Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Walnut Grove, Retired population centre (RPC)More information: British Columbia [Designated place]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	28,420	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	28,926	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.7	...	...	- 1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,553	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,271	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,594.2	...	...	1,594.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17.83	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	28,425	13,565	14,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,945	2,545	2,405	17.4	18.8	16.2
0 to 4 years	1,330	680	650	4.7	5.0	4.4
5 to 9 years	1,675	885	785	5.9	6.5	5.3
10 to 14 years	1,945	980	965	6.8	7.2	6.5
15 to 64 years	17,740	8,525	9,215	62.4	62.8	62.0
15 to 19 years	2,085	1,030	1,055	7.3	7.6	7.1
20 to 24 years	1,490	765	725	5.2	5.6	4.9
25 to 29 years	1,095	535	555	3.9	3.9	3.7
30 to 34 years	1,280	610	665	4.5	4.5	4.5
35 to 39 years	1,770	840	930	6.2	6.2	6.3
40 to 44 years	1,900	880	1,025	6.7	6.5	6.9
45 to 49 years	2,055	990	1,060	7.2	7.3	7.1
50 to 54 years	2,030	935	1,095	7.1	6.9	7.4
55 to 59 years	2,095	1,020	1,075	7.4	7.5	7.2
60 to 64 years	1,945	915	1,030	6.8	6.7	6.9
65 years and over	5,740	2,495	3,245	20.2	18.4	21.8
65 to 69 years	1,685	775	915	5.9	5.7	6.2
70 to 74 years	1,460	650	805	5.1	4.8	5.4
75 to 79 years	1,070	470	600	3.8	3.5	4.0
80 to 84 years	730	315	410	2.6	2.3	2.8
85 years and over	790	290	505	2.8	2.1	3.4
85 to 89 years	520	180	340	1.8	1.3	2.3
90 to 94 years	225	100	125	0.8	0.7	0.8
95 to 99 years	40	5	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	18.8	16.2	17.4	18.8	16.2
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.8	62.0	62.4	62.8	62.0
65 years and over	20.2	18.4	21.8	20.2	18.4	21.8
85 years and over	2.8	2.1	3.4	2.8	2.1	3.4
Average age of the population	42.5	41.2	43.7	42.5	41.2	43.7
Median age of the population	44.0	42.4	45.2	44.0	42.4	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,040	...	...	49.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	555	...	...	5.4	...	...
Row house	2,190	...	...	21.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,100	...	...	10.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	935	...	...	9.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	285	...	...	2.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	175	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,060	...	...	20.1	...	...
2 persons	3,450	...	...	33.6	...	...
3 persons	1,575	...	...	15.3	...	...
4 persons	2,110	...	...	20.5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,075	...	...	10.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,010	13,435	14,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	23,475	11,020	12,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	14,910	7,385	7,525	63.5	67.0	60.4
Married	13,485	6,675	6,810	57.4	60.6	54.7
Living common-law	1,430	710	720	6.1	6.4	5.8
Living common law - Never married	860	430	430	3.7	3.9	3.5
Living common law - Separated	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	445	220	225	1.9	2.0	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	8,560	3,635	4,930	36.5	33.0	39.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,440	2,785	2,660	23.2	25.3	21.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	465	185	280	2.0	1.7	2.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,345	395	950	5.7	3.6	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,310	270	1,040	5.6	2.5	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,880	...	...	46.6	...	...
3 persons	1,625	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	2,115	...	...	25.4	...	...
5 or more persons	710	...	...	8.5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,325	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	7,330	...	...	88.0	...	...
Married couples	6,615	...	...	79.5	...	...
With children⁶	3,775	...	...	45.3	...	...
Without children	2,845	...	...	34.2	...	...
Common-law couples	710	...	...	8.5	...	...
With children⁶	285	...	...	3.4	...	...
Without children	425	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,000	...	...	12.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	760	...	...	9.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	245	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	28,010	13,435	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	24,795	12,285	12,505	88.5	91.4	85.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	14,655	7,310	7,345	52.3	54.4	50.4
Parents in one-parent families	995	240	755	3.6	1.8	5.2
Children⁶	9,135	4,735	4,395	32.6	35.2	30.2
In a two-parent family	7,640	3,965	3,675	27.3	29.5	25.2
In a one-parent family	1,495	770	725	5.3	5.7	5.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,215	1,145	2,070	11.5	8.5	14.2
Living alone	2,055	665	1,390	7.3	4.9	9.5
Living with other relatives⁷	495	160	335	1.8	1.2	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	665	320	340	2.4	2.4	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,145	...	...	69.5	...	...
Couple-family households	6,385	...	...	62.1	...	...
With children⁶	3,555	...	...	34.6	...	...
Without children	2,825	...	...	27.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	760	...	...	7.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	375	...	...	3.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	125	...	...	1.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	365	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	210	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	2,055	...	...	20.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	23,060	10,890	12,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,135	10,455	11,685	96.0	96.0	96.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	62,000	39,200	48,000	62,000	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,145	10,460	11,690	96.0	96.1	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,400	36,000	43,200	54,400	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,795	10,010	10,790	90.2	91.9	88.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	58,400	30,400	41,200	58,400	30,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,245	8,225	8,020	70.4	75.5	65.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	64,000	35,200	47,200	64,000	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,015	7,125	9,890	73.8	65.4	81.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,000	10,200	9,600	9,000	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,570	620	955	6.8	5.7	7.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	4,480	5,480	5,160	4,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,905	2,050	2,855	21.3	18.8	23.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	23,210	11,060	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,290	10,650	11,645	96.0	96.3	95.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,700	75,600	48,920	61,700	75,600	48,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,290	10,650	11,645	96.0	96.3	95.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,350	61,300	42,200	51,350	61,300	42,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,890	10,160	10,730	90.0	91.9	88.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,050	71,900	42,960	57,050	71,900	42,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,420	8,365	8,055	70.7	75.6	66.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	72,700	44,400	58,800	72,700	44,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,180	7,310	9,870	74.0	66.1	81.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,670	10,250	10,980	10,670	10,250	10,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,570	650	920	6.8	5.9	7.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,115	5,170	6,780	6,115	5,170	6,780
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,985	2,210	2,780	21.5	20.0	22.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,680	8,470	8,850	8,680	8,470	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	23,210	11,055	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,365	5,025	3,345	36.0	45.5	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	79,500	89,000	67,000	79,500	89,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,800	99,600	72,500	88,800	99,600	72,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,285	2,470	3,810	27.1	22.3	31.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	17,800	18,000	17,800	17,800	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,400	34,360	26,200	29,400	34,360	26,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.6	90.8	81.0	86.6	90.8	81.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.2	75.6	62.8	70.2	75.6	62.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.3	9.3	19.0	13.3	9.3	19.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.1	0.7	0.4	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	2.9	5.5	4.0	2.9	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.3	4.3	3.2	2.3	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	23,060	10,890	12,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	925	435	485	4.0	4.0	4.0
With total income	22,140	10,455	11,685	96.0	96.0	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,050	770	1,280	9.3	7.4	11.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,170	720	1,450	9.8	6.9	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,735	980	1,755	12.4	9.4	15.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,380	935	1,445	10.7	8.9	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,135	850	1,285	9.6	8.1	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,880	800	1,080	8.5	7.7	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,590	760	835	7.2	7.3	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	715	655	6.2	6.8	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	680	465	5.2	6.5	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,040	615	430	4.7	5.9	3.7
$100,000 and over	3,650	2,630	1,015	16.5	25.2	8.7
$100,000 to $149,999	2,420	1,670	755	10.9	16.0	6.5
$150,000 and over	1,225	965	260	5.5	9.2	2.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	23,060	10,890	12,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	915	430	480	4.0	3.9	3.9
With after-tax income	22,150	10,455	11,690	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,145	800	1,345	9.7	7.7	11.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,250	750	1,500	10.2	7.2	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,055	1,095	1,955	13.8	10.5	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,780	1,085	1,695	12.6	10.4	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,450	1,015	1,440	11.1	9.7	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,170	1,040	1,130	9.8	9.9	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,770	925	835	8.0	8.8	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,480	900	585	6.7	8.6	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,145	720	425	5.2	6.9	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	825	555	270	3.7	5.3	2.3
$100,000 and over	2,080	1,560	515	9.4	14.9	4.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,085	775	310	4.9	7.4	2.7
$125,000 and over	995	790	205	4.5	7.6	1.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	23,060	10,890	12,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,815	2,665	4,150	29.6	24.5	34.1
With employment income	16,245	8,225	8,020	70.4	75.5	65.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,185	960	1,225	13.5	11.7	15.3
$5,000 to $9,999	1,235	485	750	7.6	5.9	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,580	605	980	9.7	7.4	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,155	450	705	7.1	5.5	8.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,190	460	730	7.3	5.6	9.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	450	640	6.7	5.5	8.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,160	470	690	7.1	5.7	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,035	530	500	6.4	6.4	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	925	515	410	5.7	6.3	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	915	570	345	5.6	6.9	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	895	525	370	5.5	6.4	4.6
$100,000 and over	2,890	2,210	680	17.8	26.9	8.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,275	920	355	7.8	11.2	4.4
$125,000 and over	1,615	1,290	325	9.9	15.7	4.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	23,060	10,890	12,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,515	10,160	11,360	93.3	93.3	93.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	63,200	37,200	47,600	63,200	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,575	10,170	11,405	93.6	93.4	93.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	54,000	34,000	42,000	54,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,455	9,835	10,620	88.7	90.3	87.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	60,400	31,800	43,200	60,400	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,765	8,420	8,340	72.7	77.3	68.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	62,800	33,600	45,600	62,800	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,240	4,955	8,290	57.4	45.5	68.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	8,400	7,150	7,400	8,400	7,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,125	420	705	4.9	3.9	5.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	4,400	6,080	5,240	4,400	6,080
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	23,210	11,060	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,675	10,355	11,320	93.4	93.6	93.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,000	74,200	46,960	60,000	74,200	46,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,720	10,365	11,355	93.6	93.7	93.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,520	59,800	40,120	49,520	59,800	40,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,650	10,020	10,635	89.0	90.6	87.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,200	72,000	43,240	57,200	72,000	43,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,945	8,585	8,360	73.0	77.6	68.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,700	70,200	42,840	56,700	70,200	42,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,470	5,155	8,315	58.0	46.6	68.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,840	9,130	8,650	8,840	9,130	8,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,170	420	750	5.0	3.8	6.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,300	7,940	7,000	5,300	7,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	23,210	11,055	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,360	5,010	3,350	36.0	45.3	27.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	85,000	62,000	75,000	85,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,800	94,900	67,100	83,800	94,900	67,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,900	2,325	3,575	25.4	21.0	29.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	25,400	22,800	24,000	25,400	22,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,280	43,960	31,280	36,280	43,960	31,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.8	93.8	86.4	90.8	93.8	86.4
Employment income (%)	73.8	78.4	67.4	73.8	78.4	67.4
Government transfers (%)	9.2	6.1	13.5	9.2	6.1	13.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.3	1.1	0.6	0.3	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,070	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,700	...	...	65,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	150,800	...	...	150,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,700	...	...	125,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	2.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	255	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...	2.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	555	...	...	5.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	615	...	...	6.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	580	...	...	5.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	550	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,855	...	...	57.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,275	...	...	12.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,135	...	...	11.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,675	...	...	16.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,770	...	...	17.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	195	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	245	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	295	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	285	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	680	...	...	6.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	750	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	660	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,080	...	...	49.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,500	...	...	14.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,215	...	...	11.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,365	...	...	23.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,720	985	1,730	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	57,200	45,600	49,200	57,200	45,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	49,600	41,200	43,600	49,600	41,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	149,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,100	...	...	124,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,895	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...	102,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	179,000	...	...	179,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,800	...	...	147,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,805	1,015	1,790	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,300	66,200	55,450	59,300	66,200	55,450
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,240	53,500	46,840	49,240	53,500	46,840
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	28,005	13,435	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,230	3,180	3,055	22.2	23.7	21.0
0 to 5 years	1,660	870	795	5.9	6.5	5.5
18 to 64 years	16,420	7,860	8,555	58.6	58.5	58.7
65 years and over	5,355	2,390	2,965	19.1	17.8	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,530	645	880	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	390	200	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	100	55	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	785	320	465	...	...	...
65 years and over	350	130	225	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.5	4.8	6.0	5.5	4.8	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	6.2	6.2	6.3	6.2	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	6.2	5.6	6.0	6.2	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	4.1	5.4	4.8	4.1	5.4
65 years and over (%)	6.6	5.4	7.6	6.6	5.4	7.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	28,010	13,435	14,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,235	3,185	3,050	22.3	23.7	20.9
0 to 5 years	1,665	865	795	5.9	6.4	5.5
18 to 64 years	16,415	7,865	8,555	58.6	58.5	58.7
65 years and over	5,360	2,390	2,970	19.1	17.8	20.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,025	455	565	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	275	145	125	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	615	260	360	...	...	...
65 years and over	135	55	80	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	3.4	3.9	3.7	3.4	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.6	4.2	4.4	4.6	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	3.4	2.4	2.8	3.4	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.3	4.2	3.8	3.3	4.2
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.3	2.7	2.5	2.3	2.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	28,005	13,435	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,015	4,010	5,005	32.2	29.8	34.3
In bottom decile	1,435	625	810	5.1	4.7	5.6
In second decile	1,445	600	845	5.2	4.5	5.8
In third decile	1,660	735	930	5.9	5.5	6.4
In fourth decile	2,095	950	1,145	7.5	7.1	7.9
In fifth decile	2,380	1,110	1,270	8.5	8.3	8.7
In top half of the distribution	18,990	9,420	9,570	67.8	70.1	65.7
In sixth decile	2,945	1,460	1,485	10.5	10.9	10.2
In seventh decile	3,230	1,545	1,685	11.5	11.5	11.6
In eighth decile	3,775	1,860	1,915	13.5	13.8	13.1
In ninth decile	4,335	2,175	2,165	15.5	16.2	14.9
In top decile	4,705	2,385	2,325	16.8	17.8	16.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	28,010	...	...	28,010	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.267	...	...	0.267	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	28,330	13,535	14,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	26,140	12,590	13,545	92.3	93.0	91.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,805	770	1,035	6.4	5.7	7.0
Neither English nor French	385	170	210	1.4	1.3	1.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	28,330	13,535	14,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	27,685	13,235	14,450	97.7	97.8	97.6
French	185	95	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
English and French	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Neither English nor French	370	165	210	1.3	1.2	1.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	28,330	13,535	14,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,670	13,220	14,455	97.7	97.7	97.7
Official languages	22,560	10,890	11,670	79.6	80.5	78.9
English	22,360	10,790	11,575	78.9	79.7	78.2
French	200	105	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-official languages	5,110	2,325	2,785	18.0	17.2	18.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,110	2,320	2,785	18.0	17.1	18.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	105	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	210	85	130	0.7	0.6	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	65	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,965	910	1,055	6.9	6.7	7.1
Albanian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	455	220	235	1.6	1.6	1.6
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	450	215	235	1.6	1.6	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	165	80	85	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	585	255	330	2.1	1.9	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	355	155	200	1.3	1.1	1.4
German	350	150	195	1.2	1.1	1.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	180	80	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	155	70	85	0.5	0.5	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	385	195	190	1.4	1.4	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	265	130	135	0.9	1.0	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	70	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	125	70	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	120	65	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Dari	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	105	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	500	215	285	1.8	1.6	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	100	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	255	110	150	0.9	0.8	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	100	40	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Korean	910	405	505	3.2	3.0	3.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,525	695	830	5.4	5.1	5.6
Chinese languages	1,520	695	830	5.4	5.1	5.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,250	560	685	4.4	4.1	4.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	35	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	190	85	100	0.7	0.6	0.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	65	35	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	660	315	345	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	490	230	260	1.7	1.7	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	28,330	13,535	14,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	23,315	11,230	12,085	82.3	83.0	81.7
French	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	1,575	720	850	5.6	5.3	5.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,575	720	850	5.6	5.3	5.7
English and French	165	65	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	3,065	1,405	1,660	10.8	10.4	11.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	110	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	28,330	13,535	14,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,750	13,240	14,510	98.0	97.8	98.0
Official languages	24,950	11,950	13,010	88.1	88.3	87.9
English	24,915	11,930	12,985	87.9	88.1	87.7
French	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	2,795	1,290	1,505	9.9	9.5	10.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,795	1,290	1,505	9.9	9.5	10.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	675	320	350	2.4	2.4	2.4
Albanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	205	105	105	0.7	0.8	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	205	105	105	0.7	0.8	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	120	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	110	105	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	130	60	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	85	110	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	120	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	735	330	405	2.6	2.4	2.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,100	510	590	3.9	3.8	4.0
Chinese languages	1,100	510	590	3.9	3.8	4.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	970	455	515	3.4	3.4	3.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	585	295	290	2.1	2.2	2.0
English and French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	520	265	260	1.8	2.0	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	28,335	13,535	14,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	25,365	12,185	13,185	89.5	90.0	89.1
English	1,075	505	575	3.8	3.7	3.9
French	165	70	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	1,445	660	785	5.1	4.9	5.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,445	660	785	5.1	4.9	5.3
English and French	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	100	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	28,150	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	27,770	13,450	14,320	98.7	98.9	98.5
English	27,770	13,450	14,320	98.7	98.9	98.5
French	1,810	810	1,000	6.4	6.0	6.9
Non-official languages	6,575	3,105	3,475	23.4	22.8	23.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,575	3,100	3,475	23.4	22.8	23.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	95	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	195	95	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	145	70	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	95	50	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	215	95	120	0.8	0.7	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	65	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,905	1,420	1,485	10.3	10.4	10.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	610	305	305	2.2	2.2	2.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	610	305	305	2.2	2.2	2.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	200	100	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
Russian	270	130	145	1.0	1.0	1.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	105	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	825	390	440	2.9	2.9	3.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	480	230	250	1.7	1.7	1.7
German	475	230	245	1.7	1.7	1.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	305	140	165	1.1	1.0	1.1
Afrikaans	115	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Dutch	200	80	115	0.7	0.6	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	75	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swedish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	535	285	250	1.9	2.1	1.7
Indo-Aryan languages	425	215	205	1.5	1.6	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hindi	205	100	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	205	105	100	0.7	0.8	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	115	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	115	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	75	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	970	465	505	3.4	3.4	3.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	180	90	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
Portuguese	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romanian	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	655	305	355	2.3	2.2	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	220	75	140	0.8	0.6	1.0
Korean	1,080	480	600	3.8	3.5	4.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,740	765	970	6.2	5.6	6.7
Chinese languages	1,740	765	970	6.2	5.6	6.7
Hakka	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,505	665	835	5.3	4.9	5.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	175	90	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	330	145	185	1.2	1.1	1.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	115	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hungarian	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,145	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	950	465	490	3.4	3.4	3.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	930	455	475	3.3	3.3	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	345	170	170	1.2	1.2	1.2
Métis	570	270	300	2.0	2.0	2.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	27,195	13,140	14,060	96.6	96.6	96.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,145	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	240	105	135	0.9	0.8	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,910	13,505	14,405	99.2	99.3	99.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	9,240	...	...	89.8	...	...
Renter	1,050	...	...	10.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,355	...	...	22.9	...	...
Not condominium	7,935	...	...	77.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	515	...	...	5.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,985	...	...	19.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,910	...	...	38.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,860	...	...	37.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,705	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 rooms	1,480	...	...	14.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,575	...	...	15.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,440	...	...	14.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,095	...	...	39.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,185	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	100	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,070	...	...	97.9	...	...
Not suitable	225	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	160	...	...	1.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	865	...	...	8.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,675	...	...	26.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,195	...	...	40.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	670	...	...	6.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,030	...	...	10.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	490	...	...	4.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	210	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,760	...	...	94.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	530	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,015	...	...	39.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,680	...	...	55.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	595	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	725	...	...	7.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,815	...	...	17.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,105	...	...	20.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,290	...	...	22.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,790	...	...	17.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,090	...	...	10.6	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,370	...	...	81.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,910	...	...	18.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,740	...	...	16.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,495	...	...	24.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,750	...	...	17.0	...	...
Not suitable only	180	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	400	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,795	...	...	75.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,105	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	955	...	...	9.5	...	...
Not in core need	9,150	...	...	90.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,230	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.7	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.3	...	...	8.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,778	...	...	1,778	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,000,000	...	...	1,000,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,040,000	...	...	1,040,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,050	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.7	...	...	36.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,736	...	...	1,736	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	28,150	13,600	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	185	100	85	0.7	0.7	0.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	165	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	100	45	50	0.4	0.3	0.3
Métis single ancestry	70	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	875	410	465	3.1	3.0	3.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	815	390	425	2.9	2.9	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	445	220	230	1.6	1.6	1.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	370	170	195	1.3	1.3	1.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	27,090	13,095	13,990	96.2	96.3	96.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	28,150	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	26,170	12,725	13,445	93.0	93.5	92.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,900	3,075	2,830	21.0	22.6	19.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	20,270	9,655	10,620	72.0	71.0	73.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,975	875	1,100	7.0	6.4	7.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	28,150	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	21,885	10,690	11,195	77.7	78.6	77.0
Immigrants⁸¹	5,905	2,770	3,130	21.0	20.4	21.5
Before 1980	1,475	720	755	5.2	5.3	5.2
1980 to 1990	500	260	235	1.8	1.9	1.6
1991 to 2000	935	450	485	3.3	3.3	3.3
2001 to 2010	1,480	675	805	5.3	5.0	5.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,515	665	850	5.4	4.9	5.8
2011 to 2015	840	390	450	3.0	2.9	3.1
2016 to 2021	675	275	400	2.4	2.0	2.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	365	140	220	1.3	1.0	1.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,900	2,770	3,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	725	360	360	12.3	13.0	11.5
5 to 14 years	1,185	600	585	20.1	21.7	18.7
15 to 24 years	885	390	500	15.0	14.1	16.0
25 to 44 years	2,655	1,215	1,445	45.0	43.9	46.2
45 years and over	450	210	240	7.6	7.6	7.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,900	2,770	3,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	645	265	375	10.9	9.6	12.0
Brazil	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Colombia	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
El Salvador	20	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Mexico	95	25	70	1.6	0.9	2.2
Peru	35	10	25	0.6	0.4	0.8
Trinidad and Tobago	30	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
United States of America	275	120	160	4.7	4.3	5.1
Other places of birth in Americas	115	55	60	1.9	2.0	1.9
Europe	1,945	960	980	33.0	34.7	31.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Germany	115	50	70	1.9	1.8	2.2
Greece	20	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hungary	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Italy	60	40	25	1.0	1.4	0.8
Netherlands	150	70	80	2.5	2.5	2.6
Poland	115	40	75	1.9	1.4	2.4
Portugal	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
Romania	75	30	45	1.3	1.1	1.4
Russian Federation	45	25	20	0.8	0.9	0.6
Serbia⁸⁶	20	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Ukraine	80	35	45	1.4	1.3	1.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	920	510	415	15.6	18.4	13.3
Other places of birth in Europe	260	105	160	4.4	3.8	5.1
Africa	340	175	165	5.8	6.3	5.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	55	30	30	0.9	1.1	1.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	145	80	65	2.5	2.9	2.1
Other places of birth in Africa	120	60	65	2.0	2.2	2.1
Asia	2,790	1,280	1,510	47.3	46.2	48.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	80	45	35	1.4	1.6	1.1
Iraq	25	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Lebanon	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	895	390	500	15.2	14.1	16.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	85	45	40	1.4	1.6	1.3
Korea, South⁹²	700	320	385	11.9	11.6	12.3
Taiwan	245	105	135	4.2	3.8	4.3
Philippines	175	70	105	3.0	2.5	3.4
Viet Nam	70	35	35	1.2	1.3	1.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	190	95	95	3.2	3.4	3.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	50	30	20	0.8	1.1	0.6
Other places of birth in Asia	235	110	120	4.0	4.0	3.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	185	90	95	3.1	3.2	3.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	675	275	405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	25	25	8.1	9.1	6.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	1.5	3.6	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	4.4	5.5	3.7
Europe	105	60	45	15.6	21.8	11.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.5
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	45	20	8.9	16.4	4.9
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	4.4	5.5	3.7
Africa	20	0	20	3.0	0.0	4.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	2.2	0.0	3.7
Asia	490	190	295	72.6	69.1	72.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	250	100	155	37.0	36.4	38.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	2.2	3.6	0.0
India	35	25	15	5.2	9.1	3.7
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.5
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	2.5
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	105	35	70	15.6	12.7	17.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	2.2	3.6	2.5
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	2.5
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.5
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	28,150	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,690	3,110	3,580	23.8	22.9	24.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,700	3,295	3,405	23.8	24.2	23.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,760	7,200	7,560	52.4	52.9	52.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	4,430	2,055	2,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,985	1,450	1,530	67.4	70.6	64.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,025	675	350	23.1	32.8	14.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,960	780	1,180	44.2	38.0	49.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,190	455	735	26.9	22.1	30.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	135	100	5.3	6.6	4.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	4,430	2,055	2,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	55	25	35	1.2	1.2	1.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	525	220	310	11.9	10.7	13.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	190	115	75	4.3	5.6	3.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	270	120	145	6.1	5.8	6.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,360	1,565	1,795	75.8	76.2	75.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	28,145	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	5,925	2,880	3,045	21.1	21.2	20.9
South Asian	705	385	330	2.5	2.8	2.3
Chinese	1,930	920	1,015	6.9	6.8	7.0
Black	295	175	120	1.0	1.3	0.8
Filipino	355	155	195	1.3	1.1	1.3
Arab	90	50	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Latin American	310	150	160	1.1	1.1	1.1
Southeast Asian	235	130	105	0.8	1.0	0.7
West Asian	140	85	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Korean	1,175	530	645	4.2	3.9	4.4
Japanese	310	125	185	1.1	0.9	1.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	295	130	170	1.0	1.0	1.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,220	10,725	11,495	78.9	78.8	79.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	28,150	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,245	1,540	1,710	11.5	11.3	11.8
English	7,910	3,910	4,000	28.1	28.7	27.5
Irish	4,090	1,785	2,305	14.5	13.1	15.8
Scottish	5,720	2,720	3,000	20.3	20.0	20.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,825	910	910	6.5	6.7	6.3
German	4,155	1,955	2,200	14.8	14.4	15.1
Chinese	1,695	780	915	6.0	5.7	6.3
Italian	1,210	620	590	4.3	4.6	4.1
Indian (India)	370	195	175	1.3	1.4	1.2
Ukrainian	1,940	960	975	6.9	7.1	6.7
Dutch	1,680	845	835	6.0	6.2	5.7
Polish	1,200	570	630	4.3	4.2	4.3
Québécois	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,745	815	935	6.2	6.0	6.4
Filipino	340	150	190	1.2	1.1	1.3
French Canadian	230	120	115	0.8	0.9	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	375	200	175	1.3	1.5	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	315	150	170	1.1	1.1	1.2
Métis	515	240	270	1.8	1.8	1.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	680	345	335	2.4	2.5	2.3
Russian	965	450	515	3.4	3.3	3.5
Norwegian	935	410	530	3.3	3.0	3.6
Welsh	760	345	415	2.7	2.5	2.9
Portuguese	210	100	115	0.7	0.7	0.8
American	545	265	280	1.9	1.9	1.9
Spanish	260	120	140	0.9	0.9	1.0
Swedish	765	360	405	2.7	2.6	2.8
Hungarian	505	245	255	1.8	1.8	1.8
Acadian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	130	65	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jewish	155	65	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
Punjabi	95	50	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Vietnamese	155	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	135	80	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Jamaican	75	65	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	285	140	145	1.0	1.0	1.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	150	60	90	0.5	0.4	0.6
Korean	1,115	500	615	4.0	3.7	4.2
Romanian	180	75	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
Lebanese	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian	105	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	110	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Danish	365	180	190	1.3	1.3	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austrian	440	180	260	1.6	1.3	1.8
Belgian	130	80	45	0.5	0.6	0.3
Haitian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mennonite	360	160	200	1.3	1.2	1.4
Swiss	165	60	105	0.6	0.4	0.7
Finnish	210	110	105	0.7	0.8	0.7
Sri Lankan	70	35	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Croatian	110	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	375	180	200	1.3	1.3	1.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	190	80	110	0.7	0.6	0.8
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	85	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	160	65	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
Colombian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	120	70	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ontarian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovak	135	70	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	275	125	150	1.0	0.9	1.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	55	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
African Caribbean	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	55	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
South African	155	80	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
Australian	125	75	55	0.4	0.6	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Peruvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	60	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	135	85	50	0.5	0.6	0.3
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	130	70	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Coptic	75	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Thai	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Cherokee	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	28,145	13,605	14,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	305	135	175	1.1	1.0	1.2
Christian	12,690	5,650	7,040	45.1	41.5	48.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,075	1,820	2,255	14.5	13.4	15.5
Anabaptist	465	230	235	1.7	1.7	1.6
Anglican	1,035	425	610	3.7	3.1	4.2
Baptist	430	190	240	1.5	1.4	1.7
Catholic	2,920	1,305	1,620	10.4	9.6	11.1
Christian Orthodox	260	130	130	0.9	1.0	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	150	80	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Latter Day Saints	175	75	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
Lutheran	400	150	250	1.4	1.1	1.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	115	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	460	205	255	1.6	1.5	1.8
Presbyterian	225	85	135	0.8	0.6	0.9
Reformed	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
United Church	1,025	400	620	3.6	2.9	4.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	845	435	415	3.0	3.2	2.9
Hindu	175	95	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
Jewish	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Muslim	200	95	110	0.7	0.7	0.8
Sikh	195	95	100	0.7	0.7	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	170	75	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	14,315	7,410	6,905	50.9	54.5	47.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	27,890	13,480	14,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,230	12,220	13,010	90.5	90.7	90.3
Movers	2,660	1,260	1,400	9.5	9.3	9.7
Non-migrants	1,110	510	595	4.0	3.8	4.1
Migrants	1,560	750	805	5.6	5.6	5.6
Internal migrants	1,330	640	685	4.8	4.7	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,140	560	580	4.1	4.2	4.0
Interprovincial migrants	185	80	105	0.7	0.6	0.7
External migrants	230	110	120	0.8	0.8	0.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	26,775	12,950	13,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,945	8,730	9,220	67.0	67.4	66.7
Movers	8,825	4,220	4,605	33.0	32.6	33.3
Non-migrants	2,890	1,410	1,485	10.8	10.9	10.7
Migrants	5,935	2,815	3,120	22.2	21.7	22.6
Internal migrants	4,905	2,360	2,540	18.3	18.2	18.4
Intraprovincial migrants	4,420	2,125	2,290	16.5	16.4	16.6
Interprovincial migrants	485	240	250	1.8	1.9	1.8
External migrants	1,025	455	575	3.8	3.5	4.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,210	11,055	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,995	1,550	1,445	12.9	14.0	11.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,220	9,510	10,705	87.1	86.0	88.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,285	6,820	7,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	700	425	275	4.9	6.2	3.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,585	6,395	7,195	95.1	93.8	96.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,210	11,060	12,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,695	1,365	1,335	11.6	12.3	11.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,200	3,370	3,830	31.0	30.5	31.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,315	6,325	6,990	57.4	57.2	57.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,945	3,450	3,495	29.9	31.2	28.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,690	1,350	340	7.3	12.2	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	680	430	250	2.9	3.9	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,010	925	90	4.4	8.4	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,330	1,680	2,645	18.7	15.2	21.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	920	415	505	4.0	3.8	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,370	2,875	3,495	27.4	26.0	28.8
Bachelor's degree	4,125	1,865	2,260	17.8	16.9	18.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	545	205	340	2.3	1.9	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	75	50	0.5	0.7	0.4
Master's degree	1,405	625	780	6.1	5.7	6.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	110	65	0.7	1.0	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,285	6,815	7,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	540	335	205	3.8	4.9	2.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,640	1,760	1,880	25.5	25.8	25.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,105	4,725	5,385	70.7	69.3	72.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,945	2,480	2,460	34.6	36.4	32.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,190	955	235	8.3	14.0	3.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	465	285	180	3.3	4.2	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	725	665	55	5.1	9.8	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,060	1,215	1,845	21.4	17.8	24.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	695	310	380	4.9	4.5	5.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,165	2,245	2,920	36.2	32.9	39.1
Bachelor's degree	3,310	1,455	1,855	23.2	21.3	24.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	430	140	290	3.0	2.1	3.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	50	40	0.7	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	1,205	515	685	8.4	7.6	9.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	125	70	50	0.9	1.0	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	23,205	11,060	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,895	4,735	5,165	42.6	42.8	42.5
Education	1,375	315	1,065	5.9	2.8	8.8
13. Education	1,375	315	1,065	5.9	2.8	8.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	540	200	345	2.3	1.8	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	55	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	465	145	320	2.0	1.3	2.6
Humanities	820	390	425	3.5	3.5	3.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	200	75	120	0.9	0.7	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	55	105	0.7	0.5	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	45	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	195	125	65	0.8	1.1	0.5
54. History	100	55	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,800	645	1,155	7.8	5.8	9.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	65	125	0.8	0.6	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	280	35	245	1.2	0.3	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	270	45	225	1.2	0.4	1.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
42. Psychology	370	110	255	1.6	1.0	2.1
45. Social sciences	625	350	275	2.7	3.2	2.3
Business, management and public administration	2,865	1,220	1,640	12.3	11.0	13.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	30	110	0.6	0.3	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,725	1,190	1,530	11.7	10.8	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	200	215	1.8	1.8	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	50	95	0.6	0.5	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	80	70	0.6	0.7	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	110	70	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	410	265	145	1.8	2.4	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	205	100	1.3	1.9	0.8
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	45	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,450	2,290	165	10.6	20.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	75	55	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	470	415	55	2.0	3.8	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	580	525	55	2.5	4.7	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	590	570	25	2.5	5.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	440	440	0	1.9	4.0	0.0
48. Precision production	295	280	10	1.3	2.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	120	115	1.0	1.1	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140	50	95	0.6	0.5	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	65	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Health and related fields	1,770	360	1,410	7.6	3.3	11.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	185	105	80	0.8	0.9	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,560	245	1,320	6.7	2.2	10.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	630	325	305	2.7	2.9	2.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	325	95	230	1.4	0.9	1.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	160	95	65	0.7	0.9	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	130	15	0.6	1.2	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,290	6,820	7,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,180	2,090	2,090	29.3	30.6	28.0
Education	975	205	770	6.8	3.0	10.3
13. Education	975	205	770	6.8	3.0	10.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	440	155	285	3.1	2.3	3.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	385	115	270	2.7	1.7	3.6
Humanities	615	290	330	4.3	4.3	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	10	40	0.4	0.1	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	155	60	95	1.1	0.9	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	45	80	0.9	0.7	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	80	55	0.9	1.2	0.7
54. History	80	45	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,450	510	945	10.1	7.5	12.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	45	110	1.1	0.7	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	25	175	1.4	0.4	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	210	35	175	1.5	0.5	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
42. Psychology	305	80	220	2.1	1.2	2.9
45. Social sciences	525	285	240	3.7	4.2	3.2
Business, management and public administration	2,180	910	1,270	15.3	13.3	17.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	30	75	0.7	0.4	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,075	885	1,195	14.5	13.0	16.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	340	140	195	2.4	2.1	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	35	75	0.8	0.5	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	60	70	0.9	0.9	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	225	120	2.4	3.3	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	260	180	80	1.8	2.6	1.1
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,835	1,685	145	12.8	24.7	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	70	50	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
14. Engineering	385	330	55	2.7	4.8	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405	370	35	2.8	5.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	435	410	25	3.0	6.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	315	0	2.2	4.6	0.0
48. Precision production	225	210	10	1.6	3.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	75	90	1.2	1.1	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	25	70	0.7	0.4	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	55	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
Health and related fields	1,250	275	975	8.7	4.0	13.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	85	60	1.0	1.2	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,100	195	905	7.7	2.9	12.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	505	250	250	3.5	3.7	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	270	70	195	1.9	1.0	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	90	50	1.0	1.3	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	80	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,290	6,820	7,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,180	2,090	2,090	29.3	30.6	28.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	10,105	4,725	5,380	70.7	69.3	72.0
Location of study inside Canada	8,030	3,745	4,285	56.2	54.9	57.4
Same as province or territory of residence	6,745	3,120	3,625	47.2	45.7	48.5
Different than province or territory of residence	1,290	625	665	9.0	9.2	8.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,075	980	1,095	14.5	14.4	14.7
Americas	425	205	215	3.0	3.0	2.9
United States of America	305	165	140	2.1	2.4	1.9
Mexico	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazil	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Europe	440	245	205	3.1	3.6	2.7
Belgium	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romania	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukraine	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	245	150	95	1.7	2.2	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	105	60	45	0.7	0.9	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	35	25	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	1,015	435	590	7.1	6.4	7.9
Iran⁸⁸	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
China⁹⁰	370	170	195	2.6	2.5	2.6
Taiwan	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	355	130	225	2.5	1.9	3.0
Philippines	55	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
India	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Oceania	80	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Australia	75	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	23,210	11,060	12,155	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,970	7,715	7,260	...	...	...
Employed	13,960	7,235	6,725	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,010	485	535	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,235	3,345	4,895	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.5	69.8	59.7	64.5	69.8	59.7
Employment rate	60.1	65.4	55.3	60.1	65.4	55.3
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.3	7.4	6.7	6.3	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	23,205	11,060	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,885	3,190	4,695	34.0	28.8	38.6
Worked	15,325	7,870	7,455	66.0	71.2	61.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,640	5,195	3,445	37.2	47.0	28.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,680	2,675	4,005	28.8	24.2	33.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	44.0	41.1	42.6	44.0	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,975	7,715	7,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	80	145	1.5	1.0	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,745	7,635	7,110	98.5	99.0	97.9
Employee	12,525	6,395	6,130	83.6	82.9	84.4
Permanent position	10,980	5,715	5,265	73.3	74.1	72.5
Temporary position	1,540	675	870	10.3	8.7	12.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	510	255	260	3.4	3.3	3.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,030	420	605	6.9	5.4	8.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,225	1,245	985	14.9	16.1	13.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,975	7,715	7,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	80	145	1.5	1.0	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,745	7,635	7,110	98.5	99.0	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	250	200	50	1.7	2.6	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,830	815	2,010	18.9	10.6	27.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,115	880	235	7.4	11.4	3.2
3 Health occupations	925	180	750	6.2	2.3	10.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,380	920	1,455	15.9	11.9	20.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	625	250	380	4.2	3.2	5.2
6 Sales and service occupations	3,475	1,635	1,840	23.2	21.2	25.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,440	2,225	215	16.3	28.8	3.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	165	90	1.7	2.1	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	450	360	90	3.0	4.7	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,975	7,715	7,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	80	145	1.5	1.0	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	14,745	7,635	7,110	98.5	99.0	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	85	45	0.8	1.1	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	55	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
22 Utilities	150	105	45	1.0	1.4	0.6
23 Construction	1,450	1,215	230	9.7	15.7	3.2
31-33 Manufacturing	1,080	785	295	7.2	10.2	4.1
41 Wholesale trade	915	625	295	6.1	8.1	4.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,525	725	800	10.2	9.4	11.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	630	465	160	4.2	6.0	2.2
51 Information and cultural industries	325	190	140	2.2	2.5	1.9
52 Finance and insurance	615	260	360	4.1	3.4	5.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	105	120	1.5	1.4	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,260	650	610	8.4	8.4	8.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.6
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	455	270	185	3.0	3.5	2.5
61 Educational services	1,450	435	1,010	9.7	5.6	13.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,525	285	1,245	10.2	3.7	17.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	310	150	165	2.1	1.9	2.3
72 Accommodation and food services	860	375	485	5.7	4.9	6.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	700	315	380	4.7	4.1	5.2
91 Public administration	1,020	520	495	6.8	6.7	6.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	16,155	8,305	7,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,330	7,910	7,425	94.9	95.2	94.6
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	175	75	95	1.1	0.9	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	75	95	1.1	0.9	1.2
English and French	130	50	80	0.8	0.6	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	480	245	235	3.0	3.0	3.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	16,155	8,305	7,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,045	8,240	7,805	99.3	99.2	99.5
Official languages	15,730	8,085	7,645	97.4	97.4	97.5
English	15,710	8,075	7,635	97.2	97.2	97.3
French	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	315	155	155	1.9	1.9	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	315	155	155	1.9	1.9	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	100	65	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
Chinese languages	160	75	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	145	55	85	0.9	0.7	1.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	70	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	100	65	35	0.6	0.8	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	16,155	8,305	7,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,605	8,050	7,555	96.6	96.9	96.3
English	135	65	70	0.8	0.8	0.9
French	100	40	65	0.6	0.5	0.8
Non-official language	300	150	150	1.9	1.8	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	300	150	150	1.9	1.8	1.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	13,960	7,235	6,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,205	1,500	1,700	23.0	20.7	25.3
Worked outside Canada	85	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
No fixed workplace address	1,845	1,425	420	13.2	19.7	6.2
Usual place of work	8,830	4,280	4,550	63.3	59.2	67.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,830	4,280	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,495	1,450	2,045	39.6	33.9	44.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,795	2,560	2,235	54.3	59.8	49.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	510	255	260	5.8	6.0	5.7
Commute to a different province or territory	30	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,670	5,700	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,690	5,240	4,450	90.8	91.9	89.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,150	5,015	4,135	85.8	88.0	83.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	540	225	315	5.1	3.9	6.3
Public transit	305	170	130	2.9	3.0	2.6
Walked	435	140	295	4.1	2.5	5.9
Bicycle	45	45	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other method	200	100	95	1.9	1.8	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,670	5,700	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,720	1,265	1,455	25.5	22.2	29.3
15 to 29 minutes	3,940	1,905	2,040	36.9	33.4	41.0
30 to 44 minutes	2,465	1,490	975	23.1	26.1	19.6
45 to 59 minutes	915	625	290	8.6	11.0	5.8
60 minutes and over	630	415	215	5.9	7.3	4.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,670	5,700	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	995	760	235	9.3	13.3	4.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,640	1,155	485	15.4	20.3	9.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,000	1,490	1,510	28.1	26.1	30.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,325	1,030	1,295	21.8	18.1	26.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,485	570	910	13.9	10.0	18.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,230	695	535	11.5	12.2	10.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,410	3,280	3,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	290	145	140	4.5	4.4	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,125	3,135	2,990	95.6	95.6	95.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,970	2,535	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	235	120	120	4.7	4.7	4.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	55	65	2.5	2.2	2.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	65	55	2.3	2.6	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,730	2,415	2,315	95.2	95.3	95.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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