Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	High RiverMore information: Alberta [Census agglomeration]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,324	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,594^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,950	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,787	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	645.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,325	7,020	7,305
0 to 14 years	2,450	1,295	1,160
0 to 4 years	675	335	335
5 to 9 years	800	445	360
10 to 14 years	970	515	460
15 to 64 years	8,345	4,105	4,240
15 to 19 years	940	505	435
20 to 24 years	620	330	295
25 to 29 years	630	300	325
30 to 34 years	730	350	380
35 to 39 years	865	420	440
40 to 44 years	975	485	490
45 to 49 years	855	430	425
50 to 54 years	805	380	420
55 to 59 years	920	460	465
60 to 64 years	1,000	440	565
65 years and over	3,535	1,625	1,910
65 to 69 years	945	415	530
70 to 74 years	985	445	540
75 to 79 years	735	355	380
80 to 84 years	470	235	235
85 years and over	395	170	220
85 to 89 years	265	135	130
90 to 94 years	100	35	65
95 to 99 years	30	5	25
100 years and over	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	18.4	15.9
15 to 64 years	58.3	58.5	58.0
65 years and over	24.7	23.1	26.1
85 years and over	2.8	2.4	3.0
Average age of the population	44.0	42.7	45.2
Median age of the population	44.8	43.2	46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,790	...	...
Single-detached house	2,910	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,035	...	...
Row house	730	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	725	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	275	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,790	...	...
1 person	1,545	...	...
2 persons	2,270	...	...
3 persons	730	...	...
4 persons	700	...	...
5 or more persons	540	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,110	6,945	7,170
Average household size	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,875	5,725	6,145
Married or living common-law	7,195	3,610	3,580
Married	6,180	3,115	3,070
Living common-law	1,010	500	515
Living common law - Never married	595	300	295
Living common law - Separated	75	40	35
Living common law - Divorced	300	145	155
Living common law - Widowed	40	20	25
Not married and not living common-law	4,675	2,110	2,565
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,630	1,425	1,205
Not married and not living common law - Separated	360	150	210
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	915	360	560
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	770	185	590
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,135	...	...
2 persons	2,345	...	...
3 persons	725	...	...
4 persons	650	...	...
5 or more persons	420	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,135	...	...
Total couple families	3,515	...	...
Married couples	3,010	...	...
With children⁶	1,325	...	...
Without children	1,685	...	...
Common-law couples	505	...	...
With children⁶	205	...	...
Without children	300	...	...
Total one-parent families	620	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	480	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	140	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,110	6,945	7,165
Total - Persons in census families	11,695	5,840	5,850
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,030	3,510	3,520
Parents in one-parent families	620	140	480
Children⁶	4,045	2,190	1,850
In a two-parent family	3,070	1,660	1,415
In a one-parent family	970	535	435
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,420	1,100	1,315
Living alone	1,545	610	940
Living with other relatives⁷	265	125	140
Living with non-relatives only	610	370	235
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,790	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,660	...	...
Couple-family households	3,195	...	...
With children⁶	1,360	...	...
Without children	1,830	...	...
One-parent-family households	465	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	215	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	215	...	...
One-person households	1,545	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,660	5,650	6,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,190	5,415	5,775
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	50,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,205	5,425	5,780
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,200	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,215	5,070	5,150
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	43,200	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,650	3,950	3,695
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	46,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,965	4,740	5,225
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,600	9,300	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,035	515	520
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,520	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,050	1,425	1,630
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,655	5,650	6,010
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,210	5,430	5,780
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,320	59,300	41,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,220	5,435	5,780
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,240	49,920	36,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,235	5,075	5,160
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,400	53,000	33,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,645	3,870	3,775
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,560	53,250	35,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,980	4,740	5,235
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,990	11,130	12,770
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	985	475	515
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,600	6,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,210	1,495	1,715
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,910	7,420	8,330
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,660	5,650	6,010
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,440	1,965	1,475
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	69,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,700	75,400	59,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,100	1,400	1,705
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	23,600	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,840	35,640	21,420
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.8	83.6	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.4	64.0	55.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.2	16.4	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	3.9	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	3.5	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,660	5,650	6,010
Without total income	470	235	235
With total income	11,185	5,415	5,770
Under $10,000 (including loss)	880	355	520
$10,000 to $19,999	1,185	360	825
$20,000 to $29,999	1,925	840	1,080
$30,000 to $39,999	1,445	575	875
$40,000 to $49,999	1,270	545	725
$50,000 to $59,999	1,060	495	560
$60,000 to $69,999	990	585	400
$70,000 to $79,999	645	390	250
$80,000 to $89,999	495	330	170
$90,000 to $99,999	360	245	120
$100,000 and over	925	695	235
$100,000 to $149,999	655	485	175
$150,000 and over	270	210	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,660	5,650	6,010
Without after-tax income	455	220	230
With after-tax income	11,210	5,430	5,780
Under $10,000 (including loss)	945	380	570
$10,000 to $19,999	1,245	380	865
$20,000 to $29,999	2,105	925	1,175
$30,000 to $39,999	1,710	690	1,015
$40,000 to $49,999	1,470	685	785
$50,000 to $59,999	1,320	735	580
$60,000 to $69,999	825	505	320
$70,000 to $79,999	580	385	190
$80,000 to $89,999	345	235	105
$90,000 to $99,999	200	140	60
$100,000 and over	465	365	105
$100,000 to $124,999	245	195	50
$125,000 and over	220	175	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,660	5,650	6,010
Without employment income	4,010	1,700	2,315
With employment income	7,645	3,950	3,695
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,180	550	630
$5,000 to $9,999	640	245	395
$10,000 to $19,999	910	410	500
$20,000 to $29,999	680	285	395
$30,000 to $39,999	710	295	415
$40,000 to $49,999	625	290	340
$50,000 to $59,999	680	335	345
$60,000 to $69,999	545	350	195
$70,000 to $79,999	420	275	145
$80,000 to $89,999	310	215	95
$90,000 to $99,999	245	165	80
$100,000 and over	700	535	165
$100,000 to $124,999	355	265	95
$125,000 and over	340	270	70
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,660	5,650	6,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,885	5,255	5,630
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	50,400	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,890	5,255	5,635
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	45,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,050	4,970	5,080
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	46,800	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,620	3,925	3,695
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	48,800	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,520	4,510	5,010
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450	1,820	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	725	360	370
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	5,360	6,650
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,655	5,650	6,010
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,910	5,290	5,615
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,760	59,900	40,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,915	5,290	5,625
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,600	50,320	35,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,115	5,005	5,110
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,280	55,850	34,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,610	3,850	3,760
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,240	56,750	37,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,575	4,520	5,055
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,860	8,350	9,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	720	355	370
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,320	6,600	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,660	5,650	6,010
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,410	1,945	1,470
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	63,200	49,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,100	73,000	56,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,860	1,290	1,575
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	35,600	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,480	47,640	27,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	88.0	79.2
Employment income (%)	66.2	69.0	62.5
Government transfers (%)	15.6	11.9	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,790	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,545	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,240	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,785	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,545	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,240	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,785	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	440	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	445	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	430	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	360	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,190	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	750	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	560	...	...
$200,000 and over	415	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,785	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	210	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	275	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	530	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	530	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	455	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,685	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	575	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,100	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,885	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,550	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,155	980	1,175
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	45,200	37,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,105	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,555	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	565	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,165	1,010	1,160
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,560	56,800	45,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,760	48,000	40,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,110	6,940	7,165
0 to 17 years	3,040	1,610	1,430
0 to 5 years	835	425	405
18 to 64 years	7,740	3,780	3,955
65 years and over	3,330	1,550	1,775
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,135	490	645
0 to 17 years	280	155	125
0 to 5 years	85	45	35
18 to 64 years	570	240	330
65 years and over	285	95	195
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.1	7.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.6	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.8	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	7.4	6.4	8.3
65 years and over (%)	8.6	5.9	10.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,110	6,945	7,165
0 to 17 years	3,040	1,610	1,430
0 to 5 years	835	430	410
18 to 64 years	7,740	3,780	3,960
65 years and over	3,330	1,555	1,780
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	320	155	165
0 to 17 years	70	35	30
0 to 5 years	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	220	115	105
65 years and over	30	10	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.2	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	2.4	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.5	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,110	6,940	7,170
In bottom half of the distribution	7,295	3,440	3,850
In bottom decile	1,000	470	535
In second decile	1,550	705	850
In third decile	1,605	765	840
In fourth decile	1,520	730	795
In fifth decile	1,615	775	835
In top half of the distribution	6,815	3,505	3,315
In sixth decile	1,670	830	845
In seventh decile	1,590	800	785
In eighth decile	1,450	770	675
In ninth decile	1,220	645	580
In top decile	885	455	425
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,110	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.287	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.405	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,275	6,995	7,280
English only	13,595	6,710	6,885
French only	0	0	0
English and French	620	260	355
Neither English nor French	65	25	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,275	6,995	7,280
English	14,070	6,900	7,170
French	130	60	70
English and French	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	60	25	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,275	6,995	7,280
Single responses	13,975	6,855	7,120
Official languages	12,075	5,890	6,185
English	11,925	5,815	6,110
French	145	70	75
Non-official languages	1,900	970	935
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,895	965	930
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	30	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	30	30
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5
Vietnamese	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,035	540	495
Bikol	15	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	40	20	25
Cebuano	50	30	20
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	35	20	15
Ilocano	45	30	20
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	5	0	5
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	805	425	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15
Creole languages	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	675	340	335
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	40
Baltic languages	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5
Slavic languages	70	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10
Russian	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	225	105	120
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	130	70	65
German	130	65	65
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85	30	50
Afrikaans	15	5	10
Dutch	55	20	35
Low German, n.o.s.	5	5	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5
Danish	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	45	25
Indo-Aryan languages	65	45	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0
Urdu	20	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	310	160	150
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0
Portuguese	15	5	10
Romanian	15	10	5
Spanish	270	140	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	15	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10
Lao	10	5	5
Thai	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	305	145	165
English and French	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	240	115	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,275	6,995	7,280
English	12,180	5,940	6,245
French	20	10	10
Non-official language	435	215	215
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	435	215	215
English and French	100	40	60
English and non-official language(s)	1,465	760	710
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	25
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,275	6,995	7,280
Single responses	13,955	6,840	7,110
Official languages	12,785	6,225	6,560
English	12,755	6,210	6,545
French	30	15	15
Non-official languages	1,170	620	555
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,170	620	555
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5
Vietnamese	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	745	400	345
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	5	10
Cebuano	40	25	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10
Ilocano	35	25	15
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	610	325	285
Waray-Waray	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	305	155	145
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	0
German	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10
Afrikaans	10	5	10
Dutch	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	110	105
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0
Spanish	195	100	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10
Lao	15	5	5
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	325	155	165
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	295	145	150
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,275	7,000	7,280
None	12,915	6,300	6,615
English	610	330	280
French	80	30	45
Non-official language	530	265	265
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	525	260	265
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	90	50	35
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,105	6,945	7,165
Official languages	14,020	6,920	7,100
English	14,020	6,920	7,100
French	545	260	285
Non-official languages	2,665	1,345	1,320
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,650	1,335	1,315
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	65	85
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	145	65	80
Amharic	10	0	10
Arabic	135	65	75
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,340	665	675
Bikol	35	20	20
Bisaya, n.o.s.	35	15	25
Cebuano	120	65	55
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	50	25	25
Ilocano	20	15	15
Indonesian	20	10	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	30	15	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,290	640	650
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	60	20	40
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,000	515	480
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	50	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	50	45
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	0
Russian	25	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	10	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	310	150	160
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	205	110	95
German	205	110	95
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	105	45	60
Afrikaans	30	15	15
Dutch	55	25	30
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	30	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	15
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	60	55
Indo-Aryan languages	110	60	55
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10
Hindi	40	20	20
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	20	15
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	485	265	220
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	0
Portuguese	50	20	30
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	385	205	180
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10
Korean	35	20	20
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15
American Sign Language	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	15
Chinese languages	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15
Lao	30	15	10
Thai	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,110	6,945	7,165
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	470	205	260
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	455	205	255
First Nations (North American Indian)	155	85	70
Métis	295	115	180
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,640	6,740	6,905
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,110	6,945	7,165
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	120	60	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,990	6,880	7,105
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,790	...	...
Owner	4,365	...	...
Renter	1,420	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,790	...	...
Condominium	1,145	...	...
Not condominium	4,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,790	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	365	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,620	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,130	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,790	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,165	...	...
5 rooms	1,060	...	...
6 rooms	1,015	...	...
7 rooms	805	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,745	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,790	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,670	...	...
More than one person per room	120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,790	...	...
Suitable	5,595	...	...
Not suitable	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,790	...	...
1960 or before	400	...	...
1961 to 1980	980	...	...
1981 to 1990	750	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,185	...	...
2001 to 2005	770	...	...
2006 to 2010	905	...	...
2011 to 2015	560	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,790	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,595	...	...
Major repairs needed	190	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,790	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,840	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,705	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	240	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,790	...	...
15 to 24 years	95	...	...
25 to 34 years	550	...	...
35 to 44 years	985	...	...
45 to 54 years	905	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,110	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,180	...	...
75 to 84 years	705	...	...
85 years and over	250	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,780	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,115	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,790	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,035	...	...
Not suitable only	165	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,385	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,705	...	...
In core need	475	...	...
Not in core need	5,230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,290	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,364	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	341,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,420	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,338	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,110	6,945	7,165
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	130	55	70
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	130	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	80	45	35
Métis single ancestry	35	10	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	580	275	300
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	565	265	300
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	350	165	190
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	105	110
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,400	6,615	6,790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,110	6,940	7,170
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	12,550	6,125	6,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,755	1,435	1,325
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,790	4,695	5,095
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,560	815	745
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,110	6,940	7,170
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,315	5,565	5,745
Immigrants⁸¹	2,650	1,280	1,370
Before 1980	450	205	245
1980 to 1990	140	65	75
1991 to 2000	160	70	95
2001 to 2010	310	165	145
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,590	775	810
2011 to 2015	845	420	435
2016 to 2021	740	360	380
Non-permanent residents⁸³	150	100	50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,650	1,280	1,370
Under 5 years	220	105	110
5 to 14 years	635	350	290
15 to 24 years	445	200	245
25 to 44 years	1,190	560	635
45 years and over	165	70	90
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,650	1,280	1,370
Americas	385	180	200
Brazil	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	15	15
Mexico	145	80	70
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	130	55	75
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	30
Europe	615	285	325
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	90	50	40
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	15	15	0
Italy	10	10	0
Netherlands	55	15	35
Poland	10	0	10
Portugal	15	10	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	345	140	200
Other places of birth in Europe	50	20	25
Africa	180	75	110
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	10	30
Other places of birth in Africa	85	40	40
Asia	1,450	735	715
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	1,230	615	610
Viet Nam	15	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	45	20	25
Pakistan	15	10	0
Sri Lanka	35	30	10
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	35
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	0	15
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	740	360	375
Americas	65	25	40
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	15
United States of America	20	0	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0
Europe	25	10	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	50	15	35
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10
Asia	595	310	290
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	25	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	530	275	255
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	20	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,105	6,945	7,165
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,910	1,440	1,470
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,315	1,210	1,105
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,890	4,295	4,590
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,200	1,075	1,125
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,695	865	830
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	535	395	140
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,160	470	690
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	350	130	220
Refugees¹⁰⁸	145	80	65
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,200	1,075	1,125
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	20	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	600	380	220
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	25	25
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	20	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,450	625	825
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,110	6,945	7,165
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,475	1,265	1,210
South Asian	165	85	85
Chinese	15	0	10
Black	225	105	115
Filipino	1,485	760	725
Arab	110	55	60
Latin American	280	160	120
Southeast Asian	95	40	55
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	15
Japanese	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	65	40	25
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,635	5,675	5,960
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,110	6,940	7,170
Canadian	1,935	1,000	935
English	3,745	1,740	2,005
Irish	2,580	1,140	1,440
Scottish	2,690	1,235	1,455
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,105	540	570
German	2,205	975	1,235
Chinese	20	0	15
Italian	375	210	165
Indian (India)	100	55	50
Ukrainian	870	445	425
Dutch	625	265	365
Polish	485	230	250
Québécois	25	15	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	520	230	290
Filipino	1,390	720	670
French Canadian	125	65	65
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	195	105	90
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	160	75	85
Métis	265	120	145
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	300	155	150
Russian	325	155	175
Norwegian	645	310	340
Welsh	420	175	245
Portuguese	65	45	15
American	370	160	210
Spanish	95	40	50
Swedish	275	95	180
Hungarian	250	130	120
Acadian	35	15	25
Pakistani	25	10	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	50	25	30
Jewish	30	10	20
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	25	25
Greek	40	15	20
Jamaican	65	35	30
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	75	30	45
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	20	30
Korean	30	10	20
Romanian	125	65	60
Lebanese	70	30	40
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	125	85	35
Danish	250	130	125
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	130	55	75
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	125	55	70
Belgian	65	15	50
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	200	115	85
Mennonite	115	45	70
Swiss	70	30	40
Finnish	75	35	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	15
Japanese	35	30	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	20	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	90	40	50
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	20	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	20	30
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	130	55	75
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	75	40	35
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	35	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	0	20
Newfoundlander	10	10	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	15	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	0	30
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	65	40	20
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	50	20	25
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	15	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	0	15
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	145	70	75
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	30	15	10
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	15
Laotian	30	15	10
Ilocano	65	35	30
Northern Irish	10	0	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	25	10	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	20	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	0	15
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	60	40	20
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	30	25	10
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,110	6,945	7,165
Buddhist	80	40	45
Christian	8,055	3,880	4,170
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,455	705	750
Anabaptist	65	35	35
Anglican	535	250	290
Baptist	145	60	85
Catholic	3,145	1,545	1,595
Christian Orthodox	60	25	35
Jehovah's Witness	105	50	55
Latter Day Saints	275	135	140
Lutheran	270	125	145
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	70	30	40
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	180	90	85
Presbyterian	55	25	35
Reformed	30	15	10
United Church	1,165	550	615
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	490	230	260
Hindu	30	20	10
Jewish	10	0	10
Muslim	175	90	90
Sikh	15	0	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	20	40
No religion and secular perspectives	5,680	2,890	2,795
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,960	6,855	7,105
Non-movers	12,010	5,890	6,120
Movers	1,950	965	985
Non-migrants	1,020	495	530
Migrants	930	470	460
Internal migrants	855	425	430
Intraprovincial migrants	650	330	320
Interprovincial migrants	205	95	110
External migrants	70	45	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,445	6,610	6,835
Non-movers	7,495	3,700	3,795
Movers	5,950	2,910	3,035
Non-migrants	2,165	1,140	1,035
Migrants	3,780	1,775	2,010
Internal migrants	3,290	1,540	1,750
Intraprovincial migrants	2,500	1,155	1,345
Interprovincial migrants	790	390	405
External migrants	490	230	260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,660	5,650	6,010
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,150	1,165	985
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,510	4,480	5,025
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,770	3,260	3,515
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	820	475	340
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,950	2,785	3,170
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,655	5,650	6,010
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,825	960	865
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,010	1,935	2,070
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,830	2,750	3,075
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,060	1,940	2,120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,245	955	290
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	470	265	200
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	775	680	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,395	830	1,565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	155	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,775	820	955
Bachelor's degree	1,335	620	710
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	40	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	15
Master's degree	285	135	150
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,770	3,260	3,510
No certificate, diploma or degree	650	365	285
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,235	1,105	1,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,885	1,790	2,095
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,640	1,275	1,365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	760	610	155
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	250	155	100
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	510	455	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,570	550	1,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	305	115	185
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,240	515	730
Bachelor's degree	970	430	545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	25	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	180	60	120
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,660	5,650	6,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,825	2,895	2,930
Education	515	160	355
13. Education	515	160	355
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	90	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	60	80
Humanities	210	100	115
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	35	40
54. History	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385	105	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	65	15	50
45. Social sciences	135	65	70
Business, management and public administration	1,250	375	880
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	15	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,155	360	795
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	65	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	120	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	100	60
25. Library science	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,370	1,275	100
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	195	175	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	315	260	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	360	340	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	315	0
48. Precision production	160	160	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	100	75
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	70	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
Health and related fields	1,025	170	850
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	950	125	825
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	410	205	205
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	245	65	185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	60	45	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	105	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,770	3,255	3,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,885	1,470	1,420
Education	295	60	230
13. Education	295	60	230
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	60	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	40	70
Humanities	155	60	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	20	35
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290	75	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	110	50	55
Business, management and public administration	810	225	585
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	740	210	530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	85	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	75	45
25. Library science	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	925	850	75
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	145	120	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	145	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	235	230	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	230	230	0
48. Precision production	120	120	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	70	60
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15
Health and related fields	665	130	540
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	40	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	615	90	525
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	140	140
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	45	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	45	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,770	3,255	3,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,885	1,470	1,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,880	1,785	2,095
Location of study inside Canada	3,095	1,410	1,685
Same as province or territory of residence	2,415	1,035	1,380
Different than province or territory of residence	685	380	310
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	785	380	405
Americas	150	75	75
United States of America	110	60	55
Mexico	35	15	20
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	75	40	35
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	45	15	30
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	25	10	10
Asia	510	250	260
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0
Philippines	415	205	215
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	45	20	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania	10	0	10
Australia	10	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,655	5,650	6,010
In the labour force	7,025	3,670	3,355
Employed	6,335	3,265	3,070
Unemployed	695	405	285
Not in the labour force	4,630	1,975	2,655
Participation rate	60.3	65.0	55.8
Employment rate	54.4	57.8	51.1
Unemployment rate	9.9	11.0	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,660	5,650	6,005
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,735	2,060	2,675
Worked	6,920	3,590	3,330
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,550	2,025	1,520
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,375	1,565	1,810
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.5	39.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,030	3,675	3,355
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	105	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,840	3,575	3,265
Employee	5,655	2,905	2,750
Permanent position	4,755	2,465	2,295
Temporary position	900	440	455
Fixed term (1 year or more)	260	95	165
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	635	345	290
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,180	665	520
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,030	3,675	3,355
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	105	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,840	3,575	3,265
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	30	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	905	190	720
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	260	210	50
3 Health occupations	400	80	325
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	650	155	495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	50	90
6 Sales and service occupations	1,960	760	1,200
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,540	1,390	145
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	215	180	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	730	530	200
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,030	3,675	3,355
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	105	85
All industries¹⁹¹	6,840	3,575	3,265
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	65	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	150	125	20
22 Utilities	45	40	10
23 Construction	700	570	130
31-33 Manufacturing	920	650	270
41 Wholesale trade	210	155	60
44-45 Retail trade	945	485	460
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	320	240	80
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	15
52 Finance and insurance	185	35	150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	75	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	365	160	205
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	285	150	135
61 Educational services	365	85	280
62 Health care and social assistance	800	120	675
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	85	45
72 Accommodation and food services	505	185	315
81 Other services (except public administration)	390	185	205
91 Public administration	215	110	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,485	3,835	3,650
English	7,245	3,710	3,535
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	30	0	20
English and non-official language(s)	200	115	90
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,485	3,835	3,650
Single responses	7,430	3,795	3,635
Official languages	7,410	3,775	3,635
English	7,395	3,770	3,625
French	15	0	10
Non-official languages	20	15	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	45	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	60	45	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,485	3,835	3,650
None	7,300	3,760	3,545
English	25	10	10
French	20	0	15
Non-official language	140	60	75
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	140	60	75
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,335	3,265	3,070
Worked at home	795	305	490
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	1,025	760	270
Usual place of work	4,500	2,195	2,305
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,505	2,195	2,305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,330	970	1,360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,820	1,040	780
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	315	150	160
Commute to a different province or territory	35	35	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,530	2,955	2,575
Car, truck or van	5,085	2,745	2,345
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,685	2,605	2,080
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	400	135	265
Public transit	25	0	25
Walked	215	85	125
Bicycle	35	20	20
Other method	160	105	55
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,530	2,955	2,575
Less than 15 minutes	2,705	1,210	1,495
15 to 29 minutes	1,200	645	545
30 to 44 minutes	750	460	290
45 to 59 minutes	550	370	175
60 minutes and over	330	260	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,530	2,955	2,575
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	460	340	115
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	985	650	335
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,355	700	655
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	945	355	590
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	660	260	400
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,125	640	485
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,105	1,645	1,460
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	65	85
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,950	1,575	1,375
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,370	1,275	1,095
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	55	65
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	20	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	35	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,250	1,215	1,030

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table