,350
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	40	30
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,725	1,395	1,330
Employee	2,215	1,080	1,135
Permanent position	1,840	895	940
Temporary position	375	180	190
Fixed term (1 year or more)	100	45	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	275	135	135
Self-employed¹⁹²	515	315	195
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,790	1,435	1,350
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	40	30
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,725	1,395	1,330
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	25	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	295	55	235
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	115	100	20
3 Health occupations	205	50	150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	330	90	235
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	25	35
6 Sales and service occupations	825	295	530
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	640	585	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	95	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100	70	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,790	1,435	1,350
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	40	30
All industries¹⁹¹	2,725	1,395	1,330
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	75	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0
22 Utilities	30	25	0
23 Construction	290	245	40
31-33 Manufacturing	220	165	55
41 Wholesale trade	50	45	10
44-45 Retail trade	390	155	235
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	140	115	30
51 Information and cultural industries	40	15	25
52 Finance and insurance	80	35	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	20	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	125	70	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	105	60	40
61 Educational services	135	20	110
62 Health care and social assistance	345	75	270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	30	20
72 Accommodation and food services	260	65	195
81 Other services (except public administration)	135	70	65
91 Public administration	145	70	75
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,125	1,635	1,490
English	3,095	1,615	1,475
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,125	1,635	1,490
Single responses	3,125	1,635	1,490
Official languages	3,125	1,635	1,490
English	3,125	1,635	1,490
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,125	1,635	1,490
None	3,095	1,615	1,475
English	0	0	0
French	10	0	0
Non-official language	20	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,470	1,270	1,200
Worked at home	385	180	205
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	435	340	95
Usual place of work	1,650	750	895
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,650	750	895
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,150	440	710
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	325	190	135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	155	100	50
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,080	1,090	995
Car, truck or van	1,820	975	845
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,675	910	765
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	145	65	85
Public transit	10	0	10
Walked	185	65	120
Bicycle	25	25	0
Other method	40	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,080	1,090	995
Less than 15 minutes	1,180	525	655
15 to 29 minutes	275	145	130
30 to 44 minutes	220	125	95
45 to 59 minutes	100	65	35
60 minutes and over	305	230	75
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,080	1,090	995
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	235	195	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	365	210	160
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	395	170	230
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	410	155	250
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	290	120	170
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	385	240	145
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	960	490	465
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	15	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	920	480	445
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	685	360	325
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	20
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	650	345	305

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table