Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sidney, Town (T)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,318	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,672	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,321	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,981	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,412.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,320	5,525	6,795
0 to 14 years	1,090	540	550
0 to 4 years	330	165	165
5 to 9 years	395	190	200
10 to 14 years	365	185	180
15 to 64 years	5,685	2,695	2,990
15 to 19 years	420	240	180
20 to 24 years	365	180	185
25 to 29 years	420	215	205
30 to 34 years	445	225	215
35 to 39 years	540	270	265
40 to 44 years	515	250	265
45 to 49 years	495	245	250
50 to 54 years	640	270	370
55 to 59 years	815	355	460
60 to 64 years	1,025	440	585
65 years and over	5,545	2,290	3,255
65 to 69 years	1,210	490	720
70 to 74 years	1,235	535	700
75 to 79 years	1,110	480	630
80 to 84 years	840	360	475
85 years and over	1,150	425	725
85 to 89 years	645	275	375
90 to 94 years	390	125	260
95 to 99 years	105	20	80
100 years and over	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.8	9.8	8.1
15 to 64 years	46.1	48.8	44.0
65 years and over	45.0	41.4	47.9
85 years and over	9.3	7.7	10.7
Average age of the population	56.0	53.8	57.9
Median age of the population	62.0	59.6	64.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,985	...	...
Single-detached house	2,080	...	...
Semi-detached house	505	...	...
Row house	615	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	790	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,765	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,980	...	...
1 person	2,310	...	...
2 persons	2,490	...	...
3 persons	560	...	...
4 persons	390	...	...
5 or more persons	225	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,780	5,315	6,460
Average household size	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,230	4,985	6,245
Married or living common-law	6,550	3,260	3,285
Married	5,560	2,765	2,795
Living common-law	990	495	495
Living common law - Never married	530	270	260
Living common law - Separated	50	25	25
Living common law - Divorced	350	170	175
Living common law - Widowed	60	30	30
Not married and not living common-law	4,680	1,725	2,955
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,985	1,055	935
Not married and not living common law - Separated	305	125	180
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,080	310	775
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,310	240	1,075
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,595	...	...
2 persons	2,580	...	...
3 persons	525	...	...
4 persons	355	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,595	...	...
Total couple families	3,165	...	...
Married couples	2,675	...	...
With children⁶	760	...	...
Without children	1,915	...	...
Common-law couples	490	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...
Without children	370	...	...
Total one-parent families	425	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	335	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	90	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,775	5,315	6,465
Total - Persons in census families	8,860	4,355	4,500
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,330	3,160	3,170
Parents in one-parent families	430	90	335
Children⁶	2,095	1,105	990
In a two-parent family	1,495	780	715
In a one-parent family	600	325	275
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,920	960	1,965
Living alone	2,310	680	1,630
Living with other relatives⁷	260	95	165
Living with non-relatives only	350	185	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,980	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,225	...	...
Couple-family households	2,880	...	...
With children⁶	760	...	...
Without children	2,120	...	...
One-parent-family households	340	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	95	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	155	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	160	...	...
One-person households	2,310	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,695	4,775	5,915
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,525	4,700	5,825
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	51,600	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,530	4,700	5,830
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	46,000	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,865	4,445	5,415
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	42,800	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,875	2,910	2,970
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,175	3,900	5,280
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,300	14,300	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	640	275	365
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,040	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,810	800	1,005
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,695	4,780	5,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,570	4,720	5,850
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,150	60,500	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,570	4,720	5,850
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,880	51,900	41,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,865	4,445	5,420
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,040	53,400	38,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,875	2,920	2,955
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,560	49,320	37,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,235	3,925	5,310
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,730	12,370	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	615	265	350
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,300	5,280	7,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,800	775	1,020
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,620	8,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,690	4,780	5,915
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,575	1,365	1,210
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	68,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,500	74,000	60,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,340	1,040	1,305
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	23,800	14,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	34,200	23,380
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.0	75.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	45.6	50.4	40.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9	17.0	25.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.8	3.1	4.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	2.3	3.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,690	4,780	5,915
Without total income	165	80	90
With total income	10,525	4,695	5,825
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	220	330
$10,000 to $19,999	1,085	375	705
$20,000 to $29,999	1,645	585	1,065
$30,000 to $39,999	1,440	545	895
$40,000 to $49,999	1,335	540	790
$50,000 to $59,999	1,150	515	640
$60,000 to $69,999	870	460	410
$70,000 to $79,999	670	355	310
$80,000 to $89,999	505	275	225
$90,000 to $99,999	325	190	140
$100,000 and over	960	635	320
$100,000 to $149,999	640	435	205
$150,000 and over	320	205	110
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,690	4,780	5,915
Without after-tax income	160	80	85
With after-tax income	10,530	4,705	5,830
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	230	385
$10,000 to $19,999	1,140	390	745
$20,000 to $29,999	1,835	660	1,175
$30,000 to $39,999	1,690	650	1,045
$40,000 to $49,999	1,545	665	885
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	605	565
$60,000 to $69,999	880	465	415
$70,000 to $79,999	530	310	220
$80,000 to $89,999	380	230	150
$90,000 to $99,999	215	140	70
$100,000 and over	525	355	175
$100,000 to $124,999	235	160	75
$125,000 and over	285	190	100
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,690	4,780	5,915
Without employment income	4,815	1,870	2,945
With employment income	5,880	2,910	2,970
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,040	515	525
$5,000 to $9,999	450	190	260
$10,000 to $19,999	655	290	365
$20,000 to $29,999	475	195	275
$30,000 to $39,999	530	235	290
$40,000 to $49,999	525	245	280
$50,000 to $59,999	560	240	315
$60,000 to $69,999	400	220	185
$70,000 to $79,999	330	185	140
$80,000 to $89,999	255	160	95
$90,000 to $99,999	190	110	80
$100,000 and over	465	320	145
$100,000 to $124,999	235	150	80
$125,000 and over	230	165	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,695	4,775	5,915
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,410	4,630	5,775
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	51,200	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,425	4,635	5,785
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,870	4,410	5,460
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	44,400	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,595	3,150	3,445
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,800	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,845	3,150	4,685
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,300	14,100	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	425	165	255
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,040	4,640	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,695	4,780	5,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,425	4,645	5,785
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,560	59,100	43,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,440	4,645	5,795
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120	50,000	37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,840	4,410	5,430
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,850	36,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,600	3,190	3,410
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	48,920	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,935	3,160	4,770
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,400	11,670	11,230
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	170	275
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,880	6,500	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,690	4,780	5,915
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,565	1,355	1,215
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	65,500	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,950	71,200	55,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,270	1,005	1,265
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	32,000	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,320	45,100	27,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.8	86.6	78.8
Employment income (%)	51.0	56.8	44.7
Government transfers (%)	17.2	13.4	21.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,980	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,310	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,670	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,985	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,665	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,980	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	250	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	370	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	335	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,145	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	705	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	510	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	545	...	...
$200,000 and over	385	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,980	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	260	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	530	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	755	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	445	...	...
$150,000 and over	540	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,570	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,175	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	890	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,660	865	1,795
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	47,600	42,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	42,800	39,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,590	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,180	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	395	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,650	875	1,775
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,550	58,300	55,650
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,160	49,300	47,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,780	5,315	6,460
0 to 17 years	1,345	680	660
0 to 5 years	400	200	195
18 to 64 years	5,355	2,500	2,855
65 years and over	5,080	2,135	2,950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	960	355	605
0 to 17 years	110	65	50
0 to 5 years	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	355	145	210
65 years and over	495	150	345
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.1	6.7	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.8	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	6.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	5.9	7.4
65 years and over (%)	9.7	6.9	11.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,775	5,315	6,465
0 to 17 years	1,340	685	660
0 to 5 years	400	200	195
18 to 64 years	5,355	2,505	2,850
65 years and over	5,080	2,130	2,945
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	310	140	170
0 to 17 years	40	25	15
0 to 5 years	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	185	85	100
65 years and over	90	30	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	3.8	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	3.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.4	3.6
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,780	5,315	6,460
In bottom half of the distribution	5,325	2,225	3,105
In bottom decile	775	300	470
In second decile	1,040	390	650
In third decile	1,110	470	635
In fourth decile	1,100	485	615
In fifth decile	1,310	575	730
In top half of the distribution	6,450	3,095	3,360
In sixth decile	1,295	595	700
In seventh decile	1,415	670	745
In eighth decile	1,380	675	705
In ninth decile	1,250	610	645
In top decile	1,110	550	565
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,775	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.418	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,020	5,430	6,590
English only	11,035	5,010	6,030
French only	5	0	5
English and French	940	400	540
Neither English nor French	35	20	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,020	5,430	6,590
English	11,805	5,330	6,475
French	170	75	95
English and French	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	35	20	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,020	5,430	6,590
Single responses	11,840	5,340	6,495
Official languages	10,630	4,815	5,810
English	10,440	4,735	5,700
French	190	80	110
Non-official languages	1,215	530	685
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,210	530	680
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	275	120	155
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	15	10
Ilocano	5	5	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	95	125
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Creole languages	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	675	295	375
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	60
Baltic languages	5	5	5
Latvian	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	35	60
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	10
Russian	35	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	5
Serbian	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	5	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	370	175	190
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	175	85	95
German	175	80	90
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130	65	65
Afrikaans	10	10	5
Dutch	115	55	60
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	60	30	30
Danish	20	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	10	20
Swedish	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	50	85
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	25	5	20
Portuguese	40	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	65	25	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20
Korean	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	70
Chinese languages	125	55	70
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	25	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15
Estonian	5	0	5
Finnish	5	5	5
Hungarian	15	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	85	95
English and French	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	130	60	70
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,020	5,430	6,590
English	10,890	4,930	5,960
French	20	5	10
Non-official language	225	115	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	225	115	115
English and French	100	35	65
English and non-official language(s)	735	330	405
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,020	5,430	6,590
Single responses	11,880	5,360	6,515
Official languages	11,455	5,160	6,290
English	11,415	5,145	6,265
French	40	20	20
Non-official languages	425	200	230
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	425	200	225
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	20	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	170	75	95
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Cebuano	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	60	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	60	70
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10
German	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	40
Chinese languages	75	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	65	70
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	130	65	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,020	5,425	6,595
None	11,250	5,105	6,145
English	190	85	105
French	80	25	60
Non-official language	415	180	240
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	415	180	235
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	15	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,780	5,320	6,460
Official languages	11,745	5,305	6,440
English	11,745	5,305	6,440
French	810	310	500
Non-official languages	1,760	710	1,050
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,760	710	1,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	0	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	370	145	225
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	25	20	0
Cebuano	20	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10
Ilocano	25	15	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350	135	215
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	30	10
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,065	430	640
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	40	100
Baltic languages	10	0	10
Latvian	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	40	95
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20
Russian	45	0	40
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	15
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	470	205	265
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	265	125	140
German	265	125	140
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	160	60	105
Afrikaans	35	15	20
Dutch	130	45	85
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	70	30	40
Danish	30	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10
Swedish	35	20	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	65
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	65
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	45	30	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	30	45
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	355	140	215
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	35
Portuguese	55	25	30
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	245	90	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	25	30
American Sign Language	60	25	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	65	95
Chinese languages	165	65	95
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	25	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	20
Estonian	10	0	10
Finnish	15	10	0
Hungarian	15	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,780	5,320	6,460
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	395	215	185
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	370	200	165
First Nations (North American Indian)	210	120	90
Métis	160	85	75
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	20
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0
Non-Indigenous identity	11,380	5,100	6,280
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,780	5,320	6,460
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	70	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,645	5,250	6,395
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,980	...	...
Owner	4,595	...	...
Renter	1,385	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,980	...	...
Condominium	2,045	...	...
Not condominium	3,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,980	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...
1 bedroom	780	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,380	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,760	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,980	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,875	...	...
5 rooms	1,225	...	...
6 rooms	950	...	...
7 rooms	675	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,255	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,980	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,935	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,980	...	...
Suitable	5,835	...	...
Not suitable	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,980	...	...
1960 or before	310	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,305	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,290	...	...
1991 to 2000	805	...	...
2001 to 2005	270	...	...
2006 to 2010	290	...	...
2011 to 2015	220	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,980	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,725	...	...
Major repairs needed	255	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,980	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,210	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,545	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,980	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	365	...	...
35 to 44 years	515	...	...
45 to 54 years	570	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,085	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,495	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,250	...	...
85 years and over	660	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,970	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,680	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,295	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,980	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,575	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,190	...	...
Not suitable only	115	...	...
Major repairs needed only	165	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,405	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,840	...	...
In core need	700	...	...
Not in core need	5,140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,595	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	44.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,219	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	798,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,385	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	43.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	27.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,542	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,775	5,315	6,465
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	120	70	50
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	110	70	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	105	60	40
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	365	175	190
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	335	165	175
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	105	110
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125	65	65
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,295	5,075	6,215
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,780	5,315	6,460
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,210	5,090	6,120
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,305	665	635
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,905	4,420	5,485
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	570	230	345
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,780	5,315	6,460
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,045	4,155	4,890
Immigrants⁸¹	2,675	1,120	1,555
Before 1980	1,535	650	885
1980 to 1990	205	70	135
1991 to 2000	235	105	130
2001 to 2010	305	135	170
2011 to 2021⁸²	390	160	230
2011 to 2015	180	70	105
2016 to 2021	215	90	125
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	40	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,670	1,120	1,555
Under 5 years	260	115	140
5 to 14 years	420	175	245
15 to 24 years	610	250	355
25 to 44 years	1,100	435	665
45 years and over	285	140	145
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,670	1,120	1,555
Americas	385	175	210
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	20	0
Mexico	25	0	20
Peru	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	290	130	165
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	15
Europe	1,550	640	910
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	10
France	20	0	15
Germany	120	60	65
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	25	15	10
Netherlands	115	35	80
Poland	25	10	15
Portugal	50	30	25
Romania	10	10	0
Russian Federation	25	0	25
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	945	380	560
Other places of birth in Europe	170	85	85
Africa	105	45	55
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	35
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	15
Asia	585	235	350
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	325	140	190
Viet Nam	40	20	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	55	15	35
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	30	55
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	50	20	30
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	215	90	125
Americas	35	0	25
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	160	60	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	20	10	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	110	50	65
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,780	5,320	6,460
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,860	1,215	1,645
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,535	1,210	1,325
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,375	2,895	3,490
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,140	475	665
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	685	305	380
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	345	170	175
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	340	135	205
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	395	135	255
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	25	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,140	475	665
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	290	110	185
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	35	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	765	320	450
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,780	5,320	6,460
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,045	475	575
South Asian	140	65	75
Chinese	205	95	110
Black	60	25	35
Filipino	425	165	255
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	60	20	35
Southeast Asian	60	45	20
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	40	40	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	15
Multiple visible minorities	30	0	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,730	4,840	5,890
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,780	5,315	6,460
Canadian	1,105	530	575
English	4,195	1,890	2,305
Irish	2,035	875	1,160
Scottish	3,150	1,425	1,725
French, n.o.s.¹²²	915	405	505
German	1,435	670	765
Chinese	220	95	130
Italian	340	145	190
Indian (India)	130	65	65
Ukrainian	595	235	360
Dutch	550	255	300
Polish	355	155	205
Québécois	20	0	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,040	475	565
Filipino	455	175	275
French Canadian	115	55	55
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	105	55	50
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	180	85	95
Métis	170	75	95
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	340	185	150
Russian	225	80	145
Norwegian	370	160	210
Welsh	470	245	220
Portuguese	155	95	65
American	265	120	145
Spanish	90	40	50
Swedish	195	80	115
Hungarian	110	50	55
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	0	25
Jewish	70	30	40
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	30	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15
Jamaican	25	20	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	20	30
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	55	30	25
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	15	15
Danish	225	110	115
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	20	0
Sikh	20	0	20
Austrian	155	70	90
Belgian	70	25	45
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	35	0	25
Mennonite	25	10	10
Swiss	85	40	40
Finnish	80	40	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	40	10	30
Japanese	60	45	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	150	75	70
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	35	20	15
Colombian	15	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	15
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	20	15
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	15	10
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60	25	35
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10
South African	70	35	35
Australian	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10
Peruvian	20	15	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	25	15
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	30	20	15
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10
Cuban	15	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10
Indonesian	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	20	10
Northern Irish	30	15	20
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0
British Columbian	70	35	35
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	25	10	20
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	20	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	15	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	25	15	15
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	10	0	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,780	5,320	6,460
Buddhist	35	0	35
Christian	5,330	2,115	3,220
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	770	360	410
Anabaptist	20	15	0
Anglican	1,015	380	635
Baptist	210	80	135
Catholic	1,545	635	910
Christian Orthodox	35	10	30
Jehovah's Witness	70	35	40
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10
Lutheran	180	65	120
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35	20	20
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	20	45
Presbyterian	230	95	140
Reformed	15	10	10
United Church	805	265	535
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	310	125	185
Hindu	15	15	0
Jewish	55	30	25
Muslim	25	10	15
Sikh	55	20	30
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	30	80
No religion and secular perspectives	6,150	3,100	3,045
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,745	5,290	6,455
Non-movers	10,315	4,650	5,665
Movers	1,430	645	785
Non-migrants	585	265	325
Migrants	840	380	460
Internal migrants	825	375	450
Intraprovincial migrants	720	330	390
Interprovincial migrants	105	45	60
External migrants	20	0	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,455	5,140	6,315
Non-movers	6,610	2,935	3,675
Movers	4,845	2,200	2,640
Non-migrants	1,115	485	625
Migrants	3,730	1,710	2,015
Internal migrants	3,495	1,605	1,895
Intraprovincial migrants	2,945	1,365	1,575
Interprovincial migrants	555	240	315
External migrants	230	110	125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,695	4,780	5,910
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,280	650	630
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,410	4,125	5,285
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,830	2,225	2,610
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	420	245	175
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,410	1,975	2,435
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,695	4,780	5,915
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,040	505	535
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,110	1,305	1,810
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,545	2,970	3,575
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,930	1,795	2,130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,030	800	225
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	395	245	150
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	635	555	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,490	875	1,610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	405	120	290
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,615	1,175	1,445
Bachelor's degree	1,615	690	930
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	60	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	20
Master's degree	600	265	335
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	185	135	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,830	2,220	2,610
No certificate, diploma or degree	310	175	130
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,340	630	715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,175	1,415	1,765
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,935	955	975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	540	445	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	195	145	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	345	300	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,260	460	805
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	55	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,245	460	785
Bachelor's degree	835	305	530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	15
Master's degree	305	120	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	15	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,695	4,775	5,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,150	1,810	2,340
Education	550	135	415
13. Education	550	135	415
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	75	145
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	10	20
50. Visual and performing arts	185	60	125
Humanities	310	100	210
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	10	40
23. English language and literature/letters	85	15	65
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15
54. History	55	35	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	810	265	550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	30	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	0	145
22. Legal professions and studies	110	40	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	0	35
42. Psychology	160	40	120
45. Social sciences	280	140	135
Business, management and public administration	1,215	435	785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	15	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,125	410	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	340	225	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	85	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	15	10
40. Physical sciences	125	105	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	90	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	55	55
25. Library science	50	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	30	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,285	1,210	75
04. Architecture and related services	45	35	10
14. Engineering	180	165	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	330	310	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	360	360	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	230	215	10
48. Precision production	140	135	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	50	85
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	40	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	0	30
Health and related fields	1,120	170	945
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,065	155	910
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	345	215	125
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	175	65	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	70	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	75	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,835	2,220	2,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,650	810	840
Education	165	45	125
13. Education	165	45	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	20	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	80	20	65
Humanities	120	20	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10
54. History	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415	115	305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	30	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70
22. Legal professions and studies	65	10	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20
42. Psychology	70	20	50
45. Social sciences	135	50	85
Business, management and public administration	625	220	405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	595	220	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	80	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	40	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	40	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	50	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	40	40
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	660	610	55
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10
14. Engineering	100	80	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	130	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	215	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	105	0
48. Precision production	70	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	15	50
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	20
Health and related fields	575	110	465
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530	95	435
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	190	125	70
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	45	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,835	2,220	2,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,650	810	840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,180	1,410	1,770
Location of study inside Canada	2,640	1,190	1,450
Same as province or territory of residence	1,950	850	1,100
Different than province or territory of residence	690	340	350
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	540	220	320
Americas	120	55	60
United States of America	90	45	45
Mexico	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0
Europe	125	60	65
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	10
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	40	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	245	85	160
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	185	60	125
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	25	15	15
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	25	10	15
Australia	20	0	10
New Zealand	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,695	4,780	5,915
In the labour force	5,020	2,485	2,540
Employed	4,790	2,370	2,420
Unemployed	235	110	120
Not in the labour force	5,670	2,300	3,375
Participation rate	46.9	52.0	42.9
Employment rate	44.8	49.6	40.9
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.4	4.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,695	4,775	5,915
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,520	2,260	3,255
Worked	5,180	2,515	2,660
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,680	1,415	1,265
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,500	1,100	1,395
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	42.8	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,020	2,480	2,540
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,970	2,455	2,515
Employee	4,065	1,990	2,075
Permanent position	3,510	1,755	1,755
Temporary position	555	240	315
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180	55	130
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	375	185	190
Self-employed¹⁹²	910	470	440
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,020	2,480	2,540
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,970	2,455	2,515
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55	40	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	935	230	710
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	365	265	100
3 Health occupations	420	85	330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	550	165	385
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	50	90
6 Sales and service occupations	1,420	695	725
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	890	785	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	50	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	95	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,020	2,480	2,540
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	25
All industries¹⁹¹	4,970	2,455	2,515
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	25	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0
22 Utilities	30	15	10
23 Construction	350	300	50
31-33 Manufacturing	250	170	75
41 Wholesale trade	100	80	20
44-45 Retail trade	685	350	330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285	175	110
51 Information and cultural industries	60	25	40
52 Finance and insurance	100	20	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	70	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	410	205	210
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	130	75
61 Educational services	295	80	215
62 Health care and social assistance	830	185	645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	45	70
72 Accommodation and food services	415	235	180
81 Other services (except public administration)	195	75	110
91 Public administration	460	245	210
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,550	2,700	2,855
English	5,480	2,670	2,810
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	40	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,550	2,700	2,855
Single responses	5,530	2,690	2,845
Official languages	5,525	2,690	2,835
English	5,520	2,690	2,830
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,550	2,700	2,855
None	5,505	2,675	2,825
English	0	0	0
French	30	15	20
Non-official language	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,790	2,365	2,420
Worked at home	955	370	590
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	640	470	175
Usual place of work	3,175	1,515	1,650
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,170	1,520	1,650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,425	585	850
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,660	885	770
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	45	30
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,815	1,990	1,830
Car, truck or van	2,945	1,610	1,330
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,730	1,550	1,180
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	210	60	145
Public transit	125	35	95
Walked	485	205	280
Bicycle	145	90	55
Other method	125	45	70
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,815	1,990	1,830
Less than 15 minutes	1,850	905	940
15 to 29 minutes	1,130	625	505
30 to 44 minutes	630	340	295
45 to 59 minutes	125	80	50
60 minutes and over	80	50	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,815	1,990	1,830
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	115	45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	730	440	290
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	915	495	415
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	875	370	505
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	550	215	330
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	590	345	245
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,385	710	670
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	45	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,295	665	630
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,035	535	500
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	960	495	460

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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