Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Parksville, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,642
Population, 2016¹	12,453^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.5
Total private dwellings²	7,105
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,754
Population density per square kilometre	939.5
Land area in square kilometres	14.52
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,640
0 to 14 years	1,260
0 to 4 years	375
5 to 9 years	455
10 to 14 years	430
15 to 64 years	6,335
15 to 19 years	475
20 to 24 years	435
25 to 29 years	450
30 to 34 years	485
35 to 39 years	580
40 to 44 years	560
45 to 49 years	565
50 to 54 years	630
55 to 59 years	885
60 to 64 years	1,270
65 years and over	6,045
65 to 69 years	1,465
70 to 74 years	1,700
75 to 79 years	1,335
80 to 84 years	845
85 years and over	710
85 to 89 years	455
90 to 94 years	210
95 to 99 years	40
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.2
15 to 64 years	46.4
65 years and over	44.3
85 years and over	5.2
Average age of the population	55.0
Median age of the population	62.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,755
Single-detached house	4,065
Semi-detached house	425
Row house	850
Apartment or flat in a duplex	115
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	930
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	65
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	295
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,750
1 person	2,340
2 persons	3,180
3 persons	610
4 persons	420
5 or more persons	200
Number of persons in private households	13,305
Average household size	2.0
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,380
Married or living common-law	7,605
Married	6,335
Living common-law	1,275
Living common law - Never married	675
Living common law - Separated	50
Living common law - Divorced	470
Living common law - Widowed	75
Not married and not living common-law	4,775
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,035
Not married and not living common law - Separated	365
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,180
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,255
2 persons	3,180
3 persons	555
4 persons	390
5 or more persons	130
Average size of census families	2.4
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,260
Total couple families	3,720
Married couples	3,085
With children⁶	760
Without children	2,325
Common-law couples	635
With children⁶	175
Without children	460
Total one-parent families	535
in which the parent is a woman+	420
in which the parent is a man+	115
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,305
Total - Persons in census families	10,275
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,440
Parents in one-parent families	535
Children⁶	2,300
In a two-parent family	1,590
In a one-parent family	710
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,025
Living alone	2,340
Living with other relatives⁷	195
Living with non-relatives only	495
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,755
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,960
Couple-family households	3,525
With children⁶	850
Without children	2,670
One-parent-family households	440
Multigenerational households⁸	80
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	135
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	210
One-person households	2,340
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,880
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,880
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,715
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,115
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,720
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	785
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,230
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,850
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,850
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,665
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,115
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,660
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	820
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,200
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,110
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,295
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,615
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,140
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	42.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,050
Without total income	175
With total income	11,880
Under $10,000 (including loss)	720
$10,000 to $19,999	1,555
$20,000 to $29,999	2,310
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810
$40,000 to $49,999	1,570
$50,000 to $59,999	1,145
$60,000 to $69,999	815
$70,000 to $79,999	580
$80,000 to $89,999	385
$90,000 to $99,999	285
$100,000 and over	715
$100,000 to $149,999	520
$150,000 and over	190
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,050
Without after-tax income	175
With after-tax income	11,880
Under $10,000 (including loss)	790
$10,000 to $19,999	1,620
$20,000 to $29,999	2,560
$30,000 to $39,999	2,085
$40,000 to $49,999	1,660
$50,000 to $59,999	1,135
$60,000 to $69,999	730
$70,000 to $79,999	445
$80,000 to $89,999	300
$90,000 to $99,999	190
$100,000 and over	365
$100,000 to $124,999	210
$125,000 and over	150
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,050
Without employment income	5,935
With employment income	6,115
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,265
$5,000 to $9,999	560
$10,000 to $19,999	750
$20,000 to $29,999	685
$30,000 to $39,999	575
$40,000 to $49,999	525
$50,000 to $59,999	435
$60,000 to $69,999	330
$70,000 to $79,999	255
$80,000 to $89,999	185
$90,000 to $99,999	160
$100,000 and over	390
$100,000 to $124,999	205
$125,000 and over	185
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,710
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,740
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,755
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,935
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,445
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	630
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,700
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,715
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,780
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,865
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,385
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	690
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,280
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,530
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	77.6
Employment income (%)	46.3
Government transfers (%)	22.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,750
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,340
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,415
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,755
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,700
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,400
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,335
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,160
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,520
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,420
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,900
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,200
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,750
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	40
$15,000 to $19,999	115
$20,000 to $24,999	420
$25,000 to $29,999	340
$30,000 to $34,999	305
$35,000 to $39,999	370
$40,000 to $44,999	350
$45,000 to $49,999	325
$50,000 to $59,999	625
$60,000 to $69,999	595
$70,000 to $79,999	530
$80,000 to $89,999	440
$90,000 to $99,999	400
$100,000 and over	1,825
$100,000 to $124,999	755
$125,000 to $149,999	450
$150,000 to $199,999	365
$200,000 and over	255
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,750
Under $5,000	60
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	40
$15,000 to $19,999	125
$20,000 to $24,999	430
$25,000 to $29,999	390
$30,000 to $34,999	350
$35,000 to $39,999	395
$40,000 to $44,999	390
$45,000 to $49,999	360
$50,000 to $59,999	735
$60,000 to $69,999	675
$70,000 to $79,999	520
$80,000 to $89,999	495
$90,000 to $99,999	460
$100,000 and over	1,295
$100,000 to $124,999	610
$125,000 to $149,999	335
$150,000 and over	350
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,255
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000
Average family size of economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,710
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	945
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	520
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,830
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,265
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,700
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,720
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	955
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	510
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,400
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,825
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,310
0 to 17 years	1,545
0 to 5 years	455
18 to 64 years	5,910
65 years and over	5,850
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,515
0 to 17 years	190
0 to 5 years	65
18 to 64 years	560
65 years and over	765
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5
65 years and over (%)	13.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,305
0 to 17 years	1,540
0 to 5 years	460
18 to 64 years	5,910
65 years and over	5,855
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	310
0 to 17 years	55
0 to 5 years	15
18 to 64 years	205
65 years and over	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5
65 years and over (%)	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,305
In bottom half of the distribution	7,625
In bottom decile	1,315
In second decile	1,665
In third decile	1,490
In fourth decile	1,575
In fifth decile	1,580
In top half of the distribution	5,680
In sixth decile	1,420
In seventh decile	1,410
In eighth decile	1,165
In ninth decile	980
In top decile	710
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,305
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.263
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,530
English only	12,690
French only	0
English and French	800
Neither English nor French	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,530
English	13,325
French	165
English and French	5
Neither English nor French	30
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,530
Single responses	13,325
Official languages	12,265
English	12,085
French	180
Non-official languages	1,060
Indigenous languages³⁹	5
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,060
Afro-Asiatic languages	25
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	25
Amharic	0
Arabic	20
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	125
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	20
Kannada	0
Malayalam	15
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	735
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	5
Slavic languages	120
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	15
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	15
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5
Ukrainian	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	5
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	420
Frisian	0
High German languages	245
German	235
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	110
Afrikaans	10
Dutch	95
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	65
Danish	40
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	10
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	35
Indo-Aryan languages	35
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	5
Hindi	10
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135
Catalan	0
Italian	75
Portuguese	20
Romanian	5
Spanish	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	25
Korean	35
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45
Chinese languages	45
Hakka	0
Mandarin	30
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10
Lao	0
Thai	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	25
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	200
English and French	45
English and non-official language(s)	140
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,530
English	12,705
French	15
Non-official language	115
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	115
English and French	90
English and non-official language(s)	580
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,530
Single responses	13,420
Official languages	13,185
English	13,160
French	25
Non-official languages	235
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	10
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	70
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	75
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	30
Frisian	0
High German languages	10
German	10
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	5
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	25
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30
Chinese languages	30
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	105
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	100
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,530
None	12,930
English	115
French	75
Non-official language	355
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	355
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	30
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,305
Official languages	13,290
English	13,290
French	795
Non-official languages	1,405
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,400
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	240
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	25
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	10
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	235
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	30
Kannada	0
Malayalam	30
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	950
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	125
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	15
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	25
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	35
Bosnian	0
Croatian	25
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15
Ukrainian	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	545
Frisian	0
High German languages	365
German	365
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	10
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130
Afrikaans	35
Dutch	100
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	65
Danish	35
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	30
Indo-Aryan languages	30
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	25
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	285
Catalan	0
Italian	40
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	240
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	70
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75
Chinese languages	75
Hakka	0
Mandarin	55
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	35
Estonian	0
Finnish	10
Hungarian	30
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,305
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	535
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	535
First Nations (North American Indian)	250
Métis	250
Inuk (Inuit)	30
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	12,770
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,305
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	145
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,160
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,755
Owner	4,935
Renter	1,820
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,755
Condominium	1,375
Not condominium	5,380
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,755
No bedrooms	20
1 bedroom	575
2 bedrooms	2,995
3 bedrooms	2,565
4 or more bedrooms	600
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,755
1 to 4 rooms	1,970
5 rooms	1,565
6 rooms	1,300
7 rooms	780
8 or more rooms	1,135
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,755
One person or fewer per room	6,715
More than one person per room	40
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,755
Suitable	6,600
Not suitable	155
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,755
1960 or before	375
1961 to 1980	1,620
1981 to 1990	1,080
1991 to 2000	1,550
2001 to 2005	520
2006 to 2010	585
2011 to 2015	300
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	725
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,755
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,510
Major repairs needed	240
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,755
One-maintainer household	3,415
Two-maintainer household	3,205
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,755
15 to 24 years	95
25 to 34 years	345
35 to 44 years	590
45 to 54 years	670
55 to 64 years	1,235
65 to 74 years	1,875
75 to 84 years	1,440
85 years and over	500
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,735
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,220
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,515
30% to less than 100%	1,410
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,755
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,820
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,430
Not suitable only	120
Major repairs needed only	180
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,940
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,630
In core need	640
Not in core need	5,990
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,930
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	42.6
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.2
% in core housing need⁶³	4.5
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	740
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,047
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	595,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,825
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.2
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	47.7
% in core housing need⁶³	23.9
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,322
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,305
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	145
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	145
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	95
Métis single ancestry	45
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	460
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	450
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	250
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,700
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,305
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	12,825
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,525
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,300
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	480
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,305
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,955
Immigrants⁸¹	2,275
Before 1980	1,410
1980 to 1990	180
1991 to 2000	140
2001 to 2010	260
2011 to 2021⁸²	280
2011 to 2015	110
2016 to 2021	175
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,275
Under 5 years	260
5 to 14 years	355
15 to 24 years	590
25 to 44 years	940
45 years and over	135
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,275
Americas	270
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	10
Mexico	25
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	195
Other places of birth in Americas	25
Europe	1,500
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	20
France	15
Germany	215
Greece	0
Hungary	15
Italy	10
Netherlands	90
Poland	10
Portugal	25
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	915
Other places of birth in Europe	170
Africa	65
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	35
Other places of birth in Africa	25
Asia	370
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	50
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	45
Taiwan	0
Philippines	210
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	20
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	170
Americas	10
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	25
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	135
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	10
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	100
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,305
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,455
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,555
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	865
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	555
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	235
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	320
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	280
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	865
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	215
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	600
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,305
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	740
South Asian	80
Chinese	115
Black	30
Filipino	300
Arab	10
Latin American	60
Southeast Asian	25
West Asian	0
Korean	75
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10
Multiple visible minorities	40
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,570
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,305
Canadian	1,330
English	4,580
Irish	2,430
Scottish	3,105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,280
German	2,000
Chinese	145
Italian	370
Indian (India)	55
Ukrainian	780
Dutch	605
Polish	545
Québécois	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	920
Filipino	305
French Canadian	170
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	275
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	150
Métis	230
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	385
Russian	340
Norwegian	580
Welsh	475
Portuguese	55
American	255
Spanish	55
Swedish	385
Hungarian	215
Acadian	35
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15
Jewish	55
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	40
Jamaican	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75
Korean	60
Romanian	40
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40
Danish	220
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25
Sikh	0
Austrian	115
Belgian	60
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	100
Mennonite	20
Swiss	115
Finnish	100
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	70
Japanese	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	120
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15
Tamil	0
Icelandic	125
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	85
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	15
Newfoundlander	25
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	20
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	30
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	25
South African	10
Australian	20
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	15
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	20
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	30
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	10
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	10
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	10
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	10
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	25
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	65
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	15
Kurdish	0
Fijian	10
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	25
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	15
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	10
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,305
Buddhist	60
Christian	6,085
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,060
Anabaptist	30
Anglican	870
Baptist	370
Catholic	1,555
Christian Orthodox	50
Jehovah's Witness	150
Latter Day Saints	20
Lutheran	255
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75
Presbyterian	175
Reformed	0
United Church	1,025
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	385
Hindu	25
Jewish	35
Muslim	10
Sikh	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10
Other religions and spiritual traditions	175
No religion and secular perspectives	6,900
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,255
Non-movers	11,280
Movers	1,980
Non-migrants	580
Migrants	1,390
Internal migrants	1,355
Intraprovincial migrants	1,055
Interprovincial migrants	295
External migrants	40
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,935
Non-movers	6,895
Movers	6,035
Non-migrants	1,225
Migrants	4,815
Internal migrants	4,600
Intraprovincial migrants	3,670
Interprovincial migrants	930
External migrants	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,050
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,990
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,060
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,305
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	620
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,685
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,595
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,670
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,455
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,255
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	490
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	765
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,650
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	555
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,215
Bachelor's degree	1,430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45
Master's degree	510
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,305
No certificate, diploma or degree	470
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,560
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,270
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	620
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	255
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	365
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,020
Bachelor's degree	730
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,385
Education	600
13. Education	600
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	160
Humanities	270
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	60
54. History	45
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20
42. Psychology	130
45. Social sciences	200
Business, management and public administration	1,365
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110
25. Library science	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,430
04. Architecture and related services	45
14. Engineering	180
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	320
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	385
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340
48. Precision production	160
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90
03. Natural resources and conservation	105
Health and related fields	1,215
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,145
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	475
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10
43. Security and protective services	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	60
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,035
Education	220
13. Education	220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	90
Humanities	110
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	20
54. History	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75
22. Legal professions and studies	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	60
45. Social sciences	75
Business, management and public administration	690
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	675
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	210
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160
48. Precision production	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	60
Health and related fields	635
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	590
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	265
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	35
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,275
Location of study inside Canada	2,935
Same as province or territory of residence	1,965
Different than province or territory of residence	970
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	335
Americas	80
United States of America	60
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	120
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	105
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	15
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	20
Philippines	65
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	15
Australia	15
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,055
In the labour force	5,085
Employed	4,740
Unemployed	340
Not in the labour force	6,970
Participation rate	42.2
Employment rate	39.3
Unemployment rate	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,055
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,850
Worked	5,205
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,380
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,825
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,085
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,025
Employee	4,035
Permanent position	3,430
Temporary position	605
Fixed term (1 year or more)	165
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	440
Self-employed¹⁹²	995
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,085
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,025
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	735
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	240
3 Health occupations	505
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	530
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145
6 Sales and service occupations	1,745
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	890
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	125
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	80
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,085
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55
All industries¹⁹¹	5,025
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25
22 Utilities	10
23 Construction	550
31-33 Manufacturing	175
41 Wholesale trade	100
44-45 Retail trade	830
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	140
51 Information and cultural industries	80
52 Finance and insurance	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	380
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230
61 Educational services	280
62 Health care and social assistance	875
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110
72 Accommodation and food services	450
81 Other services (except public administration)	265
91 Public administration	205
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,665
English	5,580
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	40
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,665
Single responses	5,665
Official languages	5,650
English	5,650
French	0
Non-official languages	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,665
None	5,580
English	15
French	40
Non-official language	15
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	15
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,740
Worked at home	810
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	775
Usual place of work	3,150
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,150
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,775
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	225
Commute to a different province or territory	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,930
Car, truck or van	3,310
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,070
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	240
Public transit	60
Walked	435
Bicycle	45
Other method	85
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,930
Less than 15 minutes	2,120
15 to 29 minutes	950
30 to 44 minutes	515
45 to 59 minutes	180
60 minutes and over	170
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,930
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	210
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	545
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,005
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,000
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	600
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	560
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,580
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,525
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,180
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,130

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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