Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Nanaimo G, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,109
Population, 2016¹	7,526^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.7
Total private dwellings²	3,779
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,577
Population density per square kilometre	164.4
Land area in square kilometres	49.31
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,110
0 to 14 years	760
0 to 4 years	180
5 to 9 years	295
10 to 14 years	290
15 to 64 years	4,045
15 to 19 years	300
20 to 24 years	215
25 to 29 years	230
30 to 34 years	235
35 to 39 years	305
40 to 44 years	320
45 to 49 years	390
50 to 54 years	460
55 to 59 years	725
60 to 64 years	865
65 years and over	3,305
65 to 69 years	930
70 to 74 years	985
75 to 79 years	725
80 to 84 years	395
85 years and over	275
85 to 89 years	200
90 to 94 years	65
95 to 99 years	10
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.4
15 to 64 years	49.9
65 years and over	40.8
85 years and over	3.4
Average age of the population	54.4
Median age of the population	60.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,575
Single-detached house	3,030
Semi-detached house	210
Row house	110
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	10
Movable dwelling⁴	150
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,575
1 person	765
2 persons	1,965
3 persons	375
4 persons	305
5 or more persons	155
Number of persons in private households	7,935
Average household size	2.2
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,350
Married or living common-law	5,195
Married	4,470
Living common-law	725
Living common law - Never married	380
Living common law - Separated	25
Living common law - Divorced	285
Living common law - Widowed	45
Not married and not living common-law	2,155
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,115
Not married and not living common law - Separated	135
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	445
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	445
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,780
2 persons	2,065
3 persons	335
4 persons	295
5 or more persons	85
Average size of census families	2.4
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,780
Total couple families	2,530
Married couples	2,165
With children⁶	550
Without children	1,620
Common-law couples	365
With children⁶	100
Without children	265
Total one-parent families	245
in which the parent is a woman+	195
in which the parent is a man+	55
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,930
Total - Persons in census families	6,765
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,065
Parents in one-parent families	250
Children⁶	1,460
In a two-parent family	1,125
In a one-parent family	335
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,160
Living alone	770
Living with other relatives⁷	135
Living with non-relatives only	265
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,575
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,505
Couple-family households	2,320
With children⁶	570
Without children	1,755
One-parent-family households	180
Multigenerational households⁸	75
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	95
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	100
One-person households	770
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,055
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,055
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,490
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,770
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,095
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	450
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,315
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,045
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,045
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,460
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,775
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,070
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	465
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,315
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,310
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,185
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,270
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,755
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	46.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,185
Without total income	130
With total income	7,055
Under $10,000 (including loss)	490
$10,000 to $19,999	895
$20,000 to $29,999	1,140
$30,000 to $39,999	970
$40,000 to $49,999	820
$50,000 to $59,999	685
$60,000 to $69,999	505
$70,000 to $79,999	395
$80,000 to $89,999	265
$90,000 to $99,999	185
$100,000 and over	710
$100,000 to $149,999	500
$150,000 and over	205
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,185
Without after-tax income	130
With after-tax income	7,055
Under $10,000 (including loss)	550
$10,000 to $19,999	930
$20,000 to $29,999	1,275
$30,000 to $39,999	1,115
$40,000 to $49,999	915
$50,000 to $59,999	680
$60,000 to $69,999	485
$70,000 to $79,999	305
$80,000 to $89,999	245
$90,000 to $99,999	160
$100,000 and over	395
$100,000 to $124,999	205
$125,000 and over	185
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,185
Without employment income	3,410
With employment income	3,770
Under $5,000 (including loss)	825
$5,000 to $9,999	335
$10,000 to $19,999	465
$20,000 to $29,999	330
$30,000 to $39,999	310
$40,000 to $49,999	270
$50,000 to $59,999	235
$60,000 to $69,999	220
$70,000 to $79,999	145
$80,000 to $89,999	135
$90,000 to $99,999	110
$100,000 and over	385
$100,000 to $124,999	170
$125,000 and over	210
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,950
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,970
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,495
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,255
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,250
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	350
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,965
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,150
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,970
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,475
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,325
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,325
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,620
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	325
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,185
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,720
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0
Employment income (%)	51.4
Government transfers (%)	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,575
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	770
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,810
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,580
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,800
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	775
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,500
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,810
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,200
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,600
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,575
Under $5,000	20
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	40
$20,000 to $24,999	110
$25,000 to $29,999	85
$30,000 to $34,999	105
$35,000 to $39,999	130
$40,000 to $44,999	130
$45,000 to $49,999	165
$50,000 to $59,999	260
$60,000 to $69,999	295
$70,000 to $79,999	270
$80,000 to $89,999	270
$90,000 to $99,999	245
$100,000 and over	1,415
$100,000 to $124,999	490
$125,000 to $149,999	325
$150,000 to $199,999	310
$200,000 and over	285
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,575
Under $5,000	20
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	45
$20,000 to $24,999	115
$25,000 to $29,999	105
$30,000 to $34,999	115
$35,000 to $39,999	150
$40,000 to $44,999	160
$45,000 to $49,999	180
$50,000 to $59,999	310
$60,000 to $69,999	340
$70,000 to $79,999	320
$80,000 to $89,999	320
$90,000 to $99,999	255
$100,000 and over	1,100
$100,000 to $124,999	470
$125,000 to $149,999	250
$150,000 and over	385
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,735
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000
Average family size of economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,780
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	660
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	220
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,030
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,725
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,795
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	650
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,600
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	225
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,930
0 to 17 years	925
0 to 5 years	230
18 to 64 years	3,755
65 years and over	3,245
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	620
0 to 17 years	85
0 to 5 years	20
18 to 64 years	305
65 years and over	235
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1
65 years and over (%)	7.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,930
0 to 17 years	930
0 to 5 years	225
18 to 64 years	3,760
65 years and over	3,245
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	180
0 to 17 years	15
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	135
65 years and over	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6
65 years and over (%)	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,935
In bottom half of the distribution	3,545
In bottom decile	565
In second decile	705
In third decile	695
In fourth decile	790
In fifth decile	790
In top half of the distribution	4,390
In sixth decile	995
In seventh decile	940
In eighth decile	815
In ninth decile	800
In top decile	840
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,930
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.316
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.441
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.277
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,110
English only	7,600
French only	0
English and French	495
Neither English nor French	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,110
English	8,015
French	70
English and French	10
Neither English nor French	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,110
Single responses	8,035
Official languages	7,495
English	7,410
French	85
Non-official languages	540
Indigenous languages³⁹	5
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	535
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	40
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	395
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	60
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	5
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	20
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	245
Frisian	0
High German languages	135
German	130
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	75
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	35
Danish	20
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	10
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20
Indo-Aryan languages	15
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70
Catalan	0
Italian	35
Portuguese	10
Romanian	5
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	15
Korean	25
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30
Chinese languages	30
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	5
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	0
Finnish	10
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	75
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	50
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,110
English	7,735
French	15
Non-official language	55
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	55
English and French	55
English and non-official language(s)	240
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,110
Single responses	8,060
Official languages	7,970
English	7,960
French	15
Non-official languages	90
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	10
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	35
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	15
Frisian	0
High German languages	5
German	5
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	20
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	5
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	50
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	40
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,110
None	7,845
English	25
French	40
Non-official language	175
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	165
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,930
Official languages	7,925
English	7,925
French	490
Non-official languages	705
Indigenous languages³⁹	15
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	690
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	40
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	535
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	65
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	15
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	260
Frisian	0
High German languages	155
German	155
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	60
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	40
Danish	35
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50
Indo-Aryan languages	50
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	30
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170
Catalan	0
Italian	40
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	20
Korean	20
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35
Chinese languages	35
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	20
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	20
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	0
Finnish	10
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,935
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	345
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	330
First Nations (North American Indian)	130
Métis	200
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,590
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,935
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,840
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,580
Owner	3,245
Renter	330
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,580
Condominium	275
Not condominium	3,300
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,580
No bedrooms	15
1 bedroom	100
2 bedrooms	1,005
3 bedrooms	1,720
4 or more bedrooms	745
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,580
1 to 4 rooms	505
5 rooms	700
6 rooms	675
7 rooms	570
8 or more rooms	1,120
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,580
One person or fewer per room	3,565
More than one person per room	15
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,580
Suitable	3,510
Not suitable	65
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,580
1960 or before	145
1961 to 1980	805
1981 to 1990	610
1991 to 2000	785
2001 to 2005	420
2006 to 2010	310
2011 to 2015	280
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	215
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,580
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,450
Major repairs needed	125
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,580
One-maintainer household	1,385
Two-maintainer household	2,035
Three-or-more-maintainer household	160
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,580
15 to 24 years	25
25 to 34 years	125
35 to 44 years	275
45 to 54 years	355
55 to 64 years	875
65 to 74 years	1,050
75 to 84 years	650
85 years and over	220
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,565
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,030
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	540
30% to less than 100%	510
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,580
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	685
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	500
Not suitable only	60
Major repairs needed only	85
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,890
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,535
In core need	170
Not in core need	3,365
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,235
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	43.6
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.7
% in core housing need⁶³	3.7
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	735
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,128
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	817,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	335
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.4
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.8
% in core housing need⁶³	16.9
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,930
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	120
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	120
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	85
Métis single ancestry	35
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	235
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	105
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,575
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,930
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,710
Canadian citizens aged under 18	920
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,795
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,930
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,640
Immigrants⁸¹	1,260
Before 1980	780
1980 to 1990	175
1991 to 2000	110
2001 to 2010	100
2011 to 2021⁸²	90
2011 to 2015	40
2016 to 2021	45
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,260
Under 5 years	165
5 to 14 years	225
15 to 24 years	280
25 to 44 years	505
45 years and over	75
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,260
Americas	135
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	10
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	10
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	100
Other places of birth in Americas	10
Europe	935
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	80
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	15
Netherlands	55
Poland	20
Portugal	10
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	620
Other places of birth in Europe	110
Africa	30
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	120
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	15
Taiwan	10
Philippines	30
Viet Nam	10
Bangladesh	0
India	20
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45
Americas	10
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	20
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	10
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,930
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,305
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,715
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,910
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	475
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	275
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	145
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	130
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	180
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	475
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	355
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,930
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	315
South Asian	100
Chinese	65
Black	15
Filipino	45
Arab	0
Latin American	20
Southeast Asian	15
West Asian	0
Korean	20
Japanese	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,620
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,930
Canadian	840
English	3,075
Irish	1,430
Scottish	1,765
French, n.o.s.¹²²	770
German	1,100
Chinese	60
Italian	160
Indian (India)	65
Ukrainian	415
Dutch	415
Polish	395
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	580
Filipino	30
French Canadian	80
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	85
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	85
Métis	150
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	185
Russian	170
Norwegian	305
Welsh	245
Portuguese	45
American	175
Spanish	25
Swedish	385
Hungarian	75
Acadian	10
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	25
Punjabi	35
Vietnamese	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	15
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40
Korean	0
Romanian	70
Lebanese	10
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	190
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15
Sikh	0
Austrian	80
Belgian	10
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	30
Mennonite	10
Swiss	45
Finnish	90
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	10
Japanese	40
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	105
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	35
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	10
Newfoundlander	35
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	15
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20
Somali	0
Taiwanese	10
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	10
Australian	45
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	10
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	10
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	10
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	20
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	10
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10
New Zealander	40
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,935
Buddhist	0
Christian	3,215
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	695
Anabaptist	20
Anglican	515
Baptist	120
Catholic	835
Christian Orthodox	10
Jehovah's Witness	100
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	135
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35
Presbyterian	35
Reformed	0
United Church	540
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	145
Hindu	20
Jewish	20
Muslim	20
Sikh	35
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110
No religion and secular perspectives	4,485
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,915
Non-movers	7,045
Movers	870
Non-migrants	240
Migrants	630
Internal migrants	610
Intraprovincial migrants	525
Interprovincial migrants	85
External migrants	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,745
Non-movers	4,820
Movers	2,925
Non-migrants	300
Migrants	2,620
Internal migrants	2,530
Intraprovincial migrants	2,160
Interprovincial migrants	380
External migrants	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,045
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,135
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,405
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	355
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,050
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,180
No certificate, diploma or degree	800
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	825
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	285
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	540
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,620
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	305
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,380
Bachelor's degree	875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30
Master's degree	275
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,405
No certificate, diploma or degree	250
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,200
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,485
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	435
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	155
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	280
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160
Bachelor's degree or higher	715
Bachelor's degree	485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	110
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,055
Education	385
13. Education	385
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	95
Humanities	115
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15
54. History	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	355
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85
22. Legal professions and studies	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	50
45. Social sciences	110
Business, management and public administration	785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	725
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	935
04. Architecture and related services	15
14. Engineering	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	305
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	195
48. Precision production	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	50
Health and related fields	755
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	675
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	245
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	90
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,205
Education	125
13. Education	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	50
Humanities	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	30
45. Social sciences	75
Business, management and public administration	405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	475
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	165
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100
48. Precision production	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	35
Health and related fields	415
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	365
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	145
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	50
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,195
Location of study inside Canada	1,985
Same as province or territory of residence	1,455
Different than province or territory of residence	535
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	210
Americas	55
United States of America	45
Mexico	10
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	65
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	20
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	70
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	10
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	15
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	10
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,180
In the labour force	3,220
Employed	2,920
Unemployed	305
Not in the labour force	3,960
Participation rate	44.8
Employment rate	40.7
Unemployment rate	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,180
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,885
Worked	3,295
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,335
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,960
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,225
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,170
Employee	2,340
Permanent position	1,865
Temporary position	470
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	350
Self-employed¹⁹²	830
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,225
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,170
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	490
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	190
3 Health occupations	325
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	335
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120
6 Sales and service occupations	725
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	695
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	165
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	75
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,225
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55
All industries¹⁹¹	3,170
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30
22 Utilities	25
23 Construction	430
31-33 Manufacturing	125
41 Wholesale trade	70
44-45 Retail trade	400
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	125
51 Information and cultural industries	55
52 Finance and insurance	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	295
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	145
61 Educational services	160
62 Health care and social assistance	425
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105
72 Accommodation and food services	155
81 Other services (except public administration)	160
91 Public administration	205
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,590
English	3,515
French	15
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	25
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,590
Single responses	3,590
Official languages	3,580
English	3,555
French	25
Non-official languages	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,590
None	3,540
English	15
French	20
Non-official language	25
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	25
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,920
Worked at home	570
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	520
Usual place of work	1,815
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,815
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	215
Commute to a different province or territory	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,340
Car, truck or van	2,085
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,960
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	125
Public transit	30
Walked	80
Bicycle	45
Other method	95
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,340
Less than 15 minutes	1,015
15 to 29 minutes	645
30 to 44 minutes	400
45 to 59 minutes	135
60 minutes and over	150
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,340
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	335
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	630
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	390
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	240
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	950
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	895
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	760
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	720

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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