Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	CollingwoodMore information: Ontario [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	24,811	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,793	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,216	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,174	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	748.3	...	...	748.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	33.15	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	24,810	11,695	13,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,300	1,695	1,605	13.3	14.5	12.2
0 to 4 years	970	495	475	3.9	4.2	3.6
5 to 9 years	1,120	555	560	4.5	4.7	4.3
10 to 14 years	1,205	640	565	4.9	5.5	4.3
15 to 64 years	14,080	6,745	7,330	56.8	57.7	55.9
15 to 19 years	1,165	590	570	4.7	5.0	4.3
20 to 24 years	1,060	570	490	4.3	4.9	3.7
25 to 29 years	1,260	630	625	5.1	5.4	4.8
30 to 34 years	1,350	690	660	5.4	5.9	5.0
35 to 39 years	1,325	645	680	5.3	5.5	5.2
40 to 44 years	1,315	625	690	5.3	5.3	5.3
45 to 49 years	1,420	695	720	5.7	5.9	5.5
50 to 54 years	1,350	635	715	5.4	5.4	5.5
55 to 59 years	1,740	735	1,005	7.0	6.3	7.7
60 to 64 years	2,095	925	1,170	8.4	7.9	8.9
65 years and over	7,435	3,260	4,175	30.0	27.9	31.8
65 to 69 years	2,085	935	1,150	8.4	8.0	8.8
70 to 74 years	1,930	885	1,045	7.8	7.6	8.0
75 to 79 years	1,395	635	760	5.6	5.4	5.8
80 to 84 years	950	420	530	3.8	3.6	4.0
85 years and over	1,080	390	685	4.4	3.3	5.2
85 to 89 years	605	225	380	2.4	1.9	2.9
90 to 94 years	375	140	235	1.5	1.2	1.8
95 to 99 years	85	20	65	0.3	0.2	0.5
100 years and over	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.5	12.2	13.3	14.5	12.2
15 to 64 years	56.8	57.7	55.9	56.8	57.7	55.9
65 years and over	30.0	27.9	31.8	30.0	27.9	31.8
85 years and over	4.4	3.3	5.2	4.4	3.3	5.2
Average age of the population	47.9	46.1	49.4	47.9	46.1	49.4
Median age of the population	50.8	48.0	53.6	50.8	48.0	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,300	...	...	56.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	750	...	...	6.7	...	...
Row house	1,385	...	...	12.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	250	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,010	...	...	18.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	450	...	...	4.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,810	...	...	34.1	...	...
2 persons	4,190	...	...	37.5	...	...
3 persons	1,425	...	...	12.8	...	...
4 persons	1,195	...	...	10.7	...	...
5 or more persons	555	...	...	5.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,270	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,515	10,005	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,275	6,125	6,145	57.1	61.2	53.4
Married	9,865	4,930	4,940	45.9	49.3	42.9
Living common-law	2,410	1,200	1,205	11.2	12.0	10.5
Living common law - Never married	1,545	770	775	7.2	7.7	6.7
Living common law - Separated	155	80	75	0.7	0.8	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	620	315	305	2.9	3.1	2.7
Living common law - Widowed	90	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	9,235	3,880	5,360	42.9	38.8	46.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,930	2,610	2,320	22.9	26.1	20.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	780	315	470	3.6	3.1	4.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,765	580	1,180	8.2	5.8	10.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,760	370	1,395	8.2	3.7	12.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,285	...	...	60.1	...	...
3 persons	1,345	...	...	18.9	...	...
4 persons	1,110	...	...	15.6	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,000	...	...	84.1	...	...
Married couples	4,800	...	...	67.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,950	...	...	27.3	...	...
Without children	2,850	...	...	39.9	...	...
Common-law couples	1,205	...	...	16.9	...	...
With children⁶	430	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	775	...	...	10.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,130	...	...	15.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	890	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	240	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	24,270	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	19,125	9,445	9,685	78.8	82.1	75.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,005	6,000	6,010	49.5	52.2	47.0
Parents in one-parent families	1,130	240	890	4.7	2.1	7.0
Children⁶	5,985	3,205	2,785	24.7	27.9	21.8
In a two-parent family	4,230	2,230	2,000	17.4	19.4	15.7
In a one-parent family	1,760	975	785	7.3	8.5	6.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,150	2,060	3,090	21.2	17.9	24.2
Living alone	3,810	1,380	2,435	15.7	12.0	19.1
Living with other relatives⁷	455	210	245	1.9	1.8	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	880	470	415	3.6	4.1	3.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,475	...	...	57.9	...	...
Couple-family households	5,575	...	...	49.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,195	...	...	19.6	...	...
Without children	3,380	...	...	30.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	900	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	205	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	275	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	370	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	3,810	...	...	34.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,570	9,575	11,000	98.0	97.6	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	46,400	38,800	42,000	46,400	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,595	9,585	11,010	98.2	97.7	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	35,200	37,600	41,200	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,855	8,845	10,000	89.9	90.2	89.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	40,000	28,000	33,200	40,000	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,800	6,860	6,950	65.8	69.9	62.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	34,800	25,600	29,800	34,800	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,825	8,625	10,200	89.7	87.9	91.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,300	10,600	13,300	12,300	10,600	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,585	710	880	7.6	7.2	7.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,000	5,480	5,240	5,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,915	2,760	3,160	28.2	28.1	28.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,570	9,560	11,010	98.0	97.5	98.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,900	74,400	49,240	60,900	74,400	49,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,600	9,580	11,020	98.2	97.7	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,960	57,300	41,720	48,960	57,300	41,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,920	8,880	10,040	90.2	90.5	89.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,950	69,300	40,400	53,950	69,300	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,805	6,835	6,970	65.8	69.7	62.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,560	54,200	37,080	45,560	54,200	37,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,800	8,630	10,170	89.6	88.0	91.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,350	11,100	13,420	12,350	11,100	13,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,680	730	940	8.0	7.4	8.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,935	5,340	6,390	5,935	5,340	6,390
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,000	2,825	3,175	28.6	28.8	28.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,860	9,650	9,280	8,860	9,650
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,585	3,090	2,500	26.6	31.5	22.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	65,000	55,600	60,400	65,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,100	83,800	66,500	76,100	83,800	66,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,075	2,660	3,420	29.0	27.1	30.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,400	18,200	15,600	16,400	18,200	15,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,080	33,640	21,980	27,080	33,640	21,980
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.4	86.6	74.8	81.4	86.6	74.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	50.2	52.1	47.7	50.2	52.1	47.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.5	13.5	25.2	18.5	13.5	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.1	0.8	0.6	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.9	6.6	5.0	3.9	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	3.5	5.7	4.4	3.5	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	410	240	170	2.0	2.4	1.5
With total income	20,570	9,570	10,995	98.0	97.6	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,270	540	730	6.2	5.6	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,325	965	1,360	11.3	10.1	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,350	1,415	1,935	16.3	14.8	17.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,845	1,215	1,635	13.8	12.7	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,415	1,020	1,395	11.7	10.7	12.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,885	845	1,040	9.2	8.8	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,475	690	790	7.2	7.2	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,160	620	545	5.6	6.5	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	815	435	380	4.0	4.5	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	650	365	285	3.2	3.8	2.6
$100,000 and over	2,385	1,470	915	11.6	15.4	8.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,440	830	610	7.0	8.7	5.5
$150,000 and over	945	640	305	4.6	6.7	2.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	385	220	160	1.8	2.2	1.4
With after-tax income	20,595	9,590	11,010	98.2	97.8	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,440	600	845	7.0	6.3	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,490	1,025	1,465	12.1	10.7	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,775	1,605	2,170	18.3	16.7	19.7
$30,000 to $39,999	3,305	1,430	1,875	16.0	14.9	17.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,710	1,185	1,520	13.2	12.4	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,995	925	1,070	9.7	9.6	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,390	720	670	6.7	7.5	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	955	535	425	4.6	5.6	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	735	395	335	3.6	4.1	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	450	270	175	2.2	2.8	1.6
$100,000 and over	1,345	885	465	6.5	9.2	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	590	365	230	2.9	3.8	2.1
$125,000 and over	750	520	230	3.6	5.4	2.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,180	2,955	4,220	34.2	30.1	37.8
With employment income	13,805	6,855	6,945	65.8	69.9	62.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,470	1,140	1,330	17.9	16.6	19.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,245	560	685	9.0	8.2	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,805	815	995	13.1	11.9	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,420	635	790	10.3	9.3	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,280	595	690	9.3	8.7	9.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,100	535	565	8.0	7.8	8.1
$50,000 to $59,999	900	445	460	6.5	6.5	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	695	360	330	5.0	5.3	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	565	315	245	4.1	4.6	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	440	250	190	3.2	3.6	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	410	205	205	3.0	3.0	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,465	1,000	470	10.6	14.6	6.8
$100,000 to $124,999	605	375	225	4.4	5.5	3.2
$125,000 and over	865	625	240	6.3	9.1	3.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,295	9,430	10,865	96.7	96.1	97.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	45,200	36,000	39,600	45,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,305	9,430	10,875	96.8	96.1	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	32,800	35,600	39,600	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,710	8,745	9,965	89.2	89.1	89.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,000	30,000	35,200	42,000	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,930	6,900	7,035	66.4	70.3	63.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,200	28,400	32,400	37,200	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,805	8,135	9,670	84.9	82.9	86.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,250	2,860	8,900	7,250	2,860	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,130	460	670	5.4	4.7	6.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,160	4,880	5,280	5,160	4,880	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,330	9,425	10,905	96.9	96.1	97.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,700	65,900	46,920	55,700	65,900	46,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,335	9,425	10,910	96.9	96.1	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,400	52,300	39,480	45,400	52,300	39,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,750	8,770	9,985	89.4	89.4	89.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,900	63,450	41,760	51,900	63,450	41,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,010	6,900	7,105	66.8	70.3	63.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,520	56,200	39,120	47,520	56,200	39,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,725	8,100	9,630	84.5	82.6	86.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,980	7,960	9,840	8,980	7,960	9,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,145	475	675	5.5	4.8	6.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,880	6,760	6,940	6,880	6,760	6,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,520	3,040	2,480	26.3	31.0	22.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	63,200	50,400	56,000	63,200	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,900	82,800	63,100	73,900	82,800	63,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,795	2,515	3,285	27.6	25.6	29.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	24,800	20,800	22,000	24,800	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,800	39,680	29,320	33,800	39,680	29,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.0	89.6	81.4	86.0	89.6	81.4
Employment income (%)	58.8	62.5	54.3	58.8	62.5	54.3
Government transfers (%)	14.0	10.4	18.5	14.0	10.4	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	43,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	38,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,300	...	...	90,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,960	...	...	46,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,370	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,600	...	...	112,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	420	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	450	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	395	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	435	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	425	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	460	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	810	...	...	7.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	805	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	765	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	745	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	630	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,355	...	...	39.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,310	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	945	...	...	8.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,045	...	...	9.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,050	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	255	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	445	...	...	4.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	510	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	475	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	495	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	540	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	490	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	960	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	935	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	905	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	835	...	...	7.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,410	...	...	30.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,335	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	810	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,265	...	...	11.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,440	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,405	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,695	1,850	2,845	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	41,200	40,400	40,800	41,200	40,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	37,200	36,800	36,800	37,200	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	141,400	...	...	141,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,410	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,600	...	...	115,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,100	...	...	127,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,600	...	...	80,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,200	...	...	70,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,720	1,825	2,895	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,500	54,850	52,650	53,500	54,850	52,650
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,840	44,640	44,960	44,840	44,640	44,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	24,275	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,005	2,065	1,945	16.5	18.0	15.2
0 to 5 years	1,180	600	580	4.9	5.2	4.5
18 to 64 years	13,260	6,315	6,945	54.6	54.9	54.4
65 years and over	7,000	3,120	3,880	28.8	27.1	30.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,395	1,055	1,340	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	420	240	180	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	65	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,310	580	720	...	...	...
65 years and over	670	235	435	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.9	9.2	10.5	9.9	9.2	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	11.5	9.4	10.5	11.5	9.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	11.2	9.6	10.4	11.2	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.2	10.4	9.9	9.2	10.4
65 years and over (%)	9.5	7.6	11.2	9.5	7.6	11.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,270	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,010	2,065	1,945	16.5	18.0	15.2
0 to 5 years	1,185	605	575	4.9	5.3	4.5
18 to 64 years	13,265	6,315	6,950	54.7	54.9	54.4
65 years and over	7,000	3,125	3,880	28.8	27.2	30.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	705	345	360	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	45	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	540	260	275	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	40	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.3	2.2	2.0	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.2	3.9	4.0	4.2	3.9
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	24,270	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,710	5,355	6,350	48.2	46.6	49.7
In bottom decile	2,055	940	1,115	8.5	8.2	8.7
In second decile	2,380	1,015	1,360	9.8	8.8	10.6
In third decile	2,505	1,130	1,380	10.3	9.8	10.8
In fourth decile	2,430	1,150	1,280	10.0	10.0	10.0
In fifth decile	2,335	1,125	1,215	9.6	9.8	9.5
In top half of the distribution	12,570	6,145	6,420	51.8	53.4	50.3
In sixth decile	2,490	1,180	1,305	10.3	10.3	10.2
In seventh decile	2,540	1,245	1,300	10.5	10.8	10.2
In eighth decile	2,330	1,105	1,220	9.6	9.6	9.5
In ninth decile	2,515	1,240	1,275	10.4	10.8	10.0
In top decile	2,695	1,370	1,325	11.1	11.9	10.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	24,270	...	...	24,270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.359	...	...	0.359	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.480	...	...	0.480	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.309	...	...	0.309	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	24,430	11,550	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	22,550	10,830	11,725	92.3	93.8	91.1
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,830	705	1,125	7.5	6.1	8.7
Neither English nor French	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	24,430	11,550	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	24,060	11,410	12,650	98.5	98.8	98.3
French	290	115	170	1.2	1.0	1.3
English and French	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	24,430	11,550	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,100	11,405	12,690	98.6	98.7	98.6
Official languages	22,245	10,545	11,700	91.1	91.3	90.9
English	21,945	10,430	11,515	89.8	90.3	89.4
French	300	120	185	1.2	1.0	1.4
Non-official languages	1,855	860	995	7.6	7.4	7.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,855	860	990	7.6	7.4	7.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,450	675	775	5.9	5.8	6.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	420	190	230	1.7	1.6	1.8
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	400	185	220	1.6	1.6	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	160	75	90	0.7	0.6	0.7
Russian	75	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	375	160	220	1.5	1.4	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	255	100	150	1.0	0.9	1.2
German	235	95	145	1.0	0.8	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	90	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	275	145	130	1.1	1.3	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	210	110	95	0.9	1.0	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	160	185	1.4	1.4	1.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	125	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
Portuguese	75	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Estonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Finnish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	330	145	185	1.4	1.3	1.4
English and French	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	205	100	105	0.8	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	24,430	11,550	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	22,620	10,755	11,865	92.6	93.1	92.2
French	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	245	105	140	1.0	0.9	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	245	105	140	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and French	315	125	190	1.3	1.1	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	1,145	530	615	4.7	4.6	4.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	24,430	11,550	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,155	11,425	12,735	98.9	98.9	98.9
Official languages	23,625	11,170	12,460	96.7	96.7	96.8
English	23,570	11,155	12,420	96.5	96.6	96.5
French	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-official languages	535	250	280	2.2	2.2	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	525	250	275	2.1	2.2	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	375	175	205	1.5	1.5	1.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	75	90	0.7	0.6	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	105	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	275	130	145	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	215	110	105	0.9	1.0	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	24,430	11,550	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,125	10,980	12,140	94.7	95.1	94.3
English	245	120	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
French	255	100	155	1.0	0.9	1.2
Non-official language	670	290	375	2.7	2.5	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	660	290	375	2.7	2.5	2.9
English and French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	24,275	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	24,220	11,490	12,735	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	24,220	11,490	12,735	99.8	99.9	99.7
French	1,850	705	1,155	7.6	6.1	9.0
Non-official languages	2,660	1,090	1,560	11.0	9.5	12.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,650	1,090	1,555	10.9	9.5	12.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	155	50	100	0.6	0.4	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	40	95	0.6	0.3	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,195	930	1,265	9.0	8.1	9.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	480	225	250	2.0	2.0	2.0
Baltic languages	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages	445	215	230	1.8	1.9	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	190	90	95	0.8	0.8	0.7
Russian	90	25	65	0.4	0.2	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bosnian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	40	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	630	250	380	2.6	2.2	3.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	430	170	250	1.8	1.5	2.0
German	420	170	250	1.7	1.5	2.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	195	90	110	0.8	0.8	0.9
Afrikaans	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	175	85	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Danish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	460	195	270	1.9	1.7	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	350	145	205	1.4	1.3	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	130	75	60	0.5	0.7	0.5
Hindi	150	65	85	0.6	0.6	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	20	60	0.4	0.2	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Urdu	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	110	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	60	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	705	295	410	2.9	2.6	3.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	240	115	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
Portuguese	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	395	140	250	1.6	1.2	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	105	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Thai	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	65	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Estonian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Finnish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,275	11,495	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	575	270	300	2.4	2.3	2.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	540	250	290	2.2	2.2	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	285	120	165	1.2	1.0	1.3
Métis	250	130	120	1.0	1.1	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	23,700	11,230	12,470	97.6	97.7	97.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,275	11,495	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	75	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	24,135	11,425	12,710	99.4	99.4	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,130	...	...	72.8	...	...
Renter	3,040	...	...	27.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,750	...	...	24.6	...	...
Not condominium	8,425	...	...	75.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,045	...	...	9.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,670	...	...	23.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,505	...	...	40.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,930	...	...	26.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,800	...	...	25.1	...	...
5 rooms	1,645	...	...	14.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,880	...	...	16.8	...	...
7 rooms	1,620	...	...	14.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,225	...	...	28.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,110	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,870	...	...	97.3	...	...
Not suitable	300	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,070	...	...	18.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,380	...	...	21.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,475	...	...	13.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	980	...	...	8.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	780	...	...	7.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,050	...	...	9.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	985	...	...	8.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,455	...	...	13.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,595	...	...	94.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	575	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,795	...	...	51.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,035	...	...	45.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	345	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	155	...	...	1.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,080	...	...	9.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,425	...	...	12.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,565	...	...	14.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,270	...	...	20.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,530	...	...	22.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,475	...	...	13.2	...	...
85 years and over	665	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,150	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,195	...	...	73.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,960	...	...	26.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,630	...	...	23.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,555	...	...	31.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,705	...	...	24.2	...	...
Not suitable only	235	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	335	...	...	3.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	215	...	...	1.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,620	...	...	68.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,825	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,335	...	...	12.3	...	...
Not in core need	9,490	...	...	87.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,125	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.2	...	...	51.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.5	...	...	18.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,484	...	...	1,484	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	778,000	...	...	778,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,045	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.6	...	...	13.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	47.9	...	...	47.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.8	...	...	26.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,534	...	...	1,534	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	24,270	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	170	80	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	155	75	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	100	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Métis single ancestry	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	710	345	365	2.9	3.0	2.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	690	345	345	2.8	3.0	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	530	275	255	2.2	2.4	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	65	85	0.6	0.6	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	23,390	11,075	12,315	96.4	96.3	96.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	24,275	11,500	12,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	23,595	11,175	12,420	97.2	97.2	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,905	2,010	1,895	16.1	17.5	14.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,690	9,170	10,520	81.1	79.7	82.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	675	320	360	2.8	2.8	2.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	24,275	11,500	12,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	20,950	10,015	10,935	86.3	87.1	85.6
Immigrants⁸¹	3,205	1,440	1,770	13.2	12.5	13.9
Before 1980	1,635	720	915	6.7	6.3	7.2
1980 to 1990	385	155	225	1.6	1.3	1.8
1991 to 2000	320	170	150	1.3	1.5	1.2
2001 to 2010	425	185	240	1.8	1.6	1.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	440	200	240	1.8	1.7	1.9
2011 to 2015	160	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
2016 to 2021	280	150	135	1.2	1.3	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	115	45	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,205	1,435	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	455	240	210	14.2	16.7	11.9
5 to 14 years	750	320	425	23.4	22.3	24.0
15 to 24 years	690	310	385	21.5	21.6	21.8
25 to 44 years	1,140	475	665	35.6	33.1	37.6
45 years and over	175	85	90	5.5	5.9	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,205	1,435	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	365	170	190	11.4	11.8	10.7
Brazil	25	0	25	0.8	0.0	1.4
Colombia	30	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.1
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	20	10	10	0.6	0.7	0.6
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	0	15	0.8	0.0	0.8
Mexico	20	15	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
United States of America	170	95	75	5.3	6.6	4.2
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	20	1.6	1.7	1.1
Europe	2,015	900	1,110	62.9	62.7	62.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	30	25	1.7	2.1	1.4
Croatia	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
France	35	0	30	1.1	0.0	1.7
Germany	165	60	105	5.1	4.2	5.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	30	10	20	0.9	0.7	1.1
Italy	105	70	35	3.3	4.9	2.0
Netherlands	115	55	60	3.6	3.8	3.4
Poland	125	50	80	3.9	3.5	4.5
Portugal	35	10	20	1.1	0.7	1.1
Romania	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Russian Federation	40	25	15	1.2	1.7	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0.9	0.7	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	995	470	525	31.0	32.8	29.7
Other places of birth in Europe	240	85	160	7.5	5.9	9.0
Africa	80	30	50	2.5	2.1	2.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	40	10	30	1.2	0.7	1.7
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	0.9	1.0	0.8
Asia	685	295	390	21.4	20.6	22.0
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0.6	0.7	0.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	10	10	0.6	0.7	0.6
Lebanon	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
Syria⁸⁹	45	25	20	1.4	1.7	1.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	70	30	35	2.2	2.1	2.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	15	10	0.8	1.0	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	20	15	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	145	50	100	4.5	3.5	5.6
Viet Nam	20	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.6
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
India	150	75	75	4.7	5.2	4.2
Pakistan	20	15	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	55	15	35	1.7	1.0	2.0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	10	50	2.0	0.7	2.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	60	40	25	1.9	2.8	1.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	280	145	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	30	30	19.6	20.7	22.2
Brazil	10	0	10	3.6	0.0	7.4
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	3.6	6.9	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	5.4	10.3	0.0
Europe	70	40	25	25.0	27.6	18.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	35	10	17.9	24.1	7.4
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	10	7.1	0.0	7.4
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	150	60	85	53.6	41.4	63.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	5.4	0.0	7.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	25	25	17.9	17.2	18.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	10	10	3.6	6.9	7.4
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	7.1	0.0	11.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	40	20	20	14.3	13.8	14.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	3.6	6.9	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	3.6	6.9	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	24,275	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,685	1,670	2,005	15.2	14.5	15.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,375	2,170	2,210	18.0	18.9	17.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,215	7,660	8,555	66.8	66.6	67.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,570	710	855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	790	340	455	50.3	47.9	53.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	320	135	185	20.4	19.0	21.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	470	210	260	29.9	29.6	30.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	530	250	280	33.8	35.2	32.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	250	125	125	15.9	17.6	14.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,570	710	855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	40	30	4.1	5.6	3.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	325	155	160	20.7	21.8	18.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	30	15	2.9	4.2	1.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	25	50	4.8	3.5	5.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15	1.0	0.0	1.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,040	455	585	66.2	64.1	68.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	24,275	11,495	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,670	730	930	6.9	6.4	7.3
South Asian	470	210	265	1.9	1.8	2.1
Chinese	215	100	110	0.9	0.9	0.9
Black	210	90	115	0.9	0.8	0.9
Filipino	210	85	125	0.9	0.7	1.0
Arab	35	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Latin American	90	25	70	0.4	0.2	0.5
Southeast Asian	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
West Asian	125	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Japanese	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	90	40	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,610	10,765	11,845	93.1	93.6	92.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	24,275	11,500	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,000	1,945	2,055	16.5	16.9	16.1
English	8,170	3,860	4,310	33.7	33.6	33.7
Irish	6,130	2,930	3,205	25.3	25.5	25.1
Scottish	6,575	3,005	3,570	27.1	26.1	27.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,820	840	975	7.5	7.3	7.6
German	2,585	1,220	1,365	10.6	10.6	10.7
Chinese	235	105	130	1.0	0.9	1.0
Italian	1,080	505	570	4.4	4.4	4.5
Indian (India)	295	145	155	1.2	1.3	1.2
Ukrainian	605	370	235	2.5	3.2	1.8
Dutch	1,060	515	540	4.4	4.5	4.2
Polish	795	355	440	3.3	3.1	3.4
Québécois	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,535	695	840	6.3	6.0	6.6
Filipino	185	80	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
French Canadian	350	145	200	1.4	1.3	1.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	410	200	210	1.7	1.7	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	300	150	150	1.2	1.3	1.2
Métis	250	105	145	1.0	0.9	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	375	180	195	1.5	1.6	1.5
Russian	230	110	115	0.9	1.0	0.9
Norwegian	185	95	95	0.8	0.8	0.7
Welsh	580	270	310	2.4	2.3	2.4
Portuguese	240	85	155	1.0	0.7	1.2
American	280	145	135	1.2	1.3	1.1
Spanish	150	55	90	0.6	0.5	0.7
Swedish	215	120	95	0.9	1.0	0.7
Hungarian	245	125	115	1.0	1.1	0.9
Acadian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	175	95	85	0.7	0.8	0.7
Punjabi	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vietnamese	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	150	80	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Jamaican	165	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	75	20	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	70	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Romanian	90	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Lebanese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	155	80	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	225	110	110	0.9	1.0	0.9
Belgian	80	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swiss	115	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Finnish	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	120	35	90	0.5	0.3	0.7
Japanese	70	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.6
Muslim	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Colombian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	95	65	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afghan	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ojibway	95	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Newfoundlander	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ontarian	150	90	60	0.6	0.8	0.5
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slovak	70	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	90	30	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
South African	80	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Australian	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slovenian	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israeli	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mohawk	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
African American	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	70	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	55	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bengali	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
Kurdish	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mayan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	24,270	11,495	12,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	90	40	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Christian	12,640	5,420	7,215	52.1	47.2	56.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,610	705	905	6.6	6.1	7.1
Anabaptist	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anglican	1,975	800	1,175	8.1	7.0	9.2
Baptist	220	110	115	0.9	1.0	0.9
Catholic	4,605	2,070	2,530	19.0	18.0	19.8
Christian Orthodox	175	90	80	0.7	0.8	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	95	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lutheran	200	55	145	0.8	0.5	1.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	55	10	45	0.2	0.1	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Presbyterian	1,220	505	710	5.0	4.4	5.6
Reformed	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Church	1,680	690	985	6.9	6.0	7.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	650	290	360	2.7	2.5	2.8
Hindu	155	80	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Jewish	215	105	110	0.9	0.9	0.9
Muslim	220	115	110	0.9	1.0	0.9
Sikh	70	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	155	55	100	0.6	0.5	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	10,730	5,665	5,065	44.2	49.3	39.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	24,065	11,385	12,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,565	9,635	10,930	85.5	84.6	86.2
Movers	3,500	1,745	1,750	14.5	15.3	13.8
Non-migrants	1,370	690	680	5.7	6.1	5.4
Migrants	2,125	1,055	1,070	8.8	9.3	8.4
Internal migrants	2,105	1,050	1,050	8.7	9.2	8.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,030	1,010	1,015	8.4	8.9	8.0
Interprovincial migrants	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	23,305	10,995	12,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,590	5,860	6,725	54.0	53.3	54.6
Movers	10,715	5,130	5,585	46.0	46.7	45.4
Non-migrants	3,235	1,510	1,725	13.9	13.7	14.0
Migrants	7,485	3,620	3,860	32.1	32.9	31.3
Internal migrants	7,120	3,440	3,675	30.6	31.3	29.8
Intraprovincial migrants	6,710	3,240	3,465	28.8	29.5	28.1
Interprovincial migrants	415	200	215	1.8	1.8	1.7
External migrants	360	180	180	1.5	1.6	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,285	1,700	1,590	15.7	17.3	14.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,695	8,110	9,580	84.3	82.7	85.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,740	5,540	6,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,170	645	525	10.0	11.6	8.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,570	4,895	5,675	90.0	88.4	91.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,900	1,470	1,430	13.8	15.0	12.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,345	3,040	3,300	30.2	31.0	29.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,740	5,305	6,435	56.0	54.1	57.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,210	2,790	3,415	29.6	28.4	30.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,045	725	325	5.0	7.4	2.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	535	320	215	2.6	3.3	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	515	405	110	2.5	4.1	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,740	1,885	2,845	22.6	19.2	25.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	425	180	245	2.0	1.8	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,525	2,510	3,015	26.3	25.6	27.0
Bachelor's degree	3,915	1,745	2,170	18.7	17.8	19.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	405	180	220	1.9	1.8	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	110	70	0.9	1.1	0.6
Master's degree	935	415	520	4.5	4.2	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,740	5,535	6,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,010	555	460	8.6	10.0	7.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,285	1,665	1,620	28.0	30.1	26.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,450	3,325	4,125	63.5	60.1	66.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,045	1,900	2,140	34.5	34.3	34.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	610	400	215	5.2	7.2	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	320	175	145	2.7	3.2	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	295	225	70	2.5	4.1	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,205	1,380	1,820	27.3	24.9	29.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	120	105	2.0	2.2	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,405	1,425	1,985	29.0	25.7	32.0
Bachelor's degree	2,470	1,040	1,430	21.0	18.8	23.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	110	160	2.3	2.0	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	45	50	0.9	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	520	200	320	4.4	3.6	5.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,240	4,505	4,740	44.0	45.9	42.4
Education	925	205	725	4.4	2.1	6.5
13. Education	925	205	725	4.4	2.1	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	560	210	350	2.7	2.1	3.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	525	185	340	2.5	1.9	3.0
Humanities	690	285	400	3.3	2.9	3.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	175	55	115	0.8	0.6	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	75	120	1.0	0.8	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	150	90	60	0.7	0.9	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,650	605	1,045	7.9	6.2	9.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	80	110	0.9	0.8	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	250	20	235	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	215	90	125	1.0	0.9	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	260	80	185	1.2	0.8	1.7
45. Social sciences	685	320	365	3.3	3.3	3.3
Business, management and public administration	2,520	1,120	1,400	12.0	11.4	12.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	35	140	0.8	0.4	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,345	1,085	1,265	11.2	11.1	11.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	385	210	175	1.8	2.1	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	60	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	95	75	30	0.5	0.8	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	185	130	1.5	1.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	145	70	1.0	1.5	0.6
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,735	1,570	160	8.3	16.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	100	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	345	290	55	1.6	3.0	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	470	415	55	2.2	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	330	320	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	315	0	1.5	3.2	0.0
48. Precision production	180	170	10	0.9	1.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	90	115	1.0	0.9	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Health and related fields	2,085	450	1,635	9.9	4.6	14.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	365	155	205	1.7	1.6	1.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,675	270	1,405	8.0	2.8	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	675	380	295	3.2	3.9	2.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	365	125	240	1.7	1.3	2.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	230	170	60	1.1	1.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	75	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,745	5,540	6,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,295	2,215	2,075	36.6	40.0	33.4
Education	435	95	340	3.7	1.7	5.5
13. Education	435	95	340	3.7	1.7	5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	395	160	235	3.4	2.9	3.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	360	130	230	3.1	2.3	3.7
Humanities	365	165	200	3.1	3.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	85	35	55	0.7	0.6	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	80	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,115	375	745	9.5	6.8	12.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	75	80	1.3	1.4	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	20	175	1.6	0.4	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	125	30	95	1.1	0.5	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	165	50	115	1.4	0.9	1.9
45. Social sciences	460	200	255	3.9	3.6	4.1
Business, management and public administration	1,605	680	920	13.7	12.3	14.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	20	110	1.1	0.4	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,480	660	820	12.6	11.9	13.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	275	125	150	2.3	2.3	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	30	65	0.8	0.5	1.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	60	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	230	150	85	2.0	2.7	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	130	55	1.6	2.3	0.9
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,065	930	130	9.1	16.8	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
14. Engineering	215	175	45	1.8	3.2	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	295	245	45	2.5	4.4	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	210	205	0	1.8	3.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	175	0	1.5	3.2	0.0
48. Precision production	105	100	10	0.9	1.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	65	110	1.5	1.2	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	40	60	0.9	0.7	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Health and related fields	1,280	295	985	10.9	5.3	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	220	90	125	1.9	1.6	2.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,045	210	835	8.9	3.8	13.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	510	280	230	4.3	5.1	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	275	95	180	2.3	1.7	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	185	135	50	1.6	2.4	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,745	5,540	6,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,295	2,215	2,075	36.6	40.0	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,450	3,320	4,125	63.4	59.9	66.5
Location of study inside Canada	6,635	2,960	3,680	56.5	53.4	59.3
Same as province or territory of residence	6,175	2,780	3,395	52.6	50.2	54.7
Different than province or territory of residence	460	185	280	3.9	3.3	4.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	810	365	450	6.9	6.6	7.3
Americas	235	115	125	2.0	2.1	2.0
United States of America	215	100	115	1.8	1.8	1.9
Mexico	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	315	150	160	2.7	2.7	2.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Switzerland	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	185	100	80	1.6	1.8	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Africa	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	165	55	110	1.4	1.0	1.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	15	45	0.5	0.3	0.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
India	60	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Australia	55	25	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
New Zealand	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	20,980	9,810	11,170	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,760	5,950	5,815	...	...	...
Employed	10,260	5,285	4,975	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,505	665	840	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,220	3,860	5,355	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.1	60.7	52.1	56.1	60.7	52.1
Employment rate	48.9	53.9	44.5	48.9	53.9	44.5
Unemployment rate	12.8	11.2	14.4	12.8	11.2	14.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	20,980	9,810	11,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,750	3,755	4,995	41.7	38.3	44.7
Worked	12,230	6,060	6,170	58.3	61.8	55.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,750	3,185	2,560	27.4	32.5	22.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,485	2,870	3,610	30.9	29.3	32.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.6	40.8	38.3	39.6	40.8	38.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,760	5,945	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	120	85	1.7	2.0	1.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,555	5,820	5,730	98.3	97.9	98.6
Employee	9,060	4,460	4,600	77.0	75.0	79.2
Permanent position	7,620	3,750	3,870	64.8	63.1	66.6
Temporary position	1,440	715	730	12.2	12.0	12.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	355	140	215	3.0	2.4	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,085	575	510	9.2	9.7	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,495	1,365	1,135	21.2	23.0	19.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,760	5,945	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	120	85	1.7	2.0	1.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,555	5,820	5,730	98.3	97.9	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	265	160	105	2.3	2.7	1.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,695	550	1,140	14.4	9.3	19.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	595	435	160	5.1	7.3	2.8
3 Health occupations	970	200	770	8.2	3.4	13.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,200	400	805	10.2	6.7	13.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	525	210	315	4.5	3.5	5.4
6 Sales and service occupations	3,895	1,735	2,160	33.1	29.2	37.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,755	1,620	135	14.9	27.2	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	290	240	55	2.5	4.0	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	370	290	90	3.1	4.9	1.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,760	5,945	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	120	85	1.7	2.0	1.5
All industries¹⁹¹	11,555	5,820	5,730	98.3	97.9	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	20	30	0.5	0.3	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	50	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
22 Utilities	55	45	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
23 Construction	1,000	860	140	8.5	14.5	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	795	575	220	6.8	9.7	3.8
41 Wholesale trade	265	155	105	2.3	2.6	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,570	715	855	13.4	12.0	14.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	265	180	80	2.3	3.0	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	205	125	80	1.7	2.1	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	405	195	210	3.4	3.3	3.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	175	180	3.0	2.9	3.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,010	485	530	8.6	8.2	9.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	645	370	270	5.5	6.2	4.6
61 Educational services	730	250	480	6.2	4.2	8.3
62 Health care and social assistance	1,455	295	1,160	12.4	5.0	20.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	420	200	220	3.6	3.4	3.8
72 Accommodation and food services	1,370	675	700	11.6	11.4	12.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	455	165	290	3.9	2.8	5.0
91 Public administration	420	270	155	3.6	4.5	2.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	13,165	6,525	6,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,935	6,455	6,485	98.3	98.9	97.7
French	40	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.6
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	105	40	60	0.8	0.6	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	13,165	6,525	6,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,140	6,505	6,630	99.8	99.7	99.8
Official languages	13,120	6,500	6,620	99.7	99.6	99.7
English	13,070	6,500	6,570	99.3	99.6	98.9
French	50	0	50	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	13,165	6,525	6,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,010	6,470	6,535	98.8	99.2	98.4
English	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
French	85	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Non-official language	50	0	45	0.4	0.0	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,260	5,280	4,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,470	1,100	1,365	24.1	20.8	27.4
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,285	920	370	12.5	17.4	7.4
Usual place of work	6,485	3,240	3,235	63.2	61.4	65.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,480	3,245	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,255	2,000	2,255	65.7	61.6	69.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	960	505	450	14.8	15.6	13.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,245	720	525	19.2	22.2	16.2
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,770	4,165	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,745	3,720	3,020	86.8	89.3	83.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,175	3,435	2,740	79.5	82.5	76.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	570	285	280	7.3	6.8	7.8
Public transit	100	60	40	1.3	1.4	1.1
Walked	585	185	400	7.5	4.4	11.1
Bicycle	160	95	60	2.1	2.3	1.7
Other method	185	95	85	2.4	2.3	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,770	4,165	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,250	2,030	2,220	54.7	48.7	61.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,765	950	815	22.7	22.8	22.6
30 to 44 minutes	695	430	265	8.9	10.3	7.4
45 to 59 minutes	405	275	125	5.2	6.6	3.5
60 minutes and over	650	470	185	8.4	11.3	5.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,770	4,165	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	525	390	130	6.8	9.4	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	995	670	330	12.8	16.1	9.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,925	1,145	780	24.8	27.5	21.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,155	970	1,185	27.7	23.3	32.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,225	515	715	15.8	12.4	19.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	945	475	465	12.2	11.4	12.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,100	2,110	1,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	390	200	190	9.5	9.5	9.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,710	1,910	1,805	90.5	90.5	90.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,055	1,575	1,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	310	155	155	10.1	9.8	10.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	185	95	90	6.1	6.0	6.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	65	65	4.1	4.1	4.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,745	1,425	1,325	89.9	90.5	89.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 21, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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