Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Age
Age characteristics
Commuting
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Commuting destination
Commuting duration
Main mode of commuting
Place of work status
Time leaving for work
Education
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Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Ethnocultural and religious diversity
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Ethnic or cultural origin
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Families, households, and marital status
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Family characteristics
Household type
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Housing
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Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
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Admission category and applicant type
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Immigrant status and period of immigration
Pre-admission experience
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Income
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Income of economic families in 2020
Income of households in 2020
Income of individuals in 2019
Income of individuals in 2020
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Indigenous peoples
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Indigenous ancestry
Indigenous population
Instruction in the minority official language
Select all: Instruction in the minority official language
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Labour
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Class of worker including job permanency
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Labour force status
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Work activity during the reference year
Language
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Language used most often at work
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Mobility and migration
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Mobility status 1 year ago
Mobility status 5 years ago
Population and dwelling counts
Population and dwellings
Type of dwelling
Household and dwelling characteristics
GenderMore information:


Statistic:
Characteristic Terrace, City (CY)More information:
British Columbia
[Census subdivision]
 Remove		 59490125More information:
British Columbia
[Dissemination area]
 Remove		 Kitimat-Stikine, Regional district (RD)More information:
British Columbia
[Census division]
 Remove
Counts Rates Counts Rates Counts Rates
Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 20211 12,017 ... ... ... ... ... 376 ... ... ... ... ... 37,790 ... ... ... ... ...
Population, 20161 11,643 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 37,367 ... ... ... ... ...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021 3.2 ... ... 3.2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1.1 ... ... 1.1 ... ...
Total private dwellings2 5,200 ... ... ... ... ... 145 ... ... ... ... ... 17,386 ... ... ... ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents3 4,873 ... ... ... ... ... 139 ... ... ... ... ... 15,306 ... ... ... ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 209.6 ... ... 209.6 ... ... 1,909.6 ... ... 1,909.6 ... ... 0.4 ... ... 0.4 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 57.33 ... ... ... ... ... 0.20 ... ... ... ... ... 104,307.25 ... ... ... ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data 12,015 5,975 6,040 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 210 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,790 19,300 18,490 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 2,260 1,130 1,130 18.8 18.9 18.7 65 30 30 17.3 18.2 14.3 6,785 3,415 3,365 18.0 17.7 18.2
0 to 4 years 755 375 375 6.3 6.3 6.2 20 10 10 5.3 6.1 4.8 2,125 1,050 1,075 5.6 5.4 5.8
5 to 9 years 775 380 395 6.5 6.4 6.5 30 10 15 8.0 6.1 7.1 2,255 1,135 1,120 6.0 5.9 6.1
10 to 14 years 730 375 360 6.1 6.3 6.0 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.8 2,410 1,235 1,175 6.4 6.4 6.4
15 to 64 years 7,830 3,955 3,880 65.2 66.2 64.2 245 105 140 65.3 63.6 66.7 24,485 12,660 11,820 64.8 65.6 63.9
15 to 19 years 675 355 320 5.6 5.9 5.3 25 5 20 6.7 3.0 9.5 2,175 1,130 1,040 5.8 5.9 5.6
20 to 24 years 730 385 350 6.1 6.4 5.8 25 15 10 6.7 9.1 4.8 2,000 1,055 950 5.3 5.5 5.1
25 to 29 years 905 485 415 7.5 8.1 6.9 20 10 15 5.3 6.1 7.1 2,515 1,335 1,185 6.7 6.9 6.4
30 to 34 years 915 460 460 7.6 7.7 7.6 15 5 10 4.0 3.0 4.8 2,600 1,320 1,280 6.9 6.8 6.9
35 to 39 years 855 435 420 7.1 7.3 7.0 20 5 10 5.3 3.0 4.8 2,425 1,260 1,165 6.4 6.5 6.3
40 to 44 years 730 370 360 6.1 6.2 6.0 20 10 10 5.3 6.1 4.8 2,300 1,200 1,095 6.1 6.2 5.9
45 to 49 years 685 320 360 5.7 5.4 6.0 25 5 15 6.7 3.0 7.1 2,235 1,125 1,110 5.9 5.8 6.0
50 to 54 years 795 385 405 6.6 6.4 6.7 35 25 15 9.3 15.2 7.1 2,645 1,310 1,335 7.0 6.8 7.2
55 to 59 years 785 400 385 6.5 6.7 6.4 15 5 10 4.0 3.0 4.8 2,810 1,490 1,320 7.4 7.7 7.1
60 to 64 years 755 360 400 6.3 6.0 6.6 35 15 25 9.3 9.1 11.9 2,780 1,435 1,345 7.4 7.4 7.3
65 years and over 1,925 890 1,035 16.0 14.9 17.1 70 30 35 18.7 18.2 16.7 6,520 3,225 3,300 17.3 16.7 17.8
65 to 69 years 640 325 315 5.3 5.4 5.2 15 5 5 4.0 3.0 2.4 2,285 1,200 1,085 6.0 6.2 5.9
70 to 74 years 525 240 285 4.4 4.0 4.7 15 5 10 4.0 3.0 4.8 1,810 915 895 4.8 4.7 4.8
75 to 79 years 360 160 200 3.0 2.7 3.3 10 5 5 2.7 3.0 2.4 1,140 580 555 3.0 3.0 3.0
80 to 84 years 220 95 120 1.8 1.6 2.0 20 5 10 5.3 3.0 4.8 770 325 445 2.0 1.7 2.4
85 years and over 180 70 115 1.5 1.2 1.9 5 5 5 1.3 3.0 2.4 515 200 310 1.4 1.0 1.7
85 to 89 years 135 55 75 1.1 0.9 1.2 5 5 5 1.3 3.0 2.4 330 145 185 0.9 0.8 1.0
90 to 94 years 35 10 25 0.3 0.2 0.4 5 0 0 1.3 0.0 0.0 145 45 100 0.4 0.2 0.5
95 to 99 years 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 10 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
100 years and over 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 18.8 18.9 18.7 18.8 18.9 18.7 17.3 18.2 14.3 17.3 18.2 14.3 18.0 17.7 18.2 18.0 17.7 18.2
15 to 64 years 65.2 66.2 64.2 65.2 66.2 64.2 65.3 63.6 66.7 65.3 63.6 66.7 64.8 65.6 63.9 64.8 65.6 63.9
65 years and over 16.0 14.9 17.1 16.0 14.9 17.1 18.7 18.2 16.7 18.7 18.2 16.7 17.3 16.7 17.8 17.3 16.7 17.8
85 years and over 1.5 1.2 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.9 1.3 3.0 2.4 1.3 3.0 2.4 1.4 1.0 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.7
Average age of the population 39.3 38.5 40.1 39.3 38.5 40.1 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 40.8 40.5 41.0 40.8 40.5 41.0
Median age of the population 38.0 36.8 39.2 38.0 36.8 39.2 43.6 44.8 42.8 43.6 44.8 42.8 40.8 40.4 41.2 40.8 40.4 41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 4,875 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 140 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Single-detached house 2,925 ... ... 60.0 ... ... 135 ... ... 96.4 ... ... 10,895 ... ... 71.2 ... ...
Semi-detached house 220 ... ... 4.5 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 895 ... ... 5.8 ... ...
Row house 450 ... ... 9.2 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 930 ... ... 6.1 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 340 ... ... 7.0 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 470 ... ... 3.1 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 590 ... ... 12.1 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 1,080 ... ... 7.1 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ...
Other single-attached house 50 ... ... 1.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 65 ... ... 0.4 ... ...
Movable dwelling4 305 ... ... 6.3 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 975 ... ... 6.4 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 140 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,310 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
1 person 1,445 ... ... 29.7 ... ... 30 ... ... 21.4 ... ... 4,385 ... ... 28.6 ... ...
2 persons 1,670 ... ... 34.3 ... ... 45 ... ... 32.1 ... ... 5,445 ... ... 35.6 ... ...
3 persons 685 ... ... 14.1 ... ... 25 ... ... 17.9 ... ... 2,245 ... ... 14.7 ... ...
4 persons 665 ... ... 13.7 ... ... 20 ... ... 14.3 ... ... 1,895 ... ... 12.4 ... ...
5 or more persons 405 ... ... 8.3 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 1,335 ... ... 8.7 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 11,825 5,845 5,985 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 210 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average household size 2.4 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 2.4 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data 9,760 4,845 4,915 100.0 100.0 100.0 310 135 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 31,000 15,885 15,120 100.0 100.0 100.0
Married or living common-law 5,460 2,720 2,740 55.9 56.1 55.7 175 85 85 56.5 63.0 47.2 17,355 8,705 8,655 56.0 54.8 57.2
Married 4,085 2,040 2,045 41.9 42.1 41.6 155 80 75 50.0 59.3 41.7 12,395 6,240 6,155 40.0 39.3 40.7
Living common-law 1,370 680 690 14.0 14.0 14.0 20 10 10 6.5 7.4 5.6 4,960 2,460 2,500 16.0 15.5 16.5
Living common law - Never married 1,040 515 530 10.7 10.6 10.8 10 5 5 3.2 3.7 2.8 3,895 1,930 1,960 12.6 12.1 13.0
Living common law - Separated 65 30 30 0.7 0.6 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 115 115 0.7 0.7 0.8
Living common law - Divorced 240 125 120 2.5 2.6 2.4 5 5 5 1.6 3.7 2.8 745 380 365 2.4 2.4 2.4
Living common law - Widowed 30 10 15 0.3 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 40 65 0.3 0.3 0.4
Not married and not living common-law 4,300 2,125 2,175 44.1 43.9 44.3 140 50 90 45.2 37.0 50.0 13,645 7,180 6,465 44.0 45.2 42.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married 2,910 1,675 1,230 29.8 34.6 25.0 90 35 60 29.0 25.9 33.3 9,265 5,515 3,750 29.9 34.7 24.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated 295 115 175 3.0 2.4 3.6 5 5 5 1.6 3.7 2.8 960 460 500 3.1 2.9 3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced 560 220 340 5.7 4.5 6.9 15 5 5 4.8 3.7 2.8 1,710 790 915 5.5 5.0 6.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed 535 110 425 5.5 2.3 8.6 30 0 25 9.7 0.0 13.9 1,715 415 1,305 5.5 2.6 8.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data5 3,260 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 110 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 10,625 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
2 persons 1,730 ... ... 53.1 ... ... 55 ... ... 50.0 ... ... 5,830 ... ... 54.9 ... ...
3 persons 645 ... ... 19.8 ... ... 20 ... ... 18.2 ... ... 2,185 ... ... 20.6 ... ...
4 persons 605 ... ... 18.6 ... ... 15 ... ... 13.6 ... ... 1,730 ... ... 16.3 ... ...
5 or more persons 280 ... ... 8.6 ... ... 15 ... ... 13.6 ... ... 885 ... ... 8.3 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.8 ... ... 2.8 ... ...
Average number of children in census families with children6 1.8 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 1.8 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data 3,260 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 105 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 10,625 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Total couple families 2,670 ... ... 81.9 ... ... 85 ... ... 81.0 ... ... 8,490 ... ... 79.9 ... ...
Married couples 1,980 ... ... 60.7 ... ... 80 ... ... 76.2 ... ... 6,010 ... ... 56.6 ... ...
With children6 985 ... ... 30.2 ... ... 35 ... ... 33.3 ... ... 2,815 ... ... 26.5 ... ...
Without children 995 ... ... 30.5 ... ... 40 ... ... 38.1 ... ... 3,195 ... ... 30.1 ... ...
Common-law couples 685 ... ... 21.0 ... ... 5 ... ... 4.8 ... ... 2,480 ... ... 23.3 ... ...
With children6 280 ... ... 8.6 ... ... 5 ... ... 4.8 ... ... 1,120 ... ... 10.5 ... ...
Without children 410 ... ... 12.6 ... ... 5 ... ... 4.8 ... ... 1,360 ... ... 12.8 ... ...
Total one-parent families 595 ... ... 18.3 ... ... 20 ... ... 19.0 ... ... 2,135 ... ... 20.1 ... ...
in which the parent is a woman+ 460 ... ... 14.1 ... ... 15 ... ... 14.3 ... ... 1,480 ... ... 13.9 ... ...
in which the parent is a man+ 135 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 650 ... ... 6.1 ... ...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data 11,825 5,845 5,985 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 210 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,065 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total - Persons in census families 9,330 4,575 4,760 78.9 78.3 79.5 310 145 165 82.7 87.9 78.6 30,005 15,040 14,970 80.5 78.9 82.2
Married spouses or common-law partners 5,330 2,655 2,680 45.1 45.4 44.8 170 85 85 45.3 51.5 40.5 16,985 8,470 8,515 45.6 44.4 46.8
Parents in one-parent families 595 135 455 5.0 2.3 7.6 20 5 20 5.3 3.0 9.5 2,130 655 1,480 5.7 3.4 8.1
Children6 3,405 1,790 1,620 28.8 30.6 27.1 120 60 65 32.0 36.4 31.0 10,890 5,910 4,975 29.2 31.0 27.3
In a two-parent family 2,420 1,245 1,175 20.5 21.3 19.6 80 35 40 21.3 21.2 19.0 7,505 4,000 3,505 20.1 21.0 19.3
In a one-parent family 985 540 445 8.3 9.2 7.4 40 20 20 10.7 12.1 9.5 3,385 1,910 1,475 9.1 10.0 8.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 2,490 1,265 1,225 21.1 21.6 20.5 65 20 45 17.3 12.1 21.4 7,260 4,030 3,235 19.5 21.1 17.8
Living alone 1,440 665 780 12.2 11.4 13.0 30 10 20 8.0 6.1 9.5 4,390 2,365 2,030 11.8 12.4 11.2
Living with other relatives7 365 195 175 3.1 3.3 2.9 15 5 15 4.0 3.0 7.1 1,320 700 620 3.5 3.7 3.4
Living with non-relatives only 680 410 270 5.8 7.0 4.5 20 10 15 5.3 6.1 7.1 1,555 965 590 4.2 5.1 3.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data 4,875 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 140 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
One-census-family households without additional persons 2,805 ... ... 57.5 ... ... 85 ... ... 60.7 ... ... 8,925 ... ... 58.3 ... ...
Couple-family households 2,370 ... ... 48.6 ... ... 70 ... ... 50.0 ... ... 7,490 ... ... 48.9 ... ...
With children6 1,120 ... ... 23.0 ... ... 35 ... ... 25.0 ... ... 3,435 ... ... 22.4 ... ...
Without children 1,245 ... ... 25.5 ... ... 35 ... ... 25.0 ... ... 4,050 ... ... 26.5 ... ...
One-parent-family households 435 ... ... 8.9 ... ... 10 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 1,440 ... ... 9.4 ... ...
Multigenerational households8 105 ... ... 2.2 ... ... 10 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 525 ... ... 3.4 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households9 25 ... ... 0.5 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 90 ... ... 0.6 ... ...
One-census-family households with additional persons9 230 ... ... 4.7 ... ... 10 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 665 ... ... 4.3 ... ...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households 265 ... ... 5.4 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 710 ... ... 4.6 ... ...
One-person households 1,440 ... ... 29.5 ... ... 30 ... ... 21.4 ... ... 4,390 ... ... 28.7 ... ...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data10 9,565 4,715 4,850 100.0 100.0 100.0 315 135 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,840 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 9,315 4,615 4,705 97.4 97.9 97.0 305 135 170 96.8 100.0 94.4 29,565 15,235 14,330 97.0 97.4 96.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 45,200 53,200 39,600 45,200 53,200 39,600 49,600 63,200 39,200 49,600 63,200 39,200 42,000 50,000 36,800 42,000 50,000 36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 9,320 4,615 4,710 97.4 97.9 97.1 305 135 170 96.8 100.0 94.4 29,580 15,245 14,335 97.0 97.4 96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 40,800 47,200 36,800 40,800 47,200 36,800 44,000 54,400 37,200 44,000 54,400 37,200 38,800 45,200 34,000 38,800 45,200 34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 8,405 4,235 4,175 87.9 89.8 86.1 285 130 160 90.5 96.3 88.9 25,285 13,225 12,060 82.9 84.5 81.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 40,000 50,800 32,000 40,000 50,800 32,000 42,000 62,000 32,400 42,000 62,000 32,400 38,400 48,400 30,200 38,400 48,400 30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 7,020 3,660 3,360 73.4 77.6 69.3 230 110 125 73.0 81.5 69.4 21,595 11,625 9,965 70.8 74.3 67.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 44,000 55,600 35,200 44,000 55,600 35,200 46,400 62,000 38,800 46,400 62,000 38,800 40,000 50,400 32,800 40,000 50,400 32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 7,490 3,445 4,045 78.3 73.1 83.4 240 95 145 76.2 70.4 80.6 24,275 11,810 12,460 79.6 75.5 84.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 9,500 8,000 10,800 9,500 8,000 10,800 9,300 8,500 10,300 9,300 8,500 10,300 10,400 9,600 10,900 10,400 9,600 10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 940 440 495 9.8 9.3 10.2 10 5 5 3.2 3.7 2.8 3,755 1,975 1,780 12.3 12.6 12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 5,600 5,640 5,480 5,600 5,640 5,480 x x x x x x 5,960 6,160 5,520 5,960 6,160 5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 2,060 935 1,125 21.5 19.8 23.2 60 20 45 19.0 14.8 25.0 7,005 3,340 3,670 23.0 21.3 24.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 7,000 6,500 7,500 7,000 6,500 7,500 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data11 9,630 4,725 4,900 100.0 100.0 100.0 320 145 175 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 9,360 4,600 4,760 97.2 97.4 97.1 310 140 170 96.9 96.6 97.1 29,535 15,180 14,360 96.9 97.0 96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 54,400 63,400 45,720 54,400 63,400 45,720 51,200 58,000 46,400 51,200 58,000 46,400 52,900 61,550 43,800 52,900 61,550 43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 9,360 4,600 4,760 97.2 97.4 97.1 310 140 170 96.9 96.6 97.1 29,550 15,190 14,365 96.9 97.1 96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 46,880 53,500 40,480 46,880 53,500 40,480 44,800 50,000 40,800 44,800 50,000 40,800 45,360 51,600 38,720 45,360 51,600 38,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 8,535 4,230 4,305 88.6 89.5 87.9 300 130 165 93.8 89.7 94.3 25,375 13,185 12,190 83.2 84.3 82.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 49,960 60,400 39,680 49,960 60,400 39,680 44,400 51,000 38,800 44,400 51,000 38,800 50,360 60,650 39,280 50,360 60,650 39,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 7,090 3,645 3,445 73.6 77.1 70.3 230 115 115 71.9 79.3 65.7 21,595 11,565 10,030 70.8 73.9 67.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 51,800 61,500 41,560 51,800 61,500 41,560 47,200 48,000 47,000 47,200 48,000 47,000 51,080 60,050 40,720 51,080 60,050 40,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 7,570 3,470 4,100 78.6 73.4 83.7 250 105 145 78.1 72.4 82.9 24,230 11,705 12,525 79.5 74.8 84.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 10,980 10,450 11,430 10,980 10,450 11,430 11,000 10,800 11,200 11,000 10,800 11,200 11,750 11,480 12,000 11,750 11,480 12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 865 435 430 9.0 9.2 8.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,655 1,970 1,680 12.0 12.6 11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 7,620 6,960 8,280 7,620 6,960 8,280 ... ... ... ... ... ... 7,080 7,360 6,750 7,080 7,360 6,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 2,075 945 1,125 21.5 20.0 23.0 80 30 50 25.0 20.7 28.6 6,965 3,305 3,660 22.8 21.1 24.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 7,770 7,740 7,780 7,770 7,740 7,780 7,100 7,600 6,800 7,100 7,600 6,800 8,540 8,560 8,520 8,540 8,560 8,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data12 9,630 4,720 4,905 100.0 100.0 100.0 320 140 175 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 3,265 1,870 1,395 33.9 39.6 28.4 85 35 50 26.6 25.0 28.6 9,670 5,485 4,185 31.7 35.1 28.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 71,000 78,500 56,400 71,000 78,500 56,400 77,000 77,500 73,500 77,000 77,500 73,500 67,000 79,500 54,400 67,000 79,500 54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 73,700 81,600 63,150 73,700 81,600 63,150 70,000 72,000 68,000 70,000 72,000 68,000 75,300 85,100 62,400 75,300 85,100 62,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 3,090 1,445 1,645 32.1 30.6 33.5 115 60 60 35.9 42.9 34.3 8,465 4,220 4,245 27.8 27.0 28.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 24,400 28,200 21,800 24,400 28,200 21,800 30,200 14,100 31,000 30,200 14,100 31,000 24,000 27,400 21,600 24,000 27,400 21,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 36,800 44,480 30,040 36,800 44,480 30,040 37,000 39,000 35,000 37,000 39,000 35,000 36,280 44,480 28,120 36,280 44,480 28,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data17 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)18 83.6 87.6 78.4 83.6 87.6 78.4 82.0 88.0 79.0 82.0 88.0 79.0 81.8 85.6 76.0 81.8 85.6 76.0
Employment income (%)19 72.2 76.8 65.8 72.2 76.8 65.8 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 70.6 74.4 65.0 70.6 74.4 65.0
Government transfers (%)20 16.3 12.4 21.6 16.3 12.4 21.6 17.2 14.0 21.0 17.2 14.0 21.0 18.2 14.4 23.9 18.2 14.4 23.9
Employment insurance benefits (%) 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.6 x x x x x x 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%) 4.2 3.2 5.5 4.2 3.2 5.5 4.5 3.6 5.4 4.5 3.6 5.4 4.9 3.8 6.6 4.9 3.8 6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%) 3.2 2.5 4.0 3.2 2.5 4.0 3.6 2.8 4.0 3.6 2.8 4.0 3.8 3.0 5.0 3.8 3.0 5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data21 9,565 4,715 4,850 100.0 100.0 100.0 310 135 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,650 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Without total income 250 105 145 2.6 2.2 3.0 5 0 5 1.6 0.0 2.8 925 415 510 3.0 2.7 3.4
With total income 9,320 4,610 4,710 97.4 97.8 97.1 305 130 175 98.4 96.3 97.2 29,570 15,235 14,330 97.0 97.3 96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss) 725 315 410 7.8 6.8 8.7 20 10 15 6.6 7.7 8.6 2,985 1,360 1,625 10.1 8.9 11.3
$10,000 to $19,999 955 400 560 10.2 8.7 11.9 40 10 30 13.1 7.7 17.1 3,370 1,475 1,900 11.4 9.7 13.3
$20,000 to $29,999 1,270 530 745 13.6 11.5 15.8 35 15 20 11.5 11.5 11.4 4,090 1,830 2,260 13.8 12.0 15.8
$30,000 to $39,999 1,170 510 660 12.6 11.1 14.0 35 5 25 11.5 3.8 14.3 3,595 1,590 2,010 12.2 10.4 14.0
$40,000 to $49,999 1,035 420 620 11.1 9.1 13.2 25 5 20 8.2 3.8 11.4 3,170 1,365 1,805 10.7 9.0 12.6
$50,000 to $59,999 900 395 505 9.7 8.6 10.7 35 15 20 11.5 11.5 11.4 2,685 1,280 1,400 9.1 8.4 9.8
$60,000 to $69,999 675 340 330 7.2 7.4 7.0 20 10 10 6.6 7.7 5.7 2,030 1,075 955 6.9 7.1 6.7
$70,000 to $79,999 535 300 240 5.7 6.5 5.1 20 10 15 6.6 7.7 8.6 1,525 880 645 5.2 5.8 4.5
$80,000 to $89,999 475 285 190 5.1 6.2 4.0 10 5 5 3.3 3.8 2.9 1,260 780 475 4.3 5.1 3.3
$90,000 to $99,999 365 225 145 3.9 4.9 3.1 20 10 10 6.6 7.7 5.7 1,035 690 345 3.5 4.5 2.4
$100,000 and over 1,200 895 310 12.9 19.4 6.6 45 35 15 14.8 26.9 8.6 3,815 2,915 895 12.9 19.1 6.2
$100,000 to $149,999 900 650 255 9.7 14.1 5.4 35 25 15 11.5 19.2 8.6 2,840 2,110 735 9.6 13.8 5.1
$150,000 and over 300 245 50 3.2 5.3 1.1 10 10 0 3.3 7.7 0.0 970 800 165 3.3 5.3 1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data22 9,565 4,715 4,850 100.0 100.0 100.0 310 135 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,650 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Without after-tax income 245 100 140 2.6 2.1 2.9 5 0 5 1.6 0.0 2.8 910 405 500 3.0 2.6 3.4
With after-tax income 9,325 4,610 4,710 97.5 97.8 97.1 305 130 175 98.4 96.3 97.2 29,585 15,240 14,340 97.0 97.4 96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss) 750 320 430 8.0 6.9 9.1 25 10 15 8.2 7.7 8.6 3,065 1,385 1,680 10.4 9.1 11.7
$10,000 to $19,999 985 410 570 10.6 8.9 12.1 35 10 30 11.5 7.7 17.1 3,450 1,505 1,940 11.7 9.9 13.5
$20,000 to $29,999 1,455 610 845 15.6 13.2 17.9 40 15 25 13.1 11.5 14.3 4,635 2,085 2,550 15.7 13.7 17.8
$30,000 to $39,999 1,345 565 785 14.4 12.3 16.7 30 5 25 9.8 3.8 14.3 4,055 1,775 2,280 13.7 11.6 15.9
$40,000 to $49,999 1,240 535 705 13.3 11.6 15.0 35 15 20 11.5 11.5 11.4 3,680 1,675 2,000 12.4 11.0 13.9
$50,000 to $59,999 920 460 465 9.9 10.0 9.9 30 15 15 9.8 11.5 8.6 2,830 1,470 1,365 9.6 9.6 9.5
$60,000 to $69,999 735 420 310 7.9 9.1 6.6 25 15 10 8.2 11.5 5.7 2,105 1,240 870 7.1 8.1 6.1
$70,000 to $79,999 575 340 235 6.2 7.4 5.0 25 10 15 8.2 7.7 8.6 1,535 980 560 5.2 6.4 3.9
$80,000 to $89,999 430 285 145 4.6 6.2 3.1 25 15 5 8.2 11.5 2.9 1,335 920 420 4.5 6.0 2.9
$90,000 to $99,999 315 225 85 3.4 4.9 1.8 10 5 0 3.3 3.8 0.0 925 680 240 3.1 4.5 1.7
$100,000 and over 575 445 135 6.2 9.7 2.9 25 20 5 8.2 15.4 2.9 1,965 1,535 430 6.6 10.1 3.0
$100,000 to $124,999 380 280 95 4.1 6.1 2.0 15 10 5 4.9 7.7 2.9 1,305 1,005 300 4.4 6.6 2.1
$125,000 and over 200 160 40 2.1 3.5 0.8 5 5 0 1.6 3.8 0.0 655 525 130 2.2 3.4 0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data19 9,565 4,715 4,850 100.0 100.0 100.0 310 135 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,650 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Without employment income 2,550 1,055 1,490 26.7 22.4 30.7 80 25 60 25.8 18.5 33.3 8,895 4,025 4,875 29.2 25.7 32.8
With employment income 7,015 3,660 3,360 73.3 77.6 69.3 230 105 125 74.2 77.8 69.4 21,595 11,630 9,970 70.8 74.3 67.2
Under $5,000 (including loss) 740 340 400 10.5 9.3 11.9 25 15 15 10.9 14.3 12.0 2,935 1,555 1,375 13.6 13.4 13.8
$5,000 to $9,999 445 185 265 6.3 5.1 7.9 20 0 15 8.7 0.0 12.0 1,405 590 810 6.5 5.1 8.1
$10,000 to $19,999 780 325 450 11.1 8.9 13.4 30 10 20 13.0 9.5 16.0 2,455 1,105 1,345 11.4 9.5 13.5
$20,000 to $29,999 635 285 345 9.1 7.8 10.3 15 5 10 6.5 4.8 8.0 2,015 900 1,115 9.3 7.7 11.2
$30,000 to $39,999 660 295 365 9.4 8.1 10.9 20 5 15 8.7 4.8 12.0 1,980 870 1,110 9.2 7.5 11.1
$40,000 to $49,999 620 250 375 8.8 6.8 11.2 20 5 10 8.7 4.8 8.0 1,785 740 1,045 8.3 6.4 10.5
$50,000 to $59,999 590 275 320 8.4 7.5 9.5 20 5 10 8.7 4.8 8.0 1,620 755 865 7.5 6.5 8.7
$60,000 to $69,999 465 255 210 6.6 7.0 6.3 15 10 5 6.5 9.5 4.0 1,345 725 620 6.2 6.2 6.2
$70,000 to $79,999 445 270 175 6.3 7.4 5.2 10 5 5 4.3 4.8 4.0 1,115 675 440 5.2 5.8 4.4
$80,000 to $89,999 370 240 130 5.3 6.6 3.9 10 5 5 4.3 4.8 4.0 980 655 325 4.5 5.6 3.3
$90,000 to $99,999 285 175 110 4.1 4.8 3.3 15 10 5 6.5 9.5 4.0 820 540 285 3.8 4.6 2.9
$100,000 and over 975 765 210 13.9 20.9 6.3 40 30 5 17.4 28.6 4.0 3,145 2,515 630 14.6 21.6 6.3
$100,000 to $124,999 545 400 140 7.8 10.9 4.2 20 15 5 8.7 14.3 4.0 1,600 1,215 385 7.4 10.4 3.9
$125,000 and over 435 365 70 6.2 10.0 2.1 15 15 0 6.5 14.3 0.0 1,545 1,295 245 7.2 11.1 2.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data23 9,565 4,715 4,850 100.0 100.0 100.0 315 135 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,840 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 9,100 4,490 4,610 95.1 95.2 95.1 295 130 165 93.7 96.3 91.7 28,790 14,795 13,995 94.4 94.6 94.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 42,400 52,000 36,400 42,400 52,000 36,400 46,000 62,000 36,400 46,000 62,000 36,400 39,600 49,200 33,200 39,600 49,200 33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 9,115 4,490 4,625 95.3 95.2 95.4 295 130 165 93.7 96.3 91.7 28,885 14,810 14,070 94.7 94.7 94.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 38,000 45,600 33,200 38,000 45,600 33,200 40,800 54,400 35,200 40,800 54,400 35,200 36,000 43,600 30,600 36,000 43,600 30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 8,305 4,170 4,130 86.8 88.4 85.2 280 125 155 88.9 92.6 86.1 25,155 13,160 11,995 82.5 84.1 80.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 39,200 50,800 31,800 39,200 50,800 31,800 40,800 60,000 34,000 40,800 60,000 34,000 38,000 48,400 30,200 38,000 48,400 30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 7,170 3,685 3,480 75.0 78.2 71.8 235 105 130 74.6 77.8 72.2 22,055 11,785 10,270 72.3 75.3 69.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 41,200 54,000 33,200 41,200 54,000 33,200 44,000 58,800 34,000 44,000 58,800 34,000 38,400 49,600 31,200 38,400 49,600 31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 6,140 2,625 3,515 64.2 55.7 72.5 190 70 120 60.3 51.9 66.7 20,285 9,455 10,830 66.5 60.4 73.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 7,550 6,500 8,000 7,550 6,500 8,000 7,800 4,040 7,900 7,800 4,040 7,900 8,000 7,850 8,100 8,000 7,850 8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data 835 385 445 8.7 8.2 9.2 15 5 5 4.8 3.7 2.8 3,365 1,810 1,555 11.0 11.6 10.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 5,320 4,800 5,760 5,320 4,800 5,760 x x x x x x 5,760 5,800 5,640 5,760 5,800 5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data24 9,630 4,725 4,900 100.0 100.0 100.0 320 145 175 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 9,100 4,465 4,640 94.5 94.5 94.7 305 130 170 95.3 89.7 97.1 28,725 14,725 14,000 94.2 94.1 94.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 52,400 61,450 43,680 52,400 61,450 43,680 51,600 59,000 46,400 51,600 59,000 46,400 50,520 59,400 41,160 50,520 59,400 41,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 9,125 4,465 4,665 94.8 94.5 95.2 305 130 170 95.3 89.7 97.1 28,810 14,740 14,070 94.5 94.2 94.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 44,400 51,250 37,840 44,400 51,250 37,840 44,400 51,000 40,000 44,400 51,000 40,000 42,680 49,360 35,720 42,680 49,360 35,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 8,340 4,145 4,190 86.6 87.7 85.5 285 125 165 89.1 86.2 94.3 25,090 13,080 12,005 82.3 83.6 80.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 50,160 60,100 40,360 50,160 60,100 40,360 46,400 53,000 41,200 46,400 53,000 41,200 50,000 59,800 39,320 50,000 59,800 39,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 7,145 3,640 3,505 74.2 77.0 71.5 240 105 135 75.0 72.4 77.1 21,905 11,670 10,235 71.8 74.6 68.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 50,760 61,100 40,000 50,760 61,100 40,000 45,600 51,000 41,000 45,600 51,000 41,000 49,880 59,150 39,360 49,880 59,150 39,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 6,095 2,600 3,495 63.3 55.0 71.3 205 75 125 64.1 51.7 71.4 20,200 9,370 10,835 66.3 59.9 73.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 9,560 9,550 9,570 9,560 9,550 9,570 10,900 12,800 9,600 10,900 12,800 9,600 9,730 9,860 9,630 9,730 9,860 9,630
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 755 335 420 7.8 7.1 8.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,270 1,785 1,480 10.7 11.4 10.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 7,740 6,880 8,440 7,740 6,880 8,440 ... ... ... ... ... ... 7,280 7,120 7,480 7,280 7,120 7,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data25 9,630 4,720 4,905 100.0 100.0 100.0 320 140 175 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 3,225 1,855 1,375 33.5 39.3 28.0 85 35 50 26.6 25.0 28.6 9,580 5,440 4,135 31.4 34.8 27.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 64,000 73,500 52,000 64,000 73,500 52,000 72,500 72,500 69,000 72,500 72,500 69,000 62,000 75,000 50,000 62,000 75,000 50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 68,700 77,400 56,900 68,700 77,400 56,900 63,000 64,000 64,000 63,000 64,000 64,000 70,800 80,500 57,950 70,800 80,500 57,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 2,905 1,360 1,545 30.2 28.8 31.5 105 50 60 32.8 35.7 34.3 7,955 3,980 3,980 26.1 25.4 26.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 29,400 35,600 26,200 29,400 35,600 26,200 30,000 15,800 36,400 30,000 15,800 36,400 29,000 34,400 25,200 29,000 34,400 25,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 41,400 50,440 33,480 41,400 50,440 33,480 48,000 54,000 42,000 48,000 54,000 42,000 40,480 49,600 31,360 40,480 49,600 31,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%) 87.8 91.0 83.6 87.8 91.0 83.6 86.0 88.0 84.0 86.0 88.0 84.0 86.4 89.4 81.8 86.4 89.4 81.8
Employment income (%) 76.2 81.2 69.2 76.2 81.2 69.2 70.0 72.0 70.0 70.0 72.0 70.0 75.4 78.8 70.0 75.4 78.8 70.0
Government transfers (%) 12.2 9.1 16.5 12.2 9.1 16.5 14.4 14.0 15.2 14.4 14.0 15.2 13.6 10.6 18.1 13.6 10.6 18.1
Employment insurance benefits (%) 1.2 0.8 1.7 1.2 0.8 1.7 x x x x x x 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data26 4,870 ... ... ... ... ... 140 ... ... ... ... ... 15,310 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($) 90,000 ... ... 90,000 ... ... 119,000 ... ... 119,000 ... ... 87,000 ... ... 87,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 80,000 ... ... 80,000 ... ... 101,000 ... ... 101,000 ... ... 77,000 ... ... 77,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data 1,440 ... ... ... ... ... 30 ... ... ... ... ... 4,390 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 42,800 ... ... 42,800 ... ... 57,600 ... ... 57,600 ... ... 44,400 ... ... 44,400 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 39,200 ... ... 39,200 ... ... 49,600 ... ... 49,600 ... ... 40,400 ... ... 40,400 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data 3,435 ... ... ... ... ... 110 ... ... ... ... ... 10,915 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 116,000 ... ... 116,000 ... ... 137,000 ... ... 137,000 ... ... 108,000 ... ... 108,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 101,000 ... ... 101,000 ... ... 115,000 ... ... 115,000 ... ... 96,000 ... ... 96,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data27 4,875 ... ... ... ... ... 145 ... ... ... ... ... 15,305 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($) 104,500 ... ... 104,500 ... ... 110,000 ... ... 110,000 ... ... 102,100 ... ... 102,100 ... ...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 90,000 ... ... 90,000 ... ... 96,000 ... ... 96,000 ... ... 87,600 ... ... 87,600 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data 1,440 ... ... ... ... ... 45 ... ... ... ... ... 4,370 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 51,040 ... ... 51,040 ... ... 56,000 ... ... 56,000 ... ... 57,450 ... ... 57,450 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 44,200 ... ... 44,200 ... ... 48,000 ... ... 48,000 ... ... 48,080 ... ... 48,080 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data 3,435 ... ... ... ... ... 105 ... ... ... ... ... 10,930 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 126,900 ... ... 126,900 ... ... 134,000 ... ... 134,000 ... ... 119,900 ... ... 119,900 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 109,200 ... ... 109,200 ... ... 116,000 ... ... 116,000 ... ... 103,300 ... ... 103,300 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data21 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 140 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Under $5,000 35 ... ... 0.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 195 ... ... 1.3 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 25 ... ... 0.5 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 95 ... ... 0.6 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 35 ... ... 0.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 150 ... ... 1.0 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 125 ... ... 2.6 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 340 ... ... 2.2 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 185 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 565 ... ... 3.7 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 140 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 435 ... ... 2.8 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 135 ... ... 2.8 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 500 ... ... 3.3 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 140 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 505 ... ... 3.3 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 190 ... ... 3.9 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 570 ... ... 3.7 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 170 ... ... 3.5 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 570 ... ... 3.7 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 345 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 1,125 ... ... 7.4 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 325 ... ... 6.7 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 1,050 ... ... 6.9 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 275 ... ... 5.6 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 945 ... ... 6.2 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 295 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 10 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 925 ... ... 6.0 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 270 ... ... 5.5 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 835 ... ... 5.5 ... ...
$100,000 and over 2,175 ... ... 44.7 ... ... 85 ... ... 60.7 ... ... 6,505 ... ... 42.5 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 570 ... ... 11.7 ... ... 20 ... ... 14.3 ... ... 1,800 ... ... 11.8 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 500 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 20 ... ... 14.3 ... ... 1,475 ... ... 9.6 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 645 ... ... 13.2 ... ... 20 ... ... 14.3 ... ... 1,850 ... ... 12.1 ... ...
$200,000 and over 465 ... ... 9.5 ... ... 20 ... ... 14.3 ... ... 1,380 ... ... 9.0 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data22 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 140 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Under $5,000 40 ... ... 0.8 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 210 ... ... 1.4 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 25 ... ... 0.5 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 95 ... ... 0.6 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 45 ... ... 0.9 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 165 ... ... 1.1 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 120 ... ... 2.5 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 335 ... ... 2.2 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 190 ... ... 3.9 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 575 ... ... 3.8 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 170 ... ... 3.5 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 520 ... ... 3.4 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 155 ... ... 3.2 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 540 ... ... 3.5 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 185 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 610 ... ... 4.0 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 195 ... ... 4.0 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 635 ... ... 4.1 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 215 ... ... 4.4 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 670 ... ... 4.4 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 385 ... ... 7.9 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 1,275 ... ... 8.3 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 380 ... ... 7.8 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 1,230 ... ... 8.0 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 325 ... ... 6.7 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 1,095 ... ... 7.2 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 345 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 10 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 1,060 ... ... 6.9 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 290 ... ... 6.0 ... ... 5 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 905 ... ... 5.9 ... ...
$100,000 and over 1,810 ... ... 37.2 ... ... 75 ... ... 53.6 ... ... 5,380 ... ... 35.2 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 655 ... ... 13.4 ... ... 30 ... ... 21.4 ... ... 2,025 ... ... 13.2 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 505 ... ... 10.4 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 1,370 ... ... 9.0 ... ...
$150,000 and over 645 ... ... 13.2 ... ... 30 ... ... 21.4 ... ... 1,985 ... ... 13.0 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data28 3,230 ... ... ... ... ... 100 ... ... ... ... ... 10,435 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 114,000 ... ... 114,000 ... ... 133,000 ... ... 133,000 ... ... 106,000 ... ... 106,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 99,000 ... ... 99,000 ... ... 114,000 ... ... 114,000 ... ... 94,000 ... ... 94,000 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 3.0 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 3.2 ... ... 3.2 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data 1,290 ... ... ... ... ... 35 ... ... ... ... ... 4,165 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 102,000 ... ... 102,000 ... ... 119,000 ... ... 119,000 ... ... 97,000 ... ... 97,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 89,000 ... ... 89,000 ... ... 99,000 ... ... 99,000 ... ... 86,000 ... ... 86,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-only economic families 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data 1,280 ... ... ... ... ... 45 ... ... ... ... ... 3,990 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 143,000 ... ... 143,000 ... ... 176,000 ... ... 176,000 ... ... 138,000 ... ... 138,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 123,000 ... ... 123,000 ... ... 145,000 ... ... 145,000 ... ... 119,000 ... ... 119,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 535 ... ... ... ... ... 15 ... ... ... ... ... 1,860 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 68,500 ... ... 68,500 ... ... x ... ... x ... ... 66,000 ... ... 66,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 64,500 ... ... 64,500 ... ... x ... ... x ... ... 62,000 ... ... 62,000 ... ...
Average family size of one-parent economic families 2.8 ... ... 2.8 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data29 2,125 1,070 1,050 ... ... ... 50 15 35 ... ... ... 5,945 3,325 2,615 ... ... ...
Median total income in 2020 ($)30 40,800 43,600 38,800 40,800 43,600 38,800 54,000 x 46,800 54,000 x 46,800 42,000 45,200 39,200 42,000 45,200 39,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 37,600 39,600 36,000 37,600 39,600 36,000 47,600 x 43,600 47,600 x 43,600 38,400 40,400 36,000 38,400 40,400 36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data31 3,240 ... ... ... ... ... 100 ... ... ... ... ... 10,475 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 124,700 ... ... 124,700 ... ... 126,000 ... ... 126,000 ... ... 118,800 ... ... 118,800 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 107,100 ... ... 107,100 ... ... 110,000 ... ... 110,000 ... ... 102,200 ... ... 102,200 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data 1,325 ... ... ... ... ... 50 ... ... ... ... ... 4,230 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 116,200 ... ... 116,200 ... ... 104,000 ... ... 104,000 ... ... 111,500 ... ... 111,500 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 99,000 ... ... 99,000 ... ... 92,000 ... ... 92,000 ... ... 95,000 ... ... 95,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data 1,295 ... ... ... ... ... 30 ... ... ... ... ... 3,995 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 150,000 ... ... 150,000 ... ... 200,000 ... ... 200,000 ... ... 145,400 ... ... 145,400 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 128,400 ... ... 128,400 ... ... 180,000 ... ... 180,000 ... ... 124,700 ... ... 124,700 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 525 ... ... ... ... ... 20 ... ... ... ... ... 1,860 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 82,000 ... ... 82,000 ... ... 70,000 ... ... 70,000 ... ... 80,600 ... ... 80,600 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 73,600 ... ... 73,600 ... ... 70,000 ... ... 70,000 ... ... 72,200 ... ... 72,200 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data32 2,180 1,135 1,040 ... ... ... 60 20 45 ... ... ... 5,960 3,315 2,640 ... ... ...
Average total income in 2020 ($)30 48,120 50,300 45,700 48,120 50,300 45,700 58,000 45,000 64,000 58,000 45,000 64,000 53,500 56,500 49,760 53,500 56,500 49,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 41,960 43,300 40,500 41,960 43,300 40,500 52,000 40,000 54,000 52,000 40,000 54,000 45,320 47,600 42,440 45,320 47,600 42,440
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data33 11,825 5,840 5,980 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 210 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,070 18,200 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 17 years 2,695 1,355 1,335 22.8 23.2 22.3 85 35 50 22.7 21.2 23.8 8,130 4,115 4,015 21.8 21.6 22.1
0 to 5 years 900 440 460 7.6 7.5 7.7 20 15 10 5.3 9.1 4.8 2,535 1,260 1,275 6.8 6.6 7.0
18 to 64 years 7,235 3,610 3,620 61.2 61.8 60.5 220 95 120 58.7 57.6 57.1 22,865 11,775 11,095 61.3 61.7 61.0
65 years and over 1,895 875 1,025 16.0 15.0 17.1 70 30 40 18.7 18.2 19.0 6,275 3,180 3,095 16.8 16.7 17.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 1,105 500 605 ... ... ... 10 5 10 ... ... ... 4,445 2,235 2,210 ... ... ...
0 to 17 years 310 160 155 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 1,220 635 590 ... ... ...
0 to 5 years 95 45 45 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 385 190 195 ... ... ...
18 to 64 years 535 250 285 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 2,300 1,160 1,135 ... ... ...
65 years and over 260 90 165 ... ... ... 10 5 5 ... ... ... 925 435 490 ... ... ...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 9.3 8.6 10.1 9.3 8.6 10.1 2.8 x 4.0 2.8 x 4.0 11.9 11.7 12.2 11.9 11.7 12.2
0 to 17 years (%) 11.5 11.8 11.2 11.5 11.8 11.2 x x x x x x 15.0 15.5 14.6 15.0 15.5 14.6
0 to 5 years (%) 10.2 10.4 10.0 10.2 10.4 10.0 x x x x x x 15.2 15.0 15.5 15.2 15.0 15.5
18 to 64 years (%) 7.4 6.9 7.9 7.4 6.9 7.9 x x x x x x 10.1 9.9 10.2 10.1 9.9 10.2
65 years and over (%) 13.6 10.4 16.4 13.6 10.4 16.4 12.0 x 16.0 12.0 x 16.0 14.7 13.6 15.8 14.7 13.6 15.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data33 11,825 5,845 5,985 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 215 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,125 15,320 14,805 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 17 years 2,695 1,360 1,335 22.8 23.3 22.3 85 35 50 22.7 21.2 23.3 6,295 3,175 3,120 20.9 20.7 21.1
0 to 5 years 900 440 455 7.6 7.5 7.6 20 10 10 5.3 6.1 4.7 2,040 1,010 1,030 6.8 6.6 7.0
18 to 64 years 7,230 3,610 3,620 61.1 61.8 60.5 220 100 125 58.7 60.6 58.1 18,650 9,550 9,100 61.9 62.3 61.5
65 years and over 1,900 875 1,020 16.1 15.0 17.0 70 30 40 18.7 18.2 18.6 5,180 2,600 2,580 17.2 17.0 17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 300 145 150 ... ... ... 5 0 0 ... ... ... 735 370 370 ... ... ...
0 to 17 years 60 35 30 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 150 75 80 ... ... ...
0 to 5 years 15 5 10 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 40 20 25 ... ... ...
18 to 64 years 205 105 100 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 520 270 250 ... ... ...
65 years and over 30 10 20 ... ... ... 0 0 0 ... ... ... 65 20 40 ... ... ...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 x x x x x x 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5
0 to 17 years (%) 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 x x x x x x 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.6
0 to 5 years (%) 1.6 1.2 2.0 1.6 1.2 2.0 x x x x x x 1.9 1.6 2.2 1.9 1.6 2.2
18 to 64 years (%) 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 x x x x x x 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7
65 years and over (%) 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 x x x x x x 1.2 0.8 1.7 1.2 0.8 1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data34The letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice. 11,825 5,845 5,985 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 210 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,070 18,200 100.0 100.0 100.0
In bottom half of the distribution 5,490 2,605 2,885 46.4 44.6 48.2 115 45 75 30.7 27.3 35.7 18,220 9,085 9,135 48.9 47.6 50.2
In bottom decile 1,060 495 565 9.0 8.5 9.4 15 0 10 4.0 0.0 4.8 4,070 2,060 2,005 10.9 10.8 11.0
In second decile 1,160 540 620 9.8 9.2 10.4 25 10 20 6.7 6.1 9.5 3,655 1,775 1,880 9.8 9.3 10.3
In third decile 1,050 495 560 8.9 8.5 9.4 20 5 15 5.3 3.0 7.1 3,500 1,720 1,775 9.4 9.0 9.8
In fourth decile 1,055 495 555 8.9 8.5 9.3 20 5 10 5.3 3.0 4.8 3,275 1,620 1,655 8.8 8.5 9.1
In fifth decile 1,160 580 580 9.8 9.9 9.7 35 15 20 9.3 9.1 9.5 3,720 1,910 1,810 10.0 10.0 9.9
In top half of the distribution 6,335 3,240 3,095 53.6 55.4 51.7 260 125 140 69.3 75.8 66.7 19,050 9,980 9,065 51.1 52.3 49.8
In sixth decile 1,045 510 530 8.8 8.7 8.9 25 10 15 6.7 6.1 7.1 3,335 1,695 1,635 8.9 8.9 9.0
In seventh decile 1,270 645 620 10.7 11.0 10.4 70 30 40 18.7 18.2 19.0 3,720 1,940 1,780 10.0 10.2 9.8
In eighth decile 1,300 635 660 11.0 10.9 11.0 55 20 30 14.7 12.1 14.3 3,960 2,045 1,915 10.6 10.7 10.5
In ninth decile 1,490 795 700 12.6 13.6 11.7 65 35 35 17.3 21.2 16.7 4,150 2,195 1,950 11.1 11.5 10.7
In top decile 1,235 650 580 10.4 11.1 9.7 45 20 20 12.0 12.1 9.5 3,890 2,100 1,790 10.4 11.0 9.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data35 11,825 ... ... 11,825 ... ... 375 ... ... 375 ... ... 37,270 ... ... 37,270 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household total income 0.300 ... ... 0.300 ... ... 0.242 ... ... 0.242 ... ... 0.322 ... ... 0.322 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household market income 0.399 ... ... 0.399 ... ... 0.322 ... ... 0.322 ... ... 0.440 ... ... 0.440 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income 0.268 ... ... 0.268 ... ... 0.222 ... ... 0.222 ... ... 0.287 ... ... 0.287 ... ...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income 3.6 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 3.1 ... ... 3.1 ... ... 4.0 ... ... 4.0 ... ...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data36 11,875 5,875 6,005 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 215 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,415 19,145 18,270 100.0 100.0 100.0
English only 11,045 5,485 5,560 93.0 93.4 92.6 350 150 200 93.3 90.9 93.0 35,210 18,080 17,135 94.1 94.4 93.8
French only 10 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
English and French 745 355 390 6.3 6.0 6.5 20 10 10 5.3 6.1 4.7 2,045 1,005 1,040 5.5 5.2 5.7
Neither English nor French 75 30 50 0.6 0.5 0.8 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 130 45 85 0.3 0.2 0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data37 11,875 5,875 6,005 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 215 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,415 19,145 18,270 100.0 100.0 100.0
English 11,595 5,740 5,855 97.6 97.7 97.5 365 155 205 97.3 93.9 95.3 36,595 18,710 17,885 97.8 97.7 97.9
French 180 100 85 1.5 1.7 1.4 5 0 0 1.3 0.0 0.0 615 350 265 1.6 1.8 1.5
English and French 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 35 40 0.2 0.2 0.2
Neither English nor French 75 30 45 0.6 0.5 0.7 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 125 45 80 0.3 0.2 0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data38 11,875 5,875 6,005 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 215 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,415 19,145 18,270 100.0 100.0 100.0
Single responses 11,480 5,690 5,790 96.7 96.9 96.4 365 165 205 97.3 100.0 95.3 35,980 18,410 17,575 96.2 96.2 96.2
Official languages 10,060 5,005 5,060 84.7 85.2 84.3 300 130 165 80.0 78.8 76.7 32,005 16,445 15,560 85.5 85.9 85.2
English 9,850 4,890 4,960 82.9 83.2 82.6 290 130 165 77.3 78.8 76.7 31,345 16,075 15,270 83.8 84.0 83.6
French 210 110 105 1.8 1.9 1.7 5 5 0 1.3 3.0 0.0 660 370 285 1.8 1.9 1.6
Non-official languages 1,420 690 735 12.0 11.7 12.2 65 30 35 17.3 18.2 16.3 3,975 1,960 2,010 10.6 10.2 11.0
Indigenous languages39 70 35 30 0.6 0.6 0.5 5 5 5 1.3 3.0 2.3 1,030 535 495 2.8 2.8 2.7
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 90 70 0.4 0.5 0.4
Northern Athabaskan languages 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 90 70 0.4 0.5 0.4
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 30 0.2 0.2 0.2
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 30 0.2 0.2 0.2
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 40 0.2 0.2 0.2
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 55 30 25 0.5 0.5 0.4 5 0 0 1.3 0.0 0.0 765 395 375 2.0 2.1 2.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 20 10 5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 465 245 225 1.2 1.3 1.2
Nisga'a 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 5 0 0 1.3 0.0 0.0 265 135 130 0.7 0.7 0.7
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Wakashan languages 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 50 0.2 0.2 0.3
Haisla 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 30 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.1 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 1,350 655 700 11.4 11.1 11.7 60 25 35 16.0 15.2 16.3 2,945 1,430 1,515 7.9 7.5 8.3
Afro-Asiatic languages 30 15 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 50 25 0.2 0.3 0.1
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hausa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 35 20 0.1 0.2 0.1
Amharic 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 30 10 15 0.3 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Harari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 135 55 80 1.1 0.9 1.3 15 0 15 4.0 0.0 7.0 250 85 160 0.7 0.4 0.9
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cebuano 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinaray-a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Merina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 110 45 65 0.9 0.8 1.1 10 0 10 2.7 0.0 4.7 195 65 125 0.5 0.3 0.7
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Krio 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sango 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 35 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 35 25 0.1 0.2 0.1
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 15 10 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tamil 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tulu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 1,010 500 515 8.5 8.5 8.6 45 20 25 12.0 12.1 11.6 2,270 1,130 1,145 6.1 5.9 6.3
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 60 30 35 0.5 0.5 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 170 85 85 0.5 0.4 0.5
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 60 30 35 0.5 0.5 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 85 85 0.4 0.4 0.5
Belarusian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.1 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 25 10 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Russian 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 20 35 0.1 0.1 0.2
Rusyn 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 5 5 5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 220 95 120 1.9 1.6 2.0 5 5 5 1.3 3.0 2.3 660 325 340 1.8 1.7 1.9
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 125 60 70 1.1 1.0 1.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 420 210 215 1.1 1.1 1.2
German 120 55 65 1.0 0.9 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 405 195 205 1.1 1.0 1.1
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 5 5 0.1 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 75 30 40 0.6 0.5 0.7 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 190 90 95 0.5 0.5 0.5
Afrikaans 30 10 15 0.3 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Dutch 40 15 30 0.3 0.3 0.5 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 110 55 55 0.3 0.3 0.3
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Danish 10 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 5 5 5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Swedish 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 10 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages 445 250 190 3.7 4.3 3.2 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.7 550 300 245 1.5 1.6 1.3
Indo-Aryan languages 440 250 190 3.7 4.3 3.2 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.7 540 300 240 1.4 1.6 1.3
Assamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gujarati 20 15 10 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hindi 35 25 10 0.3 0.4 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 40 20 0.2 0.2 0.1
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Konkani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Odia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 365 195 165 3.1 3.3 2.7 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.7 420 225 190 1.1 1.2 1.0
Rohingya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.1 0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Baluchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Parsi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 280 120 160 2.4 2.0 2.7 20 10 10 5.3 6.1 4.7 875 405 465 2.3 2.1 2.5
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 5 0 0 1.3 0.0 0.0 85 50 40 0.2 0.3 0.2
Portuguese 220 100 125 1.9 1.7 2.1 20 10 10 5.3 6.1 4.7 665 310 355 1.8 1.6 1.9
Romanian 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Spanish 25 5 15 0.2 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 40 75 0.3 0.2 0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Korean 50 25 25 0.4 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 40 40 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Akan (Twi) 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Éwé 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gikuyu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mòoré 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mwani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ndebele 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Soninke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wojenaka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuer 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
African, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
American Sign Language 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 35 15 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 35 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Chinese languages 35 15 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 35 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 10 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 25 10 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kuki-Chin languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hungarian 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple responses 395 185 210 3.3 3.1 3.5 10 0 5 2.7 0.0 2.3 1,435 730 700 3.8 3.8 3.8
English and French 65 25 40 0.5 0.4 0.7 5 0 0 1.3 0.0 0.0 225 95 125 0.6 0.5 0.7
English and non-official language(s) 295 140 155 2.5 2.4 2.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,120 590 530 3.0 3.1 2.9
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
English, French and non-official language(s) 10 0 0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Multiple non-official languages 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 35 20 0.1 0.2 0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data40 11,875 5,875 6,005 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 215 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,415 19,145 18,270 100.0 100.0 100.0
English 10,265 5,080 5,185 86.4 86.5 86.3 325 145 185 86.7 87.9 86.0 32,785 16,825 15,960 87.6 87.9 87.4
French 40 20 25 0.3 0.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 100 100 0.5 0.5 0.5
Non-official language 295 140 155 2.5 2.4 2.6 5 5 5 1.3 3.0 2.3 645 305 340 1.7 1.6 1.9
Indigenous39 0 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 55 55 0.3 0.3 0.3
Non-Indigenous 295 140 155 2.5 2.4 2.6 5 5 5 1.3 3.0 2.3 530 250 285 1.4 1.3 1.6
English and French 135 70 70 1.1 1.2 1.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 420 215 205 1.1 1.1 1.1
English and non-official language(s) 1,075 530 540 9.1 9.0 9.0 40 15 20 10.7 9.1 9.3 3,240 1,640 1,600 8.7 8.6 8.8
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 30 15 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Multiple non-official languages 25 20 10 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data41 11,875 5,875 6,005 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 215 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,415 19,145 18,270 100.0 100.0 100.0
Single responses 11,635 5,745 5,890 98.0 97.8 98.1 370 165 210 98.7 100.0 97.7 36,785 18,815 17,970 98.3 98.3 98.4
Official languages 11,000 5,430 5,575 92.6 92.4 92.8 345 155 195 92.0 93.9 90.7 35,430 18,145 17,285 94.7 94.8 94.6
English 10,935 5,400 5,535 92.1 91.9 92.2 345 155 195 92.0 93.9 90.7 35,170 18,010 17,160 94.0 94.1 93.9
French 65 30 40 0.5 0.5 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 130 130 0.7 0.7 0.7
Non-official languages 635 315 315 5.3 5.4 5.2 25 10 10 6.7 6.1 4.7 1,350 665 685 3.6 3.5 3.7
Indigenous languages39 10 0 5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 120 100 0.6 0.6 0.5
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 10 0 5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 95 85 0.5 0.5 0.5
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 55 45 0.3 0.3 0.2
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.1 0.0
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 630 320 310 5.3 5.4 5.2 25 10 10 6.7 6.1 4.7 1,135 550 585 3.0 2.9 3.2
Afro-Asiatic languages 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hausa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Harari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 60 30 25 0.5 0.5 0.4 10 0 5 2.7 0.0 2.3 115 50 60 0.3 0.3 0.3
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cebuano 10 0 5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinaray-a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Merina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 45 25 25 0.4 0.4 0.4 10 0 5 2.7 0.0 2.3 90 40 50 0.2 0.2 0.3
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Krio 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sango 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 25 15 15 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 10 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tamil 5 5 5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 5 5 5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tulu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 445 230 220 3.7 3.9 3.7 15 5 10 4.0 3.0 4.7 805 390 410 2.2 2.0 2.2
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 15 10 5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 15 10 5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Belarusian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rusyn 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 20 10 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 55 60 0.3 0.3 0.3
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 15 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 30 0.2 0.1 0.2
German 10 0 5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 30 0.1 0.2 0.2
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 30 0.2 0.2 0.2
Afrikaans 5 5 5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 5 5 5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages 305 170 135 2.6 2.9 2.2 10 5 0 2.7 3.0 0.0 370 205 165 1.0 1.1 0.9
Indo-Aryan languages 300 170 135 2.5 2.9 2.2 10 5 0 2.7 3.0 0.0 365 205 165 1.0 1.1 0.9
Assamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gujarati 15 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Hindi 20 10 5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Konkani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Odia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 265 150 115 2.2 2.6 1.9 10 5 0 2.7 3.0 0.0 310 170 140 0.8 0.9 0.8
Rohingya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Baluchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Parsi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 100 35 60 0.8 0.6 1.0 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 265 105 165 0.7 0.5 0.9
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 10 0 5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Portuguese 75 25 50 0.6 0.4 0.8 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 195 70 125 0.5 0.4 0.7
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Spanish 10 10 5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korean 35 20 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 25 35 0.2 0.1 0.2
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Éwé 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gikuyu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mòoré 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mwani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ndebele 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Soninke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wojenaka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuer 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
African, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
American Sign Language 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 30 0.1 0.1 0.2
Chinese languages 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 30 0.1 0.1 0.2
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 5 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.1 0.0
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kuki-Chin languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple responses 235 125 115 2.0 2.1 1.9 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 630 330 300 1.7 1.7 1.6
English and French 15 10 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
English and non-official language(s) 195 95 95 1.6 1.6 1.6 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.3 515 265 250 1.4 1.4 1.4
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 5 0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 20 20 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data42 11,875 5,875 6,000 100.0 100.0 100.0 375 165 210 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,415 19,145 18,275 100.0 100.0 100.0
None 10,790 5,330 5,455 90.9 90.7 90.9 340 150 195 90.7 90.9 92.9 34,185 17,520 16,665 91.4 91.5 91.2
English 305 165 140 2.6 2.8 2.3 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.8 665 350 315 1.8 1.8 1.7
French 100 55 50 0.8 0.9 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 285 140 145 0.8 0.7 0.8
Non-official language 560 265 290 4.7 4.5 4.8 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.8 1,990 995 995 5.3 5.2 5.4
Indigenous39 110 55 55 0.9 0.9 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 985 515 465 2.6 2.7 2.5
Non-Indigenous 445 205 235 3.7 3.5 3.9 15 10 10 4.0 6.1 4.8 1,000 475 525 2.7 2.5 2.9
English and French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
English and non-official language(s) 50 25 25 0.4 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 35 40 0.2 0.2 0.2
French and non-official language(s) 15 5 10 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 55 30 25 0.5 0.5 0.4 5 0 5 1.3 0.0 2.4 155 75 80 0.4 0.4 0.4
Knowledge of languagesThe letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice.
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data43 11,825 5,830 6,000 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Official languages 11,775 5,815 5,965 99.6 99.7 99.4 335 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,185 19,045 18,140 99.8 99.9 99.6
English 11,775 5,815 5,965 99.6 99.7 99.4 335 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,165 19,045 18,125 99.7 99.9 99.6
French 820 375 445 6.9 6.4 7.4 25 15 10 7.5 9.7 5.4 1,985 950 1,030 5.3 5.0 5.7
Non-official languages 2,125 1,080 1,050 18.0 18.5 17.5 75 30 45 22.4 19.4 24.3 6,650 3,380 3,265 17.8 17.7 17.9
Indigenous languages39 345 165 180 2.9 2.8 3.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,710 1,400 1,305 7.3 7.3 7.2
Algonquian languages 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 40 20 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 220 145 1.0 1.2 0.8
Northern Athabaskan languages 40 20 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 220 145 1.0 1.2 0.8
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 120 70 0.5 0.6 0.4
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 120 70 0.5 0.6 0.4
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 75 65 0.4 0.4 0.4
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 310 155 150 2.6 2.7 2.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,065 1,045 1,020 5.5 5.5 5.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 60 30 20 0.5 0.5 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 995 495 500 2.7 2.6 2.7
Nisga'a 170 95 75 1.4 1.6 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 920 500 425 2.5 2.6 2.3
Tsimshian 90 35 55 0.8 0.6 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 185 70 110 0.5 0.4 0.6
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 275 140 135 0.7 0.7 0.7
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 135 120 0.7 0.7 0.7
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
Non-Indigenous languages 1,785 915 870 15.1 15.7 14.5 60 30 40 17.9 19.4 21.6 3,965 1,995 1,970 10.6 10.5 10.8
Afro-Asiatic languages 15 15 0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 85 15 0.3 0.4 0.1
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hausa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 50 0 0.1 0.3 0.0
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 50 0 0.1 0.3 0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 35 10 0.1 0.2 0.1
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Harari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 20 15 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 20 15 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 145 55 85 1.2 0.9 1.4 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 360 140 220 1.0 0.7 1.2
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Cebuano 30 15 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinaray-a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Merina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 125 50 75 1.1 0.9 1.3 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 320 110 210 0.9 0.6 1.2
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Krio 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sango 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 40 30 0.2 0.2 0.2
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 15 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tamil 15 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Telugu 15 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tulu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 1,360 735 625 11.5 12.6 10.4 45 20 25 13.4 12.9 13.5 3,000 1,580 1,420 8.0 8.3 7.8
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 85 45 35 0.7 0.8 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 255 135 120 0.7 0.7 0.7
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 80 40 35 0.7 0.7 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 135 120 0.7 0.7 0.7
Belarusian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 35 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 45 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Rusyn 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 25 15 10 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 15 0 0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.1
Serbian 15 10 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.1
Ukrainian 10 15 0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 50 35 0.2 0.3 0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 290 120 170 2.5 2.1 2.8 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 820 400 420 2.2 2.1 2.3
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 185 85 105 1.6 1.5 1.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 580 285 295 1.6 1.5 1.6
German 185 85 105 1.6 1.5 1.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 580 285 295 1.6 1.5 1.6
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 85 35 45 0.7 0.6 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 125 95 0.6 0.7 0.5
Afrikaans 35 15 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 60 40 0.3 0.3 0.2
Dutch 50 25 25 0.4 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 65 55 0.3 0.3 0.3
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 30 0 25 0.3 0.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 15 40 0.1 0.1 0.2
Danish 15 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages 605 360 245 5.1 6.2 4.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 700 420 280 1.9 2.2 1.5
Indo-Aryan languages 600 360 235 5.1 6.2 3.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 695 415 275 1.9 2.2 1.5
Assamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gujarati 35 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hindi 275 190 85 2.3 3.3 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 345 230 110 0.9 1.2 0.6
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Konkani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Odia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 475 280 190 4.0 4.8 3.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 510 290 215 1.4 1.5 1.2
Rohingya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Urdu 25 10 15 0.2 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Baluchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Parsi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 415 210 200 3.5 3.6 3.3 20 10 10 6.0 6.5 5.4 1,300 645 655 3.5 3.4 3.6
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 60 25 30 0.5 0.4 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 85 70 0.4 0.4 0.4
Portuguese 220 110 115 1.9 1.9 1.9 20 10 10 6.0 6.5 5.4 840 410 425 2.3 2.1 2.3
Romanian 15 10 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Spanish 115 70 45 1.0 1.2 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320 160 160 0.9 0.8 0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 30 0.1 0.1 0.2
Korean 65 35 30 0.5 0.6 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 15 10 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 35 30 0.2 0.2 0.2
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Éwé 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gikuyu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mòoré 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mwani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ndebele 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Soninke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wojenaka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuer 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
African, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 45 0 45 0.4 0.0 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 10 55 0.2 0.1 0.3
American Sign Language 40 0 30 0.3 0.0 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 10 45 0.1 0.1 0.2
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 15 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages 90 30 60 0.8 0.5 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 45 110 0.4 0.2 0.6
Chinese languages 90 30 60 0.8 0.5 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 45 110 0.4 0.2 0.6
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 60 15 40 0.5 0.3 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 30 70 0.3 0.2 0.4
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 25 0 20 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 0 25 0.1 0.0 0.1
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 45 15 30 0.4 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 30 60 0.3 0.2 0.3
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kuki-Chin languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 40 20 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 35 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 20 0 10 0.2 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hungarian 15 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 11,825 5,830 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 340 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,275 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Indigenous identity45 2,635 1,225 1,410 22.3 21.0 23.5 65 25 40 19.1 16.1 21.6 13,415 6,735 6,680 36.0 35.3 36.7
Single Indigenous responses46 2,600 1,215 1,380 22.0 20.8 23.0 65 25 40 19.1 16.1 21.6 13,120 6,620 6,505 35.2 34.7 35.7
First Nations (North American Indian) 2,255 1,080 1,175 19.1 18.5 19.6 45 10 35 13.2 6.5 18.9 11,865 5,980 5,885 31.8 31.4 32.3
Métis 335 135 200 2.8 2.3 3.3 20 10 10 5.9 6.5 5.4 1,220 615 600 3.3 3.2 3.3
Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses47 35 10 30 0.3 0.2 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 25 65 0.3 0.1 0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere48 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 95 105 0.5 0.5 0.6
Non-Indigenous identity 9,190 4,605 4,585 77.7 79.0 76.5 270 130 140 79.4 83.9 75.7 23,855 12,330 11,525 64.0 64.7 63.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 11,825 5,830 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 340 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,275 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian49 1,640 760 875 13.9 13.0 14.6 40 10 30 11.8 6.5 16.2 10,450 5,275 5,175 28.0 27.7 28.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 10,190 5,065 5,120 86.2 86.9 85.4 295 140 155 86.8 90.3 83.8 26,820 13,790 13,030 72.0 72.3 71.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data50 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Owner 3,415 ... ... 70.1 ... ... 130 ... ... 89.7 ... ... 10,545 ... ... 68.9 ... ...
Renter 1,460 ... ... 30.0 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 3,390 ... ... 22.1 ... ...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 1,370 ... ... 9.0 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data51 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Condominium 520 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 845 ... ... 5.5 ... ...
Not condominium 4,355 ... ... 89.4 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,465 ... ... 94.5 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data52 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
No bedrooms 55 ... ... 1.1 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 75 ... ... 0.5 ... ...
1 bedroom 445 ... ... 9.1 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 1,110 ... ... 7.3 ... ...
2 bedrooms 1,155 ... ... 23.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 3,470 ... ... 22.7 ... ...
3 bedrooms 1,485 ... ... 30.5 ... ... 40 ... ... 27.6 ... ... 5,660 ... ... 37.0 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 1,735 ... ... 35.6 ... ... 95 ... ... 65.5 ... ... 4,985 ... ... 32.6 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data53 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 1,240 ... ... 25.5 ... ... 25 ... ... 17.2 ... ... 3,555 ... ... 23.2 ... ...
5 rooms 715 ... ... 14.7 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 2,905 ... ... 19.0 ... ...
6 rooms 615 ... ... 12.6 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 2,345 ... ... 15.3 ... ...
7 rooms 610 ... ... 12.5 ... ... 25 ... ... 17.2 ... ... 1,980 ... ... 12.9 ... ...
8 or more rooms 1,685 ... ... 34.6 ... ... 75 ... ... 51.7 ... ... 4,520 ... ... 29.5 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.5 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 6.4 ... ... 6.4 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data54 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 4,780 ... ... 98.2 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,980 ... ... 97.9 ... ...
More than one person per room 95 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 325 ... ... 2.1 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data55 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Suitable 4,640 ... ... 95.3 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,500 ... ... 94.7 ... ...
Not suitable 230 ... ... 4.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 805 ... ... 5.3 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data56 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
1960 or before 630 ... ... 12.9 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 2,570 ... ... 16.8 ... ...
1961 to 1980 2,200 ... ... 45.2 ... ... 90 ... ... 62.1 ... ... 6,165 ... ... 40.3 ... ...
1981 to 1990 580 ... ... 11.9 ... ... 40 ... ... 27.6 ... ... 2,315 ... ... 15.1 ... ...
1991 to 2000 735 ... ... 15.1 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 2,195 ... ... 14.3 ... ...
2001 to 2005 90 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 385 ... ... 2.5 ... ...
2006 to 2010 160 ... ... 3.3 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 495 ... ... 3.2 ... ...
2011 to 2015 210 ... ... 4.3 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 460 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
2016 to 202157 280 ... ... 5.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 725 ... ... 4.7 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data58 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed 4,495 ... ... 92.3 ... ... 135 ... ... 93.1 ... ... 12,975 ... ... 84.8 ... ...
Major repairs needed 375 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 2,330 ... ... 15.2 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data59 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
One-maintainer household 2,455 ... ... 50.4 ... ... 75 ... ... 51.7 ... ... 7,810 ... ... 51.0 ... ...
Two-maintainer household 2,135 ... ... 43.8 ... ... 60 ... ... 41.4 ... ... 6,570 ... ... 42.9 ... ...
Three-or-more-maintainer household 285 ... ... 5.9 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 925 ... ... 6.0 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data60 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
15 to 24 years 180 ... ... 3.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 455 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
25 to 34 years 835 ... ... 17.1 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 2,275 ... ... 14.9 ... ...
35 to 44 years 820 ... ... 16.8 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 2,430 ... ... 15.9 ... ...
45 to 54 years 835 ... ... 17.1 ... ... 30 ... ... 20.7 ... ... 2,680 ... ... 17.5 ... ...
55 to 64 years 885 ... ... 18.2 ... ... 40 ... ... 27.6 ... ... 3,350 ... ... 21.9 ... ...
65 to 74 years 740 ... ... 15.2 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 2,570 ... ... 16.8 ... ...
75 to 84 years 455 ... ... 9.3 ... ... 40 ... ... 27.6 ... ... 1,250 ... ... 8.2 ... ...
85 years and over 130 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 305 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data61 4,845 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 12,780 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 4,110 ... ... 84.8 ... ... 125 ... ... 86.2 ... ... 11,105 ... ... 86.9 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 735 ... ... 15.2 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 1,670 ... ... 13.1 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 685 ... ... 14.1 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 1,505 ... ... 11.8 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data62 4,870 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 145 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 15,305 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed' 1,250 ... ... 25.7 ... ... 20 ... ... 13.8 ... ... 4,320 ... ... 28.2 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only 665 ... ... 13.7 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 1,390 ... ... 9.1 ... ...
Not suitable only 195 ... ... 4.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 560 ... ... 3.7 ... ...
Major repairs needed only 305 ... ... 6.3 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 1,895 ... ... 12.4 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' 15 ... ... 0.3 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 40 ... ... 0.3 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed' 50 ... ... 1.0 ... ... 10 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 225 ... ... 1.5 ... ...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 20 ... ... 0.4 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 190 ... ... 1.2 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 10 ... ... 0.1 ... ...
Acceptable housing 3,620 ... ... 74.3 ... ... 125 ... ... 86.2 ... ... 10,985 ... ... 71.8 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data63 4,790 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 150 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 12,615 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
In core need 370 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 15 ... ... 10.0 ... ... 1,150 ... ... 9.1 ... ...
Not in core need 4,425 ... ... 92.4 ... ... 130 ... ... 86.7 ... ... 11,465 ... ... 90.9 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 3,400 ... ... ... ... ... 135 ... ... ... ... ... 9,620 ... ... ... ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgage64 59.4 ... ... 59.4 ... ... 40.7 ... ... 40.7 ... ... 56.9 ... ... 56.9 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 11.2 ... ... 11.2 ... ... 14.8 ... ... 14.8 ... ... 9.2 ... ... 9.2 ... ...
% in core housing need63 5.1 ... ... 5.1 ... ... 11.1 ... ... 11.1 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 6.1 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,170 ... ... 1,170 ... ... 720 ... ... 720 ... ... 990 ... ... 990 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,304 ... ... 1,304 ... ... 1,060 ... ... 1,060 ... ... 1,173 ... ... 1,173 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)66 420,000 ... ... 420,000 ... ... 420,000 ... ... 420,000 ... ... 372,000 ... ... 372,000 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)66 433,600 ... ... 433,600 ... ... 420,000 ... ... 420,000 ... ... 391,600 ... ... 391,600 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 1,460 ... ... ... ... ... 0 ... ... ... ... ... 3,185 ... ... ... ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing67 22.9 ... ... 22.9 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16.6 ... ... 16.6 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 24.3 ... ... 24.3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 24.6 ... ... 24.6 ... ...
% in core housing need63 14.0 ... ... 14.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18.4 ... ... 18.4 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,000 ... ... 1,000 ... ... x ... ... x ... ... 1,000 ... ... 1,000 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,082 ... ... 1,082 ... ... x ... ... x ... ... 1,102 ... ... 1,102 ... ...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data 0 ... ... ... ... ... 0 ... ... ... ... ... 1,370 ... ... ... ... ...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs61 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 11.8 ... ... 11.8 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 400 ... ... 400 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 499 ... ... 499 ... ...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data68 11,825 5,830 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 150 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,065 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)69 1,555 735 815 13.2 12.6 13.6 30 10 20 9.0 6.7 11.1 9,765 4,985 4,780 26.2 26.1 26.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)70 1,515 730 785 12.8 12.5 13.1 30 10 20 9.0 6.7 11.1 9,705 4,960 4,740 26.0 26.0 26.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry 1,445 695 750 12.2 11.9 12.5 30 10 20 9.0 6.7 11.1 9,355 4,770 4,580 25.1 25.0 25.2
Métis single ancestry 70 35 35 0.6 0.6 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335 175 155 0.9 0.9 0.9
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 15 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)71 35 0 25 0.3 0.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 20 35 0.2 0.1 0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only 35 0 25 0.3 0.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 20 35 0.2 0.1 0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries72 1,145 525 615 9.7 9.0 10.3 25 0 25 7.5 0.0 13.9 3,670 1,810 1,855 9.8 9.5 10.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries73 1,090 515 580 9.2 8.8 9.7 25 0 25 7.5 0.0 13.9 3,565 1,760 1,805 9.6 9.2 9.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only 940 445 490 7.9 7.6 8.2 20 0 20 6.0 0.0 11.1 2,980 1,465 1,510 8.0 7.7 8.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 155 65 90 1.3 1.1 1.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 590 300 290 1.6 1.6 1.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries74 55 10 40 0.5 0.2 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 45 55 0.3 0.2 0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 55 10 40 0.5 0.2 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 45 55 0.3 0.2 0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only75 9,130 4,570 4,560 77.2 78.4 76.1 280 140 140 83.6 93.3 77.8 23,835 12,270 11,565 64.0 64.4 63.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data76 11,825 5,825 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 150 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,065 18,200 100.0 100.0 100.0
Canadian citizens77 11,140 5,420 5,720 94.2 93.0 95.4 320 145 175 95.5 96.7 94.6 35,965 18,395 17,565 96.5 96.5 96.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18 2,595 1,305 1,290 21.9 22.4 21.5 40 25 15 11.9 16.7 8.1 8,090 4,120 3,960 21.7 21.6 21.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 8,545 4,115 4,425 72.3 70.6 73.8 285 125 160 85.1 83.3 86.5 27,875 14,275 13,600 74.8 74.9 74.7
Not Canadian citizens78 680 410 275 5.8 7.0 4.6 15 0 10 4.5 0.0 5.4 1,310 670 640 3.5 3.5 3.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data79 11,825 5,825 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 150 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,065 18,200 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-immigrants80 10,280 5,010 5,265 86.9 86.0 87.8 270 135 140 80.6 90.0 75.7 33,345 17,115 16,235 89.5 89.8 89.2
Immigrants81 1,140 540 595 9.6 9.3 9.9 55 15 40 16.4 10.0 21.6 3,405 1,635 1,775 9.1 8.6 9.8
Before 1980 545 260 280 4.6 4.5 4.7 50 15 35 14.9 10.0 18.9 1,790 870 920 4.8 4.6 5.1
1980 to 1990 135 75 65 1.1 1.3 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 360 190 170 1.0 1.0 0.9
1991 to 2000 110 45 65 0.9 0.8 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 130 165 0.8 0.7 0.9
2001 to 2010 105 45 60 0.9 0.8 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 330 170 165 0.9 0.9 0.9
2011 to 202182 240 115 125 2.0 2.0 2.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 635 275 355 1.7 1.4 2.0
2011 to 2015 95 55 40 0.8 0.9 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 155 125 0.8 0.8 0.7
2016 to 2021 150 60 90 1.3 1.0 1.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 355 125 230 1.0 0.7 1.3
Non-permanent residents83 405 275 135 3.4 4.7 2.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 520 325 200 1.4 1.7 1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data84 1,140 540 595 100.0 100.0 100.0 55 15 45 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,405 1,630 1,775 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 5 years 125 70 50 11.0 13.0 8.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 405 185 215 11.9 11.3 12.1
5 to 14 years 235 125 115 20.6 23.1 19.3 15 0 10 27.3 0.0 22.2 690 410 275 20.3 25.2 15.5
15 to 24 years 295 115 180 25.9 21.3 30.3 20 0 20 36.4 0.0 44.4 805 385 420 23.6 23.6 23.7
25 to 44 years 405 185 215 35.5 34.3 36.1 15 10 10 27.3 66.7 22.2 1,300 570 725 38.2 35.0 40.8
45 years and over 70 40 30 6.1 7.4 5.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 80 135 6.3 4.9 7.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data85 1,140 540 595 100.0 100.0 100.0 55 15 45 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,405 1,630 1,775 100.0 100.0 100.0
Americas 105 25 75 9.2 4.6 12.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 490 185 300 14.4 11.3 16.9
Brazil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.4 0.0 0.6
Colombia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.4 0.6 0.6
El Salvador 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Guyana 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haiti 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mexico 10 0 0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.6 0.0 1.1
Peru 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 25 0.9 0.6 1.4
Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.3 0.0 0.6
United States of America 80 20 60 7.0 3.7 10.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 360 155 210 10.6 9.5 11.8
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 15 0.9 0.6 0.8
Europe 540 275 265 47.4 50.9 44.5 35 10 25 63.6 66.7 55.6 1,785 875 905 52.4 53.7 51.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0
France 10 0 0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 20 0.7 0.6 1.1
Germany 60 25 35 5.3 4.6 5.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 120 130 7.3 7.4 7.3
Greece 10 10 0 0.9 1.9 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 0 0.6 0.9 0.0
Hungary 20 10 10 1.8 1.9 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.6 0.6 0.6
Italy 25 0 20 2.2 0.0 3.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 35 35 2.2 2.1 2.0
Netherlands 45 20 20 3.9 3.7 3.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 50 55 3.1 3.1 3.1
Poland 20 10 10 1.8 1.9 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 30 1.5 1.2 1.7
Portugal 120 65 60 10.5 12.0 10.1 20 10 10 36.4 66.7 22.2 480 235 240 14.1 14.4 13.5
Romania 10 0 0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.6 0.6 0.6
Russian Federation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0
Serbia86 15 10 0 1.3 1.9 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.4 0.6 0.0
Ukraine 10 0 0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 10 0.7 0.6 0.6
United Kingdom87 105 55 45 9.2 10.2 7.6 10 0 10 18.2 0.0 22.2 450 230 220 13.2 14.1 12.4
Other places of birth in Europe 80 40 45 7.0 7.4 7.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 235 105 125 6.9 6.4 7.0
Africa 50 25 25 4.4 4.6 4.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 150 80 6.6 9.2 4.5
Algeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Egypt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0
Eritrea 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morocco 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nigeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.7 0.9 0.6
Somalia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 40 0 1.2 2.5 0.0
South Africa, Republic of 30 15 20 2.6 2.8 3.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 45 2.5 2.8 2.5
Other places of birth in Africa 10 0 0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 40 20 1.8 2.5 1.1
Asia 425 210 220 37.3 38.9 37.0 25 0 20 45.5 0.0 44.4 825 375 450 24.2 23.0 25.4
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iran88 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iraq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syria89 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
China90 40 15 25 3.5 2.8 4.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 20 45 1.9 1.2 2.5
Hong Kong91 10 10 0 0.9 1.9 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.6 0.6 0.8
Korea, South92 30 15 15 2.6 2.8 2.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 1.0 1.2 0.8
Taiwan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.6 0.0 1.1
Philippines 100 30 65 8.8 5.6 10.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 285 110 175 8.4 6.7 9.9
Viet Nam 25 20 0 2.2 3.7 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 10 1.2 1.5 0.6
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
India 195 95 95 17.1 17.6 16.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 135 125 7.6 8.3 7.0
Pakistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.7 1.2 0.0
Sri Lanka 10 10 0 0.9 1.9 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.3 0.6 0.0
Other places of birth in Asia 15 0 15 1.3 0.0 2.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 20 35 1.6 1.2 2.0
Oceania and other places of birth93 20 0 10 1.8 0.0 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 40 2.5 2.8 2.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data94 145 60 90 100.0 100.0 100.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 355 125 230 100.0 100.0 100.0
Americas 20 0 20 13.8 0.0 22.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 10 50 16.9 8.0 21.7
Brazil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Colombia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haiti 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mexico 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
United States of America 20 0 20 13.8 0.0 22.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 0 35 11.3 0.0 15.2
Venezuela95 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 4.2 0.0 4.3
Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 35 14.1 16.0 15.2
France 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germany 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 2.8 0.0 4.3
Ireland96 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian Federation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukraine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
United Kingdom87 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 10 5.6 12.0 4.3
Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 4.2 0.0 4.3
Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 2.8 0.0 4.3
Algeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burundi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cameroon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Egypt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eritrea 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morocco 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nigeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somalia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sudan97 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tunisia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Asia 110 50 55 75.9 83.3 61.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 95 130 63.4 76.0 56.5
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
China90 10 0 10 6.9 0.0 11.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 2.8 0.0 4.3
Hong Kong91 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
India 20 15 0 13.8 25.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 25 18.3 28.0 10.9
Iran88 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iraq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Israel 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jordan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korea, South92 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepal 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pakistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Philippines 50 25 30 34.5 41.7 33.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 35 70 29.6 28.0 30.4
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syria89 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Viet Nam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 4.2 0.0 6.5
Oceania and other93 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 2.8 0.0 4.3
Australia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 2.8 0.0 4.3
Other places of birth98 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data99 11,825 5,830 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
First generation100 1,650 880 775 14.0 15.1 12.9 65 20 45 19.4 12.9 24.3 4,185 2,090 2,095 11.2 11.0 11.5
Second generation101 1,980 885 1,095 16.7 15.2 18.3 90 40 45 26.9 25.8 24.3 4,970 2,440 2,530 13.3 12.8 13.9
Third generation or more102 8,195 4,070 4,130 69.3 69.8 68.9 180 85 95 53.7 54.8 51.4 28,120 14,535 13,580 75.4 76.2 74.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data103 595 275 320 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 0 10 100.0 0.0 100.0 1,615 765 850 100.0 100.0 100.0
Economic immigrants104 325 175 150 54.6 63.6 46.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 870 470 400 53.9 61.4 47.1
Principal applicants105 150 85 65 25.2 30.9 20.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 405 250 150 25.1 32.7 17.6
Secondary applicants106 175 90 90 29.4 32.7 28.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 470 220 250 29.1 28.8 29.4
Immigrants sponsored by family107 245 85 155 41.2 30.9 48.4 10 0 10 100.0 0.0 100.0 625 210 415 38.7 27.5 48.8
Refugees108 25 15 10 4.2 5.5 3.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 85 30 6.8 11.1 3.5
Other immigrants109 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.6 0.0 1.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data110 595 275 320 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 0 10 100.0 0.0 100.0 1,615 765 850 100.0 100.0 100.0
Asylum claim before admission111 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 20 0 1.2 2.6 0.0
Work permits only before admission112 180 95 80 30.3 34.5 25.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 435 220 215 26.9 28.8 25.3
Study permits only before admission113 15 0 10 2.5 0.0 3.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 30 35 4.3 3.9 4.1
Work and study permits before admission114 15 0 0 2.5 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 10 45 3.4 1.3 5.3
Other permits before admission115 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.9 0.0 1.2
No pre-admission experience116 385 170 215 64.7 61.8 67.2 10 0 10 100.0 0.0 100.0 1,020 480 545 63.2 62.7 64.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data117 11,825 5,830 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total visible minority population118 1,250 685 565 10.6 11.7 9.4 40 15 20 11.9 9.7 10.8 2,270 1,150 1,115 6.1 6.0 6.1
South Asian 700 425 275 5.9 7.3 4.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 895 530 365 2.4 2.8 2.0
Chinese 115 45 70 1.0 0.8 1.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 70 135 0.6 0.4 0.7
Black 60 20 40 0.5 0.3 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 230 125 105 0.6 0.7 0.6
Filipino 160 70 90 1.4 1.2 1.5 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 415 170 245 1.1 0.9 1.3
Arab 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 35 15 0.1 0.2 0.1
Latin American 20 0 10 0.2 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 35 70 0.3 0.2 0.4
Southeast Asian 35 25 0 0.3 0.4 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 40 30 0.2 0.2 0.2
West Asian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korean 75 40 35 0.6 0.7 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 55 50 0.3 0.3 0.3
Japanese 65 35 30 0.5 0.6 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 70 65 0.3 0.4 0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.119 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple visible minorities 20 0 10 0.2 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 40 0.2 0.1 0.2
Not a visible minority120 10,570 5,145 5,430 89.4 88.3 90.6 295 130 160 88.1 83.9 86.5 35,005 17,915 17,090 93.9 93.9 93.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data121 11,825 5,825 6,000 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 150 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,270 19,065 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Canadian 1,705 830 875 14.4 14.2 14.6 60 40 20 17.9 26.7 10.8 4,040 2,140 1,900 10.8 11.2 10.4
English 2,700 1,325 1,375 22.8 22.7 22.9 45 20 25 13.4 13.3 13.5 7,125 3,630 3,490 19.1 19.0 19.2
Irish 1,795 850 945 15.2 14.6 15.8 60 30 40 17.9 20.0 21.6 4,870 2,470 2,400 13.1 13.0 13.2
Scottish 2,190 1,055 1,140 18.5 18.1 19.0 70 25 40 20.9 16.7 21.6 5,945 3,050 2,895 16.0 16.0 15.9
French, n.o.s.122 915 435 475 7.7 7.5 7.9 15 10 0 4.5 6.7 0.0 2,900 1,430 1,465 7.8 7.5 8.0
German 1,710 765 945 14.5 13.1 15.8 35 10 15 10.4 6.7 8.1 4,860 2,465 2,395 13.0 12.9 13.2
Chinese 150 65 80 1.3 1.1 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 105 165 0.7 0.6 0.9
Italian 425 195 230 3.6 3.3 3.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 945 455 490 2.5 2.4 2.7
Indian (India) 510 280 230 4.3 4.8 3.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 610 335 275 1.6 1.8 1.5
Ukrainian 440 195 245 3.7 3.3 4.1 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 1,420 670 750 3.8 3.5 4.1
Dutch 755 370 385 6.4 6.4 6.4 35 25 10 10.4 16.7 5.4 1,715 890 835 4.6 4.7 4.6
Polish 380 175 205 3.2 3.0 3.4 35 20 10 10.4 13.3 5.4 880 430 450 2.4 2.3 2.5
Québécois 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 40 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.123 390 205 180 3.3 3.5 3.0 25 20 10 7.5 13.3 5.4 960 520 435 2.6 2.7 2.4
Filipino 175 75 100 1.5 1.3 1.7 15 0 15 4.5 0.0 8.1 415 180 240 1.1 0.9 1.3
French Canadian 130 60 70 1.1 1.0 1.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 420 235 185 1.1 1.2 1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.124 215 80 135 1.8 1.4 2.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 705 310 395 1.9 1.6 2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.125 725 340 385 6.1 5.8 6.4 15 0 15 4.5 0.0 8.1 2,565 1,245 1,320 6.9 6.5 7.3
Métis 315 125 190 2.7 2.1 3.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,085 545 540 2.9 2.9 3.0
European, n.o.s.126 295 135 160 2.5 2.3 2.7 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 810 420 395 2.2 2.2 2.2
Russian 150 70 80 1.3 1.2 1.3 10 0 0 3.0 0.0 0.0 485 240 245 1.3 1.3 1.3
Norwegian 630 320 305 5.3 5.5 5.1 20 0 20 6.0 0.0 10.8 1,510 735 780 4.1 3.9 4.3
Welsh 215 110 105 1.8 1.9 1.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 635 325 310 1.7 1.7 1.7
Portuguese 515 270 245 4.4 4.6 4.1 30 10 15 9.0 6.7 8.1 1,705 880 820 4.6 4.6 4.5
American 180 90 95 1.5 1.5 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 495 235 265 1.3 1.2 1.5
Spanish 75 40 35 0.6 0.7 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 120 125 0.7 0.6 0.7
Swedish 275 130 150 2.3 2.2 2.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 695 340 360 1.9 1.8 2.0
Hungarian 105 50 55 0.9 0.9 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 120 135 0.7 0.6 0.7
Acadian 50 30 20 0.4 0.5 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 60 75 0.4 0.3 0.4
Pakistani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
African, n.o.s.127 40 20 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 55 0.3 0.2 0.3
Jewish 35 10 20 0.3 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 30 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Punjabi 75 75 0 0.6 1.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 75 15 0.2 0.4 0.1
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Arab, n.o.s.128 25 25 0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 40 15 0.1 0.2 0.1
Greek 45 25 20 0.4 0.4 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 50 65 0.3 0.3 0.4
Jamaican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 30 10 0.1 0.2 0.1
Asian, n.o.s.129 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cree, n.o.s.130 120 55 65 1.0 0.9 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 440 220 220 1.2 1.2 1.2
Korean 75 45 35 0.6 0.8 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 50 45 0.2 0.3 0.2
Romanian 70 35 35 0.6 0.6 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 75 80 0.4 0.4 0.4
Lebanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Iranian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Christian, n.i.e.131 60 25 30 0.5 0.4 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 45 0.2 0.2 0.2
Danish 155 70 85 1.3 1.2 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 395 170 230 1.1 0.9 1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.132 205 95 110 1.7 1.6 1.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 175 195 1.0 0.9 1.1
Sikh 110 85 25 0.9 1.5 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 85 35 0.3 0.4 0.2
Austrian 95 50 40 0.8 0.9 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 155 140 0.8 0.8 0.8
Belgian 35 10 25 0.3 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 25 55 0.2 0.1 0.3
Haitian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
Hindu 70 55 25 0.6 0.9 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 75 25 0.3 0.4 0.1
Mexican 25 15 10 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 45 45 0.3 0.2 0.2
Mennonite 70 30 45 0.6 0.5 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 60 55 0.3 0.3 0.3
Swiss 130 80 50 1.1 1.4 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 120 125 0.7 0.6 0.7
Finnish 80 35 45 0.7 0.6 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 235 115 120 0.6 0.6 0.7
Sri Lankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Croatian 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 35 50 0.2 0.2 0.3
Japanese 65 40 25 0.5 0.7 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 90 85 0.5 0.5 0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.133 10 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 25 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.134 55 30 25 0.5 0.5 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 50 50 0.3 0.3 0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.135 100 65 35 0.8 1.1 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 145 130 0.8 0.8 0.7
Muslim 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Egyptian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.136 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Icelandic 45 40 0 0.4 0.7 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 90 65 0.4 0.5 0.4
Colombian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Moroccan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 40 15 25 0.3 0.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 55 60 0.3 0.3 0.3
Syrian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Guyanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Afghan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Black, n.o.s.137 15 10 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ojibway 35 10 20 0.3 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 20 40 0.1 0.1 0.2
Newfoundlander 25 20 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 70 55 0.3 0.4 0.3
Hong Konger 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Ontarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Persian 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.138 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algerian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Brazilian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.1
Nigerian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Slovak 45 25 15 0.4 0.4 0.3 25 10 15 7.5 6.7 8.1 120 75 45 0.3 0.4 0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.139 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 35 0 0.1 0.2 0.0
Taiwanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.1 0.0 0.1
Iraqi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Salvadorean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
African Caribbean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.140 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.141 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.142 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
Algonquin 10 0 0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 35 15 0.1 0.2 0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.143 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 25 0 15 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 10 30 0.1 0.1 0.2
South African 15 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Australian 25 10 15 0.2 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 45 60 0.3 0.2 0.3
Palestinian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chilean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.1
Congolese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nova Scotian 15 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 10 35 0.1 0.1 0.2
Ethiopian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.144 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Peruvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Slovenian 15 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Western European, n.o.s.145 25 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Gujarati 20 10 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Eritrean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
African Canadian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Israeli 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.146 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 25 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Albertan 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 25 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ghanaian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Barbadian 15 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
African American 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.147 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tunisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.148 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cuban 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Venezuelan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.149 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 10 0 0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 20 0.1 0.0 0.1
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cameroonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Guatemalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Laotian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Irish 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.150 15 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
British Columbian 60 35 30 0.5 0.6 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 70 55 0.3 0.4 0.3
Ecuadorian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Franco Ontarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Argentinian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Jatt 70 65 0 0.6 1.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 65 0 0.2 0.3 0.0
North American, n.o.s.151 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 20 0.1 0.0 0.1
Dominican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Byelorussian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s.152 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.153 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Abenaki 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Moldovan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.154 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
New Zealander 10 0 0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Sudanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Breton 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malaysian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
North African, n.o.s.155 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Huron (Wendat) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.1
Saskatchewanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Buddhist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gaspesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norman 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.156 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ivorian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteaux 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.157 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burundian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrinya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nicaraguan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mauritian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kenyan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vincentian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jordanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Manitoban 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Cape Bretoner 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rwandan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Grenadian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhalese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mayan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Honduran 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cherokee 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 45 15 0.2 0.2 0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Caribbean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Flemish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
United Empire Loyalist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Senegalese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sicilian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Goan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.158 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Azorean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamileke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Guyanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ugandan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tanzanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yemeni 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Central African 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Libyan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Basque 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Uruguayan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Akan, n.o.s.159 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.160 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igorot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Woodland Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Guinean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
St. Lucian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Prince Edward Islander 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maliseet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Beninese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Roma 20 0 15 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.1
Costa Rican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
African Nova Scotian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Singaporean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.1
Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tajik 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Amhara 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Paraguayan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data161 11,825 5,830 5,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 340 155 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,275 19,070 18,205 100.0 100.0 100.0
Buddhist 45 20 30 0.4 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 55 65 0.3 0.3 0.4
Christian 4,410 2,030 2,380 37.3 34.8 39.7 190 85 115 55.9 54.8 62.2 14,665 7,060 7,605 39.3 37.0 41.8
Christian, n.o.s.162 1,225 545 685 10.4 9.3 11.4 40 10 35 11.8 6.5 18.9 2,800 1,305 1,495 7.5 6.8 8.2
Anabaptist 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 10 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Anglican 310 125 180 2.6 2.1 3.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,050 1,005 1,045 5.5 5.3 5.7
Baptist 210 115 95 1.8 2.0 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 405 205 200 1.1 1.1 1.1
Catholic 1,420 700 715 12.0 12.0 11.9 95 55 40 27.9 35.5 21.6 4,810 2,395 2,420 12.9 12.6 13.3
Christian Orthodox 30 25 0 0.3 0.4 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 40 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Jehovah's Witness 75 35 40 0.6 0.6 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 235 120 115 0.6 0.6 0.6
Latter Day Saints 10 0 0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Lutheran 50 25 30 0.4 0.4 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 150 140 0.8 0.8 0.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness) 40 20 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 575 285 295 1.5 1.5 1.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic 180 85 95 1.5 1.5 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 585 285 300 1.6 1.5 1.6
Presbyterian 30 10 30 0.3 0.2 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 45 80 0.3 0.2 0.4
Reformed 135 70 65 1.1 1.2 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 95 90 0.5 0.5 0.5
United Church 380 135 245 3.2 2.3 4.1 10 0 10 2.9 0.0 5.4 1,565 660 905 4.2 3.5 5.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions 305 135 165 2.6 2.3 2.8 15 0 15 4.4 0.0 8.1 845 425 425 2.3 2.2 2.3
Hindu 145 85 55 1.2 1.5 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 120 75 0.5 0.6 0.4
Jewish 30 0 30 0.3 0.0 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 10 40 0.1 0.1 0.2
Muslim 40 25 15 0.3 0.4 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 120 35 0.4 0.6 0.2
Sikh 390 245 150 3.3 4.2 2.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 415 250 170 1.1 1.3 0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality 65 35 30 0.5 0.6 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 300 265 1.5 1.6 1.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions 185 85 95 1.6 1.5 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 480 215 265 1.3 1.1 1.5
No religion and secular perspectives 6,520 3,305 3,210 55.1 56.7 53.5 120 50 70 35.3 32.3 37.8 20,630 10,945 9,685 55.3 57.4 53.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data163 11,645 5,725 5,925 100.0 100.0 100.0 335 150 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,795 18,795 17,995 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-movers 9,925 4,890 5,030 85.2 85.4 84.9 300 135 165 89.6 90.0 91.7 32,525 16,620 15,905 88.4 88.4 88.4
Movers 1,730 825 900 14.9 14.4 15.2 35 10 20 10.4 6.7 11.1 4,260 2,175 2,090 11.6 11.6 11.6
Non-migrants 1,120 520 595 9.6 9.1 10.0 30 10 15 9.0 6.7 8.3 2,605 1,320 1,285 7.1 7.0 7.1
Migrants 615 305 305 5.3 5.3 5.1 10 0 0 3.0 0.0 0.0 1,660 855 805 4.5 4.5 4.5
Internal migrants 525 270 255 4.5 4.7 4.3 10 0 0 3.0 0.0 0.0 1,520 800 720 4.1 4.3 4.0
Intraprovincial migrants 330 165 170 2.8 2.9 2.9 10 0 0 3.0 0.0 0.0 1,035 525 510 2.8 2.8 2.8
Interprovincial migrants 195 105 85 1.7 1.8 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 480 270 210 1.3 1.4 1.2
External migrants 85 40 45 0.7 0.7 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 60 85 0.4 0.3 0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data164 11,095 5,435 5,660 100.0 100.0 100.0 330 145 185 100.0 100.0 100.0 35,140 18,000 17,140 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-movers 5,980 2,915 3,070 53.9 53.6 54.2 285 135 155 86.4 93.1 83.8 21,665 11,050 10,615 61.7 61.4 61.9
Movers 5,110 2,520 2,590 46.1 46.4 45.8 45 20 25 13.6 13.8 13.5 13,475 6,950 6,525 38.3 38.6 38.1
Non-migrants 2,085 1,020 1,060 18.8 18.8 18.7 20 0 15 6.1 0.0 8.1 5,375 2,805 2,570 15.3 15.6 15.0
Migrants 3,030 1,500 1,530 27.3 27.6 27.0 25 10 15 7.6 6.9 8.1 8,095 4,140 3,955 23.0 23.0 23.1
Internal migrants 2,570 1,215 1,350 23.2 22.4 23.9 25 10 15 7.6 6.9 8.1 7,475 3,795 3,675 21.3 21.1 21.4
Intraprovincial migrants 1,965 930 1,035 17.7 17.1 18.3 15 10 0 4.5 6.9 0.0 5,755 2,910 2,845 16.4 16.2 16.6
Interprovincial migrants 605 290 310 5.5 5.3 5.5 10 0 10 3.0 0.0 5.4 1,720 885 835 4.9 4.9 4.9
External migrants 460 280 180 4.1 5.2 3.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 620 340 280 1.8 1.9 1.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 9,630 4,720 4,905 100.0 100.0 100.0 320 140 175 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 1,785 950 835 18.5 20.1 17.0 65 30 30 20.3 21.4 17.1 7,860 4,495 3,365 25.8 28.7 22.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 7,840 3,775 4,070 81.4 80.0 83.0 260 115 145 81.3 82.1 82.9 22,630 11,150 11,480 74.2 71.3 77.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 6,250 3,065 3,185 100.0 100.0 100.0 185 80 105 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,050 10,270 9,775 100.0 100.0 100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 670 375 290 10.7 12.2 9.1 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.5 3,750 2,215 1,535 18.7 21.6 15.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 5,585 2,690 2,895 89.4 87.8 90.9 175 80 100 94.6 100.0 95.2 16,300 8,060 8,245 81.3 78.5 84.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 9,625 4,725 4,900 100.0 100.0 100.0 320 145 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree 1,490 750 740 15.5 15.9 15.1 60 25 25 18.8 17.2 13.9 6,810 3,760 3,045 22.3 24.0 20.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 2,865 1,285 1,585 29.8 27.2 32.3 110 45 65 34.4 31.0 36.1 9,740 4,660 5,085 31.9 29.8 34.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 5,265 2,690 2,575 54.7 56.9 52.6 150 65 80 46.9 44.8 44.4 13,940 7,225 6,715 45.7 46.2 45.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 3,325 1,880 1,445 34.5 39.8 29.5 90 45 45 28.1 31.0 25.0 9,830 5,565 4,255 32.2 35.6 28.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 1,110 875 230 11.5 18.5 4.7 30 20 10 9.4 13.8 5.6 3,745 3,060 685 12.3 19.6 4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 400 260 140 4.2 5.5 2.9 10 0 0 3.1 0.0 0.0 1,395 970 425 4.6 6.2 2.9
Apprenticeship certificate169 705 615 90 7.3 13.0 1.8 20 15 0 6.3 10.3 0.0 2,350 2,085 260 7.7 13.3 1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 1,870 820 1,050 19.4 17.4 21.4 45 25 20 14.1 17.2 11.1 5,220 2,150 3,070 17.1 13.7 20.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 355 185 165 3.7 3.9 3.4 15 0 15 4.7 0.0 8.3 865 360 505 2.8 2.3 3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher 1,935 805 1,130 20.1 17.0 23.1 55 25 35 17.2 17.2 19.4 4,115 1,655 2,460 13.5 10.6 16.6
Bachelor's degree 1,315 540 780 13.7 11.4 15.9 40 25 15 12.5 17.2 8.3 2,730 1,055 1,675 9.0 6.7 11.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 120 55 70 1.2 1.2 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 115 180 1.0 0.7 1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 95 45 50 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 185 115 70 0.6 0.7 0.5
Master's degree 370 165 210 3.8 3.5 4.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 805 335 470 2.6 2.1 3.2
Earned doctorate171 40 10 30 0.4 0.2 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 40 60 0.3 0.3 0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 6,255 3,065 3,190 100.0 100.0 100.0 185 75 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,045 10,270 9,780 100.0 100.0 100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree 510 265 240 8.2 8.6 7.5 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.1 3,110 1,760 1,345 15.5 17.1 13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 1,750 845 910 28.0 27.6 28.5 60 30 35 32.4 40.0 31.8 6,375 3,185 3,190 31.8 31.0 32.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 3,990 1,960 2,030 63.8 63.9 63.6 115 50 65 62.2 66.7 59.1 10,565 5,325 5,245 52.7 51.9 53.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 2,385 1,325 1,060 38.1 43.2 33.2 65 30 35 35.1 40.0 31.8 7,185 4,020 3,165 35.8 39.1 32.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 725 585 135 11.6 19.1 4.2 25 25 0 13.5 33.3 0.0 2,660 2,195 465 13.3 21.4 4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 270 185 90 4.3 6.0 2.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,005 715 290 5.0 7.0 3.0
Apprenticeship certificate169 455 405 45 7.3 13.2 1.4 20 20 0 10.8 26.7 0.0 1,660 1,485 170 8.3 14.5 1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 1,410 610 800 22.5 19.9 25.1 30 10 25 16.2 13.3 22.7 3,920 1,570 2,350 19.6 15.3 24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 250 120 125 4.0 3.9 3.9 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.1 610 255 355 3.0 2.5 3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher 1,605 635 970 25.7 20.7 30.4 50 20 30 27.0 26.7 27.3 3,375 1,300 2,075 16.8 12.7 21.2
Bachelor's degree 1,085 420 665 17.3 13.7 20.8 30 20 15 16.2 26.7 13.6 2,240 840 1,400 11.2 8.2 14.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 95 40 60 1.5 1.3 1.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240 85 155 1.2 0.8 1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 80 35 50 1.3 1.1 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 85 55 0.7 0.8 0.6
Master's degree 310 140 170 5.0 4.6 5.3 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.1 680 270 405 3.4 2.6 4.1
Earned doctorate171 35 0 30 0.6 0.0 0.9 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.1 70 15 55 0.3 0.1 0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data172 9,625 4,725 4,900 100.0 100.0 100.0 325 145 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 4,360 2,035 2,325 45.3 43.1 47.4 170 80 95 52.3 55.2 52.8 16,545 8,420 8,130 54.3 53.8 54.8
Education 410 105 310 4.3 2.2 6.3 15 0 15 4.6 0.0 8.3 1,065 260 810 3.5 1.7 5.5
13. Education 410 105 310 4.3 2.2 6.3 15 0 15 4.6 0.0 8.3 1,065 260 810 3.5 1.7 5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 100 50 50 1.0 1.1 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 115 135 0.8 0.7 0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 25 10 0.1 0.2 0.1
50. Visual and performing arts 95 45 50 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 90 125 0.7 0.6 0.8
Humanities 280 175 110 2.9 3.7 2.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 510 260 250 1.7 1.7 1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 20 0 20 0.2 0.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 10 55 0.2 0.1 0.4
23. English language and literature/letters 30 10 15 0.3 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 15 35 0.2 0.1 0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 120 80 45 1.2 1.7 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 105 95 0.7 0.7 0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 15 15 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 15 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations 60 45 15 0.6 1.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 80 35 0.3 0.5 0.2
54. History 30 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 30 0.2 0.1 0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law 385 95 290 4.0 2.0 5.9 15 0 10 4.6 0.0 5.6 1,005 260 745 3.3 1.7 5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 20 0 20 0.2 0.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 20 65 0.3 0.1 0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 30 10 20 0.3 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 15 40 0.2 0.1 0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 95 0 95 1.0 0.0 1.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 310 0 310 1.0 0.0 2.1
22. Legal professions and studies 40 10 35 0.4 0.2 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 30 60 0.3 0.2 0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 10 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
42. Psychology 80 25 50 0.8 0.5 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 55 110 0.5 0.4 0.7
45. Social sciences 110 45 65 1.1 1.0 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 135 150 1.0 0.9 1.0
Business, management and public administration 990 380 605 10.3 8.0 12.3 20 0 15 6.2 0.0 8.3 2,435 750 1,685 8.0 4.8 11.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions 170 45 125 1.8 1.0 2.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 430 85 340 1.4 0.5 2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 815 330 480 8.5 7.0 9.8 20 0 15 6.2 0.0 8.3 2,005 655 1,345 6.6 4.2 9.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies 200 90 110 2.1 1.9 2.2 15 0 10 4.6 0.0 5.6 395 200 190 1.3 1.3 1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 100 35 65 1.0 0.7 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 80 100 0.6 0.5 0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 50 30 20 0.5 0.6 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 55 50 0.3 0.4 0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
40. Physical sciences 45 25 20 0.5 0.5 0.4 10 0 10 3.1 0.0 5.6 90 60 30 0.3 0.4 0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 20 0.1 0.0 0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 130 80 50 1.4 1.7 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 110 80 0.6 0.7 0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 100 65 35 1.0 1.4 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 90 60 0.5 0.6 0.4
25. Library science 15 0 15 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.1 0.0 0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics 20 15 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 1,235 1,140 95 12.8 24.1 1.9 20 20 0 6.2 13.8 0.0 4,095 3,780 315 13.4 24.2 2.1
04. Architecture and related services 20 10 0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
14. Engineering 100 85 10 1.0 1.8 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 230 60 1.0 1.5 0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 220 205 20 2.3 4.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 700 625 80 2.3 4.0 0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
46. Construction trades 365 345 20 3.8 7.3 0.4 10 10 0 3.1 6.9 0.0 1,320 1,250 70 4.3 8.0 0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 380 350 25 3.9 7.4 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,205 1,155 40 4.0 7.4 0.3
48. Precision production 160 140 20 1.7 3.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 535 490 40 1.8 3.1 0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 275 190 85 2.9 4.0 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 655 450 205 2.1 2.9 1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 35 10 20 0.4 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 55 0.3 0.3 0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation 245 180 65 2.5 3.8 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 555 405 150 1.8 2.6 1.0
Health and related fields 915 165 750 9.5 3.5 15.3 35 10 25 10.8 6.9 13.9 2,175 365 1,810 7.1 2.3 12.2
30.37 Design for human health 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 35 15 25 0.4 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 50 0.3 0.3 0.3
51. Health professions and related programs178 850 135 715 8.8 2.9 14.6 35 10 25 10.8 6.9 13.9 2,035 300 1,740 6.7 1.9 11.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 25 15 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.1 0.1 0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services 355 225 130 3.7 4.8 2.7 10 0 0 3.1 0.0 0.0 1,155 680 480 3.8 4.3 3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 220 105 120 2.3 2.2 2.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 670 255 415 2.2 1.6 2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
43. Security and protective services 55 45 10 0.6 1.0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 110 30 0.4 0.7 0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving 80 80 0 0.8 1.7 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 350 320 35 1.1 2.0 0.2
Other179 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data172 6,250 3,065 3,185 100.0 100.0 100.0 185 75 105 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,050 10,270 9,775 100.0 100.0 100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 2,265 1,105 1,155 36.2 36.1 36.3 70 30 40 37.8 40.0 38.1 9,480 4,945 4,535 47.3 48.1 46.4
Education 325 60 260 5.2 2.0 8.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 790 150 635 3.9 1.5 6.5
13. Education 325 60 260 5.2 2.0 8.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 790 150 635 3.9 1.5 6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 75 30 35 1.2 1.0 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 180 75 105 0.9 0.7 1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
50. Visual and performing arts 75 30 35 1.2 1.0 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 60 100 0.8 0.6 1.0
Humanities 170 100 65 2.7 3.3 2.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335 160 175 1.7 1.6 1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 10 0 10 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 10 35 0.2 0.1 0.4
23. English language and literature/letters 10 0 0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 20 0.1 0.1 0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 60 35 25 1.0 1.1 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 60 70 0.6 0.6 0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 15 15 0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 15 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations 45 35 10 0.7 1.1 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 50 10 0.3 0.5 0.1
54. History 20 10 10 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 30 0.2 0.1 0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law 350 80 270 5.6 2.6 8.5 15 0 10 8.1 0.0 9.5 870 215 655 4.3 2.1 6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 20 0 20 0.3 0.0 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 15 50 0.3 0.1 0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 20 10 15 0.3 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 15 30 0.2 0.1 0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 85 0 85 1.4 0.0 2.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 0 270 1.3 0.0 2.8
22. Legal professions and studies 35 0 35 0.6 0.0 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 25 65 0.4 0.2 0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 15 0 10 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
42. Psychology 70 20 45 1.1 0.7 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 40 100 0.7 0.4 1.0
45. Social sciences 100 30 60 1.6 1.0 1.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240 110 135 1.2 1.1 1.4
Business, management and public administration 810 315 500 13.0 10.3 15.7 20 0 15 10.8 0.0 14.3 1,990 620 1,365 9.9 6.0 14.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions 135 30 105 2.2 1.0 3.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 65 300 1.8 0.6 3.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 670 280 390 10.7 9.1 12.2 20 0 15 10.8 0.0 14.3 1,620 550 1,070 8.1 5.4 10.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies 145 50 95 2.3 1.6 3.0 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.5 290 125 165 1.4 1.2 1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 85 30 60 1.4 1.0 1.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 60 95 0.7 0.6 1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 20 0 15 0.3 0.0 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 30 0.3 0.2 0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
40. Physical sciences 35 15 20 0.6 0.5 0.6 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.5 65 40 25 0.3 0.4 0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 115 70 40 1.8 2.3 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 100 65 0.8 1.0 0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 85 55 30 1.4 1.8 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 80 50 0.6 0.8 0.5
25. Library science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics 20 20 0 0.3 0.7 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 25 0 0.1 0.2 0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 855 790 65 13.7 25.8 2.0 20 20 0 10.8 26.7 0.0 2,935 2,705 230 14.6 26.3 2.4
04. Architecture and related services 20 10 0 0.3 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.2 0.1 0.2
14. Engineering 90 75 15 1.4 2.4 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240 190 50 1.2 1.9 0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 150 135 15 2.4 4.4 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 490 430 55 2.4 4.2 0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
46. Construction trades 270 250 20 4.3 8.2 0.6 15 15 0 8.1 20.0 0.0 995 935 55 5.0 9.1 0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 245 235 0 3.9 7.7 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 830 805 25 4.1 7.8 0.3
48. Precision production 90 80 15 1.4 2.6 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 345 320 30 1.7 3.1 0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 220 155 65 3.5 5.1 2.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 525 350 175 2.6 3.4 1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 15 0 10 0.2 0.0 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 35 0.3 0.3 0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation 205 150 55 3.3 4.9 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 450 315 140 2.2 3.1 1.4
Health and related fields 675 130 540 10.8 4.2 17.0 25 10 20 13.5 13.3 19.0 1,560 265 1,290 7.8 2.6 13.2
30.37 Design for human health 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 15 10 10 0.2 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 30 35 0.3 0.3 0.4
51. Health professions and related programs178 635 110 520 10.2 3.6 16.3 25 10 20 13.5 13.3 19.0 1,465 225 1,240 7.3 2.2 12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 25 10 10 0.4 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.1 0.1 0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services 270 175 95 4.3 5.7 3.0 10 0 0 5.4 0.0 0.0 930 555 375 4.6 5.4 3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 165 80 80 2.6 2.6 2.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 525 210 310 2.6 2.0 3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
43. Security and protective services 50 40 10 0.8 1.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 85 30 0.5 0.8 0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving 60 55 0 1.0 1.8 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 260 30 1.4 2.5 0.3
Other179 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data180 6,250 3,065 3,185 100.0 100.0 100.0 185 75 105 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,050 10,270 9,775 100.0 100.0 100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 2,265 1,105 1,155 36.2 36.1 36.3 70 30 40 37.8 40.0 38.1 9,480 4,945 4,535 47.3 48.1 46.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree181 3,990 1,955 2,035 63.8 63.8 63.9 115 50 65 62.2 66.7 61.9 10,565 5,320 5,240 52.7 51.8 53.6
Location of study inside Canada 3,520 1,725 1,795 56.3 56.3 56.4 95 40 55 51.4 53.3 52.4 9,555 4,830 4,730 47.7 47.0 48.4
Same as province or territory of residence 2,775 1,365 1,410 44.4 44.5 44.3 85 35 50 45.9 46.7 47.6 7,740 3,890 3,850 38.6 37.9 39.4
Different than province or territory of residence 750 360 385 12.0 11.7 12.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,815 940 870 9.1 9.2 8.9
Location of study outside Canada182 470 230 240 7.5 7.5 7.5 25 10 15 13.5 13.3 14.3 1,005 495 515 5.0 4.8 5.3
Americas 105 55 50 1.7 1.8 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 135 140 1.4 1.3 1.4
United States of America 95 55 45 1.5 1.8 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 230 125 100 1.1 1.2 1.0
Mexico 10 0 0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cuba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haiti 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Brazil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.2
Colombia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Peru 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Venezuela95 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Europe 70 35 30 1.1 1.1 0.9 10 0 0 5.4 0.0 0.0 225 120 105 1.1 1.2 1.1
Belgium 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
France 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germany 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.2 0.2 0.2
Netherlands 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Switzerland 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungary 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Moldova183 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Poland 10 10 10 0.2 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 10 0.0 0.1 0.1
Romania 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian Federation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukraine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ireland96 10 0 0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
United Kingdom87 20 10 10 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 60 30 0.4 0.6 0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbia86 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Africa 50 25 25 0.8 0.8 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 55 45 0.5 0.5 0.5
Nigeria 10 10 0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 15 0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Algeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morocco 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tunisia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Egypt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
South Africa, Republic of 35 15 20 0.6 0.5 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 40 35 0.4 0.4 0.4
Other locations of study in Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Asia 235 105 130 3.8 3.4 4.1 10 0 10 5.4 0.0 9.5 350 150 200 1.7 1.5 2.0
Iran88 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iraq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Israel 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syria89 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
China90 25 10 15 0.4 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.2
Taiwan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hong Kong91 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korea, South92 25 10 15 0.4 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.1 0.1 0.2
Philippines 65 25 35 1.0 0.8 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 45 80 0.6 0.4 0.8
Viet Nam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
India 105 50 55 1.7 1.6 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 70 75 0.7 0.7 0.8
Pakistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Asia 10 0 0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
Oceania 10 0 0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 25 0.3 0.3 0.3
Australia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.2 0.1 0.2
New Zealand 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data184 9,625 4,725 4,900 ... ... ... 320 145 180 ... ... ... 30,490 15,645 14,845 ... ... ...
In the labour force 6,470 3,400 3,075 ... ... ... 210 100 110 ... ... ... 18,835 10,140 8,690 ... ... ...
Employed 6,055 3,180 2,880 ... ... ... 180 90 90 ... ... ... 16,890 9,010 7,875 ... ... ...
Unemployed 420 220 195 ... ... ... 25 0 20 ... ... ... 1,945 1,125 815 ... ... ...
Not in the labour force 3,155 1,325 1,830 ... ... ... 115 45 65 ... ... ... 11,655 5,505 6,150 ... ... ...
Participation rate 67.2 72.0 62.8 67.2 72.0 62.8 65.6 69.0 61.1 65.6 69.0 61.1 61.8 64.8 58.5 61.8 64.8 58.5
Employment rate 62.9 67.3 58.8 62.9 67.3 58.8 56.3 62.1 50.0 56.3 62.1 50.0 55.4 57.6 53.0 55.4 57.6 53.0
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.5 6.5 6.3 11.9 0.0 18.2 11.9 0.0 18.2 10.3 11.1 9.4 10.3 11.1 9.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data185 9,625 4,725 4,900 100.0 100.0 100.0 325 145 180 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,490 15,645 14,845 100.0 100.0 100.0
Did not work186 3,040 1,285 1,755 31.6 27.2 35.8 120 50 70 36.9 34.5 38.9 11,460 5,420 6,040 37.6 34.6 40.7
Worked 6,590 3,440 3,150 68.5 72.8 64.3 200 95 105 61.5 65.5 58.3 19,030 10,220 8,810 62.4 65.3 59.3
Worked full year full time187 3,320 1,885 1,435 34.5 39.9 29.3 85 35 50 26.2 24.1 27.8 9,985 5,660 4,325 32.7 36.2 29.1
Worked part year and/or part time188 3,270 1,555 1,715 34.0 32.9 35.0 115 60 55 35.4 41.4 30.6 9,045 4,560 4,485 29.7 29.1 30.2
Average weeks worked in reference year 41.1 41.4 40.9 41.1 41.4 40.9 38.0 34.4 41.2 38.0 34.4 41.2 41.0 41.1 40.9 41.0 41.1 40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data189 6,470 3,400 3,070 100.0 100.0 100.0 210 100 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 18,830 10,140 8,695 100.0 100.0 100.0
Class of worker - not applicable190 65 35 35 1.0 1.0 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 280 205 2.6 2.8 2.4
All classes of workers191 6,405 3,360 3,040 99.0 98.8 99.0 200 90 110 95.2 90.0 100.0 18,350 9,860 8,490 97.5 97.2 97.6
Employee 5,630 2,940 2,690 87.0 86.5 87.6 175 85 90 83.3 85.0 81.8 16,355 8,730 7,625 86.9 86.1 87.7
Permanent position 4,745 2,515 2,235 73.3 74.0 72.8 120 45 70 57.1 45.0 63.6 13,455 7,215 6,235 71.5 71.2 71.7
Temporary position 880 430 450 13.6 12.6 14.7 60 35 25 28.6 35.0 22.7 2,900 1,510 1,390 15.4 14.9 16.0
Fixed term (1 year or more) 245 120 120 3.8 3.5 3.9 20 15 10 9.5 15.0 9.1 855 400 455 4.5 3.9 5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year) 635 300 330 9.8 8.8 10.7 45 25 15 21.4 25.0 13.6 2,045 1,110 935 10.9 10.9 10.8
Self-employed192 780 425 350 12.1 12.5 11.4 20 10 15 9.5 10.0 13.6 1,995 1,130 865 10.6 11.1 9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data193 6,470 3,400 3,070 100.0 100.0 100.0 210 100 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 18,830 10,140 8,695 100.0 100.0 100.0
Occupation - not applicable190 65 35 35 1.0 1.0 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 280 205 2.6 2.8 2.4
All occupations191 6,405 3,360 3,040 99.0 98.8 99.0 200 90 110 95.2 90.0 100.0 18,350 9,860 8,490 97.5 97.2 97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations 50 45 0 0.8 1.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 90 60 0.8 0.9 0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 860 225 640 13.3 6.6 20.8 25 0 20 11.9 0.0 18.2 2,410 545 1,865 12.8 5.4 21.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 450 350 95 7.0 10.3 3.1 15 10 0 7.1 10.0 0.0 1,010 735 275 5.4 7.2 3.2
3 Health occupations 690 115 570 10.7 3.4 18.6 10 0 10 4.8 0.0 9.1 1,370 250 1,115 7.3 2.5 12.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 945 315 630 14.6 9.3 20.5 40 10 30 19.0 10.0 27.3 2,645 805 1,840 14.0 7.9 21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 120 30 90 1.9 0.9 2.9 10 0 0 4.8 0.0 0.0 340 100 240 1.8 1.0 2.8
6 Sales and service occupations 1,625 740 885 25.1 21.8 28.8 70 35 30 33.3 35.0 27.3 4,150 1,685 2,460 22.0 16.6 28.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 1,315 1,220 95 20.3 35.9 3.1 30 25 0 14.3 25.0 0.0 4,610 4,195 410 24.5 41.4 4.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 115 90 20 1.8 2.6 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 595 125 3.8 5.9 1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 235 220 10 3.6 6.5 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 940 850 90 5.0 8.4 1.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data194 6,470 3,400 3,070 100.0 100.0 100.0 210 100 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 18,830 10,140 8,695 100.0 100.0 100.0
Industry - not applicable190 65 35 35 1.0 1.0 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 280 205 2.6 2.8 2.4
All industries191 6,405 3,360 3,040 99.0 98.8 99.0 200 90 110 95.2 90.0 100.0 18,350 9,860 8,490 97.5 97.2 97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 150 125 30 2.3 3.7 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 650 520 125 3.5 5.1 1.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 85 70 20 1.3 2.1 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 550 425 130 2.9 4.2 1.5
22 Utilities 75 60 15 1.2 1.8 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 145 35 0.9 1.4 0.4
23 Construction 650 540 105 10.0 15.9 3.4 20 15 0 9.5 15.0 0.0 2,130 1,770 355 11.3 17.5 4.1
31-33 Manufacturing 315 280 35 4.9 8.2 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,485 1,250 230 7.9 12.3 2.6
41 Wholesale trade 185 145 40 2.9 4.3 1.3 10 0 0 4.8 0.0 0.0 400 295 100 2.1 2.9 1.2
44-45 Retail trade 805 400 405 12.4 11.8 13.2 35 30 10 16.7 30.0 9.1 1,985 960 1,025 10.5 9.5 11.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 315 240 80 4.9 7.1 2.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 975 735 240 5.2 7.2 2.8
51 Information and cultural industries 90 45 40 1.4 1.3 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 170 95 75 0.9 0.9 0.9
52 Finance and insurance 175 50 130 2.7 1.5 4.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 75 250 1.7 0.7 2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 95 50 40 1.5 1.5 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 105 120 1.2 1.0 1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 375 220 150 5.8 6.5 4.9 15 10 0 7.1 10.0 0.0 825 480 345 4.4 4.7 4.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 15 0.1 0.0 0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 220 145 80 3.4 4.3 2.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 690 435 255 3.7 4.3 2.9
61 Educational services 605 205 400 9.4 6.0 13.0 25 0 25 11.9 0.0 22.7 1,525 445 1,080 8.1 4.4 12.4
62 Health care and social assistance 1,165 235 935 18.0 6.9 30.5 30 0 30 14.3 0.0 27.3 2,620 480 2,145 13.9 4.7 24.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 75 25 50 1.2 0.7 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 310 120 190 1.6 1.2 2.2
72 Accommodation and food services 410 200 210 6.3 5.9 6.8 20 10 10 9.5 10.0 9.1 1,010 395 610 5.4 3.9 7.0
81 Other services (except public administration) 230 125 110 3.6 3.7 3.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 330 395 3.8 3.3 4.5
91 Public administration 380 215 170 5.9 6.3 5.5 10 10 0 4.8 10.0 0.0 1,570 805 765 8.3 7.9 8.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data195 7,010 3,650 3,360 100.0 100.0 100.0 220 105 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,410 10,900 9,510 100.0 100.0 100.0
English 6,910 3,605 3,310 98.6 98.8 98.5 210 105 105 95.5 100.0 95.5 19,825 10,640 9,185 97.1 97.6 96.6
French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.1 0.0 0.2
Non-official language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.1 0.2 0.2
Indigenous39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Non-Indigenous 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
English and French 60 25 35 0.9 0.7 1.0 10 0 0 4.5 0.0 0.0 210 105 100 1.0 1.0 1.1
English and non-official language(s) 35 15 15 0.5 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320 120 195 1.6 1.1 2.1
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data196 7,010 3,650 3,360 100.0 100.0 100.0 220 105 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,410 10,900 9,510 100.0 100.0 100.0
Single responses 7,005 3,650 3,360 99.9 100.0 100.0 220 105 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,370 10,870 9,495 99.8 99.7 99.8
Official languages 7,000 3,635 3,360 99.9 99.6 100.0 220 105 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,310 10,840 9,465 99.5 99.4 99.5
English 6,975 3,630 3,345 99.5 99.5 99.6 215 105 110 97.7 100.0 100.0 20,255 10,830 9,420 99.2 99.4 99.1
French 25 0 15 0.4 0.0 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 10 40 0.3 0.1 0.4
Non-official languages 10 10 0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 25 35 0.3 0.2 0.4
Indigenous languages39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.2 0.1 0.3
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.1 0.1 0.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 10 10 0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.1 0.2 0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cebuano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hindi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Portuguese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Spanish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
American Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Chinese languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple responses 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 25 10 0.2 0.2 0.1
English and French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 10 0.1 0.1 0.1
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data197 7,010 3,650 3,360 100.0 100.0 100.0 220 105 110 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,410 10,900 9,510 100.0 100.0 100.0
None 6,920 3,610 3,310 98.7 98.9 98.5 210 105 105 95.5 100.0 95.5 19,905 10,685 9,230 97.5 98.0 97.1
English 30 10 15 0.4 0.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 25 40 0.3 0.2 0.4
French 35 20 20 0.5 0.5 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 85 75 0.8 0.8 0.8
Non-official language 30 10 15 0.4 0.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 265 100 160 1.3 0.9 1.7
Indigenous39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 70 125 1.0 0.6 1.3
Non-Indigenous 25 10 15 0.4 0.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 35 35 0.4 0.3 0.4
English and French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data198 6,055 3,180 2,875 100.0 100.0 100.0 185 95 90 100.0 100.0 100.0 16,890 9,010 7,880 100.0 100.0 100.0
Worked at home 660 290 365 10.9 9.1 12.7 15 10 10 8.1 10.5 11.1 1,565 650 920 9.3 7.2 11.7
Worked outside Canada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.1 0.0 0.1
No fixed workplace address 850 655 195 14.0 20.6 6.8 15 0 10 8.1 0.0 11.1 2,805 2,180 625 16.6 24.2 7.9
Usual place of work 4,555 2,235 2,315 75.2 70.3 80.5 155 80 70 83.8 84.2 77.8 12,505 6,185 6,320 74.0 68.6 80.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data199 4,550 2,235 2,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 155 80 75 100.0 100.0 100.0 12,505 6,185 6,325 100.0 100.0 100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 3,695 1,695 1,995 81.2 75.8 86.2 140 65 75 90.3 81.3 100.0 8,205 3,940 4,265 65.6 63.7 67.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 495 330 170 10.9 14.8 7.3 10 10 0 6.5 12.5 0.0 3,480 1,740 1,740 27.8 28.1 27.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 355 210 145 7.8 9.4 6.3 10 10 0 6.5 12.5 0.0 765 450 310 6.1 7.3 4.9
Commute to a different province or territory 10 0 0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 55 10 0.5 0.9 0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data200 5,400 2,890 2,515 100.0 100.0 100.0 170 85 85 100.0 100.0 100.0 15,310 8,365 6,950 100.0 100.0 100.0
Car, truck or van 4,725 2,545 2,175 87.5 88.1 86.5 150 75 70 88.2 88.2 82.4 13,620 7,445 6,175 89.0 89.0 88.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver 4,300 2,320 1,980 79.6 80.3 78.7 130 60 70 76.5 70.6 82.4 12,360 6,780 5,575 80.7 81.1 80.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger 425 225 195 7.9 7.8 7.8 15 15 0 8.8 17.6 0.0 1,260 660 595 8.2 7.9 8.6
Public transit 115 80 35 2.1 2.8 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 265 100 2.4 3.2 1.4
Walked 430 175 255 8.0 6.1 10.1 10 0 0 5.9 0.0 0.0 950 435 520 6.2 5.2 7.5
Bicycle 75 35 35 1.4 1.2 1.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 170 95 80 1.1 1.1 1.2
Other method 55 40 15 1.0 1.4 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 125 80 1.3 1.5 1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data201 5,400 2,890 2,515 100.0 100.0 100.0 170 85 85 100.0 100.0 100.0 15,310 8,365 6,950 100.0 100.0 100.0
Less than 15 minutes 3,990 2,005 1,985 73.9 69.4 78.9 150 75 80 88.2 88.2 94.1 9,640 4,700 4,950 63.0 56.2 71.2
15 to 29 minutes 730 355 375 13.5 12.3 14.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,465 2,050 1,420 22.6 24.5 20.4
30 to 44 minutes 195 120 80 3.6 4.2 3.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 715 450 265 4.7 5.4 3.8
45 to 59 minutes 170 135 40 3.1 4.7 1.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 545 395 145 3.6 4.7 2.1
60 minutes and over 310 275 35 5.7 9.5 1.4 10 10 0 5.9 11.8 0.0 940 765 175 6.1 9.1 2.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data202 5,400 2,890 2,515 100.0 100.0 100.0 170 85 85 100.0 100.0 100.0 15,310 8,365 6,950 100.0 100.0 100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 260 195 70 4.8 6.7 2.8 20 15 10 11.8 17.6 11.8 1,245 970 275 8.1 11.6 4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 740 500 245 13.7 17.3 9.7 20 15 10 11.8 17.6 11.8 2,370 1,705 660 15.5 20.4 9.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 1,345 765 575 24.9 26.5 22.9 20 0 20 11.8 0.0 23.5 3,540 1,975 1,560 23.1 23.6 22.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 1,600 695 905 29.6 24.0 36.0 50 25 20 29.4 29.4 23.5 4,300 1,725 2,575 28.1 20.6 37.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 635 220 415 11.8 7.6 16.5 35 20 20 20.6 23.5 23.5 1,645 590 1,055 10.7 7.1 15.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 825 515 310 15.3 17.8 12.3 15 10 10 8.8 11.8 11.8 2,215 1,395 820 14.5 16.7 11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data203 2,735 1,385 1,355 100.0 100.0 100.0 85 35 50 100.0 100.0 100.0 8,285 4,200 4,085 100.0 100.0 100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 250 115 130 9.1 8.3 9.6 5 0 5 5.9 0.0 10.0 570 285 280 6.9 6.8 6.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 2,490 1,270 1,220 91.0 91.7 90.0 85 35 45 100.0 100.0 90.0 7,715 3,910 3,805 93.1 93.1 93.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data204 1,930 980 945 100.0 100.0 100.0 70 25 45 100.0 100.0 100.0 6,005 3,060 2,945 100.0 100.0 100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 185 85 105 9.6 8.7 11.1 5 0 5 7.1 0.0 11.1 425 215 210 7.1 7.0 7.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 120 60 60 6.2 6.1 6.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 110 105 3.6 3.6 3.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 70 25 40 3.6 2.6 4.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 100 105 3.4 3.3 3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 1,735 895 845 89.9 91.3 89.4 65 25 35 92.9 100.0 77.8 5,580 2,845 2,735 92.9 93.0 92.9

Symbol legend

Note: Gender

Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman).

Gender includes the following concepts:

  • gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually;
  • gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (e.g., clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender.

A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's licence. A person's gender may change over time.

Some people may not identify with a specific gender.

Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is sometimes necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. In these cases, individuals in the category "non-binary persons" are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the "＋" symbol.

"Men＋" includes men (and/or boys), as well as some non-binary persons.

"Women＋" includes women (and/or girls), as well as some non-binary persons.

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2021 and 2016 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

Private dwelling refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

A private dwelling occupied by usual residents refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 11, 2021.

Footnote 4

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Footnote 5

A census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a one-parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Footnote 6

There is no age restriction on children. Includes children living with a grandparent or grandparents without a parent present.

Footnote 7

Includes foster children.

Footnote 8

Multigenerational households represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the grandparent of a person in the household and the parent of another person in the same household. They also represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the child of a person in the household and the grandchild of another person in the same household. In previous censuses, multigenerational households were only created based on the former definition, not the latter. As a result, there may be small differences in counts for 2011 and 2016 in archived tables.

Footnote 9

Excludes multigenerational households.

Footnote 10

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 11

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 12

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 13

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2020. For more information, see variable work activity in 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 14

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 16

Part year or part time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or 48 weeks or less during 2020. For more information, see variable work activity in 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 17

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 18

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 19

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 20

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 22

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 23

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 24

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 25

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. The reference period for this variable is calendar year 2019. The variable is intended for comparison with its 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

Footnote 26

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 27

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 28

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 29

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 30

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Footnote 31

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
    • - income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 32

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 33

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Footnote 34

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 35

The Gini coefficient, or Gini index, is a measure of inequality that indicates how equally income is distributed for a given population. It measures how much an income distribution deviates from perfect equality. Values of the Gini coefficient can range from 0 to 1. A value of 0 indicates that income is equally divided among the population, with all units receiving exactly the same amount of income. At the opposite extreme, a Gini coefficient of 1 denotes a perfectly unequal distribution, where one unit has all of the income in the economy.

For the census, Gini coefficients are calculated for three types of adjusted household income—market income, total income and after tax income. Adjusted income is computed by dividing the household income by a factor equal to the square root of the household size (known as the equivalence scale). This adjustment for different household sizes takes into account economies of scale. It reflects the fact that the needs of a household increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

The P90/P10 ratio is a measure of inequality. It is the ratio of the 90th and the 10th percentile of the adjusted household after-tax income. The 90th percentile means 90% of the population has income that falls below this threshold. The 10th percentile means 10% of the population has income that falls below this threshold.

Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 37

First official language spoken refers to the first official language (English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 38

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned more than one language at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has more than one mother tongue only if they learned these languages at the same time, and still understands them. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. A child who has not yet learned to speak has more than one mother tongue only if these languages are spoken to them equally often so that the child learns these languages at the same time.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 39

Users should be aware that estimates associated with Indigenous languages are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

Footnote 40

All languages spoken at home refers to all languages that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 41

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as "spoken most often at home" if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which they feel most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where more than one language is spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If more than one language is spoken equally often to the child, then these languages are included here.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 42

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the language(s), if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language(s) they speak most often at home.

Comparisons to previous Census data is not recommended for the 'Other languages spoken regularly at home' variable.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 43

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

Knowledge of non-official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 44

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Indigenous variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 45

This category includes persons who identify as First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who report being Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada), and/or those who report having membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 46

This category includes persons who identify as only one Indigenous group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 47

This category includes persons who identify as any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 48

This category includes persons who do not identify as First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who report having Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 49

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 50

Tenure refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, 'dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band,' has been created for census purposes.

Footnote 51

Condominium status refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Footnote 52

Bedrooms refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Footnote 53

Rooms refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms in a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms in a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Footnote 54

Number of persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Footnote 55

Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

'Housing suitability' assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age, sex, and relationships among household members. An alternative variable, 'persons per room,' considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Footnote 56

Period of construction refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed.

This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodeling, additions or conversions.

For properties having multiple residential structures, this refers to the period in which the most recent structure was completed.

Footnote 57

Includes data up to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 58

Dwelling condition refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Footnote 59

Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments, the reference person is identified by default.

Footnote 60

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Footnote 61

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2021, while household total income is reported for the year 2020. As well, for some households, the 2020 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Footnote 62

Acceptable housing refers to whether a household meets each of the three indicator thresholds established by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation for housing adequacy, suitability and affordability.

Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows:

  • Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs.
  • Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income.
  • Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives.

Acceptable housing identifies which thresholds the household falls below, if any. Housing that is adequate in condition, suitable in size and affordable is considered to be acceptable.

Households below and above the thresholds are based on the indicators for which individual households can be assessed. Farm and on-reserve households whose housing does not meet either or both of the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households below the thresholds. Farm and on-reserve households who live in housing that meets both the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households above the thresholds (even though it is not possible to assess housing affordability for these households). Farm households and on-reserve households cannot be assessed for housing affordability because the concept is not applicable.

Housing affordability is assessed for owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings.

Footnote 63

Core housing need refers to whether a private household's housing falls below at least one of the indicator thresholds for housing adequacy, affordability or suitability, and would have to spend 30% or more of its total before-tax income to pay the median rent of alternative local housing that is acceptable (attains all three housing indicator thresholds). Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows: Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs. Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income. Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives. Only private, non-farm, non-reserve and owner- or renter-households with incomes greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratios less than 100% are assessed for 'core housing need.' Non-family households with at least one maintainer aged 15 to 29 attending school are considered not to be in 'core housing need' regardless of their housing circumstances. Attending school is considered a transitional phase, and low incomes earned by student households are viewed as being a temporary condition.

Footnote 64

Presence of mortgage payments refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Footnote 65

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band, shelter costs include, where applicable, the monthly use or occupancy payment and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Footnote 66

Value (owner estimated) refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Footnote 67

Subsidized housing refers to whether a renter household lives in a dwelling that is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Footnote 68

'Indigenous ancestry' refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Indigenous peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and/or Inuit. Aboriginal peoples (referred to here as Indigenous peoples) of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, Section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. The term 'Aboriginal' has been replaced with the updated term of 'Indigenous' when referring to individuals who identify themselves as First Nations people, Métis and/or Inuit. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Indigenous variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 69

'Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 70

'Single Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 71

'Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 72

'Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 73

'Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 74

'Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 75

'Non-Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Indigenous ancestry only.

Footnote 76

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 77

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 78

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 79

'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 80

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 81

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 82

Includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 83

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country with a usual place of residence in Canada and who have a work or study permit or who have claimed refugee status (asylum claimants). Family members living with work or study permit holders are also included, unless these family members are already Canadian citizens, landed immigrants or permanent residents.

Footnote 84

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 85

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2021 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country or area of interest if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 86

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 87

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 88

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 89

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 90

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 91

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 92

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 93

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 94

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2016 and May 11, 2021.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2021 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country or area of interest if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 95

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 96

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 97

The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.

Footnote 98

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 99

'Generation status' refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 100

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 101

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 102

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with all parents born in Canada.

Footnote 103

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on their application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2021 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who were admitted to Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 11, 2021.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 104

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 105

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on their application for permanent residence.

Footnote 106

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on their application for permanent residence.

Footnote 107

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 108

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 109

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 110

'Pre-admission experience' refers to the category under which an immigrant was authorized to enter Canada for temporary residence purposes before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

In the 2021 Census of Population, data on pre-admission experience are available for immigrants who were admitted to Canada between January 1, 1980, and May 11, 2021.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 111

This category includes immigrants who had an asylum claim before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. This category includes immigrants who had an asylum claim with a work and/or study permit before admission.

Footnote 112

This category includes immigrants who had a work permit only before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. A work permit is a document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada that authorizes a person to work on a temporary basis in Canada. Work permits set out conditions for the worker, such as the type of work and employer, location of work, and timeline of work.

Footnote 113

This category includes immigrants who had a study permit only before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. A study permit is a document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada that authorizes a person to study at an educational institution in Canada for the duration of the program of study.

Footnote 114

This category includes immigrants who had both a work and a study permit before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

Footnote 115

This category includes immigrants who had a permit other than a work permit, study permit, or asylum claim before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

Footnote 116

This category includes immigrants who did not have a permit for temporary residence purposes before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

Footnote 117

'Visible minority' refers to whether a person is a visible minority or not, as defined by the Employment Equity Act. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Arab, Latin American, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, the term "visible minority" has been replaced by the terms "racialized population" or "racialized groups", reflecting the increased use of these terms in the public sphere.

For more information on visible minority and population group variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 118

In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, the term "visible minority" has been replaced by the terms "racialized population" or "racialized groups", reflecting the increased use of these terms in the public sphere.

Footnote 119

The abbreviation "n.i.e." means "not included elsewhere." This category includes persons who provided responses that are classified as a visible minority, but that cannot be classified with a specific visible minority group. Such responses include, for example, "Guyanese," "Pacific Islander," "Polynesian," "Tibetan" and "West Indian."

Footnote 120

In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, this category is referred to as "the rest of the population."

Footnote 121

'Ethnic or cultural origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. Ancestors may have Indigenous origins, origins that refer to different countries or other origins that may not refer to different countries.

The sum of the ethnic or cultural origins in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic or cultural origin in the census.

The ethnic groups selected are the most frequently reported at the Canada level.

For more information on ethnic or cultural origin variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Ethnic or Cultural Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 122

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating French origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "French").

Footnote 123

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating British Isles origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "British," "United Kingdom").

Footnote 124

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Caucasian (White) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Caucasian").

Footnote 125

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating First Nations (North American Indian) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "First Nations," "North American Indian").

Footnote 126

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "European").

Footnote 127

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "African").

Footnote 128

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Arab origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Arab").

Footnote 129

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Asian").

Footnote 130

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Cree origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Cree").

Footnote 131

The abbreviation "n.i.e." means "not included elsewhere." This category includes responses indicating Christian origins, not included elsewhere (e.g., "Christian," "Baptist," "Catholic").

Footnote 132

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North American Indigenous origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Aboriginal," "Indigenous").

Footnote 133

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating South Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "South Asian").

Footnote 134

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Mi'kmaq origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Mi'kmaq").

Footnote 135

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Northern European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Northern European," "Scandinavian").

Footnote 136

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Latin American," "South American").

Footnote 137

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Black origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Black").

Footnote 138

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Inuit origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Inuit").

Footnote 139

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Eastern European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Eastern European").

Footnote 140

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating East or Southeast Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "East Asian," "Southeast Asian").

Footnote 141

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Central Asian," "Middle Eastern," "West Asian").

Footnote 142

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Caribbean origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Caribbean").

Footnote 143

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating West Indian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "West Indian").

Footnote 144

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Hispanic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Hispanic").

Footnote 145

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Western European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Western European").

Footnote 146

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Czechoslovakian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Czechoslovakian").

Footnote 147

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Yugoslavian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Yugoslavian").

Footnote 148

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Slavic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Slavic").

Footnote 149

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Innu origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Innu," "Montagnais").

Footnote 150

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Celtic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Celtic").

Footnote 151

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North American origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "North American").

Footnote 152

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Dene origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Dene").

Footnote 153

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Blackfoot origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Blackfoot").

Footnote 154

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Iroquoian (Haudenosaunee) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Iroquois," "Haudenosaunee").

Footnote 155

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "North African").

Footnote 156

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Southern or East African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "East African").

Footnote 157

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified.' This category includes responses indicating Anishinaabe origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Anishinaabe").

Footnote 158

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Bantu origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Bantu").

Footnote 159

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Akan origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Akan").

Footnote 160

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Central or West African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Central African," "West African").

Footnote 161

'Religion' refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. This variable shows the aggregated responses to the religion question. For infants or children, religion refers to the specific religious group or denomination in which they are being raised, if any. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response. For more information on religion variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Religion Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 162

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses of "Christian," not otherwise specified (e.g., "Christian," "Christianity").

Footnote 163

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 11, 2021, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 164

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 11, 2021, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 165

For information on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.

Footnote 166

This includes all persons with a high school diploma or equivalency certificate, regardless of whether they also completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 167

'High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational credential. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 168

'Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions. It also includes qualifications from vocational training programs in the province of Quebec such as the Diplôme d'études professionnelles (DEP)/Diploma of Vocational Studies (DVS).

Footnote 169

'Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificates of Apprenticeship, Certificates of Qualification and Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 170

College, CEGEP and other non-university certificates and diplomas obtained from programs that are typically completed in less than three months are not included in this category.

Footnote 171

'Earned doctorate' does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 172

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2021 - Alternative primary groupings,' with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada, 2021. For information on classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.

Footnote 173

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' is made up of persons who have not completed any credentials above a high school diploma.

Footnote 174

Includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies,' '30.29 Maritime studies,' '30.45 History and language/literature,' '30.47 Linguistics and anthropology,' '30.51 Integrated philosophy, politics, and economics,' '30.52 Digital humanities and textual studies,' and '30.53 Thanatology.'

Footnote 175

Includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/globalization studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction,' '30.33 Sustainability studies,' '30.34 Anthrozoology,' '30.36 Cultural studies and comparative literature,' '30.40 Economics and foreign language/literature,' '30.44 Geography and environmental studies,' and '30.46 History and political science.'

Footnote 176

Includes '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology,' '30.32 Marine sciences,' '30.35 Climate science,' '30.38 Earth systems science,' '30.41 Environmental geosciences,' '30.42 Geoarchaeology,' '30.43 Geobiology,' and '30.50 Mathematics and atmospheric/oceanic science.'

Footnote 177

Includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science,' '30.30 Computational science,' '30.39 Economics and computer science,' '30.48 Linguistics and computer science,' '30.49 Mathematical economics,' '30.70 Data science' and '30.71 Data analytics.'

Footnote 178

Veterinary medicine, veterinary science, veterinary technology, and veterinary administrative support services, which were included in series '51. Health professions and related programs' in CIP 2016, are now included in series '01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields' in CIP 2021.

Footnote 179

Includes '30.00 Inclusive postsecondary education' and '30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 180

For information on classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.

Footnote 181

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 182

The location of study is not compared with the location of residence for persons who studied outside Canada. The locations of study outside Canada that are listed here are those which were the most frequently reported at the Canada level.

Footnote 183

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 184

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 2 to Saturday, May 8, 2021.

For information on the comparability of the 2021 Census labour force status data with those of the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix 2.11 of the Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 185

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2020 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 186

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2020 and persons who worked in 2021, but not in 2020.

Footnote 187

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2020.

Footnote 188

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year either mostly full time or mostly part time in 2020. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 189

Class of worker including job permanency refers to whether a person is a paid employee or is self-employed. Employees' positions are further classified as either permanent or temporary.

Footnote 190

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2020.

Footnote 191

Includes persons aged 15 years and over in the labour force who have worked at some point in time between January 1, 2020 and May 8, 2021.

Footnote 192

Includes self-employed persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business and with or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 193

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the National Occupational Classification [NOC] 2021 Version 1.0.

Footnote 194

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The industry data are produced according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 3.0.

Footnote 195

"All languages used at work" refers to all languages that the person uses in their job on a regular basis.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 196

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as "used most often at work" if the languages are used equally often.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 197

"Other language(s) used regularly at work" refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages they use most often at work.

Comparisons to previous census data is not recommended for the ‘Other languages used regularly at work’ variable.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 198

Place of work status refers to whether a person worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address, or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 199

Commuting destination refers to whether or not a person commutes to another municipality (i.e., census subdivision), another census division or another province or territory. Commuting refers to the travel of a person to their usual place of work.

Footnote 200

Main mode of commuting refers to the main mode of transportation a person uses to travel to their place of work.

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 201

Commuting duration refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel to their place of work.

Footnote 202

Time leaving for work refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves to go to their place of work.

Footnote 203

Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec, pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria, except citizenship.

In the 2021 Census, the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31, 2020.

More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language, including definitions, concepts and classifications, the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.

Footnote 204

Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec, pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria, except citizenship.

In the 2021 Census, the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31, 2020. However, the total population for this profile is school-aged children born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive), representing children 5 to 17 years of age on December 31, 2020.

For residents of Quebec, instruction in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada refers to children who have been instructed, for at least one year, in an English-language school (including in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. For residents of Canada outside Quebec, it refers to children who have been instructed, for at least one year, in a regular French program in a French-language school (excluding in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada.

More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language, including definitions, concepts and classifications, the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.

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