Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cowichan Valley C, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,046	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,019	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,283	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,213	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	223.6	...	...	223.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.57	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,050	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	610	305	300	12.1	12.3	11.7
0 to 4 years	135	65	70	2.7	2.6	2.7
5 to 9 years	225	110	110	4.5	4.5	4.3
10 to 14 years	250	130	115	5.0	5.3	4.5
15 to 64 years	2,515	1,225	1,290	49.8	49.6	50.1
15 to 19 years	205	120	85	4.1	4.9	3.3
20 to 24 years	120	70	50	2.4	2.8	1.9
25 to 29 years	110	55	55	2.2	2.2	2.1
30 to 34 years	205	90	115	4.1	3.6	4.5
35 to 39 years	225	120	105	4.5	4.9	4.1
40 to 44 years	225	110	120	4.5	4.5	4.7
45 to 49 years	240	105	130	4.8	4.3	5.0
50 to 54 years	280	130	150	5.5	5.3	5.8
55 to 59 years	400	180	220	7.9	7.3	8.5
60 to 64 years	500	245	255	9.9	9.9	9.9
65 years and over	1,925	940	985	38.1	38.1	38.3
65 to 69 years	540	240	300	10.7	9.7	11.7
70 to 74 years	565	285	285	11.2	11.5	11.1
75 to 79 years	380	190	185	7.5	7.7	7.2
80 to 84 years	220	110	110	4.4	4.5	4.3
85 years and over	220	110	110	4.4	4.5	4.3
85 to 89 years	145	85	60	2.9	3.4	2.3
90 to 94 years	55	25	35	1.1	1.0	1.4
95 to 99 years	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	12.3	11.7	12.1	12.3	11.7
15 to 64 years	49.8	49.6	50.1	49.8	49.6	50.1
65 years and over	38.1	38.1	38.3	38.1	38.1	38.3
85 years and over	4.4	4.5	4.3	4.4	4.5	4.3
Average age of the population	52.3	51.8	52.8	52.3	51.8	52.8
Median age of the population	58.8	58.8	59.2	58.8	58.8	59.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,975	...	...	89.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	140	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	505	...	...	22.9	...	...
2 persons	1,120	...	...	50.7	...	...
3 persons	250	...	...	11.3	...	...
4 persons	215	...	...	9.7	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...	5.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,440	2,160	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,125	1,560	1,565	70.4	72.2	68.6
Married	2,645	1,315	1,330	59.6	60.9	58.3
Living common-law	480	240	235	10.8	11.1	10.3
Living common law - Never married	275	150	130	6.2	6.9	5.7
Living common law - Separated	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	150	70	85	3.4	3.2	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	1,315	605	710	29.6	28.0	31.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	660	385	275	14.9	17.8	12.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	105	40	65	2.4	1.9	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	255	110	145	5.7	5.1	6.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	300	70	230	6.8	3.2	10.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,230	...	...	71.3	...	...
3 persons	235	...	...	13.6	...	...
4 persons	200	...	...	11.6	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	4.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,730	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,550	...	...	89.6	...	...
Married couples	1,310	...	...	75.7	...	...
With children⁶	375	...	...	21.7	...	...
Without children	940	...	...	54.3	...	...
Common-law couples	235	...	...	13.6	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	4.0	...	...
Without children	170	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	175	...	...	10.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	120	...	...	6.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,305	2,165	2,140	85.3	87.7	83.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,105	1,550	1,550	61.5	62.8	60.2
Parents in one-parent families	175	55	120	3.5	2.2	4.7
Children⁶	1,030	560	470	20.4	22.7	18.3
In a two-parent family	780	430	350	15.5	17.4	13.6
In a one-parent family	255	135	120	5.1	5.5	4.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	735	300	435	14.6	12.1	16.9
Living alone	500	215	290	9.9	8.7	11.3
Living with other relatives⁷	85	25	60	1.7	1.0	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	150	65	85	3.0	2.6	3.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,500	...	...	67.9	...	...
Couple-family households	1,385	...	...	62.7	...	...
With children⁶	380	...	...	17.2	...	...
Without children	1,005	...	...	45.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	120	...	...	5.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	65	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	505	...	...	22.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,440	2,165	2,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,340	2,105	2,230	97.7	97.2	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	52,400	37,600	44,400	52,400	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,340	2,105	2,235	97.7	97.2	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,200	34,800	40,000	47,200	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,045	2,000	2,040	91.1	92.4	89.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	43,200	26,600	34,400	43,200	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,470	1,265	1,205	55.6	58.4	53.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	44,800	27,000	33,600	44,800	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,640	1,685	1,960	82.0	77.8	86.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,000	14,800	13,300	14,000	14,800	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	250	110	135	5.6	5.1	5.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,800	5,840	5,320	4,800	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	740	340	400	16.7	15.7	17.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,425	2,135	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,330	2,070	2,260	97.9	97.0	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,700	64,600	45,640	54,700	64,600	45,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,330	2,070	2,260	97.9	97.0	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	52,350	39,440	45,600	52,350	39,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,010	1,955	2,055	90.6	91.6	89.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	57,050	37,840	47,200	57,050	37,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,470	1,245	1,225	55.8	58.3	53.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,640	53,600	37,600	45,640	53,600	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,595	1,660	1,940	81.2	77.8	84.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	13,340	13,060	13,200	13,340	13,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	110	145	5.8	5.2	6.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,950	5,800	7,800	6,950	5,800	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	730	320	410	16.5	15.0	17.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,140	8,520	9,640	9,140	8,520	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,425	2,130	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,065	595	470	24.1	27.9	20.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	69,000	60,000	63,600	69,000	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,800	79,600	64,400	72,800	79,600	64,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,035	445	590	23.4	20.9	25.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	25,600	15,500	18,600	25,600	15,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,950	39,200	23,000	29,950	39,200	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	83.4	75.4	80.0	83.4	75.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	47.6	50.0	44.6	47.6	50.0	44.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.0	16.6	24.6	20.0	16.6	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.5	1.1	0.8	0.5	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	2.7	5.1	3.7	2.7	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	2.0	3.8	2.8	2.0	3.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,435	2,160	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	100	60	45	2.3	2.8	2.0
With total income	4,335	2,105	2,235	97.7	97.5	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	280	110	175	6.5	5.2	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	520	180	340	12.0	8.6	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	615	235	380	14.2	11.2	17.0
$30,000 to $39,999	520	220	300	12.0	10.5	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	490	235	255	11.3	11.2	11.4
$50,000 to $59,999	440	230	205	10.1	10.9	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	335	175	165	7.7	8.3	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	265	165	105	6.1	7.8	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	195	115	85	4.5	5.5	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	155	100	55	3.6	4.8	2.5
$100,000 and over	520	340	180	12.0	16.2	8.1
$100,000 to $149,999	370	240	130	8.5	11.4	5.8
$150,000 and over	145	100	50	3.3	4.8	2.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,435	2,160	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	100	60	45	2.3	2.8	2.0
With after-tax income	4,340	2,105	2,235	97.9	97.5	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	320	120	200	7.4	5.7	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	555	195	360	12.8	9.3	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	680	265	415	15.7	12.6	18.6
$30,000 to $39,999	615	270	340	14.2	12.8	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	570	285	280	13.1	13.5	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	450	245	210	10.4	11.6	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	310	185	125	7.1	8.8	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	255	155	100	5.9	7.4	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	190	125	70	4.4	5.9	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	110	70	45	2.5	3.3	2.0
$100,000 and over	285	195	90	6.6	9.3	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	170	115	55	3.9	5.5	2.5
$125,000 and over	115	75	40	2.6	3.6	1.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,435	2,160	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,965	895	1,070	44.3	41.4	46.9
With employment income	2,470	1,265	1,210	55.7	58.6	53.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	505	250	250	20.4	19.8	20.7
$5,000 to $9,999	185	80	110	7.5	6.3	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	265	110	155	10.7	8.7	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	205	85	125	8.3	6.7	10.3
$30,000 to $39,999	160	80	85	6.5	6.3	7.0
$40,000 to $49,999	200	90	105	8.1	7.1	8.7
$50,000 to $59,999	175	90	80	7.1	7.1	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	145	80	65	5.9	6.3	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	120	75	45	4.9	5.9	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	115	70	45	4.7	5.5	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	110	70	40	4.5	5.5	3.3
$100,000 and over	285	195	90	11.5	15.4	7.4
$100,000 to $124,999	130	80	45	5.3	6.3	3.7
$125,000 and over	160	120	45	6.5	9.5	3.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,440	2,165	2,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,280	2,080	2,200	96.4	96.1	96.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	52,000	34,800	42,400	52,000	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,275	2,080	2,200	96.3	96.1	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	45,600	31,400	38,000	45,600	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,035	1,995	2,040	90.9	92.1	89.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	44,800	27,200	34,800	44,800	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,690	1,380	1,315	60.6	63.7	57.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,800	40,000	24,000	30,800	40,000	24,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,115	1,375	1,740	70.2	63.5	76.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,800	14,400	11,600	12,800	14,400	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	190	85	105	4.3	3.9	4.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,600	5,160	5,400	5,600	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,425	2,135	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,275	2,055	2,225	96.6	96.3	97.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,950	63,800	44,840	53,950	63,800	44,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,275	2,055	2,225	96.6	96.3	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	53,050	37,920	45,200	53,050	37,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,015	1,965	2,050	90.7	92.0	89.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	57,750	39,480	48,400	57,750	39,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,710	1,365	1,345	61.2	63.9	58.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	51,120	35,160	43,200	51,120	35,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,145	1,415	1,735	71.1	66.3	75.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,600	12,580	10,800	11,600	12,580	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	130	140	6.1	6.1	6.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,550	5,800	7,200	6,550	5,800	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,425	2,130	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,045	570	475	23.6	26.8	20.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	70,500	54,800	61,600	70,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,000	78,000	60,000	70,000	78,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,005	445	560	22.7	20.9	24.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	33,600	23,600	28,400	33,600	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,900	44,400	29,100	35,900	44,400	29,100
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.2	86.4	81.2	84.2	86.4	81.2
Employment income (%)	50.7	53.2	47.5	50.7	53.2	47.5
Government transfers (%)	15.8	13.6	18.8	15.8	13.6	18.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,100	...	...	107,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,200	...	...	89,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	475	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,800	...	...	53,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	45,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,600	...	...	121,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...	101,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	2.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	2.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	3.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	180	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	155	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	980	...	...	44.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	300	...	...	13.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...	9.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	250	...	...	11.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	210	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	3.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	185	...	...	8.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	185	...	...	8.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	795	...	...	35.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...	14.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	190	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	290	...	...	13.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,675	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	650	285	370	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	47,600	42,000	44,400	47,600	42,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	42,800	38,400	40,400	42,800	38,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,900	...	...	119,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,500	...	...	99,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	165,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	685	290	390	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,800	56,400	46,600	50,800	56,400	46,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	48,400	40,200	43,600	48,400	40,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	735	385	350	14.6	15.6	13.6
0 to 5 years	185	90	90	3.7	3.6	3.5
18 to 64 years	2,380	1,145	1,235	47.2	46.4	48.0
65 years and over	1,920	940	985	38.1	38.1	38.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	380	185	195	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	60	40	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	190	90	100	...	...	...
65 years and over	125	55	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.5	7.5	7.6	7.5	7.5	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	10.8	6.4	8.4	10.8	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	10.0	6.0	8.0	10.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.9	8.2	8.1	7.9	8.2
65 years and over (%)	6.5	5.6	7.4	6.5	5.6	7.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	740	385	355	14.7	15.6	13.8
0 to 5 years	185	95	90	3.7	3.8	3.5
18 to 64 years	2,385	1,145	1,240	47.3	46.4	48.2
65 years and over	1,925	935	985	38.2	37.9	38.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	65	65	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	15	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	90	45	50	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	10	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.2	2.5	2.8	3.2	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,025	980	1,045	40.1	39.7	40.6
In bottom decile	350	170	180	6.9	6.9	7.0
In second decile	415	195	225	8.2	7.9	8.7
In third decile	405	185	220	8.0	7.5	8.5
In fourth decile	360	185	170	7.1	7.5	6.6
In fifth decile	490	245	245	9.7	9.9	9.5
In top half of the distribution	3,020	1,495	1,530	59.9	60.5	59.4
In sixth decile	560	270	290	11.1	10.9	11.3
In seventh decile	650	330	320	12.9	13.4	12.4
In eighth decile	575	280	290	11.4	11.3	11.3
In ninth decile	655	325	325	13.0	13.2	12.6
In top decile	585	290	295	11.6	11.7	11.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,045	...	...	5,045	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.406	...	...	0.406	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.272	...	...	0.272	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,660	2,295	2,370	92.4	92.9	92.0
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	380	175	205	7.5	7.1	8.0
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,975	2,430	2,545	98.6	98.4	98.8
French	55	30	25	1.1	1.2	1.0
English and French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,990	2,445	2,550	98.9	99.0	99.0
Official languages	4,700	2,305	2,395	93.2	93.3	93.0
English	4,635	2,275	2,365	91.9	92.1	91.8
French	55	30	30	1.1	1.2	1.2
Non-official languages	295	140	155	5.8	5.7	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	295	140	155	5.8	5.7	6.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	235	115	125	4.7	4.7	4.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	10	15	0.7	0.4	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	75	75	3.0	3.0	2.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	30	45	1.5	1.2	1.7
German	70	30	40	1.4	1.2	1.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	35	25	1.2	1.4	1.0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Romanian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Spanish	15	5	15	0.3	0.2	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Korean	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	30	20	1.0	1.2	0.8
English and French	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,790	2,335	2,450	94.9	94.5	95.1
French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	35	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	170	90	75	3.4	3.6	2.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,010	2,450	2,560	99.3	99.2	99.4
Official languages	4,955	2,420	2,535	98.2	98.0	98.4
English	4,945	2,415	2,525	98.0	97.8	98.1
French	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Non-official languages	60	35	25	1.2	1.4	1.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	35	25	1.2	1.4	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Chinese languages	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,045	2,470	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,865	2,380	2,490	96.4	96.4	96.7
English	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
French	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	110	55	55	2.2	2.2	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	110	55	55	2.2	2.2	2.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,045	2,415	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,035	2,405	2,630	99.8	99.6	99.8
English	5,035	2,405	2,630	99.8	99.6	99.8
French	375	170	205	7.4	7.0	7.8
Non-official languages	445	190	250	8.8	7.9	9.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	445	190	250	8.8	7.9	9.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	385	170	220	7.6	7.0	8.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	30	20	1.0	1.2	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	30	20	1.0	1.2	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.4
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	215	85	125	4.3	3.5	4.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	110	50	60	2.2	2.1	2.3
German	110	50	60	2.2	2.1	2.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	25	45	1.5	1.0	1.7
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	75	25	45	1.5	1.0	1.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Danish	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	65	2.3	2.3	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Portuguese	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	90	45	55	1.8	1.9	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,045	2,410	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	255	110	150	5.1	4.6	5.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	250	105	140	5.0	4.4	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	120	30	90	2.4	1.2	3.4
Métis	130	75	55	2.6	3.1	2.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,790	2,300	2,485	94.9	95.4	94.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,045	2,410	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50	10	45	1.0	0.4	1.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,995	2,400	2,590	99.0	99.6	98.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,965	...	...	88.9	...	...
Renter	255	...	...	11.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	5.7	...	...
Not condominium	2,085	...	...	94.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	90	...	...	4.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	740	...	...	33.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	830	...	...	37.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	560	...	...	25.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	285	...	...	12.9	...	...
5 rooms	370	...	...	16.7	...	...
6 rooms	400	...	...	18.1	...	...
7 rooms	290	...	...	13.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	865	...	...	39.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,190	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	180	...	...	8.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	595	...	...	26.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	415	...	...	18.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	610	...	...	27.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...	5.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	130	...	...	5.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	85	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,075	...	...	93.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	135	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	855	...	...	38.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,270	...	...	57.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	90	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	110	...	...	5.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	210	...	...	9.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	260	...	...	11.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	485	...	...	21.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	605	...	...	27.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	360	...	...	16.3	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,150	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,770	...	...	82.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	375	...	...	17.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	350	...	...	16.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	485	...	...	21.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	330	...	...	14.9	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	85	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	2.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,730	...	...	78.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	130	...	...	6.1	...	...
Not in core need	1,985	...	...	93.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,905	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	44.1	...	...	44.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	760	...	...	760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,255	...	...	1,255	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000	...	...	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	776,000	...	...	776,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	250	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.8	...	...	40.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.1	...	...	19.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...	1,420	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,045	2,410	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	30	0	25	0.6	0.0	0.9
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	230	100	125	4.6	4.1	4.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	225	100	120	4.5	4.1	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	140	50	85	2.8	2.1	3.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	55	35	1.7	2.3	1.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,770	2,300	2,465	94.5	95.4	93.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,045	2,410	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,920	2,370	2,545	97.5	98.3	96.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	705	335	370	14.0	13.9	14.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,215	2,040	2,180	83.5	84.6	82.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	40	90	2.5	1.7	3.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,045	2,410	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,240	2,080	2,165	84.0	86.3	82.3
Immigrants⁸¹	800	335	465	15.9	13.9	17.7
Before 1980	520	220	300	10.3	9.1	11.4
1980 to 1990	75	45	35	1.5	1.9	1.3
1991 to 2000	55	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.1
2001 to 2010	80	20	65	1.6	0.8	2.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	20	50	1.4	0.8	1.9
2011 to 2015	60	20	35	1.2	0.8	1.3
2016 to 2021	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	800	330	470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	125	40	90	15.6	12.1	19.1
5 to 14 years	140	75	65	17.5	22.7	13.8
15 to 24 years	180	60	120	22.5	18.2	25.5
25 to 44 years	295	140	160	36.9	42.4	34.0
45 years and over	50	20	35	6.3	6.1	7.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	800	330	470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	140	40	105	17.5	12.1	22.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.1
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	110	35	70	13.8	10.6	14.9
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	15	2.5	3.0	3.2
Europe	570	245	325	71.3	74.2	69.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.1
Germany	60	20	40	7.5	6.1	8.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	70	35	30	8.8	10.6	6.4
Poland	30	20	10	3.8	6.1	2.1
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	310	135	175	38.8	40.9	37.2
Other places of birth in Europe	75	20	50	9.4	6.1	10.6
Africa	15	10	0	1.9	3.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	35	25	7.5	10.6	5.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	15	0	1.9	4.5	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	20	3.8	4.5	4.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,045	2,415	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	850	350	500	16.8	14.5	19.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,020	540	480	20.2	22.4	18.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,170	1,520	1,650	62.8	62.9	62.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	280	110	170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	70	75	50.0	63.6	44.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	45	25	23.2	40.9	14.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	75	25	50	26.8	22.7	29.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	120	40	80	42.9	36.4	47.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	3.6	0.0	5.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	280	110	170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10	3.6	0.0	5.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60	25	35	21.4	22.7	20.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	5.4	0.0	5.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	20	8.9	0.0	11.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	160	70	95	57.1	63.6	55.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,045	2,410	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	195	90	105	3.9	3.7	4.0
South Asian	40	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.8
Chinese	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Black	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	0.9
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,850	2,320	2,530	96.1	96.3	96.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,045	2,410	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	570	325	240	11.3	13.5	9.1
English	1,970	965	1,005	39.0	40.0	38.1
Irish	1,150	525	625	22.8	21.8	23.7
Scottish	1,435	630	800	28.4	26.1	30.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	490	215	270	9.7	8.9	10.2
German	680	305	375	13.5	12.7	14.2
Chinese	40	30	10	0.8	1.2	0.4
Italian	90	50	40	1.8	2.1	1.5
Indian (India)	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Ukrainian	225	70	160	4.5	2.9	6.1
Dutch	265	135	130	5.3	5.6	4.9
Polish	230	70	160	4.6	2.9	6.1
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	415	205	215	8.2	8.5	8.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75	15	60	1.5	0.6	2.3
Métis	105	50	55	2.1	2.1	2.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	135	65	75	2.7	2.7	2.8
Russian	80	30	50	1.6	1.2	1.9
Norwegian	130	65	60	2.6	2.7	2.3
Welsh	185	90	90	3.7	3.7	3.4
Portuguese	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
American	120	55	70	2.4	2.3	2.7
Spanish	40	25	20	0.8	1.0	0.8
Swedish	150	85	65	3.0	3.5	2.5
Hungarian	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.1
Acadian	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.8
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	150	70	80	3.0	2.9	3.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	70	30	35	1.4	1.2	1.3
Belgian	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	10	10	10	0.2	0.4	0.4
Swiss	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
Finnish	30	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Japanese	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	0.9
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	25	15	0.8	1.0	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	25	0.8	0.8	0.9
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.6
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
South African	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Australian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Estonian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,045	2,410	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
Christian	1,905	875	1,025	37.8	36.3	38.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	280	125	160	5.6	5.2	6.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	385	185	205	7.6	7.7	7.8
Baptist	65	30	30	1.3	1.2	1.1
Catholic	470	225	250	9.3	9.3	9.5
Christian Orthodox	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.8
Latter Day Saints	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Lutheran	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	20	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Presbyterian	60	25	40	1.2	1.0	1.5
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	350	155	200	6.9	6.4	7.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	120	45	75	2.4	1.9	2.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	80	40	45	1.6	1.7	1.7
No religion and secular perspectives	2,990	1,460	1,530	59.3	60.6	58.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,025	2,400	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,490	2,140	2,350	89.4	89.2	89.4
Movers	535	260	280	10.6	10.8	10.6
Non-migrants	135	65	70	2.7	2.7	2.7
Migrants	400	195	205	8.0	8.1	7.8
Internal migrants	365	180	185	7.3	7.5	7.0
Intraprovincial migrants	310	155	160	6.2	6.5	6.1
Interprovincial migrants	55	30	30	1.1	1.3	1.1
External migrants	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,920	2,340	2,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,070	1,510	1,560	62.4	64.5	60.5
Movers	1,850	830	1,020	37.6	35.5	39.5
Non-migrants	220	90	130	4.5	3.8	5.0
Migrants	1,630	735	890	33.1	31.4	34.5
Internal migrants	1,580	715	865	32.1	30.6	33.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,160	505	655	23.6	21.6	25.4
Interprovincial migrants	420	205	215	8.5	8.8	8.3
External migrants	50	25	25	1.0	1.1	1.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,425	2,130	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	640	360	280	14.5	16.9	12.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,780	1,770	2,010	85.4	83.1	87.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,210	1,005	1,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	205	120	85	9.3	11.9	7.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,000	885	1,115	90.5	88.1	92.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,425	2,135	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	515	285	235	11.6	13.3	10.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,185	530	655	26.8	24.8	28.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,720	1,320	1,400	61.5	61.8	61.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,660	835	825	37.5	39.1	36.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	485	365	125	11.0	17.1	5.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	185	115	70	4.2	5.4	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	300	250	55	6.8	11.7	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,000	410	585	22.6	19.2	25.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	55	110	4.0	2.6	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,060	480	575	24.0	22.5	25.1
Bachelor's degree	640	295	345	14.5	13.8	15.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	25	45	1.6	1.2	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10	0.7	0.9	0.4
Master's degree	250	105	145	5.6	4.9	6.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	30	1.5	1.4	1.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,205	1,005	1,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	175	95	80	7.9	9.5	6.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	560	255	305	25.4	25.4	25.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,475	655	820	66.9	65.2	68.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	915	445	470	41.5	44.3	39.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	275	210	65	12.5	20.9	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	95	65	30	4.3	6.5	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	180	145	35	8.2	14.4	2.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	575	215	355	26.1	21.4	29.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	15	50	3.2	1.5	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	560	215	350	25.4	21.4	29.0
Bachelor's degree	345	130	220	15.6	12.9	18.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	0.9	1.0	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Master's degree	145	45	100	6.6	4.5	8.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	20	1.6	2.0	1.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,425	2,135	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,705	810	890	38.5	37.9	38.9
Education	260	80	185	5.9	3.7	8.1
13. Education	260	80	185	5.9	3.7	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	50	60	2.5	2.3	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	35	55	2.1	1.6	2.4
Humanities	115	35	75	2.6	1.6	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	30	1.0	0.5	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
54. History	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	75	165	5.4	3.5	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0.3	0.5	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.9	0.0	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	10	0.7	0.9	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.5
45. Social sciences	100	35	60	2.3	1.6	2.6
Business, management and public administration	530	210	315	12.0	9.8	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	485	205	280	11.0	9.6	12.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	100	45	3.4	4.7	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25	1.1	1.2	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	60	15	1.6	2.8	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	30	40	1.6	1.4	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	25	25	1.2	1.2	1.1
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	580	520	60	13.1	24.4	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	15	0.7	0.9	0.7
14. Engineering	70	60	10	1.6	2.8	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	110	25	3.2	5.2	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	145	140	10	3.3	6.6	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140	135	0	3.2	6.3	0.0
48. Precision production	55	55	0	1.2	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	60	40	2.0	2.8	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	30	30	1.2	1.4	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	15	0.8	1.2	0.7
Health and related fields	420	60	360	9.5	2.8	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	10	25	0.9	0.5	1.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	375	45	335	8.5	2.1	14.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	100	55	3.5	4.7	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	25	45	1.6	1.2	2.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0	1.5	2.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,210	1,000	1,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	730	350	385	33.0	35.0	32.1
Education	110	25	90	5.0	2.5	7.5
13. Education	110	25	90	5.0	2.5	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	30	35	2.9	3.0	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	25	30	2.7	2.5	2.5
Humanities	60	20	35	2.7	2.0	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155	55	100	7.0	5.5	8.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0.7	1.0	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	0	0.9	1.0	0.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	20	0	25	0.9	0.0	2.1
45. Social sciences	75	30	40	3.4	3.0	3.3
Business, management and public administration	240	80	160	10.9	8.0	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	80	150	10.4	8.0	12.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	50	40	3.8	5.0	3.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	20	1.4	1.0	1.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	1.6	2.5	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	10	15	1.1	1.0	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	15	0.9	1.0	1.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	320	275	50	14.5	27.5	4.2
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
14. Engineering	30	20	10	1.4	2.0	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	45	20	2.9	4.5	1.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	105	100	0	4.8	10.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	70	0	3.4	7.0	0.0
48. Precision production	30	30	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	25	40	2.7	2.5	3.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	15	25	2.0	1.5	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	15	0.7	1.0	1.3
Health and related fields	260	45	220	11.8	4.5	18.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	15	25	1.4	1.5	2.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	225	30	200	10.2	3.0	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	50	35	3.8	5.0	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	20	30	2.3	2.0	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,210	1,000	1,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	730	350	385	33.0	35.0	32.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,475	655	820	66.7	65.5	68.3
Location of study inside Canada	1,355	615	740	61.3	61.5	61.7
Same as province or territory of residence	950	415	540	43.0	41.5	45.0
Different than province or territory of residence	405	205	200	18.3	20.5	16.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	120	45	80	5.4	4.5	6.7
Americas	60	15	45	2.7	1.5	3.8
United States of America	50	15	35	2.3	1.5	2.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	20	30	2.3	2.0	2.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	20	1.1	1.0	1.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,425	2,135	2,290	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,205	1,100	1,110	...	...	...
Employed	2,085	1,045	1,035	...	...	...
Unemployed	130	55	70	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,215	1,035	1,180	...	...	...
Participation rate	49.8	51.5	48.5	49.8	51.5	48.5
Employment rate	47.1	48.9	45.2	47.1	48.9	45.2
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.0	6.3	5.9	5.0	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,425	2,135	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,185	1,015	1,170	49.4	47.5	51.1
Worked	2,235	1,120	1,120	50.5	52.5	48.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,110	615	500	25.1	28.8	21.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,125	505	620	25.4	23.7	27.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.8	41.1	41.4	41.8	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,210	1,100	1,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	25	1.6	1.4	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,175	1,090	1,085	98.4	99.1	97.7
Employee	1,610	790	820	72.9	71.8	73.9
Permanent position	1,370	690	680	62.0	62.7	61.3
Temporary position	240	100	140	10.9	9.1	12.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	60	25	35	2.7	2.3	3.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	180	75	105	8.1	6.8	9.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	565	300	265	25.6	27.3	23.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,210	1,100	1,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	25	1.6	1.4	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,175	1,090	1,085	98.4	99.1	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	40	10	2.3	3.6	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	340	80	265	15.4	7.3	23.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	120	75	50	5.4	6.8	4.5
3 Health occupations	160	30	130	7.2	2.7	11.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	305	85	225	13.8	7.7	20.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	30	50	3.6	2.7	4.5
6 Sales and service occupations	380	160	225	17.2	14.5	20.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	540	485	60	24.4	44.1	5.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	90	55	6.6	8.2	5.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	20	15	1.6	1.8	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,210	1,100	1,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	25	1.6	1.4	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	2,175	1,090	1,085	98.4	99.1	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	145	65	80	6.6	5.9	7.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
22 Utilities	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	315	235	80	14.3	21.4	7.2
31-33 Manufacturing	90	50	35	4.1	4.5	3.2
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	10	1.4	1.8	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	240	135	105	10.9	12.3	9.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	60	15	3.6	5.5	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	30	20	10	1.4	1.8	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	60	25	35	2.7	2.3	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	15	1.1	1.4	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	150	75	75	6.8	6.8	6.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	60	25	3.8	5.5	2.3
61 Educational services	215	60	155	9.7	5.5	14.0
62 Health care and social assistance	250	50	200	11.3	4.5	18.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	30	20	2.5	2.7	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	75	25	50	3.4	2.3	4.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	135	55	80	6.1	5.0	7.2
91 Public administration	175	90	80	7.9	8.2	7.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,395	1,200	1,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,365	1,195	1,175	98.7	99.6	98.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,395	1,200	1,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,395	1,200	1,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	2,395	1,200	1,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,390	1,200	1,185	99.8	100.0	99.2
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,395	1,200	1,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,370	1,195	1,175	99.0	99.6	98.3
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,085	1,050	1,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	485	175	315	23.3	16.7	30.4
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	335	270	70	16.1	25.7	6.8
Usual place of work	1,250	595	655	60.0	56.7	63.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,250	595	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	240	115	130	19.2	19.3	19.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	565	230	330	45.2	38.7	50.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	440	250	195	35.2	42.0	29.8
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,590	860	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,475	795	675	92.8	92.4	93.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,400	765	635	88.1	89.0	87.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	75	35	40	4.7	4.1	5.5
Public transit	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Walked	45	25	20	2.8	2.9	2.8
Bicycle	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.4
Other method	40	25	20	2.5	2.9	2.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,590	860	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	460	210	245	28.9	24.4	33.8
15 to 29 minutes	455	220	235	28.6	25.6	32.4
30 to 44 minutes	305	175	135	19.2	20.3	18.6
45 to 59 minutes	225	155	65	14.2	18.0	9.0
60 minutes and over	145	100	45	9.1	11.6	6.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,590	860	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	110	30	8.5	12.8	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	295	185	110	18.6	21.5	15.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	440	255	190	27.7	29.7	26.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	360	140	220	22.6	16.3	30.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	170	65	95	10.7	7.6	13.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	185	105	80	11.6	12.2	11.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	755	395	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35	9.9	10.1	9.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	680	355	330	90.1	89.9	91.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	600	320	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	35	25	9.2	10.9	8.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	20	15	5.8	6.3	5.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	10	3.3	4.7	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	545	285	260	90.8	89.1	92.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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