Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Gibsons, Town (T)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,758	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,605	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,482	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,282	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,103.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.31	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,760	2,105	2,655
0 to 14 years	510	260	245
0 to 4 years	150	75	70
5 to 9 years	180	100	80
10 to 14 years	175	85	95
15 to 64 years	2,605	1,170	1,435
15 to 19 years	180	85	95
20 to 24 years	150	85	65
25 to 29 years	170	90	80
30 to 34 years	265	120	145
35 to 39 years	275	125	150
40 to 44 years	275	130	145
45 to 49 years	215	105	110
50 to 54 years	280	120	160
55 to 59 years	360	150	210
60 to 64 years	445	170	275
65 years and over	1,640	670	970
65 to 69 years	425	185	235
70 to 74 years	415	170	250
75 to 79 years	380	170	210
80 to 84 years	200	65	130
85 years and over	225	80	145
85 to 89 years	130	55	75
90 to 94 years	70	20	50
95 to 99 years	25	10	20
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.7	12.4	9.2
15 to 64 years	54.7	55.6	54.0
65 years and over	34.5	31.8	36.5
85 years and over	4.7	3.8	5.5
Average age of the population	51.2	48.9	53.0
Median age of the population	56.0	52.4	58.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,285	...	...
Single-detached house	1,270	...	...
Semi-detached house	155	...	...
Row house	285	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,280	...	...
1 person	885	...	...
2 persons	895	...	...
3 persons	250	...	...
4 persons	185	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,570	2,030	2,545
Average household size	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,250	1,845	2,405
Married or living common-law	2,310	1,130	1,180
Married	1,765	870	895
Living common-law	545	265	280
Living common law - Never married	345	170	175
Living common law - Separated	35	15	20
Living common law - Divorced	150	70	75
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	15
Not married and not living common-law	1,940	715	1,230
Not married and not living common law - Never married	905	445	465
Not married and not living common law - Separated	140	45	95
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	490	155	330
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	405	70	335
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,330	...	...
2 persons	905	...	...
3 persons	235	...	...
4 persons	150	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,330	...	...
Total couple families	1,105	...	...
Married couples	830	...	...
With children⁶	275	...	...
Without children	555	...	...
Common-law couples	270	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...
Without children	200	...	...
Total one-parent families	230	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	190	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	35	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,570	2,030	2,545
Total - Persons in census families	3,315	1,595	1,725
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,205	1,085	1,120
Parents in one-parent families	225	35	190
Children⁶	880	470	415
In a two-parent family	555	295	260
In a one-parent family	325	175	150
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,255	440	820
Living alone	885	270	610
Living with other relatives⁷	70	20	50
Living with non-relatives only	305	145	160
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,280	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,180	...	...
Couple-family households	990	...	...
With children⁶	300	...	...
Without children	690	...	...
One-parent-family households	190	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...
One-person households	885	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,065	1,770	2,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,990	1,730	2,260
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	46,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,995	1,730	2,260
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	41,600	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,610	1,585	2,030
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	38,000	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,495	1,130	1,365
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	39,200	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,415	1,415	2,005
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,400	14,100	14,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	105	175
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,600	5,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	375	560
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,020	1,750	2,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,955	1,720	2,235
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,050	60,850	45,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,955	1,720	2,235
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,200	50,480	39,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,575	1,555	2,015
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,320	55,800	37,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,480	1,100	1,385
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	56,300	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,335	1,390	1,945
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,120	12,760	13,380
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	270	110	160
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	7,900	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	850	345	505
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,360	9,160	9,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,020	1,750	2,270
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	885	465	420
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	73,500	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,600	79,600	68,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,240	485	760
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	19,000	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	36,000	22,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.6	83.0	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.5	59.0	49.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.3	17.0	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.8	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.8	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.0	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,065	1,770	2,295
Without total income	70	35	35
With total income	3,995	1,735	2,260
Under $10,000 (including loss)	295	110	190
$10,000 to $19,999	415	165	255
$20,000 to $29,999	705	260	445
$30,000 to $39,999	575	225	355
$40,000 to $49,999	475	185	290
$50,000 to $59,999	400	170	230
$60,000 to $69,999	280	135	145
$70,000 to $79,999	215	115	100
$80,000 to $89,999	150	75	70
$90,000 to $99,999	120	60	60
$100,000 and over	370	240	125
$100,000 to $149,999	275	175	95
$150,000 and over	95	60	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,065	1,770	2,295
Without after-tax income	70	35	35
With after-tax income	3,995	1,735	2,260
Under $10,000 (including loss)	320	110	205
$10,000 to $19,999	440	170	265
$20,000 to $29,999	785	290	495
$30,000 to $39,999	665	255	415
$40,000 to $49,999	530	230	295
$50,000 to $59,999	405	190	220
$60,000 to $69,999	265	130	140
$70,000 to $79,999	185	105	85
$80,000 to $89,999	135	75	60
$90,000 to $99,999	95	65	25
$100,000 and over	175	120	60
$100,000 to $124,999	110	80	35
$125,000 and over	65	40	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,065	1,770	2,295
Without employment income	1,575	640	930
With employment income	2,495	1,130	1,365
Under $5,000 (including loss)	480	185	295
$5,000 to $9,999	215	85	135
$10,000 to $19,999	300	120	175
$20,000 to $29,999	225	95	135
$30,000 to $39,999	225	85	140
$40,000 to $49,999	180	75	100
$50,000 to $59,999	185	80	100
$60,000 to $69,999	165	70	90
$70,000 to $79,999	105	65	40
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	40
$90,000 to $99,999	80	45	35
$100,000 and over	240	160	80
$100,000 to $124,999	130	80	50
$125,000 and over	110	85	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,065	1,770	2,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,925	1,710	2,215
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,930	1,710	2,220
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	39,200	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,600	1,580	2,020
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,200	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,695	1,230	1,455
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	36,400	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,895	1,140	1,755
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,700	11,900	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	220	80	135
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	4,520	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,020	1,750	2,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,900	1,720	2,185
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,480	55,650	42,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,910	1,720	2,190
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,000	46,720	36,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,585	1,590	1,995
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,320	52,450	37,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,765	1,260	1,505
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,920	48,400	34,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,770	1,130	1,645
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,940	10,760	11,070
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	180	80	105
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	6,000	4,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,020	1,750	2,270
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	895	470	420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	69,500	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,800	72,400	60,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,190	475	710
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	27,600	23,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,600	43,400	28,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	87.4	80.6
Employment income (%)	59.8	64.0	55.6
Government transfers (%)	16.0	12.7	19.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.5	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,280	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	885	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,400	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,280	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	910	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,370	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,280	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	210	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	735	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	165	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,280	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	235	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	155	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...
$100,000 and over	570	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	245	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...
$150,000 and over	175	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,315	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	715	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	220	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,190	420	770
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	37,600	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	34,000	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,315	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	670	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	375	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	230	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,145	410	740
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,300	50,200	44,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,600	43,000	39,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,575	2,030	2,540
0 to 17 years	630	320	310
0 to 5 years	175	90	85
18 to 64 years	2,435	1,080	1,355
65 years and over	1,510	630	880
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	525	190	335
0 to 17 years	85	45	40
0 to 5 years	20	5	10
18 to 64 years	235	80	150
65 years and over	210	65	145
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.5	9.4	13.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.6	14.0	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	8.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5	7.8	10.8
65 years and over (%)	13.9	9.6	16.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,570	2,030	2,545
0 to 17 years	625	320	305
0 to 5 years	175	90	85
18 to 64 years	2,435	1,080	1,355
65 years and over	1,510	630	885
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	145	65	80
0 to 17 years	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	100	50	50
65 years and over	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.2	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.6	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,570	2,030	2,540
In bottom half of the distribution	2,420	1,000	1,425
In bottom decile	530	220	310
In second decile	505	185	325
In third decile	500	210	285
In fourth decile	455	190	265
In fifth decile	430	190	245
In top half of the distribution	2,150	1,030	1,120
In sixth decile	500	230	270
In seventh decile	465	220	240
In eighth decile	425	190	235
In ninth decile	400	205	200
In top decile	365	185	175
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,570	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.284	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,605	2,050	2,550
English only	4,210	1,890	2,320
French only	0	0	0
English and French	380	155	225
Neither English nor French	20	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,605	2,050	2,550
English	4,495	2,000	2,495
French	70	35	35
English and French	25	10	10
Neither English nor French	20	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,605	2,050	2,550
Single responses	4,510	2,010	2,500
Official languages	3,945	1,775	2,175
English	3,865	1,740	2,125
French	80	35	45
Non-official languages	560	235	325
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	560	235	325
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	285	120	160
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5
Czech	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10
Russian	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	60	80
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	80	40	45
German	80	40	45
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	15
Danish	10	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	5
Swedish	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	0	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5
Portuguese	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20
Korean	40	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35
Chinese languages	60	25	35
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5
Hungarian	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	45	55
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,605	2,050	2,550
English	4,015	1,800	2,220
French	5	5	5
Non-official language	105	40	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	105	40	60
English and French	65	25	40
English and non-official language(s)	395	175	215
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,605	2,050	2,550
Single responses	4,520	2,020	2,505
Official languages	4,295	1,910	2,380
English	4,285	1,905	2,375
French	15	5	5
Non-official languages	230	105	125
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	105	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	30	30
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	35	35
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5
Korean	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25
Chinese languages	35	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	50
English and French	20	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,605	2,050	2,555
None	4,195	1,875	2,320
English	105	50	50
French	40	15	25
Non-official language	205	85	115
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	205	85	115
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	20
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,575	2,035	2,540
Official languages	4,570	2,035	2,535
English	4,570	2,035	2,535
French	420	175	245
Non-official languages	780	330	450
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	780	330	450
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	90	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	40	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	460	170	290
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	20	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	30	10	20
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	70	110
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	110	40	65
German	110	40	65
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	25	35
Afrikaans	20	10	10
Dutch	30	15	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	20	45
Indo-Aryan languages	65	20	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10
Hindi	50	15	35
Kacchi	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	0	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	75	100
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	10
Portuguese	15	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	145	60	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	60	30	30
Korean	65	35	30
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	35	30
Chinese languages	55	35	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,575	2,035	2,535
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	265	125	140
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	230	100	135
First Nations (North American Indian)	130	60	65
Métis	100	40	65
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	25	10
Non-Indigenous identity	4,305	1,910	2,395
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,575	2,035	2,535
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	110	50	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,460	1,985	2,475
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,280	...	...
Owner	1,715	...	...
Renter	570	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,280	...	...
Condominium	625	...	...
Not condominium	1,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,280	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...
1 bedroom	315	...	...
2 bedrooms	835	...	...
3 bedrooms	765	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,280	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	760	...	...
5 rooms	460	...	...
6 rooms	320	...	...
7 rooms	250	...	...
8 or more rooms	490	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,280	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,265	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,280	...	...
Suitable	2,210	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,280	...	...
1960 or before	280	...	...
1961 to 1980	570	...	...
1981 to 1990	385	...	...
1991 to 2000	450	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...
2006 to 2010	180	...	...
2011 to 2015	140	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,280	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,140	...	...
Major repairs needed	140	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,280	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,270	...	...
Two-maintainer household	945	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,280	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	155	...	...
35 to 44 years	300	...	...
45 to 54 years	300	...	...
55 to 64 years	480	...	...
65 to 74 years	545	...	...
75 to 84 years	365	...	...
85 years and over	115	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,580	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	695	...	...
30% to less than 100%	645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,280	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	620	...	...
Not suitable only	45	...	...
Major repairs needed only	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,455	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,220	...	...
In core need	255	...	...
Not in core need	1,960	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,715	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,408	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	715,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	782,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	570	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	54.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,325	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,570	2,035	2,540
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	55	20	35
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	30	15	15
Métis single ancestry	15	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	205	90	115
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	195	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	45	55
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	40	55
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,310	1,925	2,390
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,570	2,035	2,540
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,325	1,920	2,400
Canadian citizens aged under 18	680	330	350
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,640	1,590	2,050
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	250	115	135
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,570	2,035	2,540
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,540	1,630	1,915
Immigrants⁸¹	975	375	595
Before 1980	460	150	310
1980 to 1990	115	50	65
1991 to 2000	120	50	70
2001 to 2010	115	40	80
2011 to 2021⁸²	165	90	75
2011 to 2015	110	65	45
2016 to 2021	55	25	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	35	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	975	375	600
Under 5 years	90	20	65
5 to 14 years	180	70	105
15 to 24 years	180	65	115
25 to 44 years	455	180	275
45 years and over	75	35	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	975	375	600
Americas	110	35	75
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	95	35	55
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10
Europe	510	195	315
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	15	0	10
Germany	55	10	50
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0
Italy	10	10	0
Netherlands	25	10	20
Poland	30	10	20
Portugal	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	280	125	160
Other places of birth in Europe	55	15	40
Africa	70	20	45
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15
Asia	255	105	150
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	50	20	25
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	65	30	40
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	45	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	30
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	20	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	25	30
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	35	10	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	20	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,575	2,035	2,535
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,135	465	670
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,030	505	525
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,410	1,070	1,340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	515	230	285
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	295	145	145
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	160	85	65
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	135	60	80
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	185	70	115
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	10	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	515	230	285
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	155	70	85
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	25	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	290	130	160
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,575	2,035	2,535
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	505	225	280
South Asian	105	45	65
Chinese	55	35	25
Black	50	15	35
Filipino	105	50	50
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	20	0	20
Southeast Asian	25	0	15
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	30
Japanese	55	30	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,065	1,810	2,255
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,575	2,030	2,540
Canadian	405	190	220
English	1,605	720	885
Irish	1,075	450	625
Scottish	1,345	595	745
French, n.o.s.¹²²	445	175	270
German	665	315	355
Chinese	90	50	40
Italian	100	55	45
Indian (India)	70	30	40
Ukrainian	215	100	110
Dutch	190	65	130
Polish	190	80	110
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	350	180	175
Filipino	95	40	50
French Canadian	20	15	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	90	35	50
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	60	30	35
Métis	130	55	75
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	65	30	35
Russian	80	25	55
Norwegian	190	65	130
Welsh	170	80	85
Portuguese	35	15	20
American	80	30	50
Spanish	55	10	45
Swedish	185	90	90
Hungarian	85	45	45
Acadian	25	20	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	15	20
Jewish	55	30	25
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	0	20
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	15
Danish	85	55	25
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	10	20
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	50	15	35
Belgian	15	10	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	25	0	20
Finnish	30	15	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	10
Japanese	50	30	20
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	15
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	50	10	30
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	60	15	45
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	30	10	20
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	20	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	0	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0
South African	35	20	20
Australian	10	10	0
Palestinian	10	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	0	10
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,575	2,035	2,535
Buddhist	75	35	40
Christian	1,515	585	925
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	345	135	210
Anabaptist	15	0	10
Anglican	245	85	155
Baptist	55	25	30
Catholic	450	195	255
Christian Orthodox	20	0	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	25	20	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	20	25
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	235	75	160
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	20	30
Hindu	25	0	20
Jewish	30	15	10
Muslim	25	10	15
Sikh	30	0	25
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	20	60
No religion and secular perspectives	2,810	1,365	1,450
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,555	2,025	2,530
Non-movers	3,835	1,690	2,145
Movers	715	330	385
Non-migrants	335	160	180
Migrants	380	170	205
Internal migrants	370	170	200
Intraprovincial migrants	360	170	190
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	15	0	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,410	1,945	2,465
Non-movers	2,160	940	1,220
Movers	2,250	1,005	1,245
Non-migrants	530	240	285
Migrants	1,725	765	960
Internal migrants	1,630	730	905
Intraprovincial migrants	1,500	680	820
Interprovincial migrants	130	50	80
External migrants	90	40	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,020	1,750	2,270
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	535	275	260
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,485	1,475	2,010
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,255	975	1,270
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	160	85	75
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,095	900	1,195
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,020	1,750	2,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	430	220	210
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	995	405	590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,590	1,125	1,470
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,385	615	770
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	350	250	105
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	95	75
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	180	150	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	845	310	535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	190	55	140
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,205	510	695
Bachelor's degree	780	315	465
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	50	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	285	125	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,250	980	1,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	75	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	555	245	305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,590	660	930
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	820	330	485
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	190	120	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100	45	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	90	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	510	170	335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	40	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	770	325	445
Bachelor's degree	510	185	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	30	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	185	100	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,025	1,750	2,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,425	625	805
Education	255	50	205
13. Education	255	50	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	150	45	105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	135	35	95
Humanities	160	50	105
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	10	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	30	10	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	350	115	235
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	15	50
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	10	45
45. Social sciences	125	60	65
Business, management and public administration	505	225	280
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	465	215	250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	35	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	30	0
25. Library science	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	400	375	25
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0
14. Engineering	110	105	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	80	70	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0
48. Precision production	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	15
Health and related fields	390	40	350
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	15	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	340	25	320
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	95	75
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	100	35	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,250	975	1,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	665	320	345
Education	110	25	80
13. Education	110	25	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	25	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	80	20	60
Humanities	100	35	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	65	170
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	15	55
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	25
45. Social sciences	80	35	45
Business, management and public administration	305	145	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	285	135	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	25	0
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	225	195	30
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0
14. Engineering	70	60	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	25	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0
48. Precision production	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	35	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0
Health and related fields	270	35	240
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	255	20	235
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	45	65
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80	25	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,250	975	1,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	665	320	345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,590	660	930
Location of study inside Canada	1,305	515	795
Same as province or territory of residence	990	410	580
Different than province or territory of residence	315	110	210
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	285	140	135
Americas	55	30	25
United States of America	50	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	85	50	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	15
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	10
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	30	15	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	90	40	50
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	25	0	10
Philippines	30	15	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	25	10	15
Australia	25	10	15
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,020	1,750	2,275
In the labour force	2,260	1,025	1,235
Employed	2,085	945	1,140
Unemployed	170	80	90
Not in the labour force	1,760	725	1,035
Participation rate	56.2	58.6	54.3
Employment rate	51.9	54.0	50.1
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.8	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,025	1,750	2,270
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,760	740	1,015
Worked	2,265	1,005	1,255
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	930	495	440
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,330	515	815
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3	39.7	39.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,260	1,025	1,235
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	20	30
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,210	1,000	1,205
Employee	1,535	670	860
Permanent position	1,255	560	700
Temporary position	275	115	160
Fixed term (1 year or more)	85	35	45
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	195	80	115
Self-employed¹⁹²	675	330	345
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,260	1,025	1,235
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	20	30
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,210	1,000	1,205
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	280	80	195
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	145	125	25
3 Health occupations	220	20	210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	310	95	215
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	40	95
6 Sales and service occupations	590	210	380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	370	330	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60	35	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	65	55	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,260	1,025	1,235
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	20	30
All industries¹⁹¹	2,210	1,000	1,205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	20	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0
23 Construction	180	150	30
31-33 Manufacturing	165	130	30
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	300	115	190
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120	80	45
51 Information and cultural industries	40	25	15
52 Finance and insurance	55	20	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	0	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240	125	115
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	110	60	50
61 Educational services	185	40	145
62 Health care and social assistance	300	35	265
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	15	25
72 Accommodation and food services	185	80	100
81 Other services (except public administration)	55	10	45
91 Public administration	115	45	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,490	1,130	1,365
English	2,435	1,095	1,335
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	15	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,490	1,130	1,365
Single responses	2,465	1,125	1,345
Official languages	2,465	1,125	1,345
English	2,465	1,125	1,345
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	0	20
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,490	1,130	1,365
None	2,450	1,100	1,350
English	0	0	0
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	30	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,085	940	1,140
Worked at home	535	195	340
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	340	235	110
Usual place of work	1,205	510	690
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,205	510	690
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	685	265	420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	390	165	220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	115	65	55
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,545	750	800
Car, truck or van	1,165	570	590
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,095	540	555
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	65	30	35
Public transit	75	25	55
Walked	200	85	115
Bicycle	30	15	15
Other method	75	50	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,545	750	800
Less than 15 minutes	720	275	440
15 to 29 minutes	465	250	210
30 to 44 minutes	240	140	105
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	110	75	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,545	750	800
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	105	70	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	255	165	95
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	280	145	140
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	410	140	270
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	280	110	165
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	215	120	100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	645	330	315
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	585	305	290
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	485	245	240
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	20
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	440	225	215

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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