Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Powell River, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,943	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,157	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,718	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,402	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	482.4	...	...	482.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.91	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,940	6,710	7,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,780	930	850	12.8	13.9	11.8
0 to 4 years	505	240	265	3.6	3.6	3.7
5 to 9 years	615	340	275	4.4	5.1	3.8
10 to 14 years	655	350	305	4.7	5.2	4.2
15 to 64 years	7,860	3,785	4,075	56.4	56.4	56.4
15 to 19 years	660	325	335	4.7	4.8	4.6
20 to 24 years	520	265	250	3.7	3.9	3.5
25 to 29 years	550	290	265	3.9	4.3	3.7
30 to 34 years	665	330	340	4.8	4.9	4.7
35 to 39 years	770	365	405	5.5	5.4	5.6
40 to 44 years	720	345	375	5.2	5.1	5.2
45 to 49 years	685	325	360	4.9	4.8	5.0
50 to 54 years	880	430	455	6.3	6.4	6.3
55 to 59 years	1,130	505	620	8.1	7.5	8.6
60 to 64 years	1,275	605	670	9.1	9.0	9.3
65 years and over	4,305	1,995	2,310	30.9	29.7	32.0
65 to 69 years	1,270	605	660	9.1	9.0	9.1
70 to 74 years	1,120	570	555	8.0	8.5	7.7
75 to 79 years	765	350	410	5.5	5.2	5.7
80 to 84 years	535	250	285	3.8	3.7	3.9
85 years and over	615	225	390	4.4	3.4	5.4
85 to 89 years	375	155	225	2.7	2.3	3.1
90 to 94 years	185	65	125	1.3	1.0	1.7
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.8	13.9	11.8	12.8	13.9	11.8
15 to 64 years	56.4	56.4	56.4	56.4	56.4	56.4
65 years and over	30.9	29.7	32.0	30.9	29.7	32.0
85 years and over	4.4	3.4	5.4	4.4	3.4	5.4
Average age of the population	49.0	47.8	50.0	49.0	47.8	50.0
Median age of the population	53.2	52.0	54.8	53.2	52.0	54.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,615	...	...	72.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	250	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	105	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	305	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	920	...	...	14.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	165	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,220	...	...	34.7	...	...
2 persons	2,525	...	...	39.5	...	...
3 persons	755	...	...	11.8	...	...
4 persons	585	...	...	9.1	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,635	6,585	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,165	5,785	6,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,095	3,535	3,560	58.3	61.1	55.8
Married	5,590	2,785	2,805	46.0	48.1	43.9
Living common-law	1,500	750	755	12.3	13.0	11.8
Living common law - Never married	960	490	470	7.9	8.5	7.4
Living common law - Separated	80	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	415	200	215	3.4	3.5	3.4
Living common law - Widowed	50	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	5,070	2,245	2,820	41.7	38.8	44.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,730	1,490	1,235	22.4	25.8	19.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	380	160	220	3.1	2.8	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	985	390	600	8.1	6.7	9.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	975	210	765	8.0	3.6	12.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,595	...	...	64.6	...	...
3 persons	690	...	...	17.2	...	...
4 persons	520	...	...	12.9	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,455	...	...	85.8	...	...
Married couples	2,705	...	...	67.2	...	...
With children⁶	960	...	...	23.9	...	...
Without children	1,745	...	...	43.4	...	...
Common-law couples	750	...	...	18.6	...	...
With children⁶	280	...	...	7.0	...	...
Without children	475	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	565	...	...	14.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	425	...	...	10.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	145	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,635	6,590	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,505	5,245	5,255	77.0	79.6	74.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,905	3,455	3,455	50.6	52.4	49.0
Parents in one-parent families	570	145	420	4.2	2.2	6.0
Children⁶	3,030	1,650	1,375	22.2	25.0	19.5
In a two-parent family	2,195	1,195	1,005	16.1	18.1	14.3
In a one-parent family	830	455	375	6.1	6.9	5.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,130	1,340	1,790	23.0	20.3	25.4
Living alone	2,220	915	1,300	16.3	13.9	18.5
Living with other relatives⁷	250	95	155	1.8	1.4	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	665	330	335	4.9	5.0	4.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,585	...	...	56.0	...	...
Couple-family households	3,145	...	...	49.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,110	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	2,040	...	...	31.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	435	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	215	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	240	...	...	3.7	...	...
One-person households	2,220	...	...	34.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,860	5,655	6,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,605	5,535	6,065	97.8	97.9	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,400	32,000	37,200	42,400	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,615	5,545	6,070	97.9	98.1	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,200	30,200	34,400	39,200	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,165	4,945	5,215	85.7	87.4	84.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	32,800	21,600	27,000	32,800	21,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,820	3,380	3,440	57.5	59.8	55.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	36,000	26,200	30,800	36,000	26,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,175	4,735	5,440	85.8	83.7	87.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,100	15,000	13,400	14,100	15,000	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,110	590	520	9.4	10.4	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	6,000	5,400	5,640	6,000	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,555	1,230	1,325	21.5	21.8	21.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	9,000	8,000	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,890	5,680	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,600	5,565	6,040	97.6	98.0	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	52,400	38,560	45,200	52,400	38,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,630	5,580	6,045	97.8	98.2	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,520	44,960	34,480	39,520	44,960	34,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,120	4,965	5,155	85.1	87.4	83.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,240	45,840	30,880	38,240	45,840	30,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,900	3,470	3,430	58.0	61.1	55.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,160	33,520	40,400	47,160	33,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,175	4,770	5,400	85.6	84.0	87.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,520	13,400	13,620	13,520	13,400	13,620
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,180	615	560	9.9	10.8	9.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,740	7,480	5,940	6,740	7,480	5,940
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,615	1,320	1,295	22.0	23.2	20.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,130	8,820	9,450	9,130	8,820	9,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,895	5,685	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,575	1,375	1,200	21.6	24.2	19.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	66,500	54,400	59,200	66,500	54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	74,000	56,800	66,000	74,000	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,295	1,585	1,710	27.7	27.9	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	22,000	17,600	19,200	22,000	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,760	32,360	23,540	27,760	32,360	23,540
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.8	78.0	68.4	73.8	78.0	68.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	53.2	56.2	49.4	53.2	56.2	49.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.3	21.9	31.6	26.3	21.9	31.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	5.0	7.1	6.0	5.0	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.0	5.3	4.6	4.0	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,860	5,660	6,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	255	120	135	2.2	2.1	2.2
With total income	11,600	5,540	6,065	97.8	97.9	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	905	340	565	7.8	6.1	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,535	565	970	13.2	10.2	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,070	795	1,275	17.8	14.4	21.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,860	870	990	16.0	15.7	16.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,510	765	740	13.0	13.8	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	590	525	9.6	10.6	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	775	425	350	6.7	7.7	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	490	295	190	4.2	5.3	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	370	235	140	3.2	4.2	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	270	160	105	2.3	2.9	1.7
$100,000 and over	715	500	220	6.2	9.0	3.6
$100,000 to $149,999	510	345	160	4.4	6.2	2.6
$150,000 and over	205	150	55	1.8	2.7	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,860	5,660	6,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	245	110	135	2.1	1.9	2.2
With after-tax income	11,615	5,545	6,065	97.9	98.0	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	950	355	590	8.2	6.4	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,580	575	1,010	13.6	10.4	16.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,325	905	1,420	20.0	16.3	23.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,100	1,000	1,095	18.1	18.0	18.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,690	910	775	14.6	16.4	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,055	565	490	9.1	10.2	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	660	395	260	5.7	7.1	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	420	260	160	3.6	4.7	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	295	190	110	2.5	3.4	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	180	115	65	1.5	2.1	1.1
$100,000 and over	365	265	95	3.1	4.8	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	205	155	55	1.8	2.8	0.9
$125,000 and over	155	115	45	1.3	2.1	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,860	5,660	6,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,040	2,280	2,765	42.5	40.3	44.6
With employment income	6,820	3,380	3,440	57.5	59.7	55.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,160	520	640	17.0	15.4	18.6
$5,000 to $9,999	555	235	320	8.1	7.0	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	875	370	505	12.8	10.9	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	750	350	405	11.0	10.4	11.8
$30,000 to $39,999	745	325	425	10.9	9.6	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	600	300	305	8.8	8.9	8.9
$50,000 to $59,999	520	250	275	7.6	7.4	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	425	250	170	6.2	7.4	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	290	180	105	4.3	5.3	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	220	140	80	3.2	4.1	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	170	100	70	2.5	3.0	2.0
$100,000 and over	500	365	140	7.3	10.8	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	265	175	95	3.9	5.2	2.8
$125,000 and over	240	185	50	3.5	5.5	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,860	5,655	6,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,385	5,440	5,950	96.0	96.2	96.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,800	28,600	34,800	42,800	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,420	5,445	5,975	96.3	96.3	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,400	26,600	31,800	38,400	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,170	4,940	5,230	85.8	87.4	84.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600	35,600	23,000	28,600	35,600	23,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,910	4,055	3,855	66.7	71.7	62.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,600	30,800	23,600	26,600	30,800	23,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,690	3,845	4,845	73.3	68.0	78.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,100	13,600	10,900	12,100	13,600	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	895	455	445	7.5	8.0	7.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,040	4,400	5,400	5,040	4,400	5,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,890	5,680	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,400	5,465	5,935	95.9	96.2	95.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	51,500	35,560	43,200	51,500	35,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,430	5,470	5,960	96.1	96.3	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,320	43,800	31,360	37,320	43,800	31,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,150	4,975	5,175	85.4	87.6	83.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,040	47,760	30,680	39,040	47,760	30,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,970	4,100	3,870	67.0	72.2	62.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,640	30,400	37,200	43,640	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,580	3,760	4,815	72.2	66.2	77.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,190	11,670	10,820	11,190	11,670	10,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	900	455	445	7.6	8.0	7.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,270	5,620	6,920	6,270	5,620	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,895	5,685	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,560	1,370	1,190	21.5	24.1	19.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	64,000	48,800	55,200	64,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,950	70,600	52,000	61,950	70,600	52,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,155	1,520	1,630	26.5	26.7	26.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	31,600	22,200	25,200	31,600	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,880	42,920	27,400	34,880	42,920	27,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	84.4	75.4	80.6	84.4	75.4
Employment income (%)	60.2	63.6	55.8	60.2	63.6	55.8
Government transfers (%)	19.5	15.6	24.7	19.5	15.6	24.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.5	1.1	0.9	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,400	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,220	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,100	...	...	82,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,120	...	...	44,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,040	...	...	39,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,800	...	...	101,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	395	...	...	6.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	275	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	325	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	590	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	540	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	495	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	440	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	370	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,730	...	...	27.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	630	...	...	9.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	400	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	415	...	...	6.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	280	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	405	...	...	6.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	320	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	390	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	350	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	640	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	630	...	...	9.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	505	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	445	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	360	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,340	...	...	20.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	590	...	...	9.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	345	...	...	5.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	405	...	...	6.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,990	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,100	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,885	1,245	1,635	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	36,800	31,800	34,000	36,800	31,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	34,400	30,200	32,000	34,400	30,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,700	...	...	100,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,200	...	...	114,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,875	1,265	1,615	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,160	47,900	35,920	41,160	47,900	35,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,760	41,600	32,960	36,760	41,600	32,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,175	1,120	1,055	16.0	17.0	15.0
0 to 5 years	620	305	310	4.5	4.6	4.4
18 to 64 years	7,405	3,560	3,845	54.3	54.1	54.5
65 years and over	4,060	1,910	2,150	29.8	29.0	30.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,720	720	1,000	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	295	145	150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	35	60	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	810	370	445	...	...	...
65 years and over	620	210	405	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.6	10.9	14.2	12.6	10.9	14.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.6	12.6	14.6	13.6	12.6	14.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	12.0	18.5	15.6	12.0	18.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	10.3	11.5	10.9	10.3	11.5
65 years and over (%)	15.2	11.0	18.9	15.2	11.0	18.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,640	6,590	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,175	1,120	1,055	15.9	17.0	15.0
0 to 5 years	615	310	310	4.5	4.7	4.4
18 to 64 years	7,400	3,555	3,845	54.3	53.9	54.5
65 years and over	4,065	1,915	2,150	29.8	29.1	30.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	355	175	185	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	35	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	235	115	120	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	25	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.2	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	x	x	1.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,120	3,770	4,350	59.6	57.3	61.7
In bottom decile	1,540	655	885	11.3	9.9	12.6
In second decile	1,620	730	885	11.9	11.1	12.6
In third decile	1,810	850	960	13.3	12.9	13.6
In fourth decile	1,655	820	830	12.1	12.5	11.8
In fifth decile	1,505	715	785	11.0	10.9	11.1
In top half of the distribution	5,520	2,815	2,700	40.5	42.7	38.3
In sixth decile	1,355	680	670	9.9	10.3	9.5
In seventh decile	1,245	635	610	9.1	9.6	8.7
In eighth decile	1,135	580	555	8.3	8.8	7.9
In ninth decile	1,050	540	510	7.7	8.2	7.2
In top decile	735	380	350	5.4	5.8	5.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,640	...	...	13,640	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.448	...	...	0.448	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.266	...	...	0.266	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,740	6,635	7,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	12,740	6,190	6,560	92.7	93.3	92.3
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	955	430	525	7.0	6.5	7.4
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,740	6,635	7,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,425	6,490	6,935	97.7	97.8	97.6
French	270	120	150	2.0	1.8	2.1
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,740	6,635	7,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,525	6,540	6,990	98.4	98.6	98.4
Official languages	12,345	6,050	6,295	89.8	91.2	88.6
English	12,055	5,925	6,135	87.7	89.3	86.3
French	290	125	165	2.1	1.9	2.3
Non-official languages	1,180	485	695	8.6	7.3	9.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,175	485	690	8.6	7.3	9.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	815	350	465	5.9	5.3	6.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	35	55	0.7	0.5	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	35	55	0.7	0.5	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	340	145	195	2.5	2.2	2.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	70	90	1.2	1.1	1.3
German	150	65	85	1.1	1.0	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	145	65	80	1.1	1.0	1.1
Afrikaans	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	120	45	70	0.9	0.7	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	120	175	2.1	1.8	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	205	85	115	1.5	1.3	1.6
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	75	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	5	25	0.2	0.1	0.4
Korean	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Chinese languages	100	40	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Thai	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	215	95	120	1.6	1.4	1.7
English and French	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	150	65	80	1.1	1.0	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,740	6,635	7,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,645	6,145	6,505	92.0	92.6	91.6
French	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	165	70	95	1.2	1.1	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	70	95	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	140	70	70	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	700	305	400	5.1	4.6	5.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,740	6,635	7,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,595	6,575	7,020	98.9	99.1	98.8
Official languages	13,250	6,420	6,825	96.4	96.8	96.1
English	13,175	6,385	6,790	95.9	96.2	95.6
French	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official languages	350	155	190	2.5	2.3	2.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	350	155	190	2.5	2.3	2.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	185	85	105	1.3	1.3	1.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
German	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese languages	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	145	60	85	1.1	0.9	1.2
English and French	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	120	50	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,740	6,635	7,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,975	6,280	6,690	94.4	94.6	94.2
English	190	85	105	1.4	1.3	1.5
French	95	50	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-official language	410	180	235	3.0	2.7	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	410	175	235	3.0	2.6	3.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	13,565	6,565	6,995	99.5	99.7	99.2
English	13,560	6,565	6,995	99.4	99.7	99.2
French	995	400	595	7.3	6.1	8.4
Non-official languages	1,585	610	970	11.6	9.3	13.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,540	595	940	11.3	9.0	13.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maltese	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	80	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,065	420	650	7.8	6.4	9.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	45	75	0.8	0.7	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	45	75	0.8	0.7	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Russian	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	350	135	215	2.6	2.1	3.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	225	85	135	1.7	1.3	1.9
German	225	85	135	1.7	1.3	1.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	110	45	70	0.8	0.7	1.0
Afrikaans	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dutch	85	25	60	0.6	0.4	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	25	55	0.6	0.4	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	75	25	50	0.6	0.4	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	55	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	540	225	320	4.0	3.4	4.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	200	85	115	1.5	1.3	1.6
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	350	150	200	2.6	2.3	2.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Korean	80	15	65	0.6	0.2	0.9
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
American Sign Language	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.6
Chinese languages	90	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	35	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	835	350	485	6.1	5.3	6.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	810	340	475	5.9	5.2	6.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	440	195	245	3.2	3.0	3.5
Métis	365	140	225	2.7	2.1	3.2
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	12,800	6,235	6,565	93.9	94.7	93.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	340	145	200	2.5	2.2	2.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,295	6,445	6,855	97.5	97.9	97.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,820	...	...	75.5	...	...
Renter	1,570	...	...	24.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	495	...	...	7.8	...	...
Not condominium	5,890	...	...	92.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	720	...	...	11.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,825	...	...	28.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,065	...	...	32.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,735	...	...	27.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,650	...	...	25.8	...	...
5 rooms	995	...	...	15.6	...	...
6 rooms	890	...	...	13.9	...	...
7 rooms	825	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,030	...	...	31.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,325	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,220	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	170	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,340	...	...	36.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,905	...	...	29.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	540	...	...	8.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	775	...	...	12.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	180	...	...	2.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	250	...	...	3.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	115	...	...	1.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	275	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,890	...	...	92.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	495	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,295	...	...	51.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,875	...	...	45.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	130	...	...	2.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	565	...	...	8.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	780	...	...	12.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	825	...	...	12.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,490	...	...	23.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,360	...	...	21.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	925	...	...	14.5	...	...
85 years and over	310	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,360	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,100	...	...	80.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,265	...	...	19.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,165	...	...	18.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,765	...	...	27.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,120	...	...	17.5	...	...
Not suitable only	140	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	340	...	...	5.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	2.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,625	...	...	72.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	645	...	...	10.3	...	...
Not in core need	5,615	...	...	89.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,795	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.0	...	...	51.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	452,000	...	...	452,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	502,800	...	...	502,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,565	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.4	...	...	14.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.7	...	...	38.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.2	...	...	26.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,074	...	...	1,074	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,635	6,590	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	240	105	135	1.8	1.6	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	240	105	135	1.8	1.6	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	175	90	90	1.3	1.4	1.3
Métis single ancestry	55	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	740	345	400	5.4	5.2	5.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	735	345	395	5.4	5.2	5.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	515	235	280	3.8	3.6	4.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	110	110	1.6	1.7	1.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,660	6,145	6,515	92.8	93.2	92.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,640	6,590	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,150	6,375	6,775	96.4	96.7	96.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,095	1,065	1,030	15.4	16.2	14.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,050	5,305	5,745	81.0	80.5	81.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	485	215	270	3.6	3.3	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,640	6,590	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,810	5,830	5,980	86.6	88.5	84.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,745	720	1,025	12.8	10.9	14.5
Before 1980	920	405	515	6.7	6.1	7.3
1980 to 1990	235	90	140	1.7	1.4	2.0
1991 to 2000	125	35	90	0.9	0.5	1.3
2001 to 2010	130	30	100	1.0	0.5	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	335	155	180	2.5	2.4	2.6
2011 to 2015	130	70	65	1.0	1.1	0.9
2016 to 2021	200	90	115	1.5	1.4	1.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	85	40	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,750	720	1,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	225	110	115	12.9	15.3	11.2
5 to 14 years	345	150	190	19.7	20.8	18.5
15 to 24 years	450	140	310	25.7	19.4	30.2
25 to 44 years	585	265	320	33.4	36.8	31.2
45 years and over	145	55	90	8.3	7.6	8.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,750	720	1,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	265	95	165	15.1	13.2	16.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	10	10	0.9	1.4	1.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	10	25	1.7	1.4	2.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	180	55	120	10.3	7.6	11.7
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	10	1.4	2.8	1.0
Europe	1,055	460	595	60.3	63.9	58.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	30	10	20	1.7	1.4	2.0
Germany	110	35	75	6.3	4.9	7.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	30	10	20	1.7	1.4	2.0
Italy	120	55	65	6.9	7.6	6.3
Netherlands	80	35	45	4.6	4.9	4.4
Poland	25	10	15	1.4	1.4	1.5
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	520	245	270	29.7	34.0	26.3
Other places of birth in Europe	105	45	60	6.0	6.3	5.9
Africa	65	35	25	3.7	4.9	2.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.6	1.4	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0.9	1.4	1.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	15	1.4	2.1	1.5
Asia	315	120	200	18.0	16.7	19.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	55	35	25	3.1	4.9	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.0
Korea, South⁹²	45	0	35	2.6	0.0	3.4
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
Philippines	75	20	55	4.3	2.8	5.4
Viet Nam	20	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	25	2.9	2.8	2.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	25	30	2.9	3.5	2.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	50	10	35	2.9	1.4	3.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	200	85	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	25	30	27.5	29.4	26.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	15	20	17.5	17.6	17.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	15	25	17.5	17.6	21.7
France	15	0	0	7.5	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	5.0	0.0	8.7
Africa	15	10	15	7.5	11.8	13.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	7.5	0.0	8.7
Asia	90	45	50	45.0	52.9	43.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	30	15	20.0	35.3	13.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	10	20	12.5	11.8	17.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,970	840	1,130	14.4	12.8	16.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,870	1,410	1,460	21.0	21.4	20.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,800	4,345	4,455	64.5	66.0	63.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	825	310	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	455	190	265	55.2	61.3	52.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	180	100	80	21.8	32.3	15.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	275	90	185	33.3	29.0	36.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	315	95	220	38.2	30.6	43.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	30	25	7.3	9.7	4.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	825	310	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	170	65	100	20.6	21.0	19.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	30	25	5.5	9.7	4.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	10	30	5.5	3.2	5.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	550	205	340	66.7	66.1	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	830	355	475	6.1	5.4	6.7
South Asian	150	70	80	1.1	1.1	1.1
Chinese	170	90	85	1.2	1.4	1.2
Black	75	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Filipino	105	40	65	0.8	0.6	0.9
Arab	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	95	40	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Southeast Asian	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	70	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Japanese	70	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,805	6,230	6,575	93.9	94.6	93.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,640	6,590	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,650	905	745	12.1	13.7	10.6
English	4,480	2,175	2,305	32.8	33.0	32.7
Irish	2,695	1,265	1,430	19.8	19.2	20.3
Scottish	3,505	1,665	1,845	25.7	25.3	26.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,570	725	835	11.5	11.0	11.8
German	1,925	885	1,035	14.1	13.4	14.7
Chinese	200	105	95	1.5	1.6	1.3
Italian	960	535	420	7.0	8.1	6.0
Indian (India)	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ukrainian	705	330	380	5.2	5.0	5.4
Dutch	640	305	335	4.7	4.6	4.8
Polish	435	185	250	3.2	2.8	3.5
Québécois	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	795	400	395	5.8	6.1	5.6
Filipino	100	35	65	0.7	0.5	0.9
French Canadian	150	65	85	1.1	1.0	1.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	355	165	190	2.6	2.5	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	335	145	190	2.5	2.2	2.7
Métis	275	120	160	2.0	1.8	2.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	315	130	180	2.3	2.0	2.6
Russian	280	145	140	2.1	2.2	2.0
Norwegian	500	260	240	3.7	3.9	3.4
Welsh	575	255	315	4.2	3.9	4.5
Portuguese	35	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
American	175	95	80	1.3	1.4	1.1
Spanish	75	40	40	0.5	0.6	0.6
Swedish	535	225	310	3.9	3.4	4.4
Hungarian	165	70	100	1.2	1.1	1.4
Acadian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jewish	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	80	20	60	0.6	0.3	0.9
Romanian	100	25	70	0.7	0.4	1.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	245	125	120	1.8	1.9	1.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Sikh	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austrian	105	60	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Belgian	60	30	35	0.4	0.5	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mexican	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
Mennonite	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swiss	90	50	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Finnish	145	65	80	1.1	1.0	1.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Japanese	70	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	210	85	120	1.5	1.3	1.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	70	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Colombian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	20	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Newfoundlander	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
South African	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Australian	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	115	50	65	0.8	0.8	0.9
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
British Columbian	100	50	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,635	6,585	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Christian	4,855	2,160	2,695	35.6	32.8	38.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	970	465	510	7.1	7.1	7.2
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	555	280	275	4.1	4.3	3.9
Baptist	270	105	165	2.0	1.6	2.3
Catholic	1,730	815	920	12.7	12.4	13.0
Christian Orthodox	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	140	50	90	1.0	0.8	1.3
Latter Day Saints	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Lutheran	110	40	70	0.8	0.6	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	170	75	90	1.2	1.1	1.3
Presbyterian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Reformed	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Church	510	195	315	3.7	3.0	4.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	245	90	155	1.8	1.4	2.2
Hindu	60	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jewish	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Muslim	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sikh	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	155	55	100	1.1	0.8	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	8,405	4,290	4,120	61.6	65.1	58.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,550	6,545	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,860	5,790	6,065	87.5	88.5	86.5
Movers	1,690	755	945	12.5	11.5	13.5
Non-migrants	910	395	515	6.7	6.0	7.3
Migrants	785	360	425	5.8	5.5	6.1
Internal migrants	760	340	415	5.6	5.2	5.9
Intraprovincial migrants	630	265	365	4.6	4.0	5.2
Interprovincial migrants	135	75	50	1.0	1.1	0.7
External migrants	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,155	6,355	6,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,940	3,885	4,055	60.4	61.1	59.6
Movers	5,210	2,465	2,745	39.6	38.8	40.4
Non-migrants	2,115	960	1,155	16.1	15.1	17.0
Migrants	3,100	1,510	1,590	23.6	23.8	23.4
Internal migrants	2,895	1,430	1,470	22.0	22.5	21.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,500	1,230	1,280	19.0	19.4	18.8
Interprovincial migrants	395	205	190	3.0	3.2	2.8
External migrants	200	75	125	1.5	1.2	1.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,890	5,685	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,355	1,270	1,085	19.8	22.3	17.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,535	4,410	5,125	80.2	77.6	82.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,740	3,235	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	920	530	390	13.6	16.4	11.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,825	2,700	3,120	86.4	83.5	88.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,890	5,680	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,010	1,040	970	16.9	18.3	15.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,655	1,650	2,010	30.7	29.0	32.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,225	2,990	3,235	52.4	52.6	52.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,350	2,200	2,145	36.6	38.7	34.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,505	1,115	390	12.7	19.6	6.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	555	305	250	4.7	5.4	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	950	810	145	8.0	14.3	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,395	955	1,440	20.1	16.8	23.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	130	320	3.7	2.3	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,875	790	1,080	15.8	13.9	17.4
Bachelor's degree	1,155	465	690	9.7	8.2	11.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	75	85	1.3	1.3	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	45	30	0.6	0.8	0.5
Master's degree	395	175	215	3.3	3.1	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,745	3,235	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	725	405	315	10.7	12.5	9.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,960	935	1,025	29.1	28.9	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,065	1,895	2,170	60.3	58.6	61.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,815	1,385	1,425	41.7	42.8	40.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	975	720	255	14.5	22.3	7.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	360	195	170	5.3	6.0	4.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	620	530	90	9.2	16.4	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,545	595	955	22.9	18.4	27.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	70	220	4.3	2.2	6.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,245	505	740	18.5	15.6	21.1
Bachelor's degree	805	320	480	11.9	9.9	13.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	45	35	1.3	1.4	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
Master's degree	255	90	160	3.8	2.8	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	20	30	0.8	0.6	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,890	5,680	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,670	2,690	2,980	47.7	47.4	48.0
Education	485	140	350	4.1	2.5	5.6
13. Education	485	140	350	4.1	2.5	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	260	140	120	2.2	2.5	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	230	115	115	1.9	2.0	1.9
Humanities	315	100	210	2.6	1.8	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	100	15	85	0.8	0.3	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
54. History	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	570	200	365	4.8	3.5	5.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	110	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	120	40	80	1.0	0.7	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	105	30	75	0.9	0.5	1.2
45. Social sciences	170	90	80	1.4	1.6	1.3
Business, management and public administration	885	245	645	7.4	4.3	10.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	15	85	0.9	0.3	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	785	225	560	6.6	4.0	9.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	85	75	1.3	1.5	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	55	30	0.7	1.0	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	65	1.3	1.7	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	65	35	0.8	1.1	0.6
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,440	1,355	90	12.1	23.9	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	95	85	15	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	235	20	2.1	4.1	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	480	470	0	4.0	8.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	400	370	30	3.4	6.5	0.5
48. Precision production	200	180	20	1.7	3.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	155	70	1.9	2.7	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	90	10	0.8	1.6	0.2
Health and related fields	1,165	205	955	9.8	3.6	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,095	165	925	9.2	2.9	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	565	285	280	4.8	5.0	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	375	105	265	3.2	1.8	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	70	65	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	110	15	1.0	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,745	3,235	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,680	1,340	1,340	39.7	41.4	38.2
Education	220	50	170	3.3	1.5	4.8
13. Education	220	50	170	3.3	1.5	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	95	60	2.3	2.9	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	80	60	2.1	2.5	1.7
Humanities	215	65	150	3.2	2.0	4.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	75	10	70	1.1	0.3	2.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	30	40	1.0	0.9	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
54. History	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	370	115	260	5.5	3.6	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	80	1.2	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	90	20	75	1.3	0.6	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	10	40	0.8	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	105	60	50	1.6	1.9	1.4
Business, management and public administration	575	160	415	8.5	4.9	11.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	60	1.0	0.3	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	510	150	355	7.6	4.6	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	60	50	1.6	1.9	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	40	20	1.0	1.2	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	55	40	1.3	1.7	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	45	30	1.1	1.4	0.9
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	920	845	65	13.6	26.1	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	75	60	10	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	130	15	2.0	4.0	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	315	310	0	4.7	9.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	225	15	3.6	7.0	0.4
48. Precision production	130	115	15	1.9	3.6	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	95	50	2.1	2.9	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	40	45	1.3	1.2	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	55	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Health and related fields	825	150	675	12.2	4.6	19.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	770	125	650	11.4	3.9	18.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	210	235	6.5	6.5	6.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	285	70	215	4.2	2.2	6.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	55	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	85	15	1.4	2.6	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,745	3,235	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,680	1,340	1,340	39.7	41.4	38.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,060	1,895	2,170	60.2	58.6	61.8
Location of study inside Canada	3,645	1,715	1,930	54.0	53.0	55.0
Same as province or territory of residence	3,035	1,425	1,610	45.0	44.0	45.9
Different than province or territory of residence	610	290	320	9.0	9.0	9.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	420	180	240	6.2	5.6	6.8
Americas	155	75	70	2.3	2.3	2.0
United States of America	120	65	55	1.8	2.0	1.6
Mexico	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Europe	140	50	85	2.1	1.5	2.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	75	30	45	1.1	0.9	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	100	30	70	1.5	0.9	2.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Philippines	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,890	5,680	6,210	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,075	3,025	3,045	...	...	...
Employed	5,610	2,800	2,810	...	...	...
Unemployed	465	225	240	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,815	2,655	3,160	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.1	53.3	49.0	51.1	53.3	49.0
Employment rate	47.2	49.3	45.2	47.2	49.3	45.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	7.9	7.7	7.4	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,890	5,680	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,760	2,585	3,175	48.4	45.5	51.1
Worked	6,135	3,095	3,035	51.6	54.5	48.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,635	1,415	1,225	22.2	24.9	19.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,500	1,685	1,810	29.4	29.7	29.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.1	38.4	39.8	39.1	38.4	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,070	3,030	3,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	45	40	1.4	1.5	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,990	2,985	3,005	98.7	98.5	98.7
Employee	4,885	2,300	2,585	80.5	75.9	84.9
Permanent position	4,030	1,980	2,055	66.4	65.3	67.5
Temporary position	855	320	530	14.1	10.6	17.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	185	80	110	3.0	2.6	3.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	665	245	425	11.0	8.1	14.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,105	680	420	18.2	22.4	13.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,070	3,030	3,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	45	40	1.4	1.5	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,990	2,985	3,005	98.7	98.5	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	25	15	0.7	0.8	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	755	135	620	12.4	4.5	20.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	240	200	40	4.0	6.6	1.3
3 Health occupations	655	150	505	10.8	5.0	16.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	770	225	555	12.7	7.4	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	260	115	145	4.3	3.8	4.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,610	650	965	26.5	21.5	31.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,195	1,105	90	19.7	36.5	3.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	225	180	40	3.7	5.9	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	230	200	35	3.8	6.6	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,070	3,030	3,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	45	40	1.4	1.5	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	5,990	2,985	3,005	98.7	98.5	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	195	35	3.8	6.4	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	35	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
22 Utilities	45	35	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
23 Construction	560	515	45	9.2	17.0	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	335	275	55	5.5	9.1	1.8
41 Wholesale trade	80	60	20	1.3	2.0	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	885	415	470	14.6	13.7	15.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	280	205	75	4.6	6.8	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	80	50	35	1.3	1.7	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	140	15	130	2.3	0.5	4.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	50	65	1.9	1.7	2.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	315	170	145	5.2	5.6	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	130	70	3.3	4.3	2.3
61 Educational services	335	95	245	5.5	3.1	8.0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,125	225	905	18.5	7.4	29.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	190	75	110	3.1	2.5	3.6
72 Accommodation and food services	465	165	300	7.7	5.4	9.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	270	130	140	4.4	4.3	4.6
91 Public administration	280	140	145	4.6	4.6	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,780	3,400	3,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,615	3,340	3,280	97.6	98.2	97.0
French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and French	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	70	20	55	1.0	0.6	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,780	3,400	3,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,750	3,385	3,365	99.6	99.6	99.6
Official languages	6,735	3,380	3,350	99.3	99.4	99.1
English	6,705	3,370	3,335	98.9	99.1	98.7
French	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,780	3,400	3,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,670	3,360	3,310	98.4	98.8	97.9
English	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
French	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Non-official language	50	0	45	0.7	0.0	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-Indigenous	40	0	30	0.6	0.0	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,610	2,800	2,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	670	295	375	11.9	10.5	13.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,040	790	250	18.5	28.2	8.9
Usual place of work	3,890	1,715	2,180	69.3	61.3	77.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,890	1,715	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,435	1,435	2,000	88.3	83.7	91.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	220	115	100	5.7	6.7	4.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	230	155	75	5.9	9.0	3.4
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,930	2,505	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,295	2,200	2,090	87.1	87.8	86.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,945	2,040	1,905	80.0	81.4	78.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	355	160	185	7.2	6.4	7.6
Public transit	100	50	50	2.0	2.0	2.1
Walked	335	140	190	6.8	5.6	7.8
Bicycle	105	50	55	2.1	2.0	2.3
Other method	100	60	40	2.0	2.4	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,930	2,505	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,535	1,625	1,915	71.7	64.9	78.8
15 to 29 minutes	880	490	395	17.8	19.6	16.3
30 to 44 minutes	280	200	80	5.7	8.0	3.3
45 to 59 minutes	80	65	15	1.6	2.6	0.6
60 minutes and over	150	130	30	3.0	5.2	1.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,930	2,505	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	315	230	90	6.4	9.2	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	750	465	290	15.2	18.6	11.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,020	560	450	20.7	22.4	18.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,400	600	800	28.4	24.0	32.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	795	355	440	16.1	14.2	18.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	655	300	360	13.3	12.0	14.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,220	1,140	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	250	135	120	11.3	11.8	11.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,970	1,010	960	88.7	88.6	89.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,670	880	790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	200	110	90	12.0	12.5	11.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	75	65	8.1	8.5	8.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	40	25	3.9	4.5	3.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,470	770	700	88.0	87.5	88.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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