Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Spallumcheen, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,307	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,106	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,099	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,036	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	254.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,305	2,675	2,630
0 to 14 years	875	460	415
0 to 4 years	225	120	105
5 to 9 years	300	150	150
10 to 14 years	345	190	160
15 to 64 years	3,235	1,585	1,655
15 to 19 years	285	140	145
20 to 24 years	235	125	110
25 to 29 years	215	110	100
30 to 34 years	265	120	145
35 to 39 years	315	160	155
40 to 44 years	300	150	150
45 to 49 years	290	135	155
50 to 54 years	335	175	160
55 to 59 years	465	200	265
60 to 64 years	530	265	265
65 years and over	1,195	635	565
65 to 69 years	415	220	195
70 to 74 years	365	185	180
75 to 79 years	210	100	105
80 to 84 years	130	75	50
85 years and over	85	50	25
85 to 89 years	60	40	20
90 to 94 years	15	10	5
95 to 99 years	10	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	17.2	15.8
15 to 64 years	61.0	59.3	62.9
65 years and over	22.5	23.7	21.5
85 years and over	1.6	1.9	1.0
Average age of the population	44.5	44.6	44.4
Median age of the population	48.0	48.0	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,035	...	...
Single-detached house	1,825	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...
Row house	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	155	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,035	...	...
1 person	395	...	...
2 persons	885	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...
4 persons	270	...	...
5 or more persons	215	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,300	2,675	2,625
Average household size	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,435	2,220	2,215
Married or living common-law	2,915	1,465	1,450
Married	2,515	1,265	1,250
Living common-law	400	200	195
Living common law - Never married	230	115	115
Living common law - Separated	20	10	5
Living common law - Divorced	130	65	70
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	1,525	755	770
Not married and not living common law - Never married	945	515	430
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	275	125	150
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	195	55	140
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,630	...	...
2 persons	975	...	...
3 persons	250	...	...
4 persons	235	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,630	...	...
Total couple families	1,435	...	...
Married couples	1,235	...	...
With children⁶	510	...	...
Without children	730	...	...
Common-law couples	200	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...
Without children	125	...	...
Total one-parent families	195	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	135	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,300	2,680	2,625
Total - Persons in census families	4,575	2,285	2,290
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,875	1,435	1,440
Parents in one-parent families	190	55	135
Children⁶	1,505	790	715
In a two-parent family	1,215	635	575
In a one-parent family	295	155	135
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	725	390	340
Living alone	395	210	185
Living with other relatives⁷	140	70	75
Living with non-relatives only	195	115	85
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,040	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,380	...	...
Couple-family households	1,245	...	...
With children⁶	505	...	...
Without children	745	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	65	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	75	...	...
One-person households	395	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,430	2,215	2,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,310	2,165	2,145
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,600	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,310	2,165	2,150
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,600	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,915	2,015	1,900
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	38,000	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,110	1,640	1,475
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	37,200	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,555	1,700	1,850
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	10,900	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	215	190
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	6,040	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	945	440	500
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,425	2,220	2,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,320	2,170	2,150
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,720	57,500	37,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,315	2,170	2,155
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,720	47,720	33,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,860	1,985	1,875
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,360	52,300	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,070	1,600	1,465
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,160	46,560	31,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,505	1,675	1,825
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	12,360	11,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	175	150
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,850	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	860	400	455
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,620	8,400	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,425	2,215	2,215
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,300	795	500
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	58,800	50,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,450	63,800	57,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,255	555	700
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	20,000	12,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,250	34,600	19,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.4	83.4	73.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.4	59.9	56.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.6	16.6	26.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.6	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	2.7	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,430	2,220	2,210
Without total income	125	55	65
With total income	4,305	2,160	2,145
Under $10,000 (including loss)	385	145	235
$10,000 to $19,999	620	250	375
$20,000 to $29,999	685	310	375
$30,000 to $39,999	570	260	315
$40,000 to $49,999	555	275	280
$50,000 to $59,999	390	195	195
$60,000 to $69,999	290	170	115
$70,000 to $79,999	200	125	75
$80,000 to $89,999	160	110	50
$90,000 to $99,999	100	60	35
$100,000 and over	350	260	90
$100,000 to $149,999	240	170	75
$150,000 and over	105	90	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,430	2,220	2,210
Without after-tax income	115	55	65
With after-tax income	4,315	2,165	2,145
Under $10,000 (including loss)	410	155	250
$10,000 to $19,999	630	260	375
$20,000 to $29,999	770	340	430
$30,000 to $39,999	690	340	355
$40,000 to $49,999	570	270	300
$50,000 to $59,999	400	225	180
$60,000 to $69,999	275	185	90
$70,000 to $79,999	165	105	60
$80,000 to $89,999	105	70	40
$90,000 to $99,999	80	60	20
$100,000 and over	210	155	55
$100,000 to $124,999	120	80	40
$125,000 and over	95	75	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,430	2,220	2,210
Without employment income	1,320	580	735
With employment income	3,110	1,635	1,470
Under $5,000 (including loss)	605	300	310
$5,000 to $9,999	250	105	140
$10,000 to $19,999	405	165	240
$20,000 to $29,999	300	140	155
$30,000 to $39,999	310	140	165
$40,000 to $49,999	285	145	145
$50,000 to $59,999	240	135	100
$60,000 to $69,999	165	105	60
$70,000 to $79,999	135	90	45
$80,000 to $89,999	110	80	35
$90,000 to $99,999	75	50	25
$100,000 and over	235	185	50
$100,000 to $124,999	115	90	30
$125,000 and over	120	100	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,430	2,215	2,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,245	2,130	2,110
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	44,400	29,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,260	2,130	2,125
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,600	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,880	1,990	1,895
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	41,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,200	1,670	1,525
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	40,400	23,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,940	1,350	1,595
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,300	10,200	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	380	205	175
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,280	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,425	2,220	2,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,235	2,140	2,095
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,640	58,500	36,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,260	2,140	2,120
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,240	48,760	31,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,805	1,965	1,835
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,960	55,800	33,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,175	1,660	1,515
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,560	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,970	1,400	1,570
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,370	10,910	9,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	335	200	145
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,040	7,600	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,425	2,215	2,215
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,275	790	490
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	56,800	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,700	68,200	54,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,185	525	660
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	22,800	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,750	37,800	23,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8	87.8	79.8
Employment income (%)	62.9	64.4	60.5
Government transfers (%)	15.3	12.2	20.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,035	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,640	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,035	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,665	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,035	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	830	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	200	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,035	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	180	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	195	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	145	...	...
$100,000 and over	670	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...
$150,000 and over	240	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,595	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	760	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	590	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	585	320	265
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	37,600	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	34,000	31,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,630	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	805	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	535	280	260
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,600	53,200	41,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	45,200	35,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,305	2,675	2,625
0 to 17 years	1,045	540	505
0 to 5 years	285	145	135
18 to 64 years	3,060	1,500	1,555
65 years and over	1,200	635	565
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	620	300	320
0 to 17 years	160	75	85
0 to 5 years	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	280	130	150
65 years and over	180	100	80
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.7	11.3	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	15.2	13.6	16.8
0 to 5 years (%)	21.0	20.0	22.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	9.0	9.6
65 years and over (%)	14.9	15.2	14.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,300	2,680	2,625
0 to 17 years	1,045	540	505
0 to 5 years	280	145	140
18 to 64 years	3,060	1,505	1,560
65 years and over	1,200	635	560
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	140	75	70
0 to 17 years	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	90	50	45
65 years and over	25	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.7	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.4	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.1	3.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	2.4	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,300	2,675	2,625
In bottom half of the distribution	2,790	1,405	1,385
In bottom decile	525	265	260
In second decile	505	245	260
In third decile	620	315	305
In fourth decile	580	290	290
In fifth decile	560	290	270
In top half of the distribution	2,515	1,275	1,235
In sixth decile	555	270	285
In seventh decile	520	265	255
In eighth decile	520	270	250
In ninth decile	485	240	250
In top decile	430	230	195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,300	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.316	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.432	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.282	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,305	2,680	2,630
English only	5,125	2,595	2,530
French only	0	0	0
English and French	175	70	100
Neither English nor French	10	10	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,305	2,680	2,630
English	5,260	2,645	2,610
French	30	15	15
English and French	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	10	10	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,305	2,680	2,630
Single responses	5,255	2,655	2,605
Official languages	4,940	2,490	2,450
English	4,895	2,470	2,430
French	45	15	25
Non-official languages	320	165	155
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	320	165	155
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	275	150	130
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	30	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	30	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	5
Russian	25	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	100	95
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	115	55	60
German	110	55	55
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	40	30
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	55	35	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	5
Danish	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5
Swedish	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5
Chinese languages	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5
Hungarian	5	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	30
English and French	15	5	15
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,305	2,680	2,630
English	5,055	2,555	2,505
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	25	20	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	10
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	180	85	95
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,305	2,680	2,630
Single responses	5,275	2,660	2,615
Official languages	5,195	2,615	2,580
English	5,190	2,615	2,580
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	80	45	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	45	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	30	15	20
German	30	20	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	15	15	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,305	2,680	2,630
None	5,115	2,590	2,530
English	40	20	20
French	20	5	15
Non-official language	120	55	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	120	55	65
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,300	2,685	2,615
Official languages	5,300	2,685	2,615
English	5,300	2,685	2,615
French	170	75	95
Non-official languages	445	215	235
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	445	215	230
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	390	195	195
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	145	140
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	145	70	70
German	145	70	70
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	105	60	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	75	50	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	40	15	25
Danish	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	70	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15
American Sign Language	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,305	2,690	2,615
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	310	135	175
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	295	130	165
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	70	110
Métis	115	60	55
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,990	2,555	2,445
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,305	2,690	2,615
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	45	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,225	2,645	2,585
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,035	...	...
Owner	1,650	...	...
Renter	390	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,035	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...
Not condominium	2,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,035	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	325	...	...
3 bedrooms	750	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,035	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	215	...	...
5 rooms	255	...	...
6 rooms	335	...	...
7 rooms	320	...	...
8 or more rooms	920	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,035	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,025	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,035	...	...
Suitable	1,980	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,035	...	...
1960 or before	290	...	...
1961 to 1980	715	...	...
1981 to 1990	335	...	...
1991 to 2000	325	...	...
2001 to 2005	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...
2011 to 2015	70	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,035	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,890	...	...
Major repairs needed	145	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,035	...	...
One-maintainer household	900	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,025	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,035	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	130	...	...
35 to 44 years	300	...	...
45 to 54 years	300	...	...
55 to 64 years	540	...	...
65 to 74 years	515	...	...
75 to 84 years	170	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,485	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	305	...	...
30% to less than 100%	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,035	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	465	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	265	...	...
Not suitable only	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	125	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,570	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,755	...	...
In core need	260	...	...
Not in core need	1,495	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,420	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,318	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	640,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	680,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	380	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,204	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,300	2,690	2,615
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	90	50	40
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	90	50	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	70	35	30
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	210	90	120
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	205	85	115
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	55	90
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	30	25
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,005	2,545	2,455
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,300	2,690	2,615
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,220	2,660	2,555
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,020	555	470
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,200	2,105	2,090
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	25	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,300	2,690	2,615
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,900	2,485	2,415
Immigrants⁸¹	405	205	195
Before 1980	210	120	90
1980 to 1990	40	0	35
1991 to 2000	45	30	20
2001 to 2010	70	40	35
2011 to 2021⁸²	30	15	15
2011 to 2015	15	10	0
2016 to 2021	15	0	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	405	205	195
Under 5 years	60	15	50
5 to 14 years	85	70	15
15 to 24 years	75	35	45
25 to 44 years	180	85	95
45 years and over	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	405	205	195
Americas	75	30	45
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	70	25	45
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	265	145	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	65	45	25
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	55	35	20
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	25	35
Other places of birth in Europe	50	20	30
Africa	20	20	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	30	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	0	10
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,300	2,685	2,615
First generation¹⁰⁰	450	225	225
Second generation¹⁰¹	940	480	460
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,910	1,980	1,930
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	190	90	105
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	110	60	50
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	35	25	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	75	30	40
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	30	50
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	190	90	105
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	155	70	85
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,305	2,685	2,615
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	75	25	50
South Asian	0	0	0
Chinese	20	10	0
Black	15	0	10
Filipino	20	0	20
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,225	2,660	2,565
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,300	2,685	2,615
Canadian	780	390	390
English	1,565	825	740
Irish	1,045	495	545
Scottish	1,225	605	620
French, n.o.s.¹²²	490	230	265
German	1,240	605	640
Chinese	20	15	0
Italian	105	35	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	385	170	215
Dutch	510	290	220
Polish	195	90	105
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	245	90	150
Filipino	15	0	15
French Canadian	50	35	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	140	80	65
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	115	45	70
Métis	85	45	45
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	185	90	100
Russian	210	120	85
Norwegian	255	135	120
Welsh	115	75	45
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	185	80	105
Spanish	25	10	20
Swedish	180	70	105
Hungarian	65	40	25
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	15	20
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	25	20	10
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	115	65	55
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	65	30	40
Belgian	60	25	35
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	90	35	60
Swiss	40	10	30
Finnish	20	15	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	40	30	10
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10
Ojibway	15	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	25	15	10
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	0	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	20	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	25	0	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	25	15	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	10	0	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,305	2,690	2,610
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	2,315	1,070	1,245
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	805	420	385
Anabaptist	65	15	45
Anglican	185	60	120
Baptist	135	70	70
Catholic	345	170	180
Christian Orthodox	20	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	15
Latter Day Saints	25	10	15
Lutheran	65	35	35
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	10	25
Presbyterian	45	25	20
Reformed	110	55	55
United Church	215	85	130
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	240	100	140
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	30	25
No religion and secular perspectives	2,925	1,590	1,335
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,280	2,675	2,605
Non-movers	4,740	2,435	2,300
Movers	545	240	305
Non-migrants	180	80	100
Migrants	365	160	205
Internal migrants	355	145	205
Intraprovincial migrants	315	135	180
Interprovincial migrants	35	10	25
External migrants	20	10	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,115	2,605	2,510
Non-movers	3,160	1,680	1,480
Movers	1,960	930	1,030
Non-migrants	305	155	155
Migrants	1,650	775	875
Internal migrants	1,600	755	845
Intraprovincial migrants	1,305	630	675
Interprovincial migrants	290	120	170
External migrants	50	20	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,425	2,215	2,215
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	965	595	380
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,460	1,625	1,835
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,665	1,255	1,410
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	410	235	170
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,255	1,025	1,240
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,430	2,215	2,215
No certificate, diploma or degree	820	490	330
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,635	765	865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,970	960	1,010
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,490	730	760
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	555	415	140
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	205	105	95
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	345	300	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	860	295	565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	485	230	255
Bachelor's degree	345	155	190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	25	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0
Master's degree	55	25	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,665	1,260	1,405
No certificate, diploma or degree	340	200	145
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,020	470	545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,305	590	715
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	980	450	530
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	370	260	115
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	60	75
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	235	195	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	565	180	385
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	325	140	180
Bachelor's degree	225	100	125
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0
Master's degree	30	10	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,430	2,215	2,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,455	1,255	1,200
Education	140	30	105
13. Education	140	30	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	10	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	10	50
Humanities	60	35	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10
54. History	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	25	130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	45	20	25
Business, management and public administration	300	85	210
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	290	85	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	25	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	535	510	25
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120	105	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	165	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	125	0
48. Precision production	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	80	65
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	35	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	40	15
Health and related fields	395	85	305
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	350	70	280
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	120	65	60
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	15	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,665	1,260	1,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,360	670	690
Education	55	0	55
13. Education	55	0	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	10	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	10	35
Humanities	25	15	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120	10	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	35	10	25
Business, management and public administration	190	55	140
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	185	55	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	340	315	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	70	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0
48. Precision production	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	35	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	10	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	10
Health and related fields	305	70	230
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	270	50	210
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	55	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	15	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,665	1,260	1,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,360	670	690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,305	590	715
Location of study inside Canada	1,200	545	660
Same as province or territory of residence	855	370	480
Different than province or territory of residence	350	175	175
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	100	50	50
Americas	40	20	15
United States of America	40	20	15
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	45	20	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0
Netherlands	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,430	2,215	2,215
In the labour force	2,685	1,465	1,215
Employed	2,520	1,375	1,145
Unemployed	165	95	70
Not in the labour force	1,745	750	995
Participation rate	60.6	66.1	54.9
Employment rate	56.9	62.1	51.7
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.5	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,430	2,215	2,210
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,665	725	940
Worked	2,765	1,495	1,275
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,340	830	510
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,425	665	760
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	42.8	39.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,680	1,465	1,220
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	25	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,640	1,440	1,200
Employee	1,865	935	925
Permanent position	1,540	785	760
Temporary position	325	155	170
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	35	35
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	260	125	140
Self-employed¹⁹²	765	500	270
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,680	1,465	1,220
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	25	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,640	1,440	1,200
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	400	80	325
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	80	15
3 Health occupations	230	45	185
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	140	15	120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	0	30
6 Sales and service occupations	545	235	310
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	620	580	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405	265	135
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	160	130	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,680	1,465	1,220
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	25	20
All industries¹⁹¹	2,640	1,440	1,200
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	390	250	145
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	55	0
22 Utilities	15	15	0
23 Construction	345	270	75
31-33 Manufacturing	250	200	50
41 Wholesale trade	40	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	315	135	175
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	115	60
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	45	25	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	15	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	160	65	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	105	50	55
61 Educational services	80	10	70
62 Health care and social assistance	330	45	285
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	35	25
72 Accommodation and food services	85	40	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	50	45
91 Public administration	45	25	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,985	1,635	1,355
English	2,945	1,615	1,330
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,985	1,635	1,355
Single responses	2,980	1,635	1,350
Official languages	2,965	1,625	1,340
English	2,960	1,615	1,340
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	10	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0
German	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,985	1,635	1,355
None	2,955	1,625	1,330
English	15	10	10
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,515	1,370	1,145
Worked at home	510	260	240
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	485	395	90
Usual place of work	1,525	710	815
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,525	710	815
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	215	160	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,090	465	625
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	190	75	120
Commute to a different province or territory	20	0	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,010	1,110	900
Car, truck or van	1,770	980	795
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,660	925	740
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110	55	55
Public transit	25	10	15
Walked	130	70	60
Bicycle	20	15	0
Other method	60	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,010	1,110	900
Less than 15 minutes	730	395	340
15 to 29 minutes	715	345	370
30 to 44 minutes	365	195	165
45 to 59 minutes	70	50	20
60 minutes and over	130	120	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,010	1,110	900
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	175	145	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	395	270	120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	560	280	275
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	395	165	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	195	80	120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	290	170	120
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,060	550	515
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,015	530	490
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	815	420	395
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	790	410	385

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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