Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,132
Population, 2016¹	4,670^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.9
Total private dwellings²	2,459
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,202
Population density per square kilometre	23.2
Land area in square kilometres	221.48
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,135
0 to 14 years	610
0 to 4 years	155
5 to 9 years	225
10 to 14 years	235
15 to 64 years	3,285
15 to 19 years	240
20 to 24 years	155
25 to 29 years	175
30 to 34 years	260
35 to 39 years	315
40 to 44 years	320
45 to 49 years	360
50 to 54 years	410
55 to 59 years	505
60 to 64 years	545
65 years and over	1,235
65 to 69 years	525
70 to 74 years	330
75 to 79 years	205
80 to 84 years	105
85 years and over	70
85 to 89 years	50
90 to 94 years	15
95 to 99 years	5
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.9
15 to 64 years	64.0
65 years and over	24.1
85 years and over	1.4
Average age of the population	47.4
Median age of the population	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,200
Single-detached house	1,875
Semi-detached house	45
Row house	0
Apartment or flat in a duplex	130
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	140
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,200
1 person	540
2 persons	995
3 persons	305
4 persons	215
5 or more persons	145
Number of persons in private households	5,120
Average household size	2.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,520
Married or living common-law	3,055
Married	2,365
Living common-law	695
Living common law - Never married	450
Living common law - Separated	25
Living common law - Divorced	185
Living common law - Widowed	25
Not married and not living common-law	1,460
Not married and not living common law - Never married	880
Not married and not living common law - Separated	115
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	280
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	185
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,655
2 persons	1,080
3 persons	290
4 persons	210
5 or more persons	70
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,650
Total couple families	1,510
Married couples	1,165
With children⁶	400
Without children	765
Common-law couples	345
With children⁶	120
Without children	225
Total one-parent families	140
in which the parent is a woman+	100
in which the parent is a man+	45
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,120
Total - Persons in census families	4,260
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,020
Parents in one-parent families	145
Children⁶	1,095
In a two-parent family	880
In a one-parent family	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	860
Living alone	540
Living with other relatives⁷	110
Living with non-relatives only	215
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,200
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,410
Couple-family households	1,315
With children⁶	440
Without children	875
One-parent-family households	95
Multigenerational households⁸	65
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	80
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	75
One-person households	540
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,390
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,390
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,995
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,950
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,490
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	260
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	980
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,415
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,420
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,010
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,950
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,545
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	270
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,075
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,510
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,375
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,180
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,510
Without total income	125
With total income	4,390
Under $10,000 (including loss)	415
$10,000 to $19,999	515
$20,000 to $29,999	595
$30,000 to $39,999	500
$40,000 to $49,999	480
$50,000 to $59,999	380
$60,000 to $69,999	335
$70,000 to $79,999	285
$80,000 to $89,999	230
$90,000 to $99,999	175
$100,000 and over	480
$100,000 to $149,999	340
$150,000 and over	140
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,510
Without after-tax income	120
With after-tax income	4,390
Under $10,000 (including loss)	440
$10,000 to $19,999	540
$20,000 to $29,999	650
$30,000 to $39,999	620
$40,000 to $49,999	525
$50,000 to $59,999	445
$60,000 to $69,999	365
$70,000 to $79,999	265
$80,000 to $89,999	185
$90,000 to $99,999	100
$100,000 and over	250
$100,000 to $124,999	135
$125,000 and over	115
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,510
Without employment income	1,560
With employment income	2,950
Under $5,000 (including loss)	490
$5,000 to $9,999	235
$10,000 to $19,999	295
$20,000 to $29,999	240
$30,000 to $39,999	230
$40,000 to $49,999	230
$50,000 to $59,999	225
$60,000 to $69,999	230
$70,000 to $79,999	185
$80,000 to $89,999	165
$90,000 to $99,999	130
$100,000 and over	295
$100,000 to $124,999	155
$125,000 and over	140
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,285
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,295
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,955
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,765
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	240
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,315
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,325
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,980
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,105
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,785
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	210
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,510
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,380
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,090
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,100
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	88.4
Employment income (%)	64.0
Government transfers (%)	11.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,200
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	540
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,660
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,200
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,100
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,300
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	545
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,200
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,655
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,500
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,700
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,200
Under $5,000	30
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	55
$20,000 to $24,999	80
$25,000 to $29,999	45
$30,000 to $34,999	65
$35,000 to $39,999	75
$40,000 to $44,999	70
$45,000 to $49,999	80
$50,000 to $59,999	125
$60,000 to $69,999	150
$70,000 to $79,999	145
$80,000 to $89,999	145
$90,000 to $99,999	135
$100,000 and over	960
$100,000 to $124,999	280
$125,000 to $149,999	200
$150,000 to $199,999	250
$200,000 and over	230
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,200
Under $5,000	35
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	50
$20,000 to $24,999	85
$25,000 to $29,999	60
$30,000 to $34,999	70
$35,000 to $39,999	75
$40,000 to $44,999	85
$45,000 to $49,999	80
$50,000 to $59,999	160
$60,000 to $69,999	190
$70,000 to $79,999	160
$80,000 to $89,999	160
$90,000 to $99,999	135
$100,000 and over	800
$100,000 to $124,999	305
$125,000 to $149,999	180
$150,000 and over	315
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,605
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	900
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	525
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	125
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	755
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,600
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,100
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	895
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	510
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,500
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	780
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,120
0 to 17 years	765
0 to 5 years	195
18 to 64 years	3,120
65 years and over	1,235
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	490
0 to 17 years	60
0 to 5 years	15
18 to 64 years	290
65 years and over	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4
65 years and over (%)	11.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,120
0 to 17 years	765
0 to 5 years	195
18 to 64 years	3,120
65 years and over	1,235
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	175
0 to 17 years	20
0 to 5 years	10
18 to 64 years	135
65 years and over	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,120
In bottom half of the distribution	2,220
In bottom decile	480
In second decile	395
In third decile	440
In fourth decile	445
In fifth decile	460
In top half of the distribution	2,895
In sixth decile	545
In seventh decile	520
In eighth decile	605
In ninth decile	590
In top decile	635
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,120
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.321
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.414
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.288
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,130
English only	4,690
French only	0
English and French	430
Neither English nor French	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,130
English	5,050
French	60
English and French	10
Neither English nor French	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,130
Single responses	5,065
Official languages	4,730
English	4,665
French	70
Non-official languages	330
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	330
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	10
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	260
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	65
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	30
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	120
Frisian	0
High German languages	80
German	75
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	10
Romanian	10
Spanish	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	0
Finnish	10
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	70
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	50
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,130
English	4,810
French	10
Non-official language	45
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	45
English and French	40
English and non-official language(s)	220
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,130
Single responses	5,085
Official languages	5,000
English	4,985
French	15
Non-official languages	90
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	70
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	30
Frisian	0
High German languages	15
German	15
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	5
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15
Chinese languages	15
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	45
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	35
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,130
None	4,900
English	50
French	25
Non-official language	130
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	130
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,120
Official languages	5,110
English	5,110
French	425
Non-official languages	650
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	650
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	510
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	95
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	40
Macedonian	0
Polish	30
Russian	25
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	190
Frisian	0
High German languages	160
German	160
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	35
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	220
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	60
Romanian	0
Spanish	150
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	15
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	15
American Sign Language	15
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55
Chinese languages	50
Hakka	0
Mandarin	20
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	30
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,120
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	300
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	290
First Nations (North American Indian)	115
Métis	180
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,820
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,120
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,055
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,200
Owner	1,920
Renter	280
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,200
Condominium	25
Not condominium	2,175
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,200
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	215
2 bedrooms	595
3 bedrooms	800
4 or more bedrooms	595
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,200
1 to 4 rooms	440
5 rooms	375
6 rooms	375
7 rooms	245
8 or more rooms	780
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,200
One person or fewer per room	2,180
More than one person per room	25
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,200
Suitable	2,140
Not suitable	60
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,200
1960 or before	150
1961 to 1980	500
1981 to 1990	275
1991 to 2000	575
2001 to 2005	165
2006 to 2010	205
2011 to 2015	150
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	170
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,200
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,035
Major repairs needed	170
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,200
One-maintainer household	925
Two-maintainer household	1,190
Three-or-more-maintainer household	85
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,200
15 to 24 years	15
25 to 34 years	105
35 to 44 years	275
45 to 54 years	440
55 to 64 years	605
65 to 74 years	525
75 to 84 years	190
85 years and over	45
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,145
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,660
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	490
30% to less than 100%	415
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,200
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	650
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	420
Not suitable only	50
Major repairs needed only	110
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	1,555
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,075
In core need	195
Not in core need	1,880
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,885
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.2
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.4
% in core housing need⁶³	7.2
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,390
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,596
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	850,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	916,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	280
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.3
% in core housing need⁶³	25.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,120
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	35
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10
Métis single ancestry	20
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	390
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	235
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,695
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,120
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,915
Canadian citizens aged under 18	735
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,180
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	210
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,120
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,280
Immigrants⁸¹	840
Before 1980	385
1980 to 1990	105
1991 to 2000	120
2001 to 2010	135
2011 to 2021⁸²	95
2011 to 2015	40
2016 to 2021	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	835
Under 5 years	130
5 to 14 years	150
15 to 24 years	90
25 to 44 years	360
45 years and over	110
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	835
Americas	160
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	120
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	515
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	10
Germany	100
Greece	0
Hungary	20
Italy	0
Netherlands	40
Poland	10
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	255
Other places of birth in Europe	70
Africa	15
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Other places of birth in Africa	10
Asia	95
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	30
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	15
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50
Americas	15
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	25
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	15
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,120
First generation¹⁰⁰	885
Second generation¹⁰¹	945
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,290
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	455
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	250
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	455
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	340
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,120
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	175
South Asian	30
Chinese	55
Black	0
Filipino	20
Arab	0
Latin American	15
Southeast Asian	30
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,945
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,120
Canadian	660
English	1,715
Irish	845
Scottish	1,315
French, n.o.s.¹²²	430
German	655
Chinese	60
Italian	140
Indian (India)	20
Ukrainian	270
Dutch	285
Polish	115
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	325
Filipino	15
French Canadian	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	165
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	90
Métis	175
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	280
Russian	120
Norwegian	170
Welsh	155
Portuguese	35
American	110
Spanish	50
Swedish	185
Hungarian	70
Acadian	0
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20
Jewish	20
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	20
Jamaican	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40
Korean	0
Romanian	15
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	95
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	80
Sikh	0
Austrian	50
Belgian	15
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	15
Mennonite	15
Swiss	15
Finnish	30
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	25
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	100
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	80
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	65
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	25
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	55
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	10
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	15
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	30
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	10
Estonian	15
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	10
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	20
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,120
Buddhist	50
Christian	1,235
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	350
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	205
Baptist	50
Catholic	300
Christian Orthodox	15
Jehovah's Witness	10
Latter Day Saints	20
Lutheran	50
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30
Presbyterian	15
Reformed	0
United Church	135
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	40
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55
No religion and secular perspectives	3,755
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,095
Non-movers	4,675
Movers	420
Non-migrants	215
Migrants	210
Internal migrants	185
Intraprovincial migrants	165
Interprovincial migrants	20
External migrants	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,955
Non-movers	3,135
Movers	1,820
Non-migrants	250
Migrants	1,565
Internal migrants	1,490
Intraprovincial migrants	1,235
Interprovincial migrants	255
External migrants	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,515
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	725
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,785
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,885
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	385
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,500
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	605
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,440
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	470
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	335
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	825
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	995
Bachelor's degree	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30
Master's degree	280
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,880
No certificate, diploma or degree	290
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,690
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,095
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125
Bachelor's degree or higher	600
Bachelor's degree	355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	145
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,070
Education	165
13. Education	165
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	95
Humanities	110
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35
22. Legal professions and studies	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20
42. Psychology	75
45. Social sciences	120
Business, management and public administration	300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	630
04. Architecture and related services	30
14. Engineering	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	200
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125
48. Precision production	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	55
Health and related fields	410
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	385
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	135
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	30
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,885
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,190
Education	80
13. Education	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	55
Humanities	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20
22. Legal professions and studies	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20
42. Psychology	50
45. Social sciences	85
Business, management and public administration	225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	475
04. Architecture and related services	15
14. Engineering	45
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90
48. Precision production	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	45
Health and related fields	285
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	275
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	25
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,885
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,690
Location of study inside Canada	1,495
Same as province or territory of residence	1,130
Different than province or territory of residence	365
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	195
Americas	80
United States of America	70
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	85
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,515
In the labour force	2,700
Employed	2,515
Unemployed	180
Not in the labour force	1,815
Participation rate	59.8
Employment rate	55.7
Unemployment rate	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,510
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,685
Worked	2,825
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,475
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,350
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,695
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,665
Employee	1,845
Permanent position	1,595
Temporary position	250
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	175
Self-employed¹⁹²	820
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,695
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,665
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	405
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170
3 Health occupations	210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130
6 Sales and service occupations	565
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	630
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	90
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,695
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30
All industries¹⁹¹	2,665
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0
22 Utilities	10
23 Construction	425
31-33 Manufacturing	160
41 Wholesale trade	45
44-45 Retail trade	235
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120
51 Information and cultural industries	25
52 Finance and insurance	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	195
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130
61 Educational services	165
62 Health care and social assistance	305
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90
72 Accommodation and food services	195
81 Other services (except public administration)	130
91 Public administration	220
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,975
English	2,915
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	40
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,975
Single responses	2,955
Official languages	2,955
English	2,950
French	0
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	25
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,975
None	2,940
English	0
French	10
Non-official language	20
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	20
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,520
Worked at home	620
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	520
Usual place of work	1,375
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,895
Car, truck or van	1,755
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,695
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	55
Public transit	40
Walked	55
Bicycle	0
Other method	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,895
Less than 15 minutes	350
15 to 29 minutes	400
30 to 44 minutes	550
45 to 59 minutes	295
60 minutes and over	300
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,895
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	250
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	325
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	455
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	405
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	205
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	250
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	775
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	705
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	605
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	555

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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