Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sidney, Town (T)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,318
Population, 2016¹	11,672
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.5
Total private dwellings²	6,321
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,981
Population density per square kilometre	2,412.8
Land area in square kilometres	5.11
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,320
0 to 14 years	1,090
0 to 4 years	330
5 to 9 years	395
10 to 14 years	365
15 to 64 years	5,685
15 to 19 years	420
20 to 24 years	365
25 to 29 years	420
30 to 34 years	445
35 to 39 years	540
40 to 44 years	515
45 to 49 years	495
50 to 54 years	640
55 to 59 years	815
60 to 64 years	1,025
65 years and over	5,545
65 to 69 years	1,210
70 to 74 years	1,235
75 to 79 years	1,110
80 to 84 years	840
85 years and over	1,150
85 to 89 years	645
90 to 94 years	390
95 to 99 years	105
100 years and over	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.8
15 to 64 years	46.1
65 years and over	45.0
85 years and over	9.3
Average age of the population	56.0
Median age of the population	62.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,985
Single-detached house	2,080
Semi-detached house	505
Row house	615
Apartment or flat in a duplex	790
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,765
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210
Other single-attached house	10
Movable dwelling⁴	5
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,980
1 person	2,310
2 persons	2,490
3 persons	560
4 persons	390
5 or more persons	225
Number of persons in private households	11,780
Average household size	2.0
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,230
Married or living common-law	6,550
Married	5,560
Living common-law	990
Living common law - Never married	530
Living common law - Separated	50
Living common law - Divorced	350
Living common law - Widowed	60
Not married and not living common-law	4,680
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,985
Not married and not living common law - Separated	305
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,080
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,595
2 persons	2,580
3 persons	525
4 persons	355
5 or more persons	135
Average size of census families	2.5
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,595
Total couple families	3,165
Married couples	2,675
With children⁶	760
Without children	1,915
Common-law couples	490
With children⁶	125
Without children	370
Total one-parent families	425
in which the parent is a woman+	335
in which the parent is a man+	90
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,775
Total - Persons in census families	8,860
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,330
Parents in one-parent families	430
Children⁶	2,095
In a two-parent family	1,495
In a one-parent family	600
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,920
Living alone	2,310
Living with other relatives⁷	260
Living with non-relatives only	350
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,980
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,225
Couple-family households	2,880
With children⁶	760
Without children	2,120
One-parent-family households	340
Multigenerational households⁸	95
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	155
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	160
One-person households	2,310
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,525
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,530
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,865
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,875
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,175
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	640
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,810
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,570
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,150
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,570
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,865
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,875
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,235
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	615
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,800
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,690
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,575
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,340
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	45.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,690
Without total income	165
With total income	10,525
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555
$10,000 to $19,999	1,085
$20,000 to $29,999	1,645
$30,000 to $39,999	1,440
$40,000 to $49,999	1,335
$50,000 to $59,999	1,150
$60,000 to $69,999	870
$70,000 to $79,999	670
$80,000 to $89,999	505
$90,000 to $99,999	325
$100,000 and over	960
$100,000 to $149,999	640
$150,000 and over	320
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,690
Without after-tax income	160
With after-tax income	10,530
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615
$10,000 to $19,999	1,140
$20,000 to $29,999	1,835
$30,000 to $39,999	1,690
$40,000 to $49,999	1,545
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170
$60,000 to $69,999	880
$70,000 to $79,999	530
$80,000 to $89,999	380
$90,000 to $99,999	215
$100,000 and over	525
$100,000 to $124,999	235
$125,000 and over	285
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,690
Without employment income	4,815
With employment income	5,880
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,040
$5,000 to $9,999	450
$10,000 to $19,999	655
$20,000 to $29,999	475
$30,000 to $39,999	530
$40,000 to $49,999	525
$50,000 to $59,999	560
$60,000 to $69,999	400
$70,000 to $79,999	330
$80,000 to $89,999	255
$90,000 to $99,999	190
$100,000 and over	465
$100,000 to $124,999	235
$125,000 and over	230
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,410
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,425
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,870
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,845
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	425
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,425
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,440
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,840
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,600
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,935
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,690
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,565
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,270
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	82.8
Employment income (%)	51.0
Government transfers (%)	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,980
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,310
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,670
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,985
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,900
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,100
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,300
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,280
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,665
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,800
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,500
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,980
Under $5,000	40
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	75
$20,000 to $24,999	250
$25,000 to $29,999	265
$30,000 to $34,999	205
$35,000 to $39,999	260
$40,000 to $44,999	295
$45,000 to $49,999	270
$50,000 to $59,999	520
$60,000 to $69,999	460
$70,000 to $79,999	430
$80,000 to $89,999	370
$90,000 to $99,999	335
$100,000 and over	2,145
$100,000 to $124,999	705
$125,000 to $149,999	510
$150,000 to $199,999	545
$200,000 and over	385
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,980
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	20
$10,000 to $14,999	40
$15,000 to $19,999	80
$20,000 to $24,999	260
$25,000 to $29,999	295
$30,000 to $34,999	260
$35,000 to $39,999	320
$40,000 to $44,999	330
$45,000 to $49,999	295
$50,000 to $59,999	570
$60,000 to $69,999	530
$70,000 to $79,999	450
$80,000 to $89,999	415
$90,000 to $99,999	315
$100,000 and over	1,740
$100,000 to $124,999	755
$125,000 to $149,999	445
$150,000 and over	540
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,570
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000
Average family size of economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,175
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	890
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	390
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,660
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,590
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,800
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,180
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,100
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,600
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	395
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,800
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,400
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,650
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,550
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,160
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,780
0 to 17 years	1,345
0 to 5 years	400
18 to 64 years	5,355
65 years and over	5,080
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	960
0 to 17 years	110
0 to 5 years	20
18 to 64 years	355
65 years and over	495
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7
65 years and over (%)	9.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,775
0 to 17 years	1,340
0 to 5 years	400
18 to 64 years	5,355
65 years and over	5,080
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	310
0 to 17 years	40
0 to 5 years	10
18 to 64 years	185
65 years and over	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4
65 years and over (%)	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,780
In bottom half of the distribution	5,325
In bottom decile	775
In second decile	1,040
In third decile	1,110
In fourth decile	1,100
In fifth decile	1,310
In top half of the distribution	6,450
In sixth decile	1,295
In seventh decile	1,415
In eighth decile	1,380
In ninth decile	1,250
In top decile	1,110
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,775
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.418
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,020
English only	11,035
French only	5
English and French	940
Neither English nor French	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,020
English	11,805
French	170
English and French	5
Neither English nor French	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,020
Single responses	11,840
Official languages	10,630
English	10,440
French	190
Non-official languages	1,215
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,210
Afro-Asiatic languages	35
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	35
Amharic	0
Arabic	30
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	5
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	275
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	15
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	25
Ilocano	5
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5
Creole languages	5
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	5
Kannada	0
Malayalam	5
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	675
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	95
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	20
Russian	35
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	5
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	370
Frisian	0
High German languages	175
German	175
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130
Afrikaans	10
Dutch	115
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	60
Danish	20
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	30
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	15
Indo-Iranian languages	55
Indo-Aryan languages	40
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	5
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	15
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	15
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135
Catalan	0
Italian	25
Portuguese	40
Romanian	0
Spanish	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	25
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	5
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125
Chinese languages	125
Hakka	0
Mandarin	60
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	5
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	25
Estonian	5
Finnish	5
Hungarian	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	180
English and French	25
English and non-official language(s)	130
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,020
English	10,890
French	20
Non-official language	225
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	225
English and French	100
English and non-official language(s)	735
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35
Multiple non-official languages	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,020
Single responses	11,880
Official languages	11,455
English	11,415
French	40
Non-official languages	425
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	425
Afro-Asiatic languages	20
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	20
Amharic	0
Arabic	20
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	170
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	20
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	130
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	25
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	25
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	45
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	20
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	25
Indo-Aryan languages	25
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75
Chinese languages	75
Hakka	0
Mandarin	30
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	135
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	130
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,020
None	11,250
English	190
French	80
Non-official language	415
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	415
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	40
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,780
Official languages	11,745
English	11,745
French	810
Non-official languages	1,760
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,760
Afro-Asiatic languages	25
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	25
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	370
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	25
Cebuano	20
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	10
Ilocano	25
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,065
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145
Baltic languages	10
Latvian	10
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	135
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	40
Russian	45
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	20
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	10
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	470
Frisian	0
High German languages	265
German	265
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	160
Afrikaans	35
Dutch	130
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	70
Danish	30
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	15
Swedish	35
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120
Indo-Aryan languages	120
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	45
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	15
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	355
Catalan	0
Italian	75
Portuguese	55
Romanian	0
Spanish	245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	25
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	60
American Sign Language	60
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165
Chinese languages	165
Hakka	0
Mandarin	70
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	40
Estonian	10
Finnish	15
Hungarian	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,780
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	395
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	370
First Nations (North American Indian)	210
Métis	160
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10
Non-Indigenous identity	11,380
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,780
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,645
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,980
Owner	4,595
Renter	1,385
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,980
Condominium	2,045
Not condominium	3,935
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,980
No bedrooms	55
1 bedroom	780
2 bedrooms	2,380
3 bedrooms	1,760
4 or more bedrooms	1,005
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,980
1 to 4 rooms	1,875
5 rooms	1,225
6 rooms	950
7 rooms	675
8 or more rooms	1,255
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,980
One person or fewer per room	5,935
More than one person per room	45
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,980
Suitable	5,835
Not suitable	145
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,980
1960 or before	310
1961 to 1980	2,305
1981 to 1990	1,290
1991 to 2000	805
2001 to 2005	270
2006 to 2010	290
2011 to 2015	220
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	490
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,980
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,725
Major repairs needed	255
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,980
One-maintainer household	3,210
Two-maintainer household	2,545
Three-or-more-maintainer household	225
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,980
15 to 24 years	35
25 to 34 years	365
35 to 44 years	515
45 to 54 years	570
55 to 64 years	1,085
65 to 74 years	1,495
75 to 84 years	1,250
85 years and over	660
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,970
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,680
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,295
30% to less than 100%	1,165
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,980
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,575
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,190
Not suitable only	115
Major repairs needed only	165
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	80
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,405
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,840
In core need	700
Not in core need	5,140
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,595
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	44.3
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.0
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,219
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	798,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,385
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.1
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	43.8
% in core housing need⁶³	27.7
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,542
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,775
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	120
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	110
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	105
Métis single ancestry	10
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	365
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	335
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,295
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,780
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,210
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,305
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,905
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	570
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,780
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,045
Immigrants⁸¹	2,675
Before 1980	1,535
1980 to 1990	205
1991 to 2000	235
2001 to 2010	305
2011 to 2021⁸²	390
2011 to 2015	180
2016 to 2021	215
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,670
Under 5 years	260
5 to 14 years	420
15 to 24 years	610
25 to 44 years	1,100
45 years and over	285
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,670
Americas	385
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	20
Mexico	25
Peru	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	290
Other places of birth in Americas	20
Europe	1,550
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	15
France	20
Germany	120
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	25
Netherlands	115
Poland	25
Portugal	50
Romania	10
Russian Federation	25
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	945
Other places of birth in Europe	170
Africa	105
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	15
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	65
Other places of birth in Africa	20
Asia	585
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	50
Hong Kong⁹¹	10
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	325
Viet Nam	40
Bangladesh	0
India	55
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	50
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	215
Americas	35
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	20
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	160
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	20
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	110
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,780
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,860
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,535
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,375
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,140
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	685
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	345
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	340
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	395
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,140
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	290
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	765
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,780
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,045
South Asian	140
Chinese	205
Black	60
Filipino	425
Arab	0
Latin American	60
Southeast Asian	60
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	40
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25
Multiple visible minorities	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,730
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,780
Canadian	1,105
English	4,195
Irish	2,035
Scottish	3,150
French, n.o.s.¹²²	915
German	1,435
Chinese	220
Italian	340
Indian (India)	130
Ukrainian	595
Dutch	550
Polish	355
Québécois	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,040
Filipino	455
French Canadian	115
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	105
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	180
Métis	170
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	340
Russian	225
Norwegian	370
Welsh	470
Portuguese	155
American	265
Spanish	90
Swedish	195
Hungarian	110
Acadian	0
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30
Jewish	70
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	45
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	25
Jamaican	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50
Korean	0
Romanian	55
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30
Danish	225
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20
Sikh	20
Austrian	155
Belgian	70
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	35
Mennonite	25
Swiss	85
Finnish	80
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	40
Japanese	60
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	150
Muslim	0
Egyptian	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	35
Colombian	15
Moroccan	0
Czech	20
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	35
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	25
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	30
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	70
Australian	35
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10
Peruvian	20
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	15
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	30
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10
Cuban	15
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	15
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	10
Indonesian	10
Laotian	0
Ilocano	30
Northern Irish	30
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10
British Columbian	70
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	25
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30
Coptic	0
Thai	15
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	25
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,780
Buddhist	35
Christian	5,330
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	770
Anabaptist	20
Anglican	1,015
Baptist	210
Catholic	1,545
Christian Orthodox	35
Jehovah's Witness	70
Latter Day Saints	15
Lutheran	180
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65
Presbyterian	230
Reformed	15
United Church	805
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	310
Hindu	15
Jewish	55
Muslim	25
Sikh	55
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105
No religion and secular perspectives	6,150
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,745
Non-movers	10,315
Movers	1,430
Non-migrants	585
Migrants	840
Internal migrants	825
Intraprovincial migrants	720
Interprovincial migrants	105
External migrants	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,455
Non-movers	6,610
Movers	4,845
Non-migrants	1,115
Migrants	3,730
Internal migrants	3,495
Intraprovincial migrants	2,945
Interprovincial migrants	555
External migrants	230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,695
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,280
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,410
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,830
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	420
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,410
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,040
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,545
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,030
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	395
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	635
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,490
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	405
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,615
Bachelor's degree	1,615
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50
Master's degree	600
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	185
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	310
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	540
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	195
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	345
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,260
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,245
Bachelor's degree	835
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	305
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,150
Education	550
13. Education	550
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35
50. Visual and performing arts	185
Humanities	310
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45
23. English language and literature/letters	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	30
54. History	55
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	810
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145
22. Legal professions and studies	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45
42. Psychology	160
45. Social sciences	280
Business, management and public administration	1,215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	340
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20
40. Physical sciences	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105
25. Library science	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,285
04. Architecture and related services	45
14. Engineering	180
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	330
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	230
48. Precision production	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	35
Health and related fields	1,120
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,065
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	345
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	80
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,650
Education	165
13. Education	165
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	80
Humanities	120
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70
22. Legal professions and studies	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20
42. Psychology	70
45. Social sciences	135
Business, management and public administration	625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	595
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15
40. Physical sciences	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	660
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	100
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105
48. Precision production	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	20
Health and related fields	575
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	190
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	40
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,180
Location of study inside Canada	2,640
Same as province or territory of residence	1,950
Different than province or territory of residence	690
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	540
Americas	120
United States of America	90
Mexico	10
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10
Europe	125
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	10
Netherlands	10
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	10
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	25
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	245
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	20
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	185
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	25
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	25
Australia	20
New Zealand	10
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,695
In the labour force	5,020
Employed	4,790
Unemployed	235
Not in the labour force	5,670
Participation rate	46.9
Employment rate	44.8
Unemployment rate	4.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,695
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,520
Worked	5,180
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,680
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,500
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,020
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,970
Employee	4,065
Permanent position	3,510
Temporary position	555
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	375
Self-employed¹⁹²	910
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,020
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,970
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	935
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	365
3 Health occupations	420
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	550
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140
6 Sales and service occupations	1,420
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	890
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,020
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50
All industries¹⁹¹	4,970
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20
22 Utilities	30
23 Construction	350
31-33 Manufacturing	250
41 Wholesale trade	100
44-45 Retail trade	685
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285
51 Information and cultural industries	60
52 Finance and insurance	100
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	410
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200
61 Educational services	295
62 Health care and social assistance	830
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110
72 Accommodation and food services	415
81 Other services (except public administration)	195
91 Public administration	460
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,550
English	5,480
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	40
English and non-official language(s)	25
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,550
Single responses	5,530
Official languages	5,525
English	5,520
French	0
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	20
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,550
None	5,505
English	0
French	30
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,790
Worked at home	955
Worked outside Canada	20
No fixed workplace address	640
Usual place of work	3,175
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,660
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75
Commute to a different province or territory	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,815
Car, truck or van	2,945
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,730
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	210
Public transit	125
Walked	485
Bicycle	145
Other method	125
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,815
Less than 15 minutes	1,850
15 to 29 minutes	1,130
30 to 44 minutes	630
45 to 59 minutes	125
60 minutes and over	80
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,815
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	730
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	915
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	875
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	550
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	590
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,385
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,295
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,035
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	960

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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