Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Northern Rockies, Regional municipality (RGM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,947	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,862^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 18.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,268	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,692	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	84,759.31	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,945	2,050	1,895
0 to 14 years	785	410	380
0 to 4 years	205	100	95
5 to 9 years	270	145	130
10 to 14 years	320	160	155
15 to 64 years	2,660	1,365	1,290
15 to 19 years	235	140	90
20 to 24 years	175	95	85
25 to 29 years	210	110	105
30 to 34 years	290	135	155
35 to 39 years	295	155	140
40 to 44 years	280	125	155
45 to 49 years	235	130	105
50 to 54 years	275	130	150
55 to 59 years	320	180	140
60 to 64 years	340	175	170
65 years and over	505	275	225
65 to 69 years	250	140	105
70 to 74 years	145	75	70
75 to 79 years	60	40	25
80 to 84 years	25	20	5
85 years and over	25	10	15
85 to 89 years	20	5	15
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	5	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.9	20.0	20.1
15 to 64 years	67.4	66.6	68.1
65 years and over	12.8	13.4	11.9
85 years and over	0.6	0.5	0.8
Average age of the population	39.1	39.3	38.8
Median age of the population	39.6	39.6	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,695	...	...
Single-detached house	975	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...
Row house	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	150	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	440	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,690	...	...
1 person	560	...	...
2 persons	595	...	...
3 persons	220	...	...
4 persons	185	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,865	2,005	1,860
Average household size	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,160	1,645	1,515
Married or living common-law	1,875	940	935
Married	1,400	700	700
Living common-law	475	235	235
Living common law - Never married	345	180	170
Living common law - Separated	35	15	15
Living common law - Divorced	85	35	45
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	1,285	710	580
Not married and not living common law - Never married	840	500	340
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	45	60
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	215	125	90
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	125	35	85
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,095	...	...
2 persons	590	...	...
3 persons	210	...	...
4 persons	190	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,095	...	...
Total couple families	905	...	...
Married couples	670	...	...
With children⁶	305	...	...
Without children	370	...	...
Common-law couples	240	...	...
With children⁶	115	...	...
Without children	120	...	...
Total one-parent families	180	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	130	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	50	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,865	2,005	1,860
Total - Persons in census families	3,120	1,580	1,545
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,820	910	905
Parents in one-parent families	185	50	135
Children⁶	1,120	615	500
In a two-parent family	805	455	355
In a one-parent family	310	165	150
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	740	430	315
Living alone	560	330	225
Living with other relatives⁷	65	40	30
Living with non-relatives only	115	50	65
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,690	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,010	...	...
Couple-family households	855	...	...
With children⁶	390	...	...
Without children	465	...	...
One-parent-family households	150	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	40	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...
One-person households	560	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,080	1,600	1,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,980	1,540	1,445
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	58,000	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,980	1,540	1,445
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	52,400	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,655	1,395	1,260
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	56,000	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,390	1,250	1,135
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	58,800	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,330	1,130	1,200
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,300	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	155	185
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,280	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	835	405	435
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,080	1,600	1,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,985	1,540	1,450
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,250	69,500	46,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,985	1,540	1,450
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,080	58,550	41,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,645	1,350	1,290
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,250	69,300	40,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,390	1,245	1,145
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,050	66,200	38,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,340	1,135	1,205
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,890	11,340	12,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	360	160	200
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,120	7,350	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	910	430	475
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,220	9,120	9,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,080	1,600	1,480
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,000	565	435
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,000	89,000	55,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,800	93,200	59,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,095	540	550
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,400	42,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,100	51,200	29,100
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	88.0	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.0	77.6	65.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.0	12.1	22.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.1	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	4.3	8.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	3.7	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,080	1,600	1,480
Without total income	100	60	40
With total income	2,980	1,540	1,440
Under $10,000 (including loss)	285	120	170
$10,000 to $19,999	285	130	160
$20,000 to $29,999	380	165	215
$30,000 to $39,999	380	150	235
$40,000 to $49,999	300	120	185
$50,000 to $59,999	245	115	130
$60,000 to $69,999	215	105	105
$70,000 to $79,999	150	100	50
$80,000 to $89,999	145	95	55
$90,000 to $99,999	135	85	45
$100,000 and over	450	360	95
$100,000 to $149,999	315	245	75
$150,000 and over	140	120	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,080	1,600	1,480
Without after-tax income	100	60	40
With after-tax income	2,980	1,540	1,440
Under $10,000 (including loss)	295	125	165
$10,000 to $19,999	300	135	165
$20,000 to $29,999	435	180	260
$30,000 to $39,999	390	150	240
$40,000 to $49,999	340	150	190
$50,000 to $59,999	270	130	135
$60,000 to $69,999	230	145	90
$70,000 to $79,999	195	125	65
$80,000 to $89,999	145	85	60
$90,000 to $99,999	95	80	20
$100,000 and over	285	235	50
$100,000 to $124,999	175	145	30
$125,000 and over	110	90	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,080	1,600	1,480
Without employment income	690	345	340
With employment income	2,390	1,255	1,135
Under $5,000 (including loss)	335	155	175
$5,000 to $9,999	155	60	100
$10,000 to $19,999	230	90	135
$20,000 to $29,999	215	80	135
$30,000 to $39,999	225	85	145
$40,000 to $49,999	200	85	120
$50,000 to $59,999	160	75	80
$60,000 to $69,999	155	85	70
$70,000 to $79,999	125	80	40
$80,000 to $89,999	110	80	30
$90,000 to $99,999	110	75	35
$100,000 and over	370	305	65
$100,000 to $124,999	160	130	35
$125,000 and over	205	180	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,080	1,600	1,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,925	1,510	1,410
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	59,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,930	1,510	1,420
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	53,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,645	1,410	1,235
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	57,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,445	1,305	1,140
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	56,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,790	795	1,000
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	7,950	7,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	310	140	165
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,500	8,000	5,920
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,080	1,600	1,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,920	1,510	1,420
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,950	73,000	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,935	1,510	1,435
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,240	60,000	37,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,650	1,380	1,265
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,200	74,100	43,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,445	1,280	1,165
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,550	71,800	41,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,800	805	995
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,710	9,680	7,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	340	190	155
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,640	8,600	6,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,080	1,600	1,480
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,000	565	435
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	89,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,200	93,200	58,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,060	525	535
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,200	48,400	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	50,300	66,400	34,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.0	93.0	87.2
Employment income (%)	81.6	83.6	78.4
Government transfers (%)	9.1	7.1	12.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.5	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,690	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	560	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,135	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,695	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	102,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,690	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...
$100,000 and over	690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	195	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	185	...	...
$200,000 and over	160	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,690	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...
$100,000 and over	575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,095	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	475	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	675	385	285
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	50,800	42,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	46,400	39,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,120	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	640	380	255
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,000	56,800	52,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,200	49,200	46,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,865	2,005	1,860
0 to 17 years	935	495	440
0 to 5 years	250	130	115
18 to 64 years	2,465	1,245	1,215
65 years and over	465	265	205
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	430	215	215
0 to 17 years	135	65	70
0 to 5 years	35	20	20
18 to 64 years	230	115	110
65 years and over	65	35	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.1	10.7	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	13.2	16.5
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	14.0	17.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.2	9.4
65 years and over (%)	13.2	13.0	14.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,865	2,005	1,860
0 to 17 years	935	495	440
0 to 5 years	245	130	120
18 to 64 years	2,465	1,250	1,215
65 years and over	465	260	205
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	135	70	65
0 to 17 years	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	85	50	40
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.4	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.6	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	5.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.7	3.5
65 years and over (%)	2.0	2.0	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,865	2,005	1,855
In bottom half of the distribution	1,820	900	920
In bottom decile	420	210	215
In second decile	315	145	170
In third decile	370	190	185
In fourth decile	350	170	180
In fifth decile	360	185	175
In top half of the distribution	2,045	1,105	940
In sixth decile	365	190	170
In seventh decile	355	200	160
In eighth decile	385	215	170
In ninth decile	460	240	215
In top decile	480	260	225
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,865	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.330	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.432	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.293	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,935	2,050	1,890
English only	3,785	1,980	1,805
French only	0	0	0
English and French	110	55	60
Neither English nor French	40	15	25
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,935	2,050	1,890
English	3,845	2,005	1,840
French	50	25	25
English and French	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	40	15	25
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,935	2,050	1,890
Single responses	3,820	2,000	1,825
Official languages	3,485	1,850	1,635
English	3,435	1,825	1,615
French	45	25	20
Non-official languages	335	145	190
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	5	0	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	10
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	5	5	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	10
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	315	140	175
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Cebuano	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	95	100
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	50	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	50	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	75	45	35
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	5	15
German	20	5	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5
Afrikaans	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	10	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5
Danish	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10
Chinese languages	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	50	65
English and French	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	40
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,935	2,050	1,890
English	3,550	1,865	1,690
French	10	5	5
Non-official language	110	65	45
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0
Non-Indigenous	105	60	45
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	245	110	135
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,935	2,050	1,890
Single responses	3,875	2,015	1,855
Official languages	3,705	1,920	1,785
English	3,695	1,915	1,780
French	10	5	5
Non-official languages	170	90	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	5	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	5	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	90	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	70	55
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	45	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	45	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	75	45	30
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0
Chinese languages	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	35	30
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,935	2,050	1,890
None	3,730	1,965	1,770
English	40	25	20
French	10	5	5
Non-official language	125	50	80
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	20
Non-Indigenous	100	40	60
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,865	2,005	1,860
Official languages	3,855	2,000	1,850
English	3,855	2,000	1,850
French	125	60	65
Non-official languages	340	165	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	70	35	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	40	15	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	40	15	20
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	25	15	15
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	130	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	35	50
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	35	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	75	50
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	30	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	20	0
German	20	20	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	10
Danish	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	35	15
Indo-Aryan languages	50	35	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	35	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,865	2,005	1,855
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	910	445	460
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	880	435	440
First Nations (North American Indian)	500	220	285
Métis	330	190	140
Inuk (Inuit)	50	25	20
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	15	15
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,955	1,555	1,395
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,865	2,005	1,855
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	475	225	255
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,390	1,780	1,610
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,695	...	...
Owner	1,165	...	...
Renter	525	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,695	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...
Not condominium	1,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,695	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...
2 bedrooms	270	...	...
3 bedrooms	710	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,695	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	375	...	...
5 rooms	340	...	...
6 rooms	275	...	...
7 rooms	190	...	...
8 or more rooms	520	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,695	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,680	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,695	...	...
Suitable	1,635	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,695	...	...
1960 or before	80	...	...
1961 to 1980	715	...	...
1981 to 1990	255	...	...
1991 to 2000	300	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...
2006 to 2010	115	...	...
2011 to 2015	45	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,695	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,530	...	...
Major repairs needed	165	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,695	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,025	...	...
Two-maintainer household	635	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,695	...	...
15 to 24 years	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	265	...	...
35 to 44 years	370	...	...
45 to 54 years	325	...	...
55 to 64 years	370	...	...
65 to 74 years	235	...	...
75 to 84 years	60	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,680	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,460	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	220	...	...
30% to less than 100%	185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,690	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	390	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	175	...	...
Not suitable only	45	...	...
Major repairs needed only	125	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,305	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,645	...	...
In core need	20	...	...
Not in core need	1,625	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,155	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,090	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,114	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	164,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	213,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	804	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,865	2,005	1,860
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	385	155	225
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	355	145	215
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	275	100	175
Métis single ancestry	65	40	20
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	615	370	250
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	605	350	250
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	400	240	165
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165	90	75
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	30	10
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,860	1,480	1,380
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,865	2,005	1,860
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,710	1,930	1,775
Canadian citizens aged under 18	925	470	450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,790	1,460	1,330
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	155	75	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,865	2,005	1,860
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,540	1,845	1,700
Immigrants⁸¹	295	140	150
Before 1980	65	45	20
1980 to 1990	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	60	25	35
2011 to 2021⁸²	150	70	80
2011 to 2015	55	20	35
2016 to 2021	90	50	45
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	20	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	295	145	150
Under 5 years	35	15	20
5 to 14 years	50	30	15
15 to 24 years	45	20	25
25 to 44 years	140	70	75
45 years and over	25	10	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	295	145	150
Americas	35	30	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	30	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	80	40	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	140	50	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	85	25	55
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	35	20	15
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90	45	40
Americas	15	15	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	15	15	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	20	15	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,865	2,005	1,860
First generation¹⁰⁰	325	165	160
Second generation¹⁰¹	420	205	220
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,120	1,635	1,485
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	225	100	130
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	80	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	35	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	70	45	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	95	20	80
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	225	100	130
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	15	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	155	55	95
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,865	2,005	1,855
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	315	155	165
South Asian	70	50	20
Chinese	20	10	15
Black	50	35	15
Filipino	115	45	70
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	15	0	10
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,550	1,855	1,695
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,860	2,005	1,860
Canadian	630	350	280
English	1,005	565	440
Irish	660	370	290
Scottish	740	385	355
French, n.o.s.¹²²	415	235	185
German	530	305	230
Chinese	30	10	20
Italian	110	45	65
Indian (India)	50	45	0
Ukrainian	160	70	90
Dutch	125	60	70
Polish	50	35	20
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105	75	35
Filipino	95	35	60
French Canadian	45	20	25
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	95	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	260	155	105
Métis	270	155	120
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	105	70	40
Russian	45	30	10
Norwegian	105	40	65
Welsh	90	60	35
Portuguese	40	25	15
American	100	35	70
Spanish	20	0	15
Swedish	85	40	45
Hungarian	35	10	25
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	15	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	10	15
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	105	35	70
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	20	15	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	20
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65	45	20
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	25	0	20
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	20	15	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15
Japanese	30	10	20
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	25	25
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	55	30	30
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	65	20	40
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	65	40	30
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	65	30	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	55	15	35
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	65	25	35
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	25	10	15
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	15	0	10
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,865	2,005	1,855
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	1,460	745	715
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	270	135	130
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	230	100	130
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	470	255	215
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	30	15	15
Latter Day Saints	15	10	0
Lutheran	20	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	15	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	115	50	65
Presbyterian	15	10	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	160	80	75
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	110	60	55
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	40	25	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	30	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	2,300	1,205	1,105
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,820	1,995	1,825
Non-movers	3,290	1,710	1,575
Movers	540	290	245
Non-migrants	365	195	175
Migrants	170	100	75
Internal migrants	145	90	60
Intraprovincial migrants	60	45	15
Interprovincial migrants	90	40	45
External migrants	25	10	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,665	1,925	1,740
Non-movers	2,350	1,250	1,095
Movers	1,315	670	645
Non-migrants	795	415	375
Migrants	520	255	265
Internal migrants	440	215	220
Intraprovincial migrants	180	85	95
Interprovincial migrants	255	130	130
External migrants	90	40	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,080	1,600	1,480
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	840	510	325
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,240	1,090	1,150
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,215	1,105	1,110
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	475	300	175
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,740	810	930
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,080	1,600	1,480
No certificate, diploma or degree	730	445	285
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	975	500	475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,375	650	725
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,050	535	510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	355	280	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	150	95	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	205	185	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	630	245	390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	15	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	325	115	215
Bachelor's degree	215	50	165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10
Master's degree	60	45	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,215	1,110	1,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	405	255	150
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	660	315	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,150	535	615
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	445	415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	275	220	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	105	70	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	170	155	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	545	220	325
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	10	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	290	90	200
Bachelor's degree	200	45	150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0
Master's degree	50	35	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,080	1,600	1,480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,705	945	760
Education	135	20	110
13. Education	135	20	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0
Humanities	40	20	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90	10	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	20	0	15
Business, management and public administration	280	40	245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	250	35	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	450	435	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	25	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	165	160	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	95	95	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	130	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
Health and related fields	135	10	125
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	125	10	115
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	70	65
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	55	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,215	1,105	1,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,065	570	495
Education	105	15	85
13. Education	105	15	85
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0
Humanities	40	20	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	10	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	0	15
Business, management and public administration	255	40	215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	225	30	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	365	345	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	125	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	100	0
48. Precision production	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	20	20
Health and related fields	95	0	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	85	0	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	70	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	55	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,215	1,105	1,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,065	570	495
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,155	540	615
Location of study inside Canada	1,035	485	550
Same as province or territory of residence	630	315	315
Different than province or territory of residence	405	165	235
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	120	55	65
Americas	25	10	20
United States of America	25	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	60	30	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	20	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,080	1,600	1,480
In the labour force	2,200	1,180	1,025
Employed	2,000	1,030	970
Unemployed	205	150	55
Not in the labour force	875	425	460
Participation rate	71.4	73.8	69.3
Employment rate	64.9	64.4	65.5
Unemployment rate	9.3	12.7	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,080	1,600	1,480
Did not work¹⁸⁶	875	435	440
Worked	2,205	1,165	1,040
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,015	570	440
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,195	595	600
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.4	39.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,205	1,180	1,025
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	25	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,160	1,155	1,005
Employee	1,840	965	880
Permanent position	1,485	775	710
Temporary position	355	185	165
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	25	45
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	285	165	120
Self-employed¹⁹²	320	195	130
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,205	1,180	1,025
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	25	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,160	1,155	1,005
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	350	80	265
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	60	55	0
3 Health occupations	70	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	320	80	240
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	0	45
6 Sales and service occupations	500	195	305
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	635	575	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	50	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100	100	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,205	1,180	1,025
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	25	15
All industries¹⁹¹	2,160	1,155	1,005
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	125	35
22 Utilities	35	35	0
23 Construction	275	230	45
31-33 Manufacturing	30	30	0
41 Wholesale trade	60	35	25
44-45 Retail trade	245	125	120
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	215	160	55
51 Information and cultural industries	30	0	20
52 Finance and insurance	35	0	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	25	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	50	45
61 Educational services	170	25	150
62 Health care and social assistance	175	15	160
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	145	60	85
81 Other services (except public administration)	130	65	65
91 Public administration	180	90	90
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,405	1,265	1,145
English	2,395	1,265	1,130
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,405	1,265	1,145
Single responses	2,395	1,265	1,135
Official languages	2,395	1,265	1,135
English	2,395	1,265	1,135
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,405	1,265	1,145
None	2,405	1,265	1,140
English	0	0	0
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,000	1,030	970
Worked at home	130	55	75
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	315	255	65
Usual place of work	1,550	720	835
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,550	715	835
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,460	665	805
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35	35	0
Commute to a different province or territory	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,870	975	895
Car, truck or van	1,730	915	810
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,620	870	745
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	115	50	65
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	120	45	75
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,870	975	895
Less than 15 minutes	1,395	685	715
15 to 29 minutes	305	170	140
30 to 44 minutes	50	35	15
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	110	90	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,870	975	895
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	70	55	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	220	190	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	565	355	210
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	520	145	380
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	245	95	155
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	245	135	105
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	960	510	450
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	915	485	435
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	740	400	345
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	20	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	705	375	325

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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