Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Whistler, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,982
Population, 2016¹	11,746^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	19.0
Total private dwellings²	10,065
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,597
Population density per square kilometre	58.3
Land area in square kilometres	240.00
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,980
0 to 14 years	1,555
0 to 4 years	445
5 to 9 years	530
10 to 14 years	585
15 to 64 years	11,160
15 to 19 years	640
20 to 24 years	1,125
25 to 29 years	1,740
30 to 34 years	1,695
35 to 39 years	1,410
40 to 44 years	1,095
45 to 49 years	960
50 to 54 years	960
55 to 59 years	825
60 to 64 years	700
65 years and over	1,265
65 to 69 years	530
70 to 74 years	410
75 to 79 years	205
80 to 84 years	80
85 years and over	35
85 to 89 years	20
90 to 94 years	10
95 to 99 years	0
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.1
15 to 64 years	79.8
65 years and over	9.0
85 years and over	0.3
Average age of the population	37.9
Median age of the population	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,595
Single-detached house	1,660
Semi-detached house	470
Row house	1,470
Apartment or flat in a duplex	565
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,375
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15
Other single-attached house	45
Movable dwelling⁴	5
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,595
1 person	1,620
2 persons	1,970
3 persons	875
4 persons	715
5 or more persons	415
Number of persons in private households	13,425
Average household size	2.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,430
Married or living common-law	6,495
Married	4,095
Living common-law	2,400
Living common law - Never married	2,175
Living common law - Separated	35
Living common law - Divorced	185
Living common law - Widowed	10
Not married and not living common-law	5,935
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,985
Not married and not living common law - Separated	210
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	585
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	150
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,375
2 persons	2,070
3 persons	605
4 persons	560
5 or more persons	140
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,370
Total couple families	3,085
Married couples	1,880
With children⁶	990
Without children	895
Common-law couples	1,200
With children⁶	190
Without children	1,010
Total one-parent families	290
in which the parent is a woman+	205
in which the parent is a man+	80
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,425
Total - Persons in census families	8,900
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,170
Parents in one-parent families	290
Children⁶	2,445
In a two-parent family	2,010
In a one-parent family	440
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,520
Living alone	1,625
Living with other relatives⁷	175
Living with non-relatives only	2,725
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,600
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,735
Couple-family households	2,505
With children⁶	1,040
Without children	1,460
One-parent-family households	230
Multigenerational households⁸	25
Multiple-census-family households⁹	95
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	400
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	720
One-person households	1,625
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,660
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,670
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,395
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,260
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,560
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,570
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,600
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,665
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,400
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,550
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,260
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,660
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,445
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,395
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,520
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,070
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,890
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,480
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,655
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,890
Without total income	225
With total income	11,660
Under $10,000 (including loss)	870
$10,000 to $19,999	795
$20,000 to $29,999	1,490
$30,000 to $39,999	1,845
$40,000 to $49,999	1,705
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340
$60,000 to $69,999	850
$70,000 to $79,999	600
$80,000 to $89,999	435
$90,000 to $99,999	340
$100,000 and over	1,400
$100,000 to $149,999	815
$150,000 and over	585
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,890
Without after-tax income	215
With after-tax income	11,675
Under $10,000 (including loss)	945
$10,000 to $19,999	845
$20,000 to $29,999	1,925
$30,000 to $39,999	2,190
$40,000 to $49,999	1,885
$50,000 to $59,999	1,140
$60,000 to $69,999	730
$70,000 to $79,999	500
$80,000 to $89,999	335
$90,000 to $99,999	280
$100,000 and over	895
$100,000 to $124,999	405
$125,000 and over	495
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,890
Without employment income	1,625
With employment income	10,265
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,085
$5,000 to $9,999	845
$10,000 to $19,999	1,545
$20,000 to $29,999	1,320
$30,000 to $39,999	1,210
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025
$50,000 to $59,999	820
$60,000 to $69,999	575
$70,000 to $79,999	405
$80,000 to $89,999	300
$90,000 to $99,999	255
$100,000 and over	880
$100,000 to $124,999	355
$125,000 and over	525
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,390
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,410
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,130
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,065
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,850
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	700
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,425
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,350
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,445
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,145
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,030
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,930
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,224
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	655
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,890
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,290
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	95.6
Employment income (%)	73.4
Government transfers (%)	4.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,595
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,625
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,400
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,975
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,595
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,300
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,400
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,200
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,985
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	152,000
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,600
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,595
Under $5,000	85
$5,000 to $9,999	45
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	60
$20,000 to $24,999	90
$25,000 to $29,999	125
$30,000 to $34,999	145
$35,000 to $39,999	120
$40,000 to $44,999	190
$45,000 to $49,999	170
$50,000 to $59,999	345
$60,000 to $69,999	335
$70,000 to $79,999	365
$80,000 to $89,999	360
$90,000 to $99,999	340
$100,000 and over	2,765
$100,000 to $124,999	760
$125,000 to $149,999	570
$150,000 to $199,999	660
$200,000 and over	775
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,595
Under $5,000	110
$5,000 to $9,999	50
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	70
$20,000 to $24,999	105
$25,000 to $29,999	170
$30,000 to $34,999	150
$35,000 to $39,999	200
$40,000 to $44,999	210
$45,000 to $49,999	200
$50,000 to $59,999	400
$60,000 to $69,999	410
$70,000 to $79,999	410
$80,000 to $89,999	425
$90,000 to $99,999	395
$100,000 and over	2,245
$100,000 to $124,999	750
$125,000 to $149,999	495
$150,000 and over	1,005
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,400
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,860
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,180
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	280
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,350
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,415
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,400
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,860
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	135,200
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,175
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	179,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	285
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,325
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,080
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,425
0 to 17 years	1,900
0 to 5 years	535
18 to 64 years	10,335
65 years and over	1,190
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	910
0 to 17 years	150
0 to 5 years	50
18 to 64 years	680
65 years and over	80
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6
65 years and over (%)	6.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,425
0 to 17 years	1,905
0 to 5 years	530
18 to 64 years	10,330
65 years and over	1,190
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	635
0 to 17 years	55
0 to 5 years	15
18 to 64 years	550
65 years and over	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3
65 years and over (%)	2.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,425
In bottom half of the distribution	6,570
In bottom decile	1,375
In second decile	1,360
In third decile	1,215
In fourth decile	1,325
In fifth decile	1,285
In top half of the distribution	6,860
In sixth decile	1,345
In seventh decile	1,270
In eighth decile	1,210
In ninth decile	1,350
In top decile	1,685
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,425
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.362
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.432
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.314
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,985
English only	11,690
French only	10
English and French	2,215
Neither English nor French	65
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,985
English	13,245
French	615
English and French	60
Neither English nor French	65
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,985
Single responses	13,655
Official languages	11,695
English	11,085
French	610
Non-official languages	1,960
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,960
Afro-Asiatic languages	40
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	40
Amharic	0
Arabic	35
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	5
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	310
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5
Cebuano	25
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	10
Ilocano	5
Indonesian	5
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	10
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	5
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,070
Albanian	5
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	355
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	350
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	5
Czech	150
Macedonian	0
Polish	50
Russian	35
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	80
Slovene (Slovenian)	10
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	5
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	245
Frisian	0
High German languages	170
German	165
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	10
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	30
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	35
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	75
Indo-Aryan languages	65
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	25
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	15
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	15
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	380
Catalan	15
Italian	30
Portuguese	40
Romanian	25
Spanish	270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	295
Korean	100
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95
Chinese languages	95
Hakka	0
Mandarin	45
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15
Lao	0
Thai	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	5
Finnish	5
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	325
English and French	110
English and non-official language(s)	185
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,985
English	11,585
French	150
Non-official language	435
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	435
English and French	460
English and non-official language(s)	1,275
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65
Multiple non-official languages	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,985
Single responses	13,715
Official languages	12,855
English	12,625
French	230
Non-official languages	860
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	860
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	200
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	5
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	365
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	130
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	65
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	30
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	20
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25
Indo-Aryan languages	20
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	10
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180
Catalan	10
Italian	0
Portuguese	20
Romanian	15
Spanish	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	160
Korean	80
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30
Chinese languages	30
Hakka	0
Mandarin	20
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	265
English and French	80
English and non-official language(s)	180
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,985
None	12,420
English	450
French	310
Non-official language	645
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	645
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	40
French and non-official language(s)	45
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	65
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,425
Official languages	13,400
English	13,395
French	2,210
Non-official languages	2,705
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,705
Afro-Asiatic languages	40
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	40
Amharic	0
Arabic	40
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	425
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	30
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	25
Indonesian	10
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	405
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,600
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	420
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	410
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	170
Macedonian	0
Polish	90
Russian	100
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	10
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	100
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	40
Irish	10
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	380
Frisian	0
High German languages	260
German	250
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80
Afrikaans	30
Dutch	45
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	45
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	35
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55
Indo-Aryan languages	50
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	30
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	755
Catalan	0
Italian	75
Portuguese	60
Romanian	20
Spanish	635
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	360
Korean	65
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165
Chinese languages	165
Hakka	0
Mandarin	105
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40
Lao	0
Thai	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	30
Estonian	10
Finnish	0
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,425
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	145
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	145
First Nations (North American Indian)	80
Métis	70
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,280
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,425
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,390
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,600
Owner	3,140
Renter	2,455
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,600
Condominium	2,110
Not condominium	3,490
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,600
No bedrooms	170
1 bedroom	1,235
2 bedrooms	1,425
3 bedrooms	1,410
4 or more bedrooms	1,355
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,600
1 to 4 rooms	2,755
5 rooms	765
6 rooms	650
7 rooms	410
8 or more rooms	1,015
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.1
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,600
One person or fewer per room	5,380
More than one person per room	215
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,600
Suitable	5,110
Not suitable	480
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,600
1960 or before	40
1961 to 1980	1,140
1981 to 1990	1,325
1991 to 2000	1,425
2001 to 2005	380
2006 to 2010	685
2011 to 2015	230
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	360
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,600
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,340
Major repairs needed	255
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,600
One-maintainer household	2,455
Two-maintainer household	2,430
Three-or-more-maintainer household	710
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,600
15 to 24 years	295
25 to 34 years	1,230
35 to 44 years	1,275
45 to 54 years	1,115
55 to 64 years	915
65 to 74 years	575
75 to 84 years	175
85 years and over	15
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,575
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,665
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,910
30% to less than 100%	1,700
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,600
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,355
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,655
Not suitable only	300
Major repairs needed only	140
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	150
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	80
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25
Acceptable housing	3,245
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,360
In core need	1,030
Not in core need	4,335
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,145
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.3
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.1
% in core housing need⁶³	13.5
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,232
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,200,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,644,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,455
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.8
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.9
% in core housing need⁶³	26.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,012
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,425
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15
Métis single ancestry	15
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	225
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	155
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,165
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,425
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,435
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,680
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,995
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,425
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,710
Immigrants⁸¹	3,320
Before 1980	340
1980 to 1990	135
1991 to 2000	375
2001 to 2010	675
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,790
2011 to 2015	750
2016 to 2021	1,045
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,395
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,320
Under 5 years	220
5 to 14 years	360
15 to 24 years	335
25 to 44 years	2,245
45 years and over	160
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,320
Americas	320
Brazil	15
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	40
Peru	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	200
Other places of birth in Americas	50
Europe	1,520
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	55
Germany	80
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	20
Netherlands	20
Poland	50
Portugal	10
Romania	20
Russian Federation	50
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	20
United Kingdom⁸⁷	840
Other places of birth in Europe	365
Africa	80
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	10
Morocco	10
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	30
Other places of birth in Africa	30
Asia	860
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	10
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	35
Hong Kong⁹¹	45
Korea, South⁹²	40
Taiwan	10
Philippines	445
Viet Nam	10
Bangladesh	0
India	20
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	240
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	535
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,040
Americas	80
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	50
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15
Europe	525
France	0
Germany	10
Ireland⁹⁶	15
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	390
Other places of birth in Europe	95
Africa	20
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10
Asia	150
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10
India	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	35
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	70
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10
Oceania and other⁹³	265
Australia	245
Other places of birth⁹⁸	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,425
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,010
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,360
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,055
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,975
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,175
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,405
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	765
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	770
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,975
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,700
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	150
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,075
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,425
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,715
South Asian	105
Chinese	255
Black	90
Filipino	570
Arab	40
Latin American	140
Southeast Asian	90
West Asian	0
Korean	65
Japanese	300
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10
Multiple visible minorities	55
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,715
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,425
Canadian	1,615
English	3,670
Irish	2,375
Scottish	2,640
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,060
German	1,105
Chinese	250
Italian	555
Indian (India)	110
Ukrainian	340
Dutch	450
Polish	345
Québécois	30
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	910
Filipino	520
French Canadian	95
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	570
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	105
Métis	85
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	380
Russian	225
Norwegian	230
Welsh	320
Portuguese	60
American	210
Spanish	215
Swedish	275
Hungarian	195
Acadian	15
Pakistani	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	85
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	25
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10
Greek	85
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	70
Romanian	50
Lebanese	0
Iranian	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	125
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10
Sikh	0
Austrian	210
Belgian	105
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	70
Mennonite	15
Swiss	205
Finnish	85
Sri Lankan	15
Croatian	20
Japanese	305
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85
Muslim	10
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	65
Tamil	0
Icelandic	55
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	220
Syrian	0
Guyanese	10
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	25
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	35
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	15
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	80
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10
Somali	0
Taiwanese	10
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10
Lithuanian	30
South African	45
Australian	760
Palestinian	0
Chilean	20
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	10
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	10
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	15
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	35
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	40
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	10
Indonesian	30
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20
British Columbian	30
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	25
Estonian	30
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	45
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	165
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	25
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	20
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	10
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	10
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	40
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,425
Buddhist	75
Christian	3,280
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	540
Anabaptist	10
Anglican	350
Baptist	10
Catholic	1,705
Christian Orthodox	55
Jehovah's Witness	0
Latter Day Saints	10
Lutheran	70
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30
Presbyterian	50
Reformed	0
United Church	250
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	185
Hindu	0
Jewish	145
Muslim	50
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10
Other religions and spiritual traditions	95
No religion and secular perspectives	9,755
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,370
Non-movers	10,335
Movers	3,040
Non-migrants	1,735
Migrants	1,300
Internal migrants	970
Intraprovincial migrants	640
Interprovincial migrants	325
External migrants	330
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,025
Non-movers	5,870
Movers	7,155
Non-migrants	2,665
Migrants	4,495
Internal migrants	2,540
Intraprovincial migrants	1,545
Interprovincial migrants	995
External migrants	1,955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,890
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	640
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,245
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,045
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	210
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,830
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,885
No certificate, diploma or degree	535
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,960
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	955
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	415
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	535
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,025
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	495
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,485
Bachelor's degree	3,075
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	350
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70
Master's degree	910
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	145
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,620
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,905
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	805
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	360
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	445
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,705
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,720
Bachelor's degree	2,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40
Master's degree	770
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,885
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,925
Education	420
13. Education	420
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	400
Humanities	400
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20
23. English language and literature/letters	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	35
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85
22. Legal professions and studies	175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	185
45. Social sciences	485
Business, management and public administration	2,005
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,960
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15
40. Physical sciences	140
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,300
04. Architecture and related services	125
14. Engineering	365
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	400
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145
48. Precision production	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	240
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	145
Health and related fields	1,040
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	390
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	640
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	385
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	295
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	50
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,420
Education	310
13. Education	310
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	350
Humanities	335
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	910
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70
22. Legal professions and studies	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	125
45. Social sciences	420
Business, management and public administration	1,700
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,655
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15
40. Physical sciences	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,045
04. Architecture and related services	115
14. Engineering	290
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	320
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105
48. Precision production	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	125
Health and related fields	870
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	340
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	340
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	280
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	35
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,620
Location of study inside Canada	3,870
Same as province or territory of residence	1,900
Different than province or territory of residence	1,970
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,750
Americas	375
United States of America	275
Mexico	20
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	15
Colombia	15
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	55
Europe	1,275
Belgium	10
France	55
Germany	45
Netherlands	10
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	25
Romania	15
Russian Federation	20
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	80
United Kingdom⁸⁷	790
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	220
Africa	65
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	15
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	15
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	420
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	135
Korea, South⁹²	20
Philippines	210
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	20
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	620
Australia	540
New Zealand	75
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,885
In the labour force	9,625
Employed	7,945
Unemployed	1,680
Not in the labour force	2,265
Participation rate	81.0
Employment rate	66.8
Unemployment rate	17.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,885
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,390
Worked	9,500
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,585
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,910
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,620
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,540
Employee	7,480
Permanent position	5,830
Temporary position	1,650
Fixed term (1 year or more)	415
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,230
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,065
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,620
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,540
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	165
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,405
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	580
3 Health occupations	340
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	640
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	585
6 Sales and service occupations	3,940
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,535
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,620
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80
All industries¹⁹¹	9,540
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50
22 Utilities	20
23 Construction	985
31-33 Manufacturing	235
41 Wholesale trade	140
44-45 Retail trade	880
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165
51 Information and cultural industries	120
52 Finance and insurance	220
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	335
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	815
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	505
61 Educational services	395
62 Health care and social assistance	545
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	655
72 Accommodation and food services	2,650
81 Other services (except public administration)	360
91 Public administration	405
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,365
English	9,875
French	15
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	225
English and non-official language(s)	230
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,365
Single responses	10,335
Official languages	10,295
English	10,205
French	85
Non-official languages	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	10
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	25
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	25
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	25
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,365
None	9,920
English	100
French	155
Non-official language	175
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	165
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,945
Worked at home	1,795
Worked outside Canada	35
No fixed workplace address	1,590
Usual place of work	4,520
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,525
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,055
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	245
Commute to a different province or territory	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,115
Car, truck or van	4,140
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,895
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	245
Public transit	645
Walked	690
Bicycle	460
Other method	175
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,115
Less than 15 minutes	3,455
15 to 29 minutes	1,900
30 to 44 minutes	410
45 to 59 minutes	150
60 minutes and over	200
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	210
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	570
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,425
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,750
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,275
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	890
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,940
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	250
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,695
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,470
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,270

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 11, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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