Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Comox Valley B (Lazo North), Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,392
Population, 2016¹	7,095
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.2
Total private dwellings²	3,376
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,147
Population density per square kilometre	136.7
Land area in square kilometres	54.08
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,390
0 to 14 years	925
0 to 4 years	240
5 to 9 years	325
10 to 14 years	365
15 to 64 years	4,345
15 to 19 years	365
20 to 24 years	275
25 to 29 years	240
30 to 34 years	295
35 to 39 years	380
40 to 44 years	415
45 to 49 years	380
50 to 54 years	530
55 to 59 years	680
60 to 64 years	785
65 years and over	2,120
65 to 69 years	730
70 to 74 years	590
75 to 79 years	415
80 to 84 years	235
85 years and over	155
85 to 89 years	100
90 to 94 years	40
95 to 99 years	10
100 years and over	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.5
15 to 64 years	58.8
65 years and over	28.7
85 years and over	2.1
Average age of the population	48.6
Median age of the population	54.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,145
Single-detached house	2,670
Semi-detached house	25
Row house	5
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	70
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	320
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,150
1 person	760
2 persons	1,420
3 persons	385
4 persons	375
5 or more persons	200
Number of persons in private households	7,385
Average household size	2.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,465
Married or living common-law	4,315
Married	3,525
Living common-law	790
Living common law - Never married	480
Living common law - Separated	30
Living common law - Divorced	245
Living common law - Widowed	30
Not married and not living common-law	2,150
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,270
Not married and not living common law - Separated	135
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	405
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	340
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,375
2 persons	1,520
3 persons	375
4 persons	350
5 or more persons	130
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,375
Total couple families	2,140
Married couples	1,740
With children⁶	635
Without children	1,105
Common-law couples	395
With children⁶	135
Without children	265
Total one-parent families	235
in which the parent is a woman+	170
in which the parent is a man+	70
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,380
Total - Persons in census families	6,245
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,275
Parents in one-parent families	240
Children⁶	1,740
In a two-parent family	1,380
In a one-parent family	360
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,135
Living alone	755
Living with other relatives⁷	130
Living with non-relatives only	245
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,145
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,090
Couple-family households	1,920
With children⁶	680
Without children	1,240
One-parent-family households	170
Multigenerational households⁸	70
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	85
One-person households	755
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,305
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,305
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,855
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,045
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,210
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	480
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,375
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,290
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,290
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,805
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,040
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,105
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,990
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,275
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,460
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,495
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,920
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	53.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,460
Without total income	155
With total income	6,300
Under $10,000 (including loss)	515
$10,000 to $19,999	740
$20,000 to $29,999	910
$30,000 to $39,999	820
$40,000 to $49,999	740
$50,000 to $59,999	580
$60,000 to $69,999	465
$70,000 to $79,999	345
$80,000 to $89,999	285
$90,000 to $99,999	190
$100,000 and over	700
$100,000 to $149,999	430
$150,000 and over	275
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,460
Without after-tax income	155
With after-tax income	6,305
Under $10,000 (including loss)	575
$10,000 to $19,999	770
$20,000 to $29,999	1,025
$30,000 to $39,999	955
$40,000 to $49,999	810
$50,000 to $59,999	610
$60,000 to $69,999	455
$70,000 to $79,999	305
$80,000 to $89,999	220
$90,000 to $99,999	135
$100,000 and over	435
$100,000 to $124,999	205
$125,000 and over	230
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,460
Without employment income	2,415
With employment income	4,040
Under $5,000 (including loss)	755
$5,000 to $9,999	330
$10,000 to $19,999	470
$20,000 to $29,999	410
$30,000 to $39,999	340
$40,000 to $49,999	315
$50,000 to $59,999	320
$60,000 to $69,999	225
$70,000 to $79,999	190
$80,000 to $89,999	145
$90,000 to $99,999	125
$100,000 and over	430
$100,000 to $124,999	170
$125,000 and over	260
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,180
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,200
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,820
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,410
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,270
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	425
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,125
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,950
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,165
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,795
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,395
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,220
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	470
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,460
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,480
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,835
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	87.2
Employment income (%)	57.5
Government transfers (%)	12.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,150
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	755
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,390
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,145
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	109,600
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,400
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	755
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,700
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,395
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,800
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,150
Under $5,000	40
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	25
$15,000 to $19,999	50
$20,000 to $24,999	105
$25,000 to $29,999	60
$30,000 to $34,999	105
$35,000 to $39,999	100
$40,000 to $44,999	105
$45,000 to $49,999	115
$50,000 to $59,999	235
$60,000 to $69,999	230
$70,000 to $79,999	210
$80,000 to $89,999	210
$90,000 to $99,999	215
$100,000 and over	1,340
$100,000 to $124,999	395
$125,000 to $149,999	265
$150,000 to $199,999	325
$200,000 and over	345
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,150
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	25
$15,000 to $19,999	50
$20,000 to $24,999	115
$25,000 to $29,999	85
$30,000 to $34,999	115
$35,000 to $39,999	115
$40,000 to $44,999	125
$45,000 to $49,999	130
$50,000 to $59,999	275
$60,000 to $69,999	285
$70,000 to $79,999	210
$80,000 to $89,999	260
$90,000 to $99,999	205
$100,000 and over	1,085
$100,000 to $124,999	385
$125,000 to $149,999	240
$150,000 and over	455
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,325
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,270
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	780
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	210
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,005
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,345
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,600
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,900
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,270
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	795
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,800
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	970
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,385
0 to 17 years	1,145
0 to 5 years	305
18 to 64 years	4,120
65 years and over	2,115
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	635
0 to 17 years	100
0 to 5 years	30
18 to 64 years	355
65 years and over	185
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5
65 years and over (%)	8.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,380
0 to 17 years	1,145
0 to 5 years	310
18 to 64 years	4,120
65 years and over	2,115
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	245
0 to 17 years	40
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	175
65 years and over	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2
65 years and over (%)	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,385
In bottom half of the distribution	3,245
In bottom decile	615
In second decile	530
In third decile	575
In fourth decile	770
In fifth decile	755
In top half of the distribution	4,135
In sixth decile	760
In seventh decile	805
In eighth decile	800
In ninth decile	850
In top decile	925
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,380
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.324
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.427
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.288
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,390
English only	6,540
French only	5
English and French	835
Neither English nor French	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,390
English	7,220
French	150
English and French	15
Neither English nor French	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,390
Single responses	7,280
Official languages	6,915
English	6,765
French	150
Non-official languages	365
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	15
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	5
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	275
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	30
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	10
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	170
Frisian	0
High German languages	110
German	105
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40
Afrikaans	15
Dutch	30
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	15
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55
Catalan	0
Italian	15
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	15
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35
Chinese languages	35
Hakka	0
Mandarin	25
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	10
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	110
English and French	50
English and non-official language(s)	50
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,390
English	6,990
French	35
Non-official language	50
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	50
English and French	95
English and non-official language(s)	205
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,390
Single responses	7,350
Official languages	7,255
English	7,205
French	50
Non-official languages	90
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	5
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	55
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	5
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	25
Frisian	0
High German languages	10
German	10
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	10
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	20
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	40
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,390
None	7,115
English	50
French	75
Non-official language	125
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	125
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,385
Official languages	7,380
English	7,380
French	835
Non-official languages	640
Indigenous languages³⁹	10
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	635
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	35
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	535
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	35
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	10
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	10
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10
Germanic languages	250
Frisian	0
High German languages	165
German	165
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85
Afrikaans	25
Dutch	65
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	25
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	10
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280
Catalan	0
Italian	40
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	230
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	40
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,385
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	475
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	465
First Nations (North American Indian)	215
Métis	245
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	6,905
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,385
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	120
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,260
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,145
Owner	2,670
Renter	480
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,145
Condominium	45
Not condominium	3,100
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,145
No bedrooms	20
1 bedroom	200
2 bedrooms	730
3 bedrooms	1,360
4 or more bedrooms	835
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,145
1 to 4 rooms	465
5 rooms	555
6 rooms	515
7 rooms	505
8 or more rooms	1,105
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,145
One person or fewer per room	3,135
More than one person per room	10
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,145
Suitable	3,070
Not suitable	75
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,145
1960 or before	375
1961 to 1980	1,080
1981 to 1990	580
1991 to 2000	520
2001 to 2005	115
2006 to 2010	155
2011 to 2015	140
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	180
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,145
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,935
Major repairs needed	210
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,145
One-maintainer household	1,405
Two-maintainer household	1,595
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,145
15 to 24 years	15
25 to 34 years	180
35 to 44 years	390
45 to 54 years	510
55 to 64 years	780
65 to 74 years	720
75 to 84 years	405
85 years and over	150
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,090
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,595
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	490
30% to less than 100%	420
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,145
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	715
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	435
Not suitable only	65
Major repairs needed only	140
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	60
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,435
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,010
In core need	125
Not in core need	2,890
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,620
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.3
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.0
% in core housing need⁶³	3.3
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	755
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,290
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	881,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	475
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.3
% in core housing need⁶³	8.0
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,120
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,208
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,380
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	200
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	195
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	130
Métis single ancestry	65
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	340
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	335
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	255
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,850
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,380
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,210
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,150
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,060
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	170
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,380
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,495
Immigrants⁸¹	860
Before 1980	465
1980 to 1990	125
1991 to 2000	90
2001 to 2010	120
2011 to 2021⁸²	55
2011 to 2015	25
2016 to 2021	35
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	860
Under 5 years	145
5 to 14 years	150
15 to 24 years	185
25 to 44 years	320
45 years and over	60
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	860
Americas	150
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	15
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	115
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	600
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	20
Germany	70
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	10
Netherlands	45
Poland	0
Portugal	10
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	320
Other places of birth in Europe	115
Africa	30
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	25
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	60
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	25
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35
Americas	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	15
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,385
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,015
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,470
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,900
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	400
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	245
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	130
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	140
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	400
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	260
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,385
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	240
South Asian	15
Chinese	60
Black	0
Filipino	55
Arab	0
Latin American	35
Southeast Asian	10
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	45
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,140
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,380
Canadian	1,005
English	2,505
Irish	1,525
Scottish	1,865
French, n.o.s.¹²²	765
German	1,065
Chinese	85
Italian	255
Indian (India)	0
Ukrainian	370
Dutch	330
Polish	250
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	495
Filipino	50
French Canadian	75
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	250
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	180
Métis	150
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	245
Russian	135
Norwegian	275
Welsh	245
Portuguese	90
American	165
Spanish	20
Swedish	235
Hungarian	85
Acadian	35
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	20
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	25
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75
Korean	0
Romanian	20
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	135
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75
Sikh	0
Austrian	115
Belgian	40
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	20
Mennonite	35
Swiss	55
Finnish	90
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	10
Japanese	65
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	50
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	85
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	40
Syrian	10
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	25
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	20
South African	20
Australian	45
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15
Bulgarian	20
Albertan	10
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	10
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	50
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	30
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	10
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,385
Buddhist	20
Christian	2,220
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	360
Anabaptist	10
Anglican	380
Baptist	130
Catholic	635
Christian Orthodox	25
Jehovah's Witness	25
Latter Day Saints	15
Lutheran	60
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65
Presbyterian	40
Reformed	15
United Church	275
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	195
Hindu	0
Jewish	20
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85
No religion and secular perspectives	5,015
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,345
Non-movers	6,560
Movers	785
Non-migrants	295
Migrants	490
Internal migrants	460
Intraprovincial migrants	360
Interprovincial migrants	100
External migrants	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,130
Non-movers	4,520
Movers	2,605
Non-migrants	260
Migrants	2,350
Internal migrants	2,250
Intraprovincial migrants	1,905
Interprovincial migrants	345
External migrants	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,460
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	935
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,520
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,715
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	355
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,360
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	770
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,000
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,690
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	740
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	240
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	505
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,440
Bachelor's degree	825
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95
Master's degree	365
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,715
No certificate, diploma or degree	250
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,370
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,420
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	425
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	130
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	950
Bachelor's degree	535
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60
Master's degree	260
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,770
Education	430
13. Education	430
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	120
Humanities	155
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20
23. English language and literature/letters	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15
54. History	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	330
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65
22. Legal professions and studies	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	50
45. Social sciences	130
Business, management and public administration	555
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	765
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	100
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	270
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	195
48. Precision production	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	70
Health and related fields	670
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	590
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	290
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15
43. Security and protective services	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	115
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,345
Education	225
13. Education	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85
Humanities	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30
22. Legal professions and studies	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	35
45. Social sciences	105
Business, management and public administration	405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	500
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	165
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110
48. Precision production	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	60
Health and related fields	440
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	380
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	150
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	55
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,370
Location of study inside Canada	2,145
Same as province or territory of residence	1,520
Different than province or territory of residence	625
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	225
Americas	85
United States of America	75
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	95
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	10
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	10
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	35
Australia	30
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,460
In the labour force	3,545
Employed	3,220
Unemployed	335
Not in the labour force	2,905
Participation rate	54.9
Employment rate	49.8
Unemployment rate	9.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,455
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,760
Worked	3,695
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,590
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,105
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,550
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,480
Employee	2,445
Permanent position	1,940
Temporary position	500
Fixed term (1 year or more)	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	395
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,035
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,550
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,480
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	435
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	250
3 Health occupations	345
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	400
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	200
6 Sales and service occupations	765
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	735
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	220
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	70
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,550
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75
All industries¹⁹¹	3,480
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	265
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35
22 Utilities	25
23 Construction	425
31-33 Manufacturing	130
41 Wholesale trade	35
44-45 Retail trade	395
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	155
51 Information and cultural industries	25
52 Finance and insurance	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	310
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	190
61 Educational services	260
62 Health care and social assistance	515
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95
72 Accommodation and food services	155
81 Other services (except public administration)	130
91 Public administration	190
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,980
English	3,895
French	20
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	45
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,980
Single responses	3,980
Official languages	3,970
English	3,940
French	20
Non-official languages	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	20
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,980
None	3,915
English	15
French	40
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,215
Worked at home	655
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	600
Usual place of work	1,950
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,950
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	250
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	300
Commute to a different province or territory	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,545
Car, truck or van	2,205
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,050
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	150
Public transit	45
Walked	120
Bicycle	75
Other method	105
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	1,130
15 to 29 minutes	960
30 to 44 minutes	210
45 to 59 minutes	95
60 minutes and over	160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	675
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	380
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	290
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,175
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,025
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	910
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	790

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 11, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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