Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	UBC Vancouver, Unincorporated place (UNP)More information: British Columbia [Designated place]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,103	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,856^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	17.5	...	...	17.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,213	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,121	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,726.4	...	...	3,726.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.05	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,105	7,125	7,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,340	1,225	1,115	15.5	17.2	14.0
0 to 4 years	710	375	340	4.7	5.3	4.3
5 to 9 years	805	420	385	5.3	5.9	4.8
10 to 14 years	825	430	390	5.5	6.0	4.9
15 to 64 years	11,080	5,125	5,960	73.4	71.9	74.7
15 to 19 years	1,450	690	755	9.6	9.7	9.5
20 to 24 years	2,335	1,090	1,240	15.5	15.3	15.5
25 to 29 years	1,165	595	575	7.7	8.4	7.2
30 to 34 years	1,030	500	530	6.8	7.0	6.6
35 to 39 years	1,040	495	545	6.9	6.9	6.8
40 to 44 years	960	410	545	6.4	5.8	6.8
45 to 49 years	945	385	555	6.3	5.4	7.0
50 to 54 years	970	400	570	6.4	5.6	7.1
55 to 59 years	750	365	385	5.0	5.1	4.8
60 to 64 years	445	200	250	2.9	2.8	3.1
65 years and over	1,675	770	905	11.1	10.8	11.3
65 to 69 years	380	190	190	2.5	2.7	2.4
70 to 74 years	370	175	195	2.4	2.5	2.4
75 to 79 years	255	130	130	1.7	1.8	1.6
80 to 84 years	260	115	140	1.7	1.6	1.8
85 years and over	415	170	245	2.7	2.4	3.1
85 to 89 years	205	85	115	1.4	1.2	1.4
90 to 94 years	130	55	75	0.9	0.8	0.9
95 to 99 years	80	25	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	17.2	14.0	15.5	17.2	14.0
15 to 64 years	73.4	71.9	74.7	73.4	71.9	74.7
65 years and over	11.1	10.8	11.3	11.1	10.8	11.3
85 years and over	2.7	2.4	3.1	2.7	2.4	3.1
Average age of the population	35.7	34.6	36.6	35.7	34.6	36.6
Median age of the population	31.2	29.6	32.8	31.2	29.6	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...	0.9	...	...
Row house	540	...	...	8.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,795	...	...	29.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,725	...	...	60.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,035	...	...	33.3	...	...
2 persons	1,955	...	...	31.9	...	...
3 persons	1,195	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	690	...	...	11.3	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	3.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,580	6,305	7,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,760	5,900	6,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,485	3,085	3,400	50.8	52.3	49.6
Married	5,730	2,710	3,020	44.9	45.9	44.0
Living common-law	760	375	385	6.0	6.4	5.6
Living common law - Never married	655	325	330	5.1	5.5	4.8
Living common law - Separated	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Living common law - Divorced	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not married and not living common-law	6,275	2,815	3,460	49.2	47.7	50.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,125	2,525	2,600	40.2	42.8	37.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	275	75	195	2.2	1.3	2.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	510	130	380	4.0	2.2	5.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	370	85	280	2.9	1.4	4.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,675	...	...	46.4	...	...
3 persons	1,065	...	...	29.5	...	...
4 persons	695	...	...	19.3	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	4.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,850	...	...	79.1	...	...
Married couples	2,470	...	...	68.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,600	...	...	44.4	...	...
Without children	870	...	...	24.1	...	...
Common-law couples	375	...	...	10.4	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...	2.2	...	...
Without children	295	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	755	...	...	20.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	685	...	...	19.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	70	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,580	6,305	7,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,230	4,845	5,385	75.3	76.8	74.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,700	2,845	2,855	42.0	45.1	39.2
Parents in one-parent families	760	75	680	5.6	1.2	9.3
Children⁶	3,770	1,920	1,850	27.8	30.5	25.4
In a two-parent family	2,725	1,390	1,340	20.1	22.0	18.4
In a one-parent family	1,050	535	510	7.7	8.5	7.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,355	1,460	1,890	24.7	23.2	26.0
Living alone	2,040	885	1,155	15.0	14.0	15.9
Living with other relatives⁷	320	135	180	2.4	2.1	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	995	445	555	7.3	7.1	7.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,375	...	...	55.1	...	...
Couple-family households	2,690	...	...	43.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,605	...	...	26.2	...	...
Without children	1,085	...	...	17.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	685	...	...	11.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	85	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	525	...	...	8.6	...	...
One-person households	2,040	...	...	33.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,295	5,110	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,605	4,785	5,825	93.9	93.6	94.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	37,200	28,800	31,800	37,200	28,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,600	4,785	5,825	93.8	93.6	94.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,800	27,400	30,000	34,800	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,295	4,195	5,100	82.3	82.1	82.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	40,000	26,200	31,600	40,000	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,750	3,210	3,540	59.8	62.8	57.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	40,000	24,600	30,400	40,000	24,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,515	3,550	4,970	75.4	69.5	80.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	3,100	2,440	3,920	3,100	2,440	3,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	410	145	265	3.6	2.8	4.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,720	6,000	6,000	5,720	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,730	1,230	1,490	24.2	24.1	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,040	6,000	6,000	5,040	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,345	5,190	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,650	4,825	5,825	93.9	93.0	94.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,100	61,550	46,120	53,100	61,550	46,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,655	4,830	5,825	93.9	93.1	94.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,760	49,320	39,160	43,760	49,320	39,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,325	4,220	5,105	82.2	81.3	82.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,750	65,200	46,120	54,750	65,200	46,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,790	3,210	3,585	59.9	61.8	58.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,650	67,200	45,280	55,650	67,200	45,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,625	3,630	4,995	76.0	69.9	81.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,395	6,015	6,680	6,395	6,015	6,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	165	310	4.2	3.2	5.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,760	6,160	7,050	6,760	6,160	7,050
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,525	1,215	1,310	22.3	23.4	21.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,410	8,480	8,350	8,410	8,480	8,350
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,345	5,195	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,880	1,555	1,320	25.4	29.9	21.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,000	82,000	68,000	76,000	82,000	68,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	97,500	112,700	79,700	97,500	112,700	79,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,925	1,185	1,740	25.8	22.8	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	11,700	11,700	11,800	11,700	11,700	11,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,280	27,350	23,840	25,280	27,350	23,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.2	92.6	87.6	90.2	92.6	87.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.8	72.6	60.3	66.8	72.6	60.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.8	7.3	12.4	9.8	7.3	12.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.4	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	4.0	5.1	4.6	4.0	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.5	4.1	3.8	3.5	4.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,295	5,110	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	690	325	365	6.1	6.4	5.9
With total income	10,605	4,780	5,820	93.9	93.5	94.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,610	1,105	1,505	24.6	23.1	25.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,315	560	755	12.4	11.7	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,205	475	735	11.4	9.9	12.6
$30,000 to $39,999	850	360	490	8.0	7.5	8.4
$40,000 to $49,999	780	335	445	7.4	7.0	7.6
$50,000 to $59,999	605	245	365	5.7	5.1	6.3
$60,000 to $69,999	500	210	290	4.7	4.4	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	440	210	230	4.1	4.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	345	185	160	3.3	3.9	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	270	130	140	2.5	2.7	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,675	975	705	15.8	20.4	12.1
$100,000 to $149,999	920	505	415	8.7	10.6	7.1
$150,000 and over	760	470	290	7.2	9.8	5.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,295	5,110	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	695	325	365	6.2	6.4	5.9
With after-tax income	10,605	4,785	5,820	93.9	93.6	94.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,665	1,125	1,545	25.1	23.5	26.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,355	575	780	12.8	12.0	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,275	495	785	12.0	10.3	13.5
$30,000 to $39,999	950	415	540	9.0	8.7	9.3
$40,000 to $49,999	860	375	480	8.1	7.8	8.2
$50,000 to $59,999	690	275	415	6.5	5.7	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	570	265	300	5.4	5.5	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	430	220	215	4.1	4.6	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	360	190	175	3.4	4.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	290	150	145	2.7	3.1	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,145	690	450	10.8	14.4	7.7
$100,000 to $124,999	505	290	215	4.8	6.1	3.7
$125,000 and over	640	405	230	6.0	8.5	4.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,295	5,110	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,545	1,895	2,645	40.2	37.1	42.8
With employment income	6,750	3,210	3,540	59.8	62.8	57.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,340	565	775	19.9	17.6	21.9
$5,000 to $9,999	700	290	415	10.4	9.0	11.7
$10,000 to $19,999	800	375	425	11.9	11.7	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	505	225	280	7.5	7.0	7.9
$30,000 to $39,999	385	155	230	5.7	4.8	6.5
$40,000 to $49,999	435	180	260	6.4	5.6	7.3
$50,000 to $59,999	360	160	195	5.3	5.0	5.5
$60,000 to $69,999	300	140	160	4.4	4.4	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	270	140	130	4.0	4.4	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	220	120	100	3.3	3.7	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	200	100	95	3.0	3.1	2.7
$100,000 and over	1,240	765	475	18.4	23.8	13.4
$100,000 to $124,999	410	220	185	6.1	6.9	5.2
$125,000 and over	835	545	290	12.4	17.0	8.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,295	5,110	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,635	4,330	5,305	85.3	84.7	85.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	36,000	25,800	30,000	36,000	25,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,665	4,340	5,325	85.6	84.9	86.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	33,600	24,200	28,000	33,600	24,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,880	4,020	4,860	78.6	78.7	78.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	38,000	25,800	31,000	38,000	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,565	3,135	3,435	58.1	61.4	55.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	35,200	22,400	27,600	35,200	22,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,480	2,545	3,940	57.4	49.8	63.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	655	548	950	655	548	950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	255	90	165	2.3	1.8	2.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,840	7,150	6,600	5,840	7,150
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,345	5,190	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,680	4,355	5,325	85.3	83.9	86.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,350	61,900	44,560	52,350	61,900	44,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,695	4,360	5,335	85.5	84.0	86.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,800	47,400	37,240	41,800	47,400	37,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,990	4,050	4,935	79.2	78.0	80.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,350	64,300	44,360	53,350	64,300	44,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,720	3,205	3,515	59.2	61.8	57.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,350	62,850	40,840	51,350	62,850	40,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,575	2,540	4,040	58.0	48.9	65.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,116	3,584	4,452	4,116	3,584	4,452
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	260	95	160	2.3	1.8	2.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,100	9,200	10,500	10,100	9,200	10,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,345	5,195	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,820	1,535	1,285	24.9	29.5	20.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	76,500	58,400	69,500	76,500	58,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,200	105,900	71,600	90,200	105,900	71,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,530	1,055	1,480	22.3	20.3	24.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,300	12,800	14,100	13,300	12,800	14,100
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	30,900	25,260	27,600	30,900	25,260
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.6	96.6	92.4	94.6	96.6	92.4
Employment income (%)	68.0	74.6	60.5	68.0	74.6	60.5
Government transfers (%)	5.3	3.4	7.6	5.3	3.4	7.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.3	0.7	0.5	0.3	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...	30,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	28,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,080	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,200	...	...	92,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,450	...	...	56,450	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,720	...	...	44,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,095	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	91,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	665	...	...	10.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	225	...	...	3.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	220	...	...	3.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	165	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...	2.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	335	...	...	5.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	5.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	315	...	...	5.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	265	...	...	4.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	210	...	...	3.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,080	...	...	34.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	500	...	...	8.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	725	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	705	...	...	11.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	4.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	235	...	...	3.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	3.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	3.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	410	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	355	...	...	5.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	325	...	...	5.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...	4.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	4.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,740	...	...	28.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	505	...	...	8.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	845	...	...	13.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...	45,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,030	1,325	1,710	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	20,600	19,600	21,600	20,600	19,600	21,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	20,000	19,000	21,200	20,000	19,000	21,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,655	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,200	...	...	119,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,700	...	...	98,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,400	...	...	124,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,800	...	...	102,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,800	...	...	144,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,600	...	...	118,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,700	...	...	59,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,600	...	...	52,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,085	1,405	1,680	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,360	43,160	41,720	42,360	43,160	41,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	33,920	34,800	34,400	33,920	34,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,580	6,300	7,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,760	1,425	1,335	20.3	22.6	18.4
0 to 5 years	855	450	405	6.3	7.1	5.6
18 to 64 years	9,460	4,255	5,205	69.7	67.5	71.5
65 years and over	1,355	615	740	10.0	9.8	10.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,180	1,845	2,335	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	765	385	380	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	185	95	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,260	1,400	1,860	...	...	...
65 years and over	155	65	95	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	30.8	29.3	32.1	30.8	29.3	32.1
0 to 17 years (%)	27.7	27.0	28.4	27.7	27.0	28.4
0 to 5 years (%)	21.6	21.6	21.6	21.6	21.6	21.6
18 to 64 years (%)	34.5	32.9	35.8	34.5	32.9	35.8
65 years and over (%)	11.6	10.0	13.0	11.6	10.0	13.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,580	6,305	7,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,765	1,430	1,340	20.4	22.7	18.4
0 to 5 years	860	455	410	6.3	7.2	5.6
18 to 64 years	9,460	4,260	5,200	69.7	67.6	71.5
65 years and over	1,355	620	735	10.0	9.8	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,500	1,545	1,950	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	570	285	290	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	75	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,815	1,220	1,595	...	...	...
65 years and over	110	40	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	25.8	24.5	26.8	25.8	24.5	26.8
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	19.8	21.6	20.7	19.8	21.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	16.0	18.5	17.2	16.0	18.5
18 to 64 years (%)	29.8	28.7	30.6	29.8	28.7	30.6
65 years and over (%)	8.2	6.4	9.6	8.2	6.4	9.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,575	6,305	7,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,820	3,540	4,280	57.6	56.1	58.8
In bottom decile	4,070	1,795	2,275	30.0	28.5	31.3
In second decile	1,080	495	585	8.0	7.9	8.0
In third decile	995	495	495	7.3	7.9	6.8
In fourth decile	855	380	470	6.3	6.0	6.5
In fifth decile	825	380	450	6.1	6.0	6.2
In top half of the distribution	5,760	2,760	3,000	42.4	43.8	41.2
In sixth decile	860	405	455	6.3	6.4	6.3
In seventh decile	825	390	435	6.1	6.2	6.0
In eighth decile	850	395	450	6.3	6.3	6.2
In ninth decile	1,270	615	660	9.4	9.8	9.1
In top decile	1,950	960	990	14.4	15.2	13.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,580	...	...	13,580	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.492	...	...	0.492	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.548	...	...	0.548	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.452	...	...	0.452	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	20.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,780	6,965	7,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	12,610	6,040	6,570	85.3	86.7	84.1
French only	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	1,385	605	785	9.4	8.7	10.0
Neither English nor French	770	320	455	5.2	4.6	5.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,780	6,965	7,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,685	6,510	7,180	92.6	93.5	91.9
French	140	60	85	0.9	0.9	1.1
English and French	195	85	110	1.3	1.2	1.4
Neither English nor French	750	305	450	5.1	4.4	5.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,780	6,965	7,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,845	6,485	7,355	93.7	93.1	94.1
Official languages	5,765	2,875	2,890	39.0	41.3	37.0
English	5,540	2,750	2,795	37.5	39.5	35.8
French	225	125	100	1.5	1.8	1.3
Non-official languages	8,080	3,615	4,465	54.7	51.9	57.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,075	3,615	4,465	54.6	51.9	57.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	305	165	140	2.1	2.4	1.8
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	300	165	140	2.0	2.4	1.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	210	115	95	1.4	1.7	1.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	45	75	0.8	0.6	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	60	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Kannada	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malayalam	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,950	965	985	13.2	13.9	12.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	335	160	180	2.3	2.3	2.3
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	335	160	175	2.3	2.3	2.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian	185	90	95	1.3	1.3	1.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	305	165	145	2.1	2.4	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	80	60	0.9	1.1	0.8
German	135	80	55	0.9	1.1	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	75	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	135	65	70	0.9	0.9	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	755	380	375	5.1	5.5	4.8
Indo-Aryan languages	355	190	165	2.4	2.7	2.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	55	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Gujarati	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	85	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	60	45	0.7	0.9	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	50	25	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	405	190	210	2.7	2.7	2.7
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	390	185	210	2.6	2.7	2.7
Dari	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian Persian	365	175	190	2.5	2.5	2.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	530	255	275	3.6	3.7	3.5
Catalan	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Portuguese	95	40	60	0.6	0.6	0.8
Romanian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Spanish	355	175	180	2.4	2.5	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	205	80	130	1.4	1.1	1.7
Korean	710	310	400	4.8	4.5	5.1
Mongolian	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,445	1,895	2,555	30.1	27.2	32.7
Chinese languages	4,440	1,890	2,550	30.0	27.1	32.6
Hakka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	3,775	1,605	2,175	25.5	23.0	27.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Yue (Cantonese)	500	215	290	3.4	3.1	3.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	85	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	75	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	935	475	455	6.3	6.8	5.8
English and French	160	85	70	1.1	1.2	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	710	365	340	4.8	5.2	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,780	6,965	7,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,150	3,040	3,110	41.6	43.6	39.8
French	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	2,945	1,220	1,720	19.9	17.5	22.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	2,945	1,220	1,720	19.9	17.5	22.0
English and French	200	95	105	1.4	1.4	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	5,155	2,475	2,680	34.9	35.5	34.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	60	75	0.9	0.9	1.0
Multiple non-official languages	155	60	90	1.0	0.9	1.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,780	6,965	7,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,715	6,460	7,255	92.8	92.7	92.8
Official languages	8,310	4,095	4,215	56.2	58.8	53.9
English	8,240	4,065	4,175	55.8	58.4	53.4
French	70	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-official languages	5,400	2,365	3,040	36.5	34.0	38.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,400	2,365	3,040	36.5	34.0	38.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	105	75	1.2	1.5	1.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	175	100	75	1.2	1.4	1.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	115	65	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tulu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,005	470	535	6.8	6.7	6.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	150	70	80	1.0	1.0	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	150	70	80	1.0	1.0	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
German	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	435	190	240	2.9	2.7	3.1
Indo-Aryan languages	130	60	75	0.9	0.9	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	300	130	170	2.0	1.9	2.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	300	130	170	2.0	1.9	2.2
Dari	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	280	125	155	1.9	1.8	2.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	165	175	2.3	2.4	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	60	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	245	120	125	1.7	1.7	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	145	70	75	1.0	1.0	1.0
Korean	545	240	300	3.7	3.4	3.8
Mongolian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,350	1,400	1,950	22.7	20.1	25.0
Chinese languages	3,350	1,400	1,950	22.7	20.1	25.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	2,985	1,250	1,735	20.2	17.9	22.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	315	130	190	2.1	1.9	2.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	50	25	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Uyghur	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,065	505	565	7.2	7.3	7.2
English and French	115	55	55	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	930	440	485	6.3	6.3	6.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,780	6,965	7,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,055	4,710	5,340	68.0	67.6	68.3
English	2,190	1,020	1,165	14.8	14.6	14.9
French	90	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	1,980	970	1,015	13.4	13.9	13.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	1,975	965	1,015	13.4	13.9	13.0
English and French	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	145	70	75	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	85	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	220	100	115	1.5	1.4	1.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,775	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	13,005	6,195	6,810	94.4	95.5	93.5
English	12,995	6,190	6,810	94.3	95.4	93.5
French	1,330	600	735	9.7	9.2	10.1
Non-official languages	9,955	4,640	5,315	72.3	71.5	73.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	9,945	4,640	5,305	72.2	71.5	72.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	465	240	220	3.4	3.7	3.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	460	240	220	3.3	3.7	3.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	375	200	175	2.7	3.1	2.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	85	45	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	230	80	145	1.7	1.2	2.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	75	20	50	0.5	0.3	0.7
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	30	65	0.7	0.5	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Creole languages	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	135	75	65	1.0	1.2	0.9
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tamil	60	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Telugu	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,820	1,450	1,375	20.5	22.3	18.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	445	255	190	3.2	3.9	2.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	440	255	180	3.2	3.9	2.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	35	20	0.5	0.5	0.3
Russian	305	165	135	2.2	2.5	1.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Serbian	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	50	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	470	280	190	3.4	4.3	2.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	385	230	150	2.8	3.5	2.1
German	375	230	150	2.7	3.5	2.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	60	30	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Swedish	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,060	535	525	7.7	8.2	7.2
Indo-Aryan languages	570	300	265	4.1	4.6	3.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	50	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Gujarati	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Hindi	310	155	150	2.3	2.4	2.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	45	65	0.8	0.7	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Urdu	110	70	35	0.8	1.1	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	490	240	255	3.6	3.7	3.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	465	230	235	3.4	3.5	3.2
Dari	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian Persian	445	215	225	3.2	3.3	3.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,055	485	565	7.7	7.5	7.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	155	70	85	1.1	1.1	1.2
Portuguese	195	70	125	1.4	1.1	1.7
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	815	385	430	5.9	5.9	5.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	360	170	185	2.6	2.6	2.5
Korean	885	420	465	6.4	6.5	6.4
Mongolian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Niger-Congo languages	75	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,245	2,310	2,930	38.1	35.6	40.2
Chinese languages	5,220	2,295	2,930	37.9	35.4	40.2
Hakka	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mandarin	4,805	2,090	2,715	34.9	32.2	37.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	125	45	85	0.9	0.7	1.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	790	355	435	5.7	5.5	6.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	30	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	75	30	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	140	65	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	135	70	65	1.0	1.1	0.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	130	65	65	0.9	1.0	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	50	50	0.7	0.8	0.7
Métis	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,635	6,420	7,215	99.0	98.9	99.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	75	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,695	6,450	7,245	99.5	99.4	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,605	...	...	42.4	...	...
Renter	3,530	...	...	57.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	4,420	...	...	72.0	...	...
Not condominium	1,720	...	...	28.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	160	...	...	2.6	...	...
1 bedroom	1,430	...	...	23.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,090	...	...	50.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,225	...	...	20.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	230	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,495	...	...	73.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,005	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	380	...	...	6.2	...	...
7 rooms	155	...	...	2.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	100	...	...	1.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,780	...	...	94.1	...	...
More than one person per room	360	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,440	...	...	88.6	...	...
Not suitable	695	...	...	11.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	205	...	...	3.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	965	...	...	15.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	500	...	...	8.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,295	...	...	21.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,245	...	...	20.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,715	...	...	27.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,040	...	...	98.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	95	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,655	...	...	59.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,290	...	...	37.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	195	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,190	...	...	19.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,075	...	...	17.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,165	...	...	19.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,170	...	...	19.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	675	...	...	11.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	395	...	...	6.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	275	...	...	4.5	...	...
85 years and over	195	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,050	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,730	...	...	45.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,320	...	...	54.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,690	...	...	27.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,715	...	...	60.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,935	...	...	47.8	...	...
Not suitable only	330	...	...	5.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	60	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	360	...	...	5.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,420	...	...	39.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	830	...	...	18.8	...	...
Not in core need	3,590	...	...	81.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,605	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.8	...	...	51.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	46.1	...	...	46.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.2	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,900	...	...	1,900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,326	...	...	2,326	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,100,000	...	...	1,100,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,266,000	...	...	1,266,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,535	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	17.0	...	...	17.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	61.3	...	...	61.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.3	...	...	20.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...	2,120	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,306	...	...	2,306	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	145	70	75	1.1	1.1	1.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	145	70	75	1.1	1.1	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	105	45	55	0.8	0.7	0.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,565	6,385	7,175	98.5	98.4	98.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,645	4,085	4,560	62.8	62.9	62.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,115	1,125	990	15.4	17.3	13.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,530	2,955	3,575	47.4	45.5	49.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	5,125	2,410	2,720	37.2	37.1	37.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,770	2,345	2,425	34.6	36.1	33.3
Immigrants⁸¹	6,410	2,905	3,510	46.6	44.8	48.2
Before 1980	325	175	150	2.4	2.7	2.1
1980 to 1990	255	140	120	1.9	2.2	1.6
1991 to 2000	885	420	465	6.4	6.5	6.4
2001 to 2010	2,070	880	1,190	15.0	13.6	16.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,875	1,295	1,585	20.9	20.0	21.8
2011 to 2015	1,350	585	765	9.8	9.0	10.5
2016 to 2021	1,530	710	825	11.1	10.9	11.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	2,590	1,245	1,345	18.8	19.2	18.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	6,415	2,905	3,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	600	330	270	9.4	11.4	7.7
5 to 14 years	1,215	590	630	18.9	20.3	18.0
15 to 24 years	700	325	370	10.9	11.2	10.6
25 to 44 years	3,195	1,355	1,840	49.8	46.6	52.5
45 years and over	710	305	405	11.1	10.5	11.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	6,415	2,905	3,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	520	250	270	8.1	8.6	7.7
Brazil	35	25	15	0.5	0.9	0.4
Colombia	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	40	15	25	0.6	0.5	0.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	350	170	180	5.5	5.9	5.1
Other places of birth in Americas	60	30	35	0.9	1.0	1.0
Europe	755	435	320	11.8	15.0	9.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
France	35	25	10	0.5	0.9	0.3
Germany	75	50	25	1.2	1.7	0.7
Greece	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hungary	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Italy	35	30	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Poland	45	30	10	0.7	1.0	0.3
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Russian Federation	125	65	65	1.9	2.2	1.9
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	50	20	25	0.8	0.7	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	225	130	90	3.5	4.5	2.6
Other places of birth in Europe	110	50	60	1.7	1.7	1.7
Africa	105	55	50	1.6	1.9	1.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	40	15	30	0.6	0.5	0.9
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	30	10	0.5	1.0	0.3
Asia	4,960	2,130	2,830	77.3	73.3	80.7
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	315	155	155	4.9	5.3	4.4
Iraq	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	40	15	25	0.6	0.5	0.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	2,810	1,175	1,635	43.8	40.4	46.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	300	150	150	4.7	5.2	4.3
Korea, South⁹²	490	210	280	7.6	7.2	8.0
Taiwan	235	75	160	3.7	2.6	4.6
Philippines	65	30	35	1.0	1.0	1.0
Viet Nam	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.7
Bangladesh	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
India	175	95	80	2.7	3.3	2.3
Pakistan	40	15	25	0.6	0.5	0.7
Sri Lanka	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Other places of birth in Asia	350	155	200	5.5	5.3	5.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	70	25	40	1.1	0.9	1.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,530	710	820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	180	85	95	11.8	12.0	11.6
Brazil	30	20	10	2.0	2.8	1.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	125	60	65	8.2	8.5	7.9
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	1.3	1.4	1.2
Europe	230	125	100	15.0	17.6	12.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Italy	15	15	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Russian Federation	50	15	30	3.3	2.1	3.7
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	35	25	3.6	4.9	3.0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	30	4.2	4.2	3.7
Africa	75	30	40	4.9	4.2	4.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	40	15	30	2.6	2.1	3.7
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	1.3	1.4	1.2
Asia	1,015	445	565	66.3	62.7	68.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	600	265	340	39.2	37.3	41.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	25	3.6	4.2	3.0
Iran⁸⁸	55	25	30	3.6	3.5	3.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	30	10	20	2.0	1.4	2.4
Japan	15	15	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	110	50	55	7.2	7.0	6.7
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	40	10	25	2.6	1.4	3.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	15	50	4.2	2.1	6.1
Oceania and other⁹³	40	20	20	2.6	2.8	2.4
Australia	40	20	20	2.6	2.8	2.4
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	9,415	4,390	5,025	68.4	67.6	69.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,675	1,380	1,295	19.4	21.3	17.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,685	720	965	12.2	11.1	13.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	6,085	2,725	3,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	5,115	2,340	2,770	84.1	85.9	82.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,830	1,040	790	30.1	38.2	23.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	3,280	1,300	1,980	53.9	47.7	59.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	810	300	505	13.3	11.0	15.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	140	70	70	2.3	2.6	2.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	6,085	2,725	3,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	55	15	35	0.9	0.6	1.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	695	360	335	11.4	13.2	10.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	530	245	285	8.7	9.0	8.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	535	270	260	8.8	9.9	7.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,265	1,830	2,440	70.1	67.2	72.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	9,410	4,315	5,090	68.3	66.5	69.9
South Asian	755	395	365	5.5	6.1	5.0
Chinese	5,455	2,420	3,035	39.6	37.3	41.7
Black	190	70	115	1.4	1.1	1.6
Filipino	130	50	80	0.9	0.8	1.1
Arab	310	170	140	2.3	2.6	1.9
Latin American	320	165	160	2.3	2.5	2.2
Southeast Asian	240	95	145	1.7	1.5	2.0
West Asian	440	220	220	3.2	3.4	3.0
Korean	885	435	455	6.4	6.7	6.3
Japanese	280	120	165	2.0	1.8	2.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	120	50	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Multiple visible minorities	280	135	145	2.0	2.1	2.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,365	2,175	2,190	31.7	33.5	30.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	540	255	290	3.9	3.9	4.0
English	1,185	555	635	8.6	8.6	8.7
Irish	965	400	570	7.0	6.2	7.8
Scottish	1,005	465	540	7.3	7.2	7.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	440	210	225	3.2	3.2	3.1
German	815	430	380	5.9	6.6	5.2
Chinese	4,905	2,190	2,710	35.6	33.7	37.2
Italian	260	130	130	1.9	2.0	1.8
Indian (India)	490	255	235	3.6	3.9	3.2
Ukrainian	300	135	160	2.2	2.1	2.2
Dutch	195	85	110	1.4	1.3	1.5
Polish	265	120	140	1.9	1.8	1.9
Québécois	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	320	130	190	2.3	2.0	2.6
Filipino	170	55	115	1.2	0.8	1.6
French Canadian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	180	95	85	1.3	1.5	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Métis	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	85	55	1.0	1.3	0.8
Russian	305	145	160	2.2	2.2	2.2
Norwegian	135	65	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
Welsh	125	65	60	0.9	1.0	0.8
Portuguese	130	65	60	0.9	1.0	0.8
American	170	80	90	1.2	1.2	1.2
Spanish	215	100	115	1.6	1.5	1.6
Swedish	105	45	60	0.8	0.7	0.8
Hungarian	110	60	50	0.8	0.9	0.7
Acadian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pakistani	95	55	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Jewish	290	135	155	2.1	2.1	2.1
Punjabi	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	75	30	50	0.5	0.5	0.7
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	140	75	65	1.0	1.2	0.9
Greek	65	45	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	490	225	260	3.6	3.5	3.6
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	780	385	395	5.7	5.9	5.4
Romanian	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Lebanese	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Iranian	315	160	160	2.3	2.5	2.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Danish	75	50	25	0.5	0.8	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Sikh	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austrian	100	65	35	0.7	1.0	0.5
Belgian	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Mexican	120	65	60	0.9	1.0	0.8
Mennonite	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Swiss	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finnish	60	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Sri Lankan	60	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Croatian	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	280	120	160	2.0	1.8	2.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	65	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	75	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Egyptian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	60	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombian	90	60	25	0.7	0.9	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	85	50	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Serbian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	135	70	65	1.0	1.1	0.9
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	160	75	85	1.2	1.2	1.2
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	75	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	115	55	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Nigerian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	45	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	270	100	170	2.0	1.5	2.3
Iraqi	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	140	55	90	1.0	0.8	1.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	100	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
South African	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Australian	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	50	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	85	25	60	0.6	0.4	0.8
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Estonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kurdish	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Fijian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	80	25	50	0.6	0.4	0.7
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	65	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,770	6,490	7,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	550	265	290	4.0	4.1	4.0
Christian	3,100	1,275	1,825	22.5	19.6	25.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	790	325	465	5.7	5.0	6.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	230	80	145	1.7	1.2	2.0
Baptist	115	60	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
Catholic	1,135	465	670	8.2	7.2	9.2
Christian Orthodox	140	70	70	1.0	1.1	1.0
Jehovah's Witness	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	30	55	0.6	0.5	0.8
Presbyterian	160	65	90	1.2	1.0	1.2
Reformed	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Church	160	60	100	1.2	0.9	1.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	160	55	100	1.2	0.8	1.4
Hindu	280	145	135	2.0	2.2	1.9
Jewish	175	85	90	1.3	1.3	1.2
Muslim	940	475	465	6.8	7.3	6.4
Sikh	90	35	50	0.7	0.5	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	135	70	70	1.0	1.1	1.0
No religion and secular perspectives	8,475	4,140	4,340	61.5	63.8	59.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,650	6,420	7,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,050	4,210	4,840	66.3	65.6	67.0
Movers	4,600	2,210	2,390	33.7	34.4	33.1
Non-migrants	2,475	1,100	1,370	18.1	17.1	19.0
Migrants	2,130	1,110	1,020	15.6	17.3	14.1
Internal migrants	1,010	540	470	7.4	8.4	6.5
Intraprovincial migrants	570	295	275	4.2	4.6	3.8
Interprovincial migrants	440	245	195	3.2	3.8	2.7
External migrants	1,120	570	550	8.2	8.9	7.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,040	6,080	6,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,960	1,785	2,180	30.4	29.4	31.3
Movers	9,075	4,295	4,780	69.6	70.6	68.7
Non-migrants	1,800	830	970	13.8	13.7	13.9
Migrants	7,280	3,470	3,815	55.8	57.1	54.8
Internal migrants	3,890	1,845	2,045	29.8	30.3	29.4
Intraprovincial migrants	2,980	1,400	1,580	22.9	23.0	22.7
Interprovincial migrants	915	450	470	7.0	7.4	6.8
External migrants	3,385	1,620	1,765	26.0	26.6	25.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,345	5,195	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	575	315	255	5.1	6.1	4.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,775	4,880	5,900	95.0	93.9	95.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,995	3,105	3,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	55	45	15	0.8	1.4	0.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,935	3,060	3,870	99.1	98.6	99.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,350	5,190	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	540	295	240	4.8	5.7	3.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,645	1,250	1,395	23.3	24.1	22.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,165	3,650	4,515	71.9	70.3	73.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,065	395	670	9.4	7.6	10.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	75	80	1.3	1.4	1.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	45	40	0.7	0.9	0.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	65	20	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	625	215	410	5.5	4.1	6.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	110	185	2.6	2.1	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,095	3,255	3,840	62.5	62.7	62.4
Bachelor's degree	3,210	1,270	1,940	28.3	24.5	31.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	285	105	180	2.5	2.0	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	200	105	95	1.8	2.0	1.5
Master's degree	2,110	975	1,135	18.6	18.8	18.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,295	800	490	11.4	15.4	8.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,995	3,105	3,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	15	0.6	0.8	0.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	525	210	310	7.5	6.8	8.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,430	2,865	3,560	91.9	92.3	91.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	740	275	470	10.6	8.9	12.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	55	40	1.3	1.8	1.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	35	25	0.9	1.1	0.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	410	135	275	5.9	4.3	7.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	85	155	3.4	2.7	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,685	2,590	3,095	81.3	83.4	79.5
Bachelor's degree	2,305	925	1,385	33.0	29.8	35.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	75	145	3.1	2.4	3.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	70	75	2.1	2.3	1.9
Master's degree	1,855	815	1,035	26.5	26.2	26.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,165	705	460	16.7	22.7	11.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,350	5,195	6,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,185	1,545	1,640	28.1	29.7	26.7
Education	440	105	330	3.9	2.0	5.4
13. Education	440	105	330	3.9	2.0	5.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	95	235	2.9	1.8	3.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	330	95	235	2.9	1.8	3.8
Humanities	665	230	435	5.9	4.4	7.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	150	45	105	1.3	0.9	1.7
23. English language and literature/letters	195	50	150	1.7	1.0	2.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	20	85	0.9	0.4	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
54. History	75	40	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,335	425	910	11.8	8.2	14.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	20	85	0.9	0.4	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	10	75	0.7	0.2	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	155	55	100	1.4	1.1	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	0	40	0.4	0.0	0.7
42. Psychology	285	50	235	2.5	1.0	3.8
45. Social sciences	610	275	340	5.4	5.3	5.5
Business, management and public administration	1,285	550	735	11.3	10.6	12.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,245	550	700	11.0	10.6	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	985	480	505	8.7	9.2	8.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	530	220	310	4.7	4.2	5.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	50	60	1.0	1.0	1.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	325	205	115	2.9	3.9	1.9
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	700	425	275	6.2	8.2	4.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	450	290	155	4.0	5.6	2.5
25. Library science	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	185	110	80	1.6	2.1	1.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,290	850	440	11.4	16.4	7.2
04. Architecture and related services	135	75	65	1.2	1.4	1.1
14. Engineering	1,000	655	345	8.8	12.6	5.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	75	20	0.8	1.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
48. Precision production	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	100	100	1.8	1.9	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90	45	50	0.8	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	60	50	1.0	1.2	0.8
Health and related fields	865	340	520	7.6	6.5	8.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	55	45	0.8	1.1	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	690	255	440	6.1	4.9	7.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	70	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,995	3,105	3,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	565	235	325	8.1	7.6	8.4
Education	280	60	220	4.0	1.9	5.7
13. Education	280	60	220	4.0	1.9	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	85	185	3.9	2.7	4.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	270	80	185	3.9	2.6	4.8
Humanities	545	215	330	7.8	6.9	8.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	45	90	1.9	1.4	2.3
23. English language and literature/letters	170	45	125	2.4	1.4	3.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	20	50	1.0	0.6	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
54. History	50	40	10	0.7	1.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,045	340	710	14.9	11.0	18.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.8
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	15	80	1.4	0.5	2.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	10	40	0.7	0.3	1.0
22. Legal professions and studies	125	30	90	1.8	1.0	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	30	0.5	0.0	0.8
42. Psychology	210	40	170	3.0	1.3	4.4
45. Social sciences	495	220	265	7.1	7.1	6.8
Business, management and public administration	1,035	410	625	14.8	13.2	16.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,010	410	600	14.4	13.2	15.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	755	375	385	10.8	12.1	9.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	405	185	220	5.8	6.0	5.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	35	55	1.3	1.1	1.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	260	155	105	3.7	5.0	2.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	575	340	235	8.2	11.0	6.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	385	245	140	5.5	7.9	3.6
25. Library science	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	70	60	1.9	2.3	1.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,040	655	385	14.9	21.1	9.9
04. Architecture and related services	120	65	55	1.7	2.1	1.4
14. Engineering	805	500	305	11.5	16.1	7.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	60	10	1.1	1.9	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
48. Precision production	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	80	75	2.1	2.6	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	35	30	0.9	1.1	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	45	45	1.3	1.4	1.2
Health and related fields	675	280	395	9.6	9.0	10.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	40	25	0.9	1.3	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	550	220	335	7.9	7.1	8.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	20	30	0.7	0.6	0.8
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	35	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	15	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,995	3,105	3,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	565	235	325	8.1	7.6	8.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,430	2,865	3,565	91.9	92.3	91.6
Location of study inside Canada	2,850	1,325	1,525	40.7	42.7	39.2
Same as province or territory of residence	2,055	960	1,090	29.4	30.9	28.0
Different than province or territory of residence	795	360	435	11.4	11.6	11.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	3,580	1,540	2,035	51.2	49.6	52.3
Americas	790	435	355	11.3	14.0	9.1
United States of America	645	360	285	9.2	11.6	7.3
Mexico	50	25	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	60	35	25	0.9	1.1	0.6
Colombia	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Europe	555	310	245	7.9	10.0	6.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	30	10	0.5	1.0	0.3
Germany	35	25	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Netherlands	30	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Switzerland	25	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.3
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	55	15	40	0.8	0.5	1.0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	175	110	65	2.5	3.5	1.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	100	60	40	1.4	1.9	1.0
Africa	50	15	30	0.7	0.5	0.8
Nigeria	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Asia	2,160	770	1,390	30.9	24.8	35.7
Iran⁸⁸	130	40	85	1.9	1.3	2.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	35	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Turkey	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
China⁹⁰	1,275	455	830	18.2	14.7	21.3
Taiwan	65	20	45	0.9	0.6	1.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	55	25	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
Japan	95	35	60	1.4	1.1	1.5
Korea, South⁹²	230	60	170	3.3	1.9	4.4
Philippines	50	20	30	0.7	0.6	0.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	90	40	45	1.3	1.3	1.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	50	15	35	0.7	0.5	0.9
Oceania	25	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.4
Australia	25	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,350	5,190	6,155	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,670	3,255	3,420	...	...	...
Employed	5,810	2,880	2,930	...	...	...
Unemployed	860	375	485	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,675	1,940	2,735	...	...	...
Participation rate	58.8	62.7	55.6	58.8	62.7	55.6
Employment rate	51.2	55.5	47.6	51.2	55.5	47.6
Unemployment rate	12.9	11.5	14.2	12.9	11.5	14.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,350	5,195	6,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,855	2,070	2,780	42.8	39.8	45.2
Worked	6,495	3,125	3,370	57.2	60.2	54.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,155	1,745	1,415	27.8	33.6	23.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,335	1,380	1,960	29.4	26.6	31.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	40.9	36.9	38.9	40.9	36.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,670	3,250	3,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	335	160	175	5.0	4.9	5.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,330	3,090	3,240	94.9	95.1	94.9
Employee	5,320	2,545	2,775	79.8	78.3	81.3
Permanent position	3,285	1,620	1,670	49.3	49.8	48.9
Temporary position	2,035	930	1,110	30.5	28.6	32.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,050	540	515	15.7	16.6	15.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	990	395	595	14.8	12.2	17.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,010	545	465	15.1	16.8	13.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,670	3,250	3,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	335	160	175	5.0	4.9	5.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,330	3,090	3,240	94.9	95.1	94.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85	60	30	1.3	1.8	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,175	415	765	17.6	12.8	22.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,010	665	345	15.1	20.5	10.1
3 Health occupations	340	175	165	5.1	5.4	4.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,100	975	1,120	31.5	30.0	32.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	320	125	190	4.8	3.8	5.6
6 Sales and service occupations	1,000	450	550	15.0	13.8	16.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	255	200	60	3.8	6.2	1.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,670	3,250	3,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	335	160	175	5.0	4.9	5.1
All industries¹⁹¹	6,330	3,090	3,240	94.9	95.1	94.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
23 Construction	100	70	25	1.5	2.2	0.7
31-33 Manufacturing	155	75	75	2.3	2.3	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	130	85	40	1.9	2.6	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	450	215	240	6.7	6.6	7.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100	70	30	1.5	2.2	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	200	135	70	3.0	4.2	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	300	160	135	4.5	4.9	4.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	180	105	75	2.7	3.2	2.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	940	540	395	14.1	16.6	11.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	30	55	1.3	0.9	1.6
61 Educational services	2,355	1,070	1,280	35.3	32.9	37.5
62 Health care and social assistance	420	130	290	6.3	4.0	8.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	70	55	2.0	2.2	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	330	145	190	4.9	4.5	5.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	185	55	135	2.8	1.7	4.0
91 Public administration	180	80	105	2.7	2.5	3.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,175	3,460	3,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,880	2,870	3,015	82.0	82.9	81.0
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	350	175	170	4.9	5.1	4.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	350	175	170	4.9	5.1	4.6
English and French	85	45	45	1.2	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	805	355	450	11.2	10.3	12.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,175	3,460	3,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,985	3,380	3,600	97.4	97.7	96.8
Official languages	6,375	3,105	3,270	88.9	89.7	87.9
English	6,350	3,100	3,250	88.5	89.6	87.4
French	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Non-official languages	605	275	330	8.4	7.9	8.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	605	275	330	8.4	7.9	8.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Korean	40	30	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	500	230	275	7.0	6.6	7.4
Chinese languages	500	230	275	7.0	6.6	7.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	470	225	250	6.6	6.5	6.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.8
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	190	75	120	2.6	2.2	3.2
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	175	65	115	2.4	1.9	3.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,175	3,460	3,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,415	3,105	3,315	89.4	89.7	89.1
English	265	120	145	3.7	3.5	3.9
French	60	35	25	0.8	1.0	0.7
Non-official language	370	180	190	5.2	5.2	5.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	370	180	185	5.2	5.2	5.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,810	2,880	2,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,975	1,395	1,580	51.2	48.4	53.8
Worked outside Canada	125	90	35	2.2	3.1	1.2
No fixed workplace address	245	185	60	4.2	6.4	2.0
Usual place of work	2,465	1,210	1,255	42.4	42.0	42.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,465	1,210	1,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,080	565	515	43.8	46.7	41.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,355	630	725	55.0	52.1	57.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.2
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,710	1,395	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,220	620	600	45.0	44.4	45.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,080	570	510	39.9	40.9	38.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	140	45	90	5.2	3.2	6.8
Public transit	475	215	260	17.5	15.4	19.8
Walked	690	325	365	25.5	23.3	27.8
Bicycle	250	200	50	9.2	14.3	3.8
Other method	75	45	35	2.8	3.2	2.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,710	1,395	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	655	340	315	24.2	24.4	24.0
15 to 29 minutes	985	500	490	36.3	35.8	37.3
30 to 44 minutes	625	315	315	23.1	22.6	24.0
45 to 59 minutes	230	110	120	8.5	7.9	9.1
60 minutes and over	215	130	80	7.9	9.3	6.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,710	1,395	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	25	25	1.8	1.8	1.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	190	115	80	7.0	8.2	6.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	405	205	200	14.9	14.7	15.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	945	530	415	34.9	38.0	31.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	790	355	435	29.2	25.4	33.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	330	165	165	12.2	11.8	12.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,825	1,455	1,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	140	70	70	5.0	4.8	5.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,690	1,385	1,300	95.2	95.2	94.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,075	1,060	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	50	50	4.8	4.7	4.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	30	35	2.9	2.8	3.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	20	15	1.7	1.9	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,975	1,010	965	95.2	95.3	95.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table