Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Nanaimo A, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,481
Population, 2016¹	7,058
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.0
Total private dwellings²	3,249
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,127
Population density per square kilometre	124.3
Land area in square kilometres	60.18
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,480
0 to 14 years	965
0 to 4 years	275
5 to 9 years	355
10 to 14 years	335
15 to 64 years	4,645
15 to 19 years	330
20 to 24 years	300
25 to 29 years	340
30 to 34 years	390
35 to 39 years	415
40 to 44 years	410
45 to 49 years	455
50 to 54 years	585
55 to 59 years	710
60 to 64 years	710
65 years and over	1,870
65 to 69 years	695
70 to 74 years	525
75 to 79 years	320
80 to 84 years	200
85 years and over	130
85 to 89 years	85
90 to 94 years	35
95 to 99 years	10
100 years and over	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9
15 to 64 years	62.1
65 years and over	25.0
85 years and over	1.7
Average age of the population	46.9
Median age of the population	51.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,130
Single-detached house	2,665
Semi-detached house	20
Row house	0
Apartment or flat in a duplex	130
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	290
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,130
1 person	720
2 persons	1,350
3 persons	510
4 persons	380
5 or more persons	170
Number of persons in private households	7,395
Average household size	2.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,515
Married or living common-law	4,120
Married	3,195
Living common-law	920
Living common law - Never married	565
Living common law - Separated	45
Living common law - Divorced	275
Living common law - Widowed	45
Not married and not living common-law	2,400
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,445
Not married and not living common law - Separated	170
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	465
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	320
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,325
2 persons	1,450
3 persons	445
4 persons	330
5 or more persons	100
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,330
Total couple families	2,020
Married couples	1,555
With children⁶	610
Without children	945
Common-law couples	465
With children⁶	160
Without children	305
Total one-parent families	310
in which the parent is a woman+	210
in which the parent is a man+	100
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,390
Total - Persons in census families	6,080
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,040
Parents in one-parent families	310
Children⁶	1,735
In a two-parent family	1,280
In a one-parent family	450
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,315
Living alone	720
Living with other relatives⁷	195
Living with non-relatives only	400
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,125
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,995
Couple-family households	1,790
With children⁶	680
Without children	1,110
One-parent-family households	205
Multigenerational households⁸	80
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	160
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150
One-person households	720
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,280
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,280
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,595
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,140
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,295
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	600
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,480
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,290
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,290
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,605
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,145
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,365
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	650
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,505
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,435
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,875
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,680
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,430
Without total income	150
With total income	6,280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	510
$10,000 to $19,999	765
$20,000 to $29,999	965
$30,000 to $39,999	830
$40,000 to $49,999	740
$50,000 to $59,999	605
$60,000 to $69,999	485
$70,000 to $79,999	325
$80,000 to $89,999	280
$90,000 to $99,999	185
$100,000 and over	585
$100,000 to $149,999	410
$150,000 and over	170
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,430
Without after-tax income	150
With after-tax income	6,280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	530
$10,000 to $19,999	785
$20,000 to $29,999	1,080
$30,000 to $39,999	990
$40,000 to $49,999	835
$50,000 to $59,999	645
$60,000 to $69,999	425
$70,000 to $79,999	330
$80,000 to $89,999	205
$90,000 to $99,999	150
$100,000 and over	305
$100,000 to $124,999	170
$125,000 and over	140
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,430
Without employment income	2,290
With employment income	4,140
Under $5,000 (including loss)	625
$5,000 to $9,999	285
$10,000 to $19,999	470
$20,000 to $29,999	370
$30,000 to $39,999	415
$40,000 to $49,999	380
$50,000 to $59,999	365
$60,000 to $69,999	300
$70,000 to $79,999	205
$80,000 to $89,999	200
$90,000 to $99,999	145
$100,000 and over	380
$100,000 to $124,999	200
$125,000 and over	180
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,145
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,160
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,580
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,420
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,330
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	485
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,185
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,195
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,650
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,490
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,395
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	470
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,435
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,870
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,655
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	85.2
Employment income (%)	63.7
Government transfers (%)	14.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,130
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	720
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,410
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,130
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,800
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,900
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	715
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,700
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,100
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,410
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,800
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,400
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,130
Under $5,000	35
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	20
$15,000 to $19,999	45
$20,000 to $24,999	105
$25,000 to $29,999	90
$30,000 to $34,999	80
$35,000 to $39,999	120
$40,000 to $44,999	115
$45,000 to $49,999	105
$50,000 to $59,999	255
$60,000 to $69,999	220
$70,000 to $79,999	220
$80,000 to $89,999	210
$90,000 to $99,999	185
$100,000 and over	1,305
$100,000 to $124,999	395
$125,000 to $149,999	335
$150,000 to $199,999	310
$200,000 and over	265
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,130
Under $5,000	40
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	20
$15,000 to $19,999	50
$20,000 to $24,999	115
$25,000 to $29,999	95
$30,000 to $34,999	95
$35,000 to $39,999	145
$40,000 to $44,999	115
$45,000 to $49,999	140
$50,000 to $59,999	275
$60,000 to $69,999	265
$70,000 to $79,999	255
$80,000 to $89,999	235
$90,000 to $99,999	215
$100,000 and over	1,055
$100,000 to $124,999	440
$125,000 to $149,999	250
$150,000 and over	365
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,300
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,145
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	780
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	275
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,115
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,300
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,800
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,150
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,200
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	780
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	280
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,125
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,395
0 to 17 years	1,160
0 to 5 years	340
18 to 64 years	4,380
65 years and over	1,850
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	645
0 to 17 years	115
0 to 5 years	30
18 to 64 years	310
65 years and over	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0
65 years and over (%)	11.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,390
0 to 17 years	1,165
0 to 5 years	335
18 to 64 years	4,380
65 years and over	1,850
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	235
0 to 17 years	40
0 to 5 years	10
18 to 64 years	165
65 years and over	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,395
In bottom half of the distribution	3,475
In bottom decile	620
In second decile	665
In third decile	760
In fourth decile	660
In fifth decile	770
In top half of the distribution	3,925
In sixth decile	795
In seventh decile	790
In eighth decile	885
In ninth decile	795
In top decile	665
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,390
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.426
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.274
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,475
English only	7,080
French only	0
English and French	385
Neither English nor French	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,475
English	7,385
French	75
English and French	5
Neither English nor French	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,475
Single responses	7,420
Official languages	7,115
English	7,025
French	85
Non-official languages	300
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	305
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	5
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	5
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	225
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	35
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	155
Frisian	0
High German languages	90
German	85
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	35
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	15
Danish	15
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	5
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	5
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25
Chinese languages	25
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	5
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	55
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	35
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,475
English	7,200
French	10
Non-official language	25
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	25
English and French	60
English and non-official language(s)	170
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,475
Single responses	7,450
Official languages	7,395
English	7,380
French	15
Non-official languages	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	25
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	15
Frisian	0
High German languages	5
German	5
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	30
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,475
None	7,265
English	30
French	45
Non-official language	120
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	120
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,395
Official languages	7,385
English	7,385
French	395
Non-official languages	465
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	465
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	10
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	385
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	40
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	20
Bosnian	0
Croatian	15
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	255
Frisian	0
High German languages	160
German	160
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100
Afrikaans	15
Dutch	85
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	20
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25
Indo-Aryan languages	25
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80
Catalan	0
Italian	20
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	25
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,395
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	575
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	560
First Nations (North American Indian)	310
Métis	245
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	6,815
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,395
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	205
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,190
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,125
Owner	2,630
Renter	495
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,125
Condominium	10
Not condominium	3,115
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,125
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	185
2 bedrooms	785
3 bedrooms	1,310
4 or more bedrooms	850
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,125
1 to 4 rooms	570
5 rooms	540
6 rooms	520
7 rooms	490
8 or more rooms	1,010
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,125
One person or fewer per room	3,115
More than one person per room	10
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,125
Suitable	3,055
Not suitable	75
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,125
1960 or before	340
1961 to 1980	1,070
1981 to 1990	500
1991 to 2000	530
2001 to 2005	230
2006 to 2010	165
2011 to 2015	130
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	160
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,125
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,895
Major repairs needed	235
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,125
One-maintainer household	1,325
Two-maintainer household	1,610
Three-or-more-maintainer household	200
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,125
15 to 24 years	35
25 to 34 years	235
35 to 44 years	380
45 to 54 years	565
55 to 64 years	775
65 to 74 years	680
75 to 84 years	390
85 years and over	70
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,030
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,605
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	420
30% to less than 100%	360
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,125
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	675
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	375
Not suitable only	65
Major repairs needed only	190
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,450
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,970
In core need	160
Not in core need	2,805
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,545
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.0
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.9
% in core housing need⁶³	4.2
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,233
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	685,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	712,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	500
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.0
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.5
% in core housing need⁶³	12.4
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,208
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,390
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	210
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	210
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	150
Métis single ancestry	55
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	425
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	420
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	270
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,760
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,395
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,225
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,125
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,100
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	165
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,395
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,650
Immigrants⁸¹	730
Before 1980	410
1980 to 1990	105
1991 to 2000	75
2001 to 2010	90
2011 to 2021⁸²	45
2011 to 2015	15
2016 to 2021	35
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	730
Under 5 years	115
5 to 14 years	155
15 to 24 years	160
25 to 44 years	220
45 years and over	75
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	730
Americas	105
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	85
Other places of birth in Americas	15
Europe	500
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	10
France	15
Germany	95
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	60
Poland	10
Portugal	10
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	235
Other places of birth in Europe	60
Africa	25
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	70
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	25
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35
Americas	20
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	0
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	15
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,395
First generation¹⁰⁰	805
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,315
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,270
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	320
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	195
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	90
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	105
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	320
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	205
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,395
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	260
South Asian	60
Chinese	35
Black	45
Filipino	0
Arab	0
Latin American	15
Southeast Asian	55
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,130
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,395
Canadian	1,180
English	2,415
Irish	1,375
Scottish	1,900
French, n.o.s.¹²²	680
German	990
Chinese	60
Italian	215
Indian (India)	30
Ukrainian	425
Dutch	390
Polish	185
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	395
Filipino	0
French Canadian	125
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	155
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	225
Métis	215
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	210
Russian	110
Norwegian	305
Welsh	265
Portuguese	0
American	170
Spanish	10
Swedish	210
Hungarian	95
Acadian	30
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	30
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	0
Jamaican	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20
Korean	0
Romanian	30
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	130
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	100
Sikh	0
Austrian	75
Belgian	65
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	25
Mennonite	10
Swiss	30
Finnish	105
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	40
Japanese	40
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	55
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	80
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	15
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	10
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	25
Australian	15
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	10
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	15
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	45
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	30
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,395
Buddhist	50
Christian	1,935
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	375
Anabaptist	10
Anglican	270
Baptist	25
Catholic	530
Christian Orthodox	0
Jehovah's Witness	95
Latter Day Saints	15
Lutheran	90
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	60
Presbyterian	20
Reformed	10
United Church	315
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	120
Hindu	15
Jewish	15
Muslim	0
Sikh	25
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	65
No religion and secular perspectives	5,270
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,355
Non-movers	6,845
Movers	510
Non-migrants	300
Migrants	210
Internal migrants	210
Intraprovincial migrants	195
Interprovincial migrants	15
External migrants	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,155
Non-movers	4,605
Movers	2,560
Non-migrants	535
Migrants	2,025
Internal migrants	1,960
Intraprovincial migrants	1,725
Interprovincial migrants	235
External migrants	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,435
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,220
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,210
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,925
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	560
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,365
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	935
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,310
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	835
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	320
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	520
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255
Bachelor's degree or higher	980
Bachelor's degree	605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30
Master's degree	240
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,925
No certificate, diploma or degree	420
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,235
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	535
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	225
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	310
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	190
Bachelor's degree or higher	665
Bachelor's degree	425
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20
Master's degree	165
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,120
Education	230
13. Education	230
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	115
Humanities	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55
22. Legal professions and studies	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	65
45. Social sciences	85
Business, management and public administration	490
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	415
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	860
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	225
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245
48. Precision production	190
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	35
Health and related fields	555
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	490
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	370
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	195
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	135
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,690
Education	130
13. Education	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	90
Humanities	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35
22. Legal professions and studies	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	45
45. Social sciences	65
Business, management and public administration	340
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	525
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	45
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	135
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140
48. Precision production	120
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	20
Health and related fields	385
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	355
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	270
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	95
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,235
Location of study inside Canada	2,040
Same as province or territory of residence	1,645
Different than province or territory of residence	400
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	195
Americas	55
United States of America	55
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	100
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	15
Netherlands	20
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	20
Africa	10
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	10
Australia	10
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,430
In the labour force	3,800
Employed	3,490
Unemployed	310
Not in the labour force	2,630
Participation rate	59.1
Employment rate	54.3
Unemployment rate	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,430
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,645
Worked	3,790
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,925
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,865
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,800
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,725
Employee	3,105
Permanent position	2,660
Temporary position	445
Fixed term (1 year or more)	95
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	345
Self-employed¹⁹²	615
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,800
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,725
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	505
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	175
3 Health occupations	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	410
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115
6 Sales and service occupations	845
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,015
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	175
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,800
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80
All industries¹⁹¹	3,725
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	180
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20
22 Utilities	10
23 Construction	530
31-33 Manufacturing	220
41 Wholesale trade	105
44-45 Retail trade	415
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	325
51 Information and cultural industries	30
52 Finance and insurance	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	200
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210
61 Educational services	190
62 Health care and social assistance	520
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80
72 Accommodation and food services	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	180
91 Public administration	195
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,050
English	4,025
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,050
Single responses	4,050
Official languages	4,045
English	4,045
French	0
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,050
None	4,030
English	0
French	20
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,490
Worked at home	410
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	825
Usual place of work	2,255
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,255
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	475
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,320
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	440
Commute to a different province or territory	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,080
Car, truck or van	2,855
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,725
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	135
Public transit	15
Walked	105
Bicycle	15
Other method	85
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,080
Less than 15 minutes	845
15 to 29 minutes	1,450
30 to 44 minutes	495
45 to 59 minutes	105
60 minutes and over	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,080
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	215
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	795
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	710
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	480
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,190
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,115
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	890
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	825

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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