Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Trail, Retired population centre (RPC)More information: British Columbia [Designated place]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,545	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,313	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,748	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,488	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	472.0	...	...	472.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.22	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,545	4,630	4,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,270	640	625	13.3	13.8	12.7
0 to 4 years	340	175	165	3.6	3.8	3.4
5 to 9 years	450	245	200	4.7	5.3	4.1
10 to 14 years	480	225	260	5.0	4.9	5.3
15 to 64 years	5,675	2,830	2,850	59.5	61.1	57.9
15 to 19 years	425	215	210	4.5	4.6	4.3
20 to 24 years	450	245	205	4.7	5.3	4.2
25 to 29 years	590	315	280	6.2	6.8	5.7
30 to 34 years	540	270	270	5.7	5.8	5.5
35 to 39 years	585	285	305	6.1	6.2	6.2
40 to 44 years	510	260	250	5.3	5.6	5.1
45 to 49 years	515	255	265	5.4	5.5	5.4
50 to 54 years	530	270	265	5.6	5.8	5.4
55 to 59 years	690	310	380	7.2	6.7	7.7
60 to 64 years	830	410	420	8.7	8.9	8.5
65 years and over	2,600	1,160	1,445	27.2	25.1	29.4
65 to 69 years	775	365	410	8.1	7.9	8.3
70 to 74 years	705	310	395	7.4	6.7	8.0
75 to 79 years	420	205	220	4.4	4.4	4.5
80 to 84 years	350	150	195	3.7	3.2	4.0
85 years and over	345	125	220	3.6	2.7	4.5
85 to 89 years	215	80	130	2.3	1.7	2.6
90 to 94 years	100	35	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	13.8	12.7	13.3	13.8	12.7
15 to 64 years	59.5	61.1	57.9	59.5	61.1	57.9
65 years and over	27.2	25.1	29.4	27.2	25.1	29.4
85 years and over	3.6	2.7	4.5	3.6	2.7	4.5
Average age of the population	46.7	45.3	48.0	46.7	45.3	48.0
Median age of the population	48.8	46.4	51.2	48.8	46.4	51.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,250	...	...	72.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	170	...	...	3.8	...	...
Row house	195	...	...	4.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	650	...	...	14.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,725	...	...	38.4	...	...
2 persons	1,640	...	...	36.5	...	...
3 persons	540	...	...	12.0	...	...
4 persons	405	...	...	9.0	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	4.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,220	4,525	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,280	3,985	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,365	2,175	2,185	52.7	54.6	50.9
Married	3,420	1,710	1,710	41.3	42.9	39.9
Living common-law	945	470	475	11.4	11.8	11.1
Living common law - Never married	640	320	325	7.7	8.0	7.6
Living common law - Separated	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	215	115	95	2.6	2.9	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	30	5	25	0.4	0.1	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	3,915	1,810	2,105	47.3	45.4	49.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,150	1,230	925	26.0	30.9	21.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	285	120	165	3.4	3.0	3.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	760	315	445	9.2	7.9	10.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	720	150	575	8.7	3.8	13.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,610	...	...	61.7	...	...
3 persons	505	...	...	19.3	...	...
4 persons	355	...	...	13.6	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...	5.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,130	...	...	81.8	...	...
Married couples	1,665	...	...	63.9	...	...
With children⁶	630	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	1,035	...	...	39.7	...	...
Common-law couples	470	...	...	18.0	...	...
With children⁶	185	...	...	7.1	...	...
Without children	285	...	...	10.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	470	...	...	18.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	355	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	115	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,220	4,525	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	6,875	3,395	3,485	74.6	75.0	74.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,270	2,135	2,130	46.3	47.2	45.4
Parents in one-parent families	470	115	360	5.1	2.5	7.7
Children⁶	2,135	1,145	995	23.2	25.3	21.2
In a two-parent family	1,435	755	685	15.6	16.7	14.6
In a one-parent family	700	390	315	7.6	8.6	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,340	1,130	1,210	25.4	25.0	25.8
Living alone	1,720	775	945	18.7	17.1	20.1
Living with other relatives⁷	155	80	75	1.7	1.8	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	460	275	185	5.0	6.1	3.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,410	...	...	53.7	...	...
Couple-family households	2,015	...	...	44.9	...	...
With children⁶	775	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	1,245	...	...	27.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	395	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	195	...	...	4.3	...	...
One-person households	1,725	...	...	38.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,950	3,880	4,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,750	3,790	3,960	97.5	97.7	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	48,000	34,800	40,800	48,000	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,755	3,790	3,960	97.5	97.7	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,200	32,400	37,200	43,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,830	3,420	3,410	85.9	88.1	83.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	41,600	25,400	32,800	41,600	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,290	2,900	2,390	66.5	74.7	58.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,600	32,800	37,200	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,655	3,075	3,570	83.7	79.3	87.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	13,500	13,000	13,100	13,500	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	760	375	385	9.6	9.7	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,615	730	895	20.3	18.8	22.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,995	3,870	4,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,780	3,785	3,995	97.3	97.8	96.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,320	58,450	40,640	49,320	58,450	40,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,785	3,790	3,995	97.4	97.9	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,880	49,840	36,280	42,880	49,840	36,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,930	3,490	3,435	86.7	90.2	83.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,280	52,500	33,920	43,280	52,500	33,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,325	2,960	2,370	66.6	76.5	57.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	47,640	37,640	43,200	47,640	37,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,790	3,165	3,620	84.9	81.8	87.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,360	11,980	12,690	12,360	11,980	12,690
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	780	375	400	9.8	9.7	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,350	5,400	5,320	5,350	5,400	5,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,685	725	955	21.1	18.7	23.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	9,400	8,860	9,100	9,400	8,860
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,990	3,875	4,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,125	1,230	895	26.6	31.7	21.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	84,000	56,000	69,000	84,000	56,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,200	83,600	61,300	74,200	83,600	61,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,060	930	1,130	25.8	24.0	27.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	22,600	18,800	20,000	22,600	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,360	33,400	26,050	29,360	33,400	26,050
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.2	82.8	71.8	78.2	82.8	71.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.0	63.7	54.9	60.0	63.7	54.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.8	17.2	28.3	21.8	17.2	28.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	3.9	6.9	5.2	3.9	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.1	5.2	4.0	3.1	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,950	3,885	4,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	205	90	110	2.6	2.3	2.7
With total income	7,745	3,790	3,960	97.4	97.6	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	190	365	7.2	5.0	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	880	335	540	11.4	8.8	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,225	475	750	15.8	12.5	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,150	520	630	14.8	13.7	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,000	465	540	12.9	12.3	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	765	395	370	9.9	10.4	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	475	235	240	6.1	6.2	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	365	210	155	4.7	5.5	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	250	140	105	3.2	3.7	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	255	175	80	3.3	4.6	2.0
$100,000 and over	825	640	185	10.7	16.9	4.7
$100,000 to $149,999	655	500	150	8.5	13.2	3.8
$150,000 and over	170	140	35	2.2	3.7	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,950	3,885	4,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	195	85	110	2.5	2.2	2.7
With after-tax income	7,755	3,795	3,960	97.5	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	580	200	385	7.5	5.3	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	910	350	565	11.7	9.2	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,390	560	835	17.9	14.8	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,335	590	745	17.2	15.5	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,150	595	555	14.8	15.7	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	660	335	325	8.5	8.8	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	485	270	215	6.3	7.1	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	325	205	125	4.2	5.4	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	365	260	105	4.7	6.9	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	215	165	50	2.8	4.3	1.3
$100,000 and over	330	270	60	4.3	7.1	1.5
$100,000 to $124,999	220	175	45	2.8	4.6	1.1
$125,000 and over	110	95	20	1.4	2.5	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,950	3,885	4,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,660	975	1,685	33.5	25.1	41.4
With employment income	5,295	2,905	2,390	66.6	74.8	58.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,150	715	430	21.7	24.6	18.0
$5,000 to $9,999	330	125	210	6.2	4.3	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	555	230	325	10.5	7.9	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	470	225	250	8.9	7.7	10.5
$30,000 to $39,999	495	215	275	9.3	7.4	11.5
$40,000 to $49,999	420	195	220	7.9	6.7	9.2
$50,000 to $59,999	355	155	195	6.7	5.3	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	240	115	125	4.5	4.0	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	200	125	80	3.8	4.3	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	180	110	70	3.4	3.8	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	215	145	70	4.1	5.0	2.9
$100,000 and over	680	540	140	12.8	18.6	5.9
$100,000 to $124,999	430	335	95	8.1	11.5	4.0
$125,000 and over	250	205	40	4.7	7.1	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,950	3,880	4,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,635	3,745	3,900	96.0	96.5	95.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,800	30,800	38,000	46,800	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,665	3,740	3,920	96.4	96.4	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,600	28,600	34,800	41,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,870	3,425	3,445	86.4	88.3	84.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	41,600	25,600	32,800	41,600	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,670	2,995	2,670	71.3	77.2	65.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	37,200	25,400	30,200	37,200	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,675	2,520	3,155	71.4	64.9	77.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	11,700	10,200	10,700	11,700	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	630	290	340	7.9	7.5	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,080	5,240	5,160	5,080	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,995	3,870	4,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,685	3,735	3,950	96.1	96.5	95.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,280	57,400	37,680	47,280	57,400	37,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,705	3,735	3,970	96.4	96.5	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	48,000	32,920	40,200	48,000	32,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,990	3,515	3,470	87.4	90.8	84.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,520	53,400	33,520	43,520	53,400	33,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,715	3,065	2,650	71.5	79.2	64.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,240	47,760	33,720	41,240	47,760	33,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,730	2,600	3,130	71.7	67.2	75.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,340	10,270	10,410	10,340	10,270	10,410
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	635	285	350	7.9	7.4	8.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,380	5,720	6,920	6,380	5,720	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,990	3,875	4,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,095	1,215	880	26.2	31.4	21.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	79,500	51,600	62,400	79,500	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,100	81,400	57,100	71,100	81,400	57,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,995	900	1,100	25.0	23.2	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	28,600	22,200	25,000	28,600	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	41,300	28,800	34,400	41,300	28,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.6	87.6	78.2	83.6	87.6	78.2
Employment income (%)	64.8	68.2	59.9	64.8	68.2	59.9
Government transfers (%)	16.3	12.4	21.9	16.3	12.4	21.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.1	0.8	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,490	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,765	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,200	...	...	85,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,100	...	...	74,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,735	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,280	...	...	48,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,320	...	...	42,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,770	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,200	...	...	108,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	190	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	190	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	4.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	230	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	405	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	355	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	290	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,450	...	...	32.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	350	...	...	7.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	375	...	...	8.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	230	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	3.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	235	...	...	5.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	260	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	440	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	365	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	320	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,095	...	...	24.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	300	...	...	6.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	325	...	...	7.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	460	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,180	1,050	1,135	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	40,400	36,400	38,000	40,400	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	36,800	34,000	35,200	36,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,500	...	...	93,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,275	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,200	...	...	94,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,600	...	...	145,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,200	...	...	123,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,195	1,050	1,145	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,360	49,000	43,900	46,360	49,000	43,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,840	42,700	39,100	40,840	42,700	39,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,215	4,525	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,540	780	765	16.7	17.2	16.3
0 to 5 years	415	215	205	4.5	4.8	4.4
18 to 64 years	5,320	2,645	2,670	57.7	58.5	56.9
65 years and over	2,355	1,095	1,260	25.6	24.2	26.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	960	425	535	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	150	70	75	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	495	245	250	...	...	...
65 years and over	315	110	210	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.4	9.4	11.4	10.4	9.4	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	9.2	10.0	9.6	9.2	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	11.0	14.0	12.4	11.0	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.3	9.3	9.3	9.3	9.3
65 years and over (%)	13.5	10.0	16.6	13.5	10.0	16.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,220	4,525	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,545	780	760	16.8	17.2	16.2
0 to 5 years	420	210	205	4.6	4.6	4.4
18 to 64 years	5,320	2,650	2,675	57.7	58.6	57.0
65 years and over	2,355	1,095	1,265	25.5	24.2	26.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	205	105	100	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	15	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	150	85	70	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	5	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.4	2.1	2.2	2.4	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.5	3.0	2.8	2.5	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.3	2.5	2.9	3.3	2.5
65 years and over (%)	0.6	x	1.0	0.6	x	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,215	4,525	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,000	2,345	2,655	54.3	51.8	56.5
In bottom decile	865	425	435	9.4	9.4	9.3
In second decile	1,040	450	585	11.3	9.9	12.5
In third decile	1,010	470	545	11.0	10.4	11.6
In fourth decile	1,075	500	580	11.7	11.0	12.4
In fifth decile	1,010	505	510	11.0	11.2	10.9
In top half of the distribution	4,215	2,175	2,040	45.7	48.1	43.5
In sixth decile	970	495	470	10.5	10.9	10.0
In seventh decile	845	435	410	9.2	9.6	8.7
In eighth decile	860	440	420	9.3	9.7	8.9
In ninth decile	830	435	400	9.0	9.6	8.5
In top decile	705	375	335	7.7	8.3	7.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,220	...	...	9,220	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.428	...	...	0.428	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.263	...	...	0.263	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,310	4,560	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,010	4,415	4,590	96.8	96.8	96.6
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	285	140	145	3.1	3.1	3.1
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,310	4,560	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,230	4,520	4,710	99.1	99.1	99.2
French	60	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,310	4,560	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,190	4,510	4,685	98.7	98.9	98.6
Official languages	8,535	4,205	4,335	91.7	92.2	91.3
English	8,470	4,165	4,300	91.0	91.3	90.5
French	70	35	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
Non-official languages	655	305	345	7.0	6.7	7.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	650	305	345	7.0	6.7	7.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	5	25	0.3	0.1	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	20	0.3	0.1	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	535	260	275	5.7	5.7	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	35	0.6	0.7	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	45	45	1.0	1.0	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
German	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	135	80	60	1.5	1.8	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	130	80	55	1.4	1.8	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	60	40	1.1	1.3	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	105	135	2.6	2.3	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	200	85	115	2.1	1.9	2.4
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	115	50	65	1.2	1.1	1.4
English and French	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,310	4,560	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,765	4,295	4,465	94.1	94.2	94.0
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	105	50	60	1.1	1.1	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	50	60	1.1	1.1	1.3
English and French	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	380	185	195	4.1	4.1	4.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,310	4,560	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,215	4,520	4,700	99.0	99.1	98.9
Official languages	9,000	4,410	4,590	96.7	96.7	96.6
English	8,990	4,405	4,585	96.6	96.6	96.5
French	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	220	105	115	2.4	2.3	2.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	220	105	115	2.4	2.3	2.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	160	80	80	1.7	1.8	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	45	1.1	1.2	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	95	55	40	1.0	1.2	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Portuguese	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	90	40	50	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,310	4,560	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,955	4,385	4,565	96.2	96.2	96.1
English	95	50	45	1.0	1.1	0.9
French	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-official language	185	85	105	2.0	1.9	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	180	85	100	1.9	1.9	2.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,270	4,530	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,255	4,530	4,730	99.8	100.0	99.8
English	9,255	4,530	4,730	99.8	100.0	99.8
French	280	140	135	3.0	3.1	2.8
Non-official languages	975	455	525	10.5	10.0	11.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	975	455	525	10.5	10.0	11.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	0	40	0.5	0.0	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	0	40	0.5	0.0	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	45	20	0.7	1.0	0.4
Kannada	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Malayalam	40	30	15	0.4	0.7	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	775	380	390	8.4	8.4	8.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	40	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germanic languages	135	80	50	1.5	1.8	1.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	75	35	1.1	1.7	0.7
German	105	75	35	1.1	1.7	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	225	135	90	2.4	3.0	1.9
Indo-Aryan languages	215	130	85	2.3	2.9	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	130	80	50	1.4	1.8	1.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	85	75	1.7	1.9	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	135	195	3.6	3.0	4.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	250	110	140	2.7	2.4	3.0
Portuguese	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	75	20	55	0.8	0.4	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
American Sign Language	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,270	4,530	4,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	800	450	345	8.6	9.9	7.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	765	430	335	8.3	9.5	7.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	335	165	170	3.6	3.6	3.6
Métis	425	260	165	4.6	5.7	3.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	8,470	4,075	4,390	91.4	90.0	92.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,270	4,530	4,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	145	80	65	1.6	1.8	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,130	4,450	4,670	98.5	98.2	98.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,190	...	...	70.8	...	...
Renter	1,315	...	...	29.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	115	...	...	2.6	...	...
Not condominium	4,395	...	...	97.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	410	...	...	9.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,270	...	...	28.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,645	...	...	36.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,170	...	...	26.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	945	...	...	21.0	...	...
5 rooms	710	...	...	15.8	...	...
6 rooms	670	...	...	14.9	...	...
7 rooms	665	...	...	14.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,510	...	...	33.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,455	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,385	...	...	97.3	...	...
Not suitable	125	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,860	...	...	63.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,075	...	...	23.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	170	...	...	3.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	215	...	...	4.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	95	...	...	2.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,045	...	...	89.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,680	...	...	59.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,715	...	...	38.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	115	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	110	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	550	...	...	12.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	600	...	...	13.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	625	...	...	13.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	980	...	...	21.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	955	...	...	21.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	455	...	...	10.1	...	...
85 years and over	230	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,885	...	...	86.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	620	...	...	13.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	580	...	...	12.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,080	...	...	24.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	510	...	...	11.3	...	...
Not suitable only	105	...	...	2.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	340	...	...	7.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	2.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,425	...	...	76.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	195	...	...	4.4	...	...
Not in core need	4,265	...	...	95.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.4	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	966	...	...	966	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	328,000	...	...	328,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,400	...	...	348,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.0	...	...	30.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.8	...	...	10.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	952	...	...	952	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,270	4,525	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	145	60	80	1.6	1.3	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	145	60	80	1.6	1.3	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	60	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.9
Métis single ancestry	80	45	35	0.9	1.0	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	685	395	290	7.4	8.7	6.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	660	370	285	7.1	8.2	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	355	175	180	3.8	3.9	3.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	295	190	105	3.2	4.2	2.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,440	4,070	4,370	91.0	89.9	92.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,270	4,530	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,870	4,335	4,530	95.7	95.7	95.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,525	785	745	16.5	17.3	15.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,345	3,555	3,785	79.2	78.5	79.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	400	190	210	4.3	4.2	4.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,270	4,530	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,275	4,070	4,200	89.3	89.8	88.6
Immigrants⁸¹	805	340	460	8.7	7.5	9.7
Before 1980	435	215	220	4.7	4.7	4.6
1980 to 1990	85	30	50	0.9	0.7	1.1
1991 to 2000	80	10	70	0.9	0.2	1.5
2001 to 2010	75	25	50	0.8	0.6	1.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	125	60	65	1.3	1.3	1.4
2011 to 2015	30	25	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
2016 to 2021	95	35	55	1.0	0.8	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	195	115	80	2.1	2.5	1.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	805	340	460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	110	60	50	13.7	17.6	10.9
5 to 14 years	165	95	75	20.5	27.9	16.3
15 to 24 years	170	50	125	21.1	14.7	27.2
25 to 44 years	315	130	185	39.1	38.2	40.2
45 years and over	45	15	35	5.6	4.4	7.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	805	340	460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	40	90	15.5	11.8	19.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	105	30	70	13.0	8.8	15.2
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	3.3
Europe	440	195	245	54.7	57.4	53.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	45	10	30	5.6	2.9	6.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	3.3
Italy	115	60	55	14.3	17.6	12.0
Netherlands	15	10	0	1.9	2.9	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	165	70	95	20.5	20.6	20.7
Other places of birth in Europe	45	25	15	5.6	7.4	3.3
Africa	40	30	0	5.0	8.8	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	0	4.3	7.4	0.0
Asia	175	70	100	21.7	20.6	21.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	15	20	3.7	4.4	4.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	0	45	6.2	0.0	9.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	35	25	7.5	10.3	5.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	15	15	3.1	4.4	3.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90	35	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	20	22.2	0.0	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	11.1	0.0	16.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	65	35	25	72.2	100.0	41.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	20	61.1	85.7	33.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	16.7	0.0	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	11.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	11.1	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,270	4,530	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,055	485	570	11.4	10.7	12.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,715	790	925	18.5	17.4	19.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,495	3,255	3,245	70.1	71.9	68.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	370	130	240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	185	90	100	50.0	69.2	41.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	50	55	28.4	38.5	22.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	80	40	40	21.6	30.8	16.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	160	35	125	43.2	26.9	52.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	0	15	5.4	0.0	6.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	370	130	240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	30	60	24.3	23.1	25.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	15	6.8	7.7	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	250	90	160	67.6	69.2	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,270	4,530	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	560	275	285	6.0	6.1	6.0
South Asian	270	150	125	2.9	3.3	2.6
Chinese	60	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Black	35	20	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Filipino	65	20	40	0.7	0.4	0.8
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Southeast Asian	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
West Asian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Multiple visible minorities	40	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,715	4,255	4,460	94.0	93.9	94.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,270	4,530	4,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,300	700	600	14.0	15.5	12.7
English	2,860	1,325	1,535	30.9	29.2	32.4
Irish	1,730	820	905	18.7	18.1	19.1
Scottish	2,300	1,105	1,195	24.8	24.4	25.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	900	455	440	9.7	10.0	9.3
German	1,470	645	820	15.9	14.2	17.3
Chinese	65	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
Italian	1,430	725	705	15.4	16.0	14.9
Indian (India)	185	100	85	2.0	2.2	1.8
Ukrainian	430	215	215	4.6	4.7	4.5
Dutch	420	220	200	4.5	4.9	4.2
Polish	320	145	180	3.5	3.2	3.8
Québécois	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	375	190	190	4.0	4.2	4.0
Filipino	70	25	50	0.8	0.6	1.1
French Canadian	85	45	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	155	65	90	1.7	1.4	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	190	105	90	2.0	2.3	1.9
Métis	400	255	145	4.3	5.6	3.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	155	70	85	1.7	1.5	1.8
Russian	375	165	210	4.0	3.6	4.4
Norwegian	455	225	230	4.9	5.0	4.9
Welsh	390	180	210	4.2	4.0	4.4
Portuguese	50	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.8
American	235	100	130	2.5	2.2	2.7
Spanish	85	20	60	0.9	0.4	1.3
Swedish	330	155	180	3.6	3.4	3.8
Hungarian	125	70	55	1.3	1.5	1.2
Acadian	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Punjabi	50	30	25	0.5	0.7	0.5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Danish	130	60	75	1.4	1.3	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Sikh	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Austrian	115	60	60	1.2	1.3	1.3
Belgian	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mexican	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	60	40	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
Swiss	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Finnish	130	90	40	1.4	2.0	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	130	45	80	1.4	1.0	1.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	65	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	45	35	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	40	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	65	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,275	4,530	4,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Christian	4,060	1,805	2,255	43.8	39.8	47.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	700	275	420	7.5	6.1	8.9
Anabaptist	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Anglican	320	140	175	3.5	3.1	3.7
Baptist	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catholic	1,600	740	860	17.3	16.3	18.1
Christian Orthodox	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	165	90	75	1.8	2.0	1.6
Latter Day Saints	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Lutheran	130	65	65	1.4	1.4	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	120	45	75	1.3	1.0	1.6
Presbyterian	110	55	50	1.2	1.2	1.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	555	225	335	6.0	5.0	7.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	205	85	120	2.2	1.9	2.5
Hindu	85	55	30	0.9	1.2	0.6
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sikh	100	55	45	1.1	1.2	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	95	35	60	1.0	0.8	1.3
No religion and secular perspectives	4,875	2,560	2,320	52.6	56.5	48.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,205	4,475	4,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,030	3,935	4,100	87.2	87.9	86.8
Movers	1,170	540	630	12.7	12.1	13.3
Non-migrants	480	220	260	5.2	4.9	5.5
Migrants	690	325	370	7.5	7.3	7.8
Internal migrants	660	315	345	7.2	7.0	7.3
Intraprovincial migrants	540	240	295	5.9	5.4	6.2
Interprovincial migrants	120	70	50	1.3	1.6	1.1
External migrants	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,975	4,365	4,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,505	2,745	2,755	61.3	62.9	59.8
Movers	3,475	1,620	1,850	38.7	37.1	40.1
Non-migrants	1,055	475	580	11.8	10.9	12.6
Migrants	2,415	1,140	1,270	26.9	26.1	27.5
Internal migrants	2,165	1,000	1,160	24.1	22.9	25.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,755	805	955	19.6	18.4	20.7
Interprovincial migrants	410	195	210	4.6	4.5	4.6
External migrants	255	140	110	2.8	3.2	2.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,995	3,870	4,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,410	725	690	17.6	18.7	16.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,580	3,150	3,430	82.3	81.4	83.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,695	2,275	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	495	265	230	10.5	11.6	9.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,200	2,010	2,185	89.5	88.4	90.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,995	3,870	4,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,155	560	585	14.4	14.5	14.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,535	1,160	1,375	31.7	30.0	33.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,310	2,150	2,155	53.9	55.6	52.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,160	1,640	1,520	39.5	42.4	36.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	995	805	190	12.4	20.8	4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	320	195	130	4.0	5.0	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	665	610	55	8.3	15.8	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,950	740	1,205	24.4	19.1	29.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	95	125	2.8	2.5	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,150	515	635	14.4	13.3	15.4
Bachelor's degree	755	320	435	9.4	8.3	10.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	30	85	1.4	0.8	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	225	130	95	2.8	3.4	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	25	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,695	2,280	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	380	180	195	8.1	7.9	8.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,450	730	715	30.9	32.0	29.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,865	1,360	1,505	61.0	59.6	62.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,015	1,015	995	42.9	44.5	41.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	585	475	105	12.5	20.8	4.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	195	125	65	4.2	5.5	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	385	345	35	8.2	15.1	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,295	480	810	27.6	21.1	33.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	60	75	2.9	2.6	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	855	345	515	18.2	15.1	21.3
Bachelor's degree	585	225	360	12.5	9.9	14.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	20	60	1.7	0.9	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	165	85	85	3.5	3.7	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,995	3,870	4,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,685	1,720	1,965	46.1	44.4	47.7
Education	280	80	195	3.5	2.1	4.7
13. Education	280	80	195	3.5	2.1	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.8
Humanities	165	85	80	2.1	2.2	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	35	25	0.7	0.9	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
54. History	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	80	235	3.9	2.1	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	105	1.4	0.0	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	45	0.7	0.4	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
45. Social sciences	105	40	60	1.3	1.0	1.5
Business, management and public administration	850	280	565	10.6	7.2	13.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	10	100	1.4	0.3	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	735	265	470	9.2	6.8	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	50	25	1.0	1.3	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	60	50	1.4	1.6	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	40	40	1.1	1.0	1.0
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,265	1,205	55	15.8	31.1	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	175	140	30	2.2	3.6	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	305	300	0	3.8	7.8	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	400	395	0	5.0	10.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	215	210	10	2.7	5.4	0.2
48. Precision production	155	155	0	1.9	4.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	35	40	0.9	0.9	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	825	120	710	10.3	3.1	17.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	770	90	680	9.6	2.3	16.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	120	160	3.5	3.1	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	215	70	145	2.7	1.8	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,695	2,275	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,830	915	910	39.0	40.2	37.6
Education	170	45	120	3.6	2.0	5.0
13. Education	170	45	120	3.6	2.0	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	30	35	1.3	1.3	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.2
Humanities	105	45	65	2.2	2.0	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	20	15	0.6	0.9	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
54. History	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	40	195	5.0	1.8	8.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	80	1.8	0.0	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	1.0	0.4	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
45. Social sciences	65	10	55	1.4	0.4	2.3
Business, management and public administration	570	180	395	12.1	7.9	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	1.8	0.4	3.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	480	170	310	10.2	7.5	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	35	20	1.2	1.5	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	35	20	1.3	1.5	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	1.1	1.5	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	800	750	50	17.0	33.0	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	140	110	25	3.0	4.8	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	190	0	4.3	8.4	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	245	240	0	5.2	10.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	120	120	0	2.6	5.3	0.0
48. Precision production	85	85	0	1.8	3.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Health and related fields	575	105	470	12.2	4.6	19.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	20	15	0.7	0.9	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530	80	445	11.3	3.5	18.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	210	90	120	4.5	4.0	5.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	55	115	3.6	2.4	4.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,695	2,275	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,830	915	910	39.0	40.2	37.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,870	1,365	1,505	61.1	60.0	62.2
Location of study inside Canada	2,570	1,190	1,380	54.7	52.3	57.0
Same as province or territory of residence	1,990	935	1,050	42.4	41.1	43.4
Different than province or territory of residence	580	255	330	12.4	11.2	13.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	295	170	130	6.3	7.5	5.4
Americas	80	50	30	1.7	2.2	1.2
United States of America	70	50	20	1.5	2.2	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	25	25	1.1	1.1	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	120	65	65	2.6	2.9	2.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	95	60	35	2.0	2.6	1.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	35	25	10	0.7	1.1	0.4
Australia	25	20	10	0.5	0.9	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,995	3,870	4,125	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,315	2,225	2,090	...	...	...
Employed	3,985	2,030	1,955	...	...	...
Unemployed	330	195	140	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,680	1,645	2,030	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.0	57.5	50.7	54.0	57.5	50.7
Employment rate	49.8	52.5	47.4	49.8	52.5	47.4
Unemployment rate	7.6	8.8	6.7	7.6	8.8	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,995	3,870	4,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,665	1,640	2,030	45.8	42.4	49.3
Worked	4,325	2,235	2,090	54.1	57.8	50.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,160	1,245	910	27.0	32.2	22.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,165	985	1,175	27.1	25.5	28.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.9	39.8	40.3	40.9	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,315	2,220	2,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	30	50	1.9	1.4	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,230	2,190	2,045	98.0	98.6	97.8
Employee	3,790	1,950	1,840	87.8	87.8	88.0
Permanent position	3,050	1,615	1,435	70.7	72.7	68.7
Temporary position	745	335	405	17.3	15.1	19.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	225	75	155	5.2	3.4	7.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	520	265	250	12.1	11.9	12.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	440	240	205	10.2	10.8	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,315	2,220	2,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	30	50	1.9	1.4	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,230	2,190	2,045	98.0	98.6	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	560	110	445	13.0	5.0	21.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	160	65	5.2	7.2	3.1
3 Health occupations	395	45	355	9.2	2.0	17.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	465	135	330	10.8	6.1	15.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	30	45	1.7	1.4	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	1,250	560	690	29.0	25.2	33.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	805	740	60	18.7	33.3	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	80	0	1.9	3.6	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	360	325	35	8.3	14.6	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,315	2,220	2,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	30	50	1.9	1.4	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	4,230	2,190	2,045	98.0	98.6	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	15	0	0.6	0.7	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	85	25	2.4	3.8	1.2
22 Utilities	80	60	20	1.9	2.7	1.0
23 Construction	290	240	45	6.7	10.8	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	520	460	60	12.1	20.7	2.9
41 Wholesale trade	95	70	25	2.2	3.2	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	600	265	330	13.9	11.9	15.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	155	115	40	3.6	5.2	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	80	25	55	1.9	1.1	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	15	0.9	1.1	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	165	70	90	3.8	3.2	4.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	25	20	0.9	1.1	1.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	155	40	4.6	7.0	1.9
61 Educational services	260	55	205	6.0	2.5	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	715	120	595	16.6	5.4	28.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	30	45	1.6	1.4	2.2
72 Accommodation and food services	330	150	180	7.6	6.8	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	250	110	135	5.8	5.0	6.5
91 Public administration	190	100	100	4.4	4.5	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,700	2,405	2,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,675	2,395	2,280	99.5	99.6	99.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,700	2,405	2,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,700	2,405	2,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	4,690	2,405	2,285	99.8	100.0	99.6
English	4,685	2,405	2,285	99.7	100.0	99.6
French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,700	2,405	2,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,680	2,395	2,285	99.6	99.6	99.6
English	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,985	2,030	1,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	390	175	220	9.8	8.6	11.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	510	355	155	12.8	17.5	7.9
Usual place of work	3,075	1,495	1,580	77.2	73.6	80.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,080	1,495	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,810	890	920	58.8	59.5	58.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	785	370	415	25.5	24.7	26.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	410	215	195	13.3	14.4	12.3
Commute to a different province or territory	75	25	50	2.4	1.7	3.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,590	1,850	1,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,115	1,650	1,470	86.8	89.2	84.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,860	1,515	1,340	79.7	81.9	77.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	255	125	130	7.1	6.8	7.5
Public transit	70	20	50	1.9	1.1	2.9
Walked	320	125	200	8.9	6.8	11.5
Bicycle	25	20	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
Other method	55	35	20	1.5	1.9	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,590	1,850	1,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,395	1,220	1,170	66.7	65.9	67.4
15 to 29 minutes	790	390	400	22.0	21.1	23.1
30 to 44 minutes	240	120	120	6.7	6.5	6.9
45 to 59 minutes	55	45	10	1.5	2.4	0.6
60 minutes and over	100	70	30	2.8	3.8	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,590	1,850	1,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	350	305	50	9.7	16.5	2.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	680	400	280	18.9	21.6	16.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	780	310	465	21.7	16.8	26.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	695	230	465	19.4	12.4	26.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	390	155	240	10.9	8.4	13.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	690	450	240	19.2	24.3	13.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,575	800	775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	40	3.8	3.1	5.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,510	775	735	95.9	96.9	94.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,200	615	590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	20	30	4.2	3.3	5.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	10	2.1	1.6	1.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	15	15	2.1	2.4	2.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,150	590	565	95.8	95.9	95.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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