Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sooke, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,086
Population, 2016¹	13,001
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	16.0
Total private dwellings²	6,431
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,129
Population density per square kilometre	266.6
Land area in square kilometres	56.60
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,085
0 to 14 years	2,405
0 to 4 years	735
5 to 9 years	855
10 to 14 years	815
15 to 64 years	9,625
15 to 19 years	780
20 to 24 years	570
25 to 29 years	710
30 to 34 years	905
35 to 39 years	1,110
40 to 44 years	1,075
45 to 49 years	1,000
50 to 54 years	1,075
55 to 59 years	1,185
60 to 64 years	1,215
65 years and over	3,055
65 to 69 years	1,135
70 to 74 years	935
75 to 79 years	500
80 to 84 years	280
85 years and over	210
85 to 89 years	140
90 to 94 years	50
95 to 99 years	15
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9
15 to 64 years	63.8
65 years and over	20.3
85 years and over	1.4
Average age of the population	43.3
Median age of the population	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,130
Single-detached house	3,820
Semi-detached house	465
Row house	335
Apartment or flat in a duplex	720
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	410
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20
Other single-attached house	10
Movable dwelling⁴	355
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,130
1 person	1,495
2 persons	2,400
3 persons	960
4 persons	810
5 or more persons	460
Number of persons in private households	14,975
Average household size	2.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,680
Married or living common-law	7,955
Married	6,145
Living common-law	1,805
Living common law - Never married	1,205
Living common law - Separated	95
Living common law - Divorced	465
Living common law - Widowed	45
Not married and not living common-law	4,730
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,795
Not married and not living common law - Separated	360
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	985
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	590
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,545
2 persons	2,580
3 persons	960
4 persons	740
5 or more persons	270
Average size of census families	2.7
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,545
Total couple families	3,925
Married couples	3,025
With children⁶	1,355
Without children	1,670
Common-law couples	900
With children⁶	375
Without children	530
Total one-parent families	620
in which the parent is a woman+	465
in which the parent is a man+	160
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,975
Total - Persons in census families	12,420
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,845
Parents in one-parent families	625
Children⁶	3,955
In a two-parent family	3,020
In a one-parent family	930
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,560
Living alone	1,500
Living with other relatives⁷	355
Living with non-relatives only	705
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,130
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,860
Couple-family households	3,405
With children⁶	1,465
Without children	1,945
One-parent-family households	455
Multigenerational households⁸	175
Multiple-census-family households⁹	70
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	295
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	235
One-person households	1,495
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,130
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,145
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,905
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,595
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,025
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,065
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,920
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,130
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,145
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,955
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,595
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,970
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	980
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,835
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,575
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,905
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,600
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,580
Without total income	445
With total income	12,130
Under $10,000 (including loss)	885
$10,000 to $19,999	1,320
$20,000 to $29,999	1,810
$30,000 to $39,999	1,585
$40,000 to $49,999	1,440
$50,000 to $59,999	1,225
$60,000 to $69,999	995
$70,000 to $79,999	765
$80,000 to $89,999	600
$90,000 to $99,999	445
$100,000 and over	1,070
$100,000 to $149,999	840
$150,000 and over	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,580
Without after-tax income	435
With after-tax income	12,140
Under $10,000 (including loss)	935
$10,000 to $19,999	1,405
$20,000 to $29,999	2,020
$30,000 to $39,999	1,835
$40,000 to $49,999	1,665
$50,000 to $59,999	1,370
$60,000 to $69,999	975
$70,000 to $79,999	700
$80,000 to $89,999	485
$90,000 to $99,999	265
$100,000 and over	490
$100,000 to $124,999	300
$125,000 and over	190
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,580
Without employment income	3,980
With employment income	8,595
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,145
$5,000 to $9,999	635
$10,000 to $19,999	955
$20,000 to $29,999	755
$30,000 to $39,999	810
$40,000 to $49,999	785
$50,000 to $59,999	800
$60,000 to $69,999	635
$70,000 to $79,999	550
$80,000 to $89,999	450
$90,000 to $99,999	330
$100,000 and over	745
$100,000 to $124,999	455
$125,000 and over	285
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,985
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,020
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,980
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,085
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	860
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,010
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,050
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,070
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,105
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,240
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	910
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,575
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,865
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,495
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8
Employment income (%)	68.8
Government transfers (%)	13.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,130
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,495
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,635
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,125
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	100,600
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,495
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,320
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,720
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,630
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,100
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,200
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,130
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	35
$15,000 to $19,999	95
$20,000 to $24,999	220
$25,000 to $29,999	175
$30,000 to $34,999	180
$35,000 to $39,999	190
$40,000 to $44,999	205
$45,000 to $49,999	215
$50,000 to $59,999	430
$60,000 to $69,999	445
$70,000 to $79,999	410
$80,000 to $89,999	390
$90,000 to $99,999	415
$100,000 and over	2,640
$100,000 to $124,999	870
$125,000 to $149,999	610
$150,000 to $199,999	730
$200,000 and over	425
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,130
Under $5,000	55
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	40
$15,000 to $19,999	105
$20,000 to $24,999	230
$25,000 to $29,999	205
$30,000 to $34,999	190
$35,000 to $39,999	230
$40,000 to $44,999	225
$45,000 to $49,999	270
$50,000 to $59,999	520
$60,000 to $69,999	490
$70,000 to $79,999	505
$80,000 to $89,999	495
$90,000 to $99,999	455
$100,000 and over	2,090
$100,000 to $124,999	880
$125,000 to $149,999	560
$150,000 and over	650
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,465
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000
Average family size of economic families	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,015
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,735
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	580
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,200
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,430
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,800
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,990
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,700
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,775
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,300
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	550
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,200
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,205
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,080
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,975
0 to 17 years	2,880
0 to 5 years	885
18 to 64 years	9,100
65 years and over	2,995
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,220
0 to 17 years	250
0 to 5 years	80
18 to 64 years	630
65 years and over	345
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.7
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9
65 years and over (%)	11.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,975
0 to 17 years	2,880
0 to 5 years	890
18 to 64 years	9,105
65 years and over	2,990
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	365
0 to 17 years	60
0 to 5 years	15
18 to 64 years	260
65 years and over	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,975
In bottom half of the distribution	7,020
In bottom decile	1,200
In second decile	1,260
In third decile	1,355
In fourth decile	1,575
In fifth decile	1,630
In top half of the distribution	7,960
In sixth decile	1,640
In seventh decile	1,810
In eighth decile	1,770
In ninth decile	1,635
In top decile	1,105
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,975
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.274
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.377
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.247
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,005
English only	13,635
French only	5
English and French	1,350
Neither English nor French	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,005
English	14,695
French	280
English and French	20
Neither English nor French	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,005
Single responses	14,795
Official languages	14,015
English	13,730
French	285
Non-official languages	775
Indigenous languages³⁹	5
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	775
Afro-Asiatic languages	20
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	20
Amharic	0
Arabic	20
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	70
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	5
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	5
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	570
Albanian	5
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	120
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	15
Macedonian	0
Polish	35
Russian	35
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	290
Frisian	0
High German languages	170
German	170
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80
Afrikaans	10
Dutch	70
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	40
Danish	25
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	40
Indo-Aryan languages	30
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	5
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	10
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	10
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110
Catalan	0
Italian	20
Portuguese	20
Romanian	10
Spanish	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	25
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45
Chinese languages	45
Hakka	0
Mandarin	25
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	210
English and French	100
English and non-official language(s)	90
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,005
English	14,165
French	50
Non-official language	105
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	105
English and French	220
English and non-official language(s)	425
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,005
Single responses	14,895
Official languages	14,695
English	14,615
French	80
Non-official languages	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	5
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	25
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	105
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	30
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	35
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	20
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	115
English and French	35
English and non-official language(s)	70
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,005
None	14,415
English	110
French	160
Non-official language	260
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	260
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	35
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,975
Official languages	14,960
English	14,960
French	1,345
Non-official languages	1,245
Indigenous languages³⁹	10
Algonquian languages	10
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	10
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	10
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	35
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	30
Amharic	0
Arabic	30
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	115
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	920
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	125
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	15
Macedonian	0
Polish	45
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	25
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	430
Frisian	0
High German languages	300
German	295
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	90
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	85
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	55
Danish	45
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	15
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	25
Indo-Iranian languages	50
Indo-Aryan languages	40
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	15
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	10
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	10
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	345
Catalan	0
Italian	45
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	20
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	50
American Sign Language	45
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75
Chinese languages	75
Hakka	0
Mandarin	45
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	25
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	25
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,975
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,065
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,020
First Nations (North American Indian)	520
Métis	490
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,915
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,975
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	205
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,770
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,130
Owner	4,925
Renter	1,205
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,130
Condominium	645
Not condominium	5,485
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,130
No bedrooms	15
1 bedroom	510
2 bedrooms	1,430
3 bedrooms	2,530
4 or more bedrooms	1,650
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,130
1 to 4 rooms	1,335
5 rooms	1,120
6 rooms	1,015
7 rooms	850
8 or more rooms	1,805
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,130
One person or fewer per room	6,065
More than one person per room	65
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,130
Suitable	5,990
Not suitable	140
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,130
1960 or before	440
1961 to 1980	1,485
1981 to 1990	745
1991 to 2000	740
2001 to 2005	430
2006 to 2010	740
2011 to 2015	710
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	840
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,130
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,850
Major repairs needed	280
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,130
One-maintainer household	2,635
Two-maintainer household	3,155
Three-or-more-maintainer household	340
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,130
15 to 24 years	75
25 to 34 years	580
35 to 44 years	1,105
45 to 54 years	1,120
55 to 64 years	1,430
65 to 74 years	1,230
75 to 84 years	460
85 years and over	125
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,105
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,780
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,325
30% to less than 100%	1,210
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,130
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,655
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,245
Not suitable only	110
Major repairs needed only	210
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	60
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,475
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,990
In core need	680
Not in core need	5,310
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,915
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.1
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,540
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,544
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	673,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,200
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.2
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.2
% in core housing need⁶³	32.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,484
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,980
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	270
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	195
Métis single ancestry	75
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	945
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	925
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	610
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	310
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,765
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,980
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,515
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,865
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,650
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	460
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,980
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,175
Immigrants⁸¹	1,750
Before 1980	775
1980 to 1990	245
1991 to 2000	190
2001 to 2010	290
2011 to 2021⁸²	250
2011 to 2015	125
2016 to 2021	125
Non-permanent residents⁸³	50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,750
Under 5 years	210
5 to 14 years	360
15 to 24 years	360
25 to 44 years	690
45 years and over	120
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,750
Americas	320
Brazil	0
Colombia	15
El Salvador	10
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	25
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	230
Other places of birth in Americas	30
Europe	1,085
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	20
Germany	120
Greece	10
Hungary	15
Italy	0
Netherlands	80
Poland	30
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	620
Other places of birth in Europe	145
Africa	40
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other places of birth in Africa	15
Asia	245
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	15
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	35
Hong Kong⁹¹	10
Korea, South⁹²	10
Taiwan	0
Philippines	110
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	20
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	55
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	125
Americas	15
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	35
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	55
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	30
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	10
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,975
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,995
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,795
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,185
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	980
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	480
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	250
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	225
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	430
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	980
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	195
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	40
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	620
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,975
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	775
South Asian	85
Chinese	150
Black	85
Filipino	165
Arab	10
Latin American	90
Southeast Asian	25
West Asian	15
Korean	0
Japanese	65
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15
Multiple visible minorities	60
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,200
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,980
Canadian	2,055
English	5,330
Irish	3,335
Scottish	4,065
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,505
German	2,015
Chinese	195
Italian	455
Indian (India)	110
Ukrainian	835
Dutch	805
Polish	700
Québécois	30
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	825
Filipino	205
French Canadian	250
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	395
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	435
Métis	405
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	440
Russian	245
Norwegian	645
Welsh	545
Portuguese	125
American	155
Spanish	175
Swedish	420
Hungarian	260
Acadian	45
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30
Jewish	85
Punjabi	10
Vietnamese	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20
Greek	65
Jamaican	50
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	95
Korean	15
Romanian	90
Lebanese	40
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	390
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	80
Sikh	10
Austrian	175
Belgian	35
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	20
Mennonite	15
Swiss	125
Finnish	85
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	30
Japanese	100
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	140
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	70
Colombian	15
Moroccan	0
Czech	95
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10
Serbian	15
Ojibway	10
Newfoundlander	45
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	25
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15
Turkish	25
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	30
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15
Algonquin	30
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	20
South African	55
Australian	50
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	30
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	40
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	10
Albertan	40
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	10
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15
Cuban	0
Bosnian	25
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	30
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25
British Columbian	110
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	10
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	55
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,975
Buddhist	50
Christian	4,755
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	865
Anabaptist	15
Anglican	710
Baptist	225
Catholic	1,515
Christian Orthodox	25
Jehovah's Witness	185
Latter Day Saints	60
Lutheran	220
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70
Presbyterian	140
Reformed	0
United Church	485
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	240
Hindu	10
Jewish	70
Muslim	50
Sikh	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20
Other religions and spiritual traditions	180
No religion and secular perspectives	9,825
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,855
Non-movers	12,805
Movers	2,050
Non-migrants	855
Migrants	1,195
Internal migrants	1,150
Intraprovincial migrants	890
Interprovincial migrants	260
External migrants	45
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,240
Non-movers	7,275
Movers	6,970
Non-migrants	1,885
Migrants	5,085
Internal migrants	4,880
Intraprovincial migrants	3,595
Interprovincial migrants	1,285
External migrants	205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,575
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,225
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,350
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,130
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,015
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,845
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,800
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,365
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	520
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,220
Bachelor's degree	1,435
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40
Master's degree	530
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,150
No certificate, diploma or degree	880
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,805
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	980
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	365
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	610
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,045
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,520
Bachelor's degree	1,045
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	340
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,775
Education	500
13. Education	500
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30
50. Visual and performing arts	230
Humanities	255
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30
23. English language and literature/letters	65
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	25
54. History	40
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	830
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180
22. Legal professions and studies	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20
42. Psychology	165
45. Social sciences	255
Business, management and public administration	1,110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,020
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,460
04. Architecture and related services	45
14. Engineering	125
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	515
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245
48. Precision production	175
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	240
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175
03. Natural resources and conservation	65
Health and related fields	1,115
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,020
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	635
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30
43. Security and protective services	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	140
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,340
Education	300
13. Education	300
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25
50. Visual and performing arts	175
Humanities	175
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30
23. English language and literature/letters	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	35
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145
22. Legal professions and studies	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	85
45. Social sciences	185
Business, management and public administration	800
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	735
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,030
04. Architecture and related services	25
14. Engineering	85
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160
48. Precision production	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	180
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	45
Health and related fields	790
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	725
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	500
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	285
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25
43. Security and protective services	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	115
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,805
Location of study inside Canada	4,295
Same as province or territory of residence	3,015
Different than province or territory of residence	1,280
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	510
Americas	170
United States of America	140
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15
Europe	230
Belgium	0
France	15
Germany	45
Netherlands	10
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	45
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	95
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	20
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	55
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	10
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	15
Australia	10
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,580
In the labour force	7,760
Employed	7,240
Unemployed	520
Not in the labour force	4,815
Participation rate	61.7
Employment rate	57.6
Unemployment rate	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,575
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,690
Worked	7,885
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,010
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,870
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,760
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,645
Employee	6,240
Permanent position	5,410
Temporary position	825
Fixed term (1 year or more)	330
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	500
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,410
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,760
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,645
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	515
3 Health occupations	525
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,110
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	240
6 Sales and service occupations	1,910
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,800
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	185
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,760
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All industries¹⁹¹	7,645
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15
22 Utilities	30
23 Construction	1,045
31-33 Manufacturing	325
41 Wholesale trade	80
44-45 Retail trade	940
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285
51 Information and cultural industries	80
52 Finance and insurance	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	560
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	495
61 Educational services	600
62 Health care and social assistance	895
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	195
72 Accommodation and food services	435
81 Other services (except public administration)	350
91 Public administration	955
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,455
English	8,220
French	0
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	125
English and non-official language(s)	95
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,455
Single responses	8,435
Official languages	8,425
English	8,400
French	25
Non-official languages	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	20
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,455
None	8,255
English	25
French	85
Non-official language	95
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	85
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,240
Worked at home	1,525
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	1,455
Usual place of work	4,250
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,250
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,415
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,710
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	115
Commute to a different province or territory	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,700
Car, truck or van	5,040
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,720
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	320
Public transit	210
Walked	230
Bicycle	75
Other method	145
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,700
Less than 15 minutes	1,495
15 to 29 minutes	860
30 to 44 minutes	1,480
45 to 59 minutes	1,085
60 minutes and over	785
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	570
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,290
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,360
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,050
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	625
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	805
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,955
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,695
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,160
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,960

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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