Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Nanaimo F, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,216
Population, 2016¹	7,724
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.4
Total private dwellings²	3,877
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,673
Population density per square kilometre	31.1
Land area in square kilometres	264.11
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,215
0 to 14 years	1,135
0 to 4 years	290
5 to 9 years	390
10 to 14 years	455
15 to 64 years	5,190
15 to 19 years	370
20 to 24 years	315
25 to 29 years	355
30 to 34 years	395
35 to 39 years	500
40 to 44 years	570
45 to 49 years	525
50 to 54 years	545
55 to 59 years	750
60 to 64 years	860
65 years and over	1,895
65 to 69 years	750
70 to 74 years	620
75 to 79 years	285
80 to 84 years	140
85 years and over	100
85 to 89 years	60
90 to 94 years	30
95 to 99 years	10
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.8
15 to 64 years	63.2
65 years and over	23.1
85 years and over	1.2
Average age of the population	45.9
Median age of the population	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,670
Single-detached house	2,845
Semi-detached house	85
Row house	5
Apartment or flat in a duplex	70
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	15
Movable dwelling⁴	590
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,670
1 person	1,085
2 persons	1,495
3 persons	525
4 persons	390
5 or more persons	170
Number of persons in private households	8,190
Average household size	2.2
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,085
Married or living common-law	4,250
Married	3,145
Living common-law	1,105
Living common law - Never married	750
Living common law - Separated	55
Living common law - Divorced	275
Living common law - Widowed	30
Not married and not living common-law	2,830
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,600
Not married and not living common law - Separated	220
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	665
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	345
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,480
2 persons	1,545
3 persons	485
4 persons	345
5 or more persons	105
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,475
Total couple families	2,105
Married couples	1,550
With children⁶	615
Without children	940
Common-law couples	550
With children⁶	190
Without children	360
Total one-parent families	375
in which the parent is a woman+	265
in which the parent is a man+	110
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,190
Total - Persons in census families	6,480
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,205
Parents in one-parent families	375
Children⁶	1,895
In a two-parent family	1,335
In a one-parent family	560
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,710
Living alone	1,090
Living with other relatives⁷	205
Living with non-relatives only	420
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,675
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,155
Couple-family households	1,880
With children⁶	710
Without children	1,170
One-parent-family households	280
Multigenerational households⁸	80
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	145
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	175
One-person households	1,090
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,905
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,920
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,030
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,580
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,980
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,015
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,920
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,930
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,965
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,580
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,995
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	700
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,710
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,055
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,310
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,040
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,695
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,195
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,320
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,055
Without total income	145
With total income	6,910
Under $10,000 (including loss)	605
$10,000 to $19,999	1,000
$20,000 to $29,999	1,250
$30,000 to $39,999	1,045
$40,000 to $49,999	825
$50,000 to $59,999	605
$60,000 to $69,999	455
$70,000 to $79,999	320
$80,000 to $89,999	220
$90,000 to $99,999	120
$100,000 and over	455
$100,000 to $149,999	315
$150,000 and over	140
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,055
Without after-tax income	135
With after-tax income	6,920
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635
$10,000 to $19,999	1,035
$20,000 to $29,999	1,415
$30,000 to $39,999	1,180
$40,000 to $49,999	870
$50,000 to $59,999	640
$60,000 to $69,999	415
$70,000 to $79,999	230
$80,000 to $89,999	145
$90,000 to $99,999	105
$100,000 and over	240
$100,000 to $124,999	135
$125,000 and over	105
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,055
Without employment income	2,475
With employment income	4,580
Under $5,000 (including loss)	900
$5,000 to $9,999	400
$10,000 to $19,999	585
$20,000 to $29,999	470
$30,000 to $39,999	445
$40,000 to $49,999	410
$50,000 to $59,999	350
$60,000 to $69,999	260
$70,000 to $79,999	205
$80,000 to $89,999	150
$90,000 to $99,999	95
$100,000 and over	305
$100,000 to $124,999	150
$125,000 and over	155
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,755
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,775
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,990
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,820
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,925
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	550
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,725
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,755
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,895
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,715
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,955
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,990
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	545
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,040
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,685
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,040
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	82.6
Employment income (%)	63.0
Government transfers (%)	17.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,670
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,090
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,585
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,675
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,300
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,105
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,700
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,300
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,570
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,200
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,200
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,670
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	20
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	120
$20,000 to $24,999	210
$25,000 to $29,999	160
$30,000 to $34,999	180
$35,000 to $39,999	175
$40,000 to $44,999	170
$45,000 to $49,999	165
$50,000 to $59,999	310
$60,000 to $69,999	285
$70,000 to $79,999	280
$80,000 to $89,999	260
$90,000 to $99,999	180
$100,000 and over	1,080
$100,000 to $124,999	375
$125,000 to $149,999	280
$150,000 to $199,999	245
$200,000 and over	180
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,670
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	20
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	125
$20,000 to $24,999	225
$25,000 to $29,999	180
$30,000 to $34,999	200
$35,000 to $39,999	185
$40,000 to $44,999	210
$45,000 to $49,999	175
$50,000 to $59,999	330
$60,000 to $69,999	370
$70,000 to $79,999	270
$80,000 to $89,999	255
$90,000 to $99,999	205
$100,000 and over	845
$100,000 to $124,999	370
$125,000 to $149,999	220
$150,000 and over	255
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,460
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,205
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	810
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	355
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,505
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,420
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,600
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,400
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,135
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,800
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	800
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,560
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,190
0 to 17 years	1,370
0 to 5 years	360
18 to 64 years	4,930
65 years and over	1,885
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,225
0 to 17 years	230
0 to 5 years	75
18 to 64 years	685
65 years and over	310
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	16.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9
65 years and over (%)	16.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,190
0 to 17 years	1,370
0 to 5 years	360
18 to 64 years	4,930
65 years and over	1,885
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250
0 to 17 years	50
0 to 5 years	15
18 to 64 years	180
65 years and over	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6
65 years and over (%)	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,190
In bottom half of the distribution	4,895
In bottom decile	1,115
In second decile	1,080
In third decile	970
In fourth decile	920
In fifth decile	810
In top half of the distribution	3,295
In sixth decile	830
In seventh decile	720
In eighth decile	645
In ninth decile	630
In top decile	475
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,190
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.466
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.285
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,210
English only	7,745
French only	0
English and French	455
Neither English nor French	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,210
English	8,075
French	120
English and French	10
Neither English nor French	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,210
Single responses	8,115
Official languages	7,735
English	7,600
French	140
Non-official languages	375
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	20
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	280
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	45
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	180
Frisian	0
High German languages	115
German	110
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	40
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	20
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	30
Estonian	5
Finnish	5
Hungarian	25
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	95
English and French	35
English and non-official language(s)	55
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,210
English	7,870
French	20
Non-official language	30
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	30
English and French	55
English and non-official language(s)	220
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,210
Single responses	8,165
Official languages	8,105
English	8,080
French	30
Non-official languages	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	35
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	5
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	20
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	20
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	45
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,210
None	7,960
English	35
French	45
Non-official language	150
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	150
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,185
Official languages	8,185
English	8,185
French	505
Non-official languages	690
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	690
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	10
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	35
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	565
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95
Baltic languages	20
Latvian	10
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	75
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	310
Frisian	0
High German languages	220
German	220
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85
Afrikaans	35
Dutch	50
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	20
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	10
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	10
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170
Catalan	0
Italian	45
Portuguese	20
Romanian	0
Spanish	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	10
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	20
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	35
Estonian	0
Finnish	15
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,190
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	580
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	565
First Nations (North American Indian)	265
Métis	300
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,610
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,190
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	130
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,060
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,675
Owner	2,640
Renter	1,040
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,675
Condominium	40
Not condominium	3,635
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,675
No bedrooms	10
1 bedroom	605
2 bedrooms	1,110
3 bedrooms	1,330
4 or more bedrooms	615
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,675
1 to 4 rooms	1,195
5 rooms	600
6 rooms	625
7 rooms	480
8 or more rooms	770
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,675
One person or fewer per room	3,640
More than one person per room	30
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,675
Suitable	3,520
Not suitable	155
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,675
1960 or before	230
1961 to 1980	990
1981 to 1990	490
1991 to 2000	795
2001 to 2005	390
2006 to 2010	395
2011 to 2015	205
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	180
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,675
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,380
Major repairs needed	295
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,675
One-maintainer household	1,860
Two-maintainer household	1,660
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,675
15 to 24 years	75
25 to 34 years	250
35 to 44 years	570
45 to 54 years	600
55 to 64 years	965
65 to 74 years	805
75 to 84 years	330
85 years and over	80
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,620
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,805
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	820
30% to less than 100%	705
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,675
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,140
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	700
Not suitable only	120
Major repairs needed only	195
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,535
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,515
In core need	400
Not in core need	3,110
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,590
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.9
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.6
% in core housing need⁶³	6.3
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	745
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,152
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	663,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,035
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.8
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.4
% in core housing need⁶³	24.2
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,034
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,190
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	190
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	190
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	120
Métis single ancestry	65
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	500
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	480
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,500
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,190
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,950
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,360
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,585
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	240
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,190
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,245
Immigrants⁸¹	925
Before 1980	455
1980 to 1990	130
1991 to 2000	155
2001 to 2010	105
2011 to 2021⁸²	80
2011 to 2015	50
2016 to 2021	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	925
Under 5 years	145
5 to 14 years	185
15 to 24 years	195
25 to 44 years	330
45 years and over	70
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	925
Americas	160
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	135
Other places of birth in Americas	20
Europe	560
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	80
Greece	0
Hungary	10
Italy	0
Netherlands	45
Poland	10
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	325
Other places of birth in Europe	60
Africa	80
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	25
Other places of birth in Africa	45
Asia	85
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	30
Viet Nam	20
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	40
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30
Americas	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	0
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	25
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,190
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,035
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,540
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,615
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	470
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	225
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	100
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	470
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	345
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,190
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225
South Asian	15
Chinese	10
Black	50
Filipino	75
Arab	0
Latin American	15
Southeast Asian	25
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,965
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,190
Canadian	1,230
English	2,850
Irish	1,480
Scottish	1,955
French, n.o.s.¹²²	805
German	1,420
Chinese	10
Italian	200
Indian (India)	30
Ukrainian	515
Dutch	365
Polish	310
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	570
Filipino	75
French Canadian	175
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	125
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	200
Métis	250
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	245
Russian	200
Norwegian	290
Welsh	285
Portuguese	20
American	120
Spanish	50
Swedish	250
Hungarian	120
Acadian	10
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10
Jewish	35
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	50
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	70
Korean	0
Romanian	65
Lebanese	0
Iranian	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20
Danish	165
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	90
Sikh	0
Austrian	65
Belgian	30
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	20
Mennonite	30
Swiss	25
Finnish	40
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	20
Japanese	30
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	75
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	25
Colombian	25
Moroccan	0
Czech	75
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15
Serbian	15
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	15
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	15
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	30
Slovak	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	25
Australian	40
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	10
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	30
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	25
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	70
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	10
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	20
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,190
Buddhist	55
Christian	2,375
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	565
Anabaptist	45
Anglican	385
Baptist	105
Catholic	495
Christian Orthodox	30
Jehovah's Witness	100
Latter Day Saints	20
Lutheran	80
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75
Presbyterian	30
Reformed	45
United Church	245
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	140
Hindu	0
Jewish	25
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	150
No religion and secular perspectives	5,575
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,155
Non-movers	7,400
Movers	755
Non-migrants	230
Migrants	520
Internal migrants	510
Intraprovincial migrants	445
Interprovincial migrants	65
External migrants	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,915
Non-movers	4,780
Movers	3,135
Non-migrants	560
Migrants	2,580
Internal migrants	2,500
Intraprovincial migrants	2,065
Interprovincial migrants	435
External migrants	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,040
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,470
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,565
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,465
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	765
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,700
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,035
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,140
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,570
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,690
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,015
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	360
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	660
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,435
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	880
Bachelor's degree	585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20
Master's degree	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	565
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,500
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,870
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	680
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	220
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	465
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,045
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140
Bachelor's degree or higher	630
Bachelor's degree	420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	135
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,470
Education	210
13. Education	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	100
Humanities	120
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80
22. Legal professions and studies	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	55
45. Social sciences	90
Business, management and public administration	495
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,035
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260
48. Precision production	150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	60
Health and related fields	630
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	605
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	335
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	180
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	120
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,965
Education	130
13. Education	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70
Humanities	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60
22. Legal professions and studies	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	35
45. Social sciences	75
Business, management and public administration	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	690
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	260
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	170
48. Precision production	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	45
Health and related fields	460
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	435
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	225
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	55
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,495
Location of study inside Canada	2,245
Same as province or territory of residence	1,735
Different than province or territory of residence	510
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	255
Americas	75
United States of America	75
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	120
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	25
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	10
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	30
Australia	20
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,035
In the labour force	4,075
Employed	3,715
Unemployed	365
Not in the labour force	2,960
Participation rate	57.9
Employment rate	52.8
Unemployment rate	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,035
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,855
Worked	4,180
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,810
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,370
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,075
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,995
Employee	2,885
Permanent position	2,405
Temporary position	480
Fixed term (1 year or more)	90
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	390
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,105
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,075
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,995
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	565
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	180
3 Health occupations	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	305
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115
6 Sales and service occupations	955
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,135
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	285
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,075
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All industries¹⁹¹	3,995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	195
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20
22 Utilities	20
23 Construction	710
31-33 Manufacturing	215
41 Wholesale trade	75
44-45 Retail trade	405
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	185
51 Information and cultural industries	50
52 Finance and insurance	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	255
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	300
61 Educational services	155
62 Health care and social assistance	465
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	85
72 Accommodation and food services	270
81 Other services (except public administration)	245
91 Public administration	180
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,525
English	4,485
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,525
Single responses	4,515
Official languages	4,515
English	4,505
French	10
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,525
None	4,495
English	0
French	0
Non-official language	15
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,715
Worked at home	715
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	970
Usual place of work	2,025
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,025
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	670
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	115
Commute to a different province or territory	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,000
Car, truck or van	2,760
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,540
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	225
Public transit	0
Walked	110
Bicycle	40
Other method	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,000
Less than 15 minutes	1,065
15 to 29 minutes	1,055
30 to 44 minutes	560
45 to 59 minutes	160
60 minutes and over	155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,000
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	470
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	835
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	725
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	515
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	305
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,400
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,310
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,090
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,020

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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