Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	9330223.01More information: British Columbia [Census tract]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,225	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,964	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,222	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,116	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,560.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,225	3,985	4,240
0 to 14 years	1,160	625	535
0 to 4 years	395	205	185
5 to 9 years	395	215	175
10 to 14 years	375	200	175
15 to 64 years	6,115	2,925	3,190
15 to 19 years	445	215	230
20 to 24 years	515	260	255
25 to 29 years	735	365	370
30 to 34 years	845	415	425
35 to 39 years	700	365	335
40 to 44 years	545	265	280
45 to 49 years	555	230	320
50 to 54 years	605	275	330
55 to 59 years	670	295	370
60 to 64 years	505	235	270
65 years and over	945	435	515
65 to 69 years	365	175	195
70 to 74 years	255	110	145
75 to 79 years	170	80	85
80 to 84 years	90	40	50
85 years and over	60	25	40
85 to 89 years	35	20	20
90 to 94 years	20	5	15
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.7	12.6
15 to 64 years	74.3	73.4	75.2
65 years and over	11.5	10.9	12.1
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.9
Average age of the population	39.2	38.0	40.3
Median age of the population	38.0	36.4	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,115	...	...
Single-detached house	185	...	...
Semi-detached house	120	...	...
Row house	605	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	415	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	505	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,115	...	...
1 person	710	...	...
2 persons	1,010	...	...
3 persons	630	...	...
4 persons	460	...	...
5 or more persons	310	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,220	3,985	4,240
Average household size	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,065	3,360	3,705
Married or living common-law	4,105	2,050	2,055
Married	3,620	1,805	1,815
Living common-law	485	245	235
Living common law - Never married	415	210	205
Living common law - Separated	15	5	10
Living common law - Divorced	50	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	2,955	1,310	1,650
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,180	1,090	1,085
Not married and not living common law - Separated	160	65	95
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	370	120	250
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	245	30	215
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,400	...	...
2 persons	1,140	...	...
3 persons	655	...	...
4 persons	455	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,400	...	...
Total couple families	1,985	...	...
Married couples	1,745	...	...
With children⁶	1,045	...	...
Without children	705	...	...
Common-law couples	240	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...
Without children	185	...	...
Total one-parent families	415	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	340	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	70	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,225	3,985	4,240
Total - Persons in census families	6,865	3,365	3,495
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,975	1,990	1,980
Parents in one-parent families	415	70	345
Children⁶	2,475	1,305	1,175
In a two-parent family	1,855	975	875
In a one-parent family	620	325	295
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,360	620	740
Living alone	710	300	410
Living with other relatives⁷	255	90	165
Living with non-relatives only	395	230	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,115	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,925	...	...
Couple-family households	1,625	...	...
With children⁶	905	...	...
Without children	715	...	...
One-parent-family households	295	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	170	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	115	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	155	...	...
One-person households	710	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,060	3,360	3,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,805	3,250	3,560
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,600	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,810	3,250	3,560
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,945	2,895	3,045
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,175	2,580	2,590
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,200	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,735	2,585	3,155
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,550	6,200	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	750	320	430
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,240	1,060	1,175
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,500	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,060	3,355	3,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,720	3,225	3,495
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,880	55,550	42,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,730	3,225	3,505
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,360	47,080	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,825	2,870	2,955
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,120	53,650	38,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,170	2,605	2,565
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,080	53,300	40,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,690	2,570	3,120
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,520	9,750	11,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	780	370	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,840	5,740	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,095	1,155
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,990	9,940	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,060	3,360	3,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,500	1,360	1,135
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	71,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,700	78,300	61,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,130	1,005	1,125
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	16,600	20,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,160	27,800	26,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.8	86.0	76.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.2	77.6	70.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.2	14.0	23.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.2	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.2	7.1	9.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.8	6.1	7.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,060	3,355	3,705
Without total income	250	110	140
With total income	6,810	3,245	3,560
Under $10,000 (including loss)	755	315	445
$10,000 to $19,999	800	370	430
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060	455	600
$30,000 to $39,999	895	375	515
$40,000 to $49,999	745	320	425
$50,000 to $59,999	660	305	355
$60,000 to $69,999	470	235	240
$70,000 to $79,999	375	200	175
$80,000 to $89,999	275	185	95
$90,000 to $99,999	205	100	100
$100,000 and over	565	390	180
$100,000 to $149,999	430	280	150
$150,000 and over	140	110	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,060	3,355	3,705
Without after-tax income	250	110	140
With after-tax income	6,810	3,245	3,565
Under $10,000 (including loss)	770	315	450
$10,000 to $19,999	825	385	445
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	520	665
$30,000 to $39,999	995	420	575
$40,000 to $49,999	925	420	505
$50,000 to $59,999	645	310	340
$60,000 to $69,999	490	260	225
$70,000 to $79,999	325	195	130
$80,000 to $89,999	215	115	100
$90,000 to $99,999	155	95	55
$100,000 and over	270	200	70
$100,000 to $124,999	150	110	40
$125,000 and over	115	90	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,060	3,355	3,705
Without employment income	1,890	775	1,110
With employment income	5,175	2,580	2,595
Under $5,000 (including loss)	570	245	325
$5,000 to $9,999	445	195	245
$10,000 to $19,999	605	270	335
$20,000 to $29,999	435	195	235
$30,000 to $39,999	500	220	280
$40,000 to $49,999	515	240	270
$50,000 to $59,999	500	240	260
$60,000 to $69,999	385	205	185
$70,000 to $79,999	290	165	130
$80,000 to $89,999	255	170	85
$90,000 to $99,999	190	105	80
$100,000 and over	485	335	155
$100,000 to $124,999	260	160	95
$125,000 and over	230	170	55
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,060	3,360	3,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,590	3,140	3,450
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,600	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,605	3,145	3,460
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,870	2,865	3,005
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,600	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,245	2,610	2,635
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,410	1,815	2,600
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,840	960	2,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	380	160	215
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,040	6,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,060	3,355	3,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,490	3,130	3,360
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,640	51,350	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,500	3,135	3,365
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,360	43,320	33,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,760	2,860	2,895
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,640	52,800	38,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,290	2,665	2,625
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,520	53,100	39,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,335	1,770	2,570
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,210	5,485	6,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	455	215	245
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,320	5,040	7,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,060	3,360	3,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,485	1,360	1,120
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	63,200	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,300	72,400	56,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,050	955	1,095
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,400	30,200	28,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,120	38,000	30,750
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.8	94.0	86.6
Employment income (%)	84.8	88.0	81.2
Government transfers (%)	9.3	6.0	13.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,115	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	710	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,405	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,120	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	710	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,405	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,115	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	210	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	215	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	440	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,115	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,145	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	440	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	280	...	...
$150,000 and over	425	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,315	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	765	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	365	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,105	525	575
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	44,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	40,400	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,325	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,080	505	575
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,600	64,800	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,800	51,200	39,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,220	3,980	4,240
0 to 17 years	1,410	740	670
0 to 5 years	475	255	225
18 to 64 years	5,870	2,810	3,055
65 years and over	945	435	515
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	950	440	515
0 to 17 years	200	115	85
0 to 5 years	70	45	25
18 to 64 years	560	245	315
65 years and over	190	75	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.6	11.0	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	15.6	13.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	17.5	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.8	10.3
65 years and over (%)	20.0	18.0	21.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,225	3,985	4,240
0 to 17 years	1,405	740	670
0 to 5 years	475	255	225
18 to 64 years	5,865	2,810	3,055
65 years and over	950	430	515
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	580	280	295
0 to 17 years	100	60	40
0 to 5 years	35	20	10
18 to 64 years	405	185	215
65 years and over	75	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	7.1	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	8.4	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	9.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.7	7.0
65 years and over (%)	8.4	7.2	9.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,225	3,980	4,240
In bottom half of the distribution	3,875	1,830	2,045
In bottom decile	905	425	475
In second decile	785	365	420
In third decile	715	325	395
In fourth decile	675	320	350
In fifth decile	795	390	410
In top half of the distribution	4,345	2,150	2,195
In sixth decile	845	430	420
In seventh decile	935	450	485
In eighth decile	910	445	465
In ninth decile	945	460	480
In top decile	715	365	350
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,225	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.421	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.278	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,225	3,985	4,240
English only	7,305	3,565	3,740
French only	5	0	5
English and French	320	165	155
Neither English nor French	595	250	345
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,225	3,985	4,240
English	7,565	3,700	3,865
French	35	15	15
English and French	40	15	30
Neither English nor French	585	250	340
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,225	3,985	4,240
Single responses	7,520	3,640	3,885
Official languages	2,595	1,340	1,250
English	2,570	1,320	1,245
French	25	15	10
Non-official languages	4,925	2,300	2,630
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,925	2,300	2,630
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	50	55
Amharic	5	0	0
Arabic	85	45	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	55	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5
Vietnamese	120	55	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	790	340	450
Bikol	5	5	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Cebuano	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10
Ilocano	50	20	30
Indonesian	40	15	20
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	5	5	5
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	5
Pangasinan	0	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	635	280	355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	35	40
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	50	20	30
Telugu	15	10	10
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,360	670	685
Albanian	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	370	185	185
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	365	185	185
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5
Czech	10	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	20
Russian	155	80	75
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	145	70	70
Bosnian	35	15	20
Croatian	30	10	15
Serbian	70	35	30
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Slovak	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	5
German	15	10	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	610	290	320
Indo-Aryan languages	350	160	185
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15
Gujarati	25	10	15
Hindi	95	40	55
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	5
Nepali	10	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	65	85
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	260	130	130
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	15	15
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	10
Persian languages	210	100	110
Dari	85	35	45
Iranian Persian	80	40	40
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	50	25	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	170	160
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	105	60	45
Romanian	40	20	20
Spanish	180	90	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	65	20	45
Korean	170	80	90
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,110	980	1,130
Chinese languages	2,090	975	1,120
Hakka	10	5	10
Mandarin	1,095	500	595
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	80	45	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10
Yue (Cantonese)	880	410	465
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	5	0	5
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10
Uyghur	5	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	700	345	355
English and French	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	585	295	295
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	80	35	40
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,225	3,985	4,240
English	2,880	1,470	1,415
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,680	775	905
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,680	775	905
English and French	40	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	3,340	1,590	1,750
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25
Multiple non-official languages	225	100	125
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,225	3,985	4,240
Single responses	7,385	3,565	3,820
Official languages	4,065	2,045	2,025
English	4,055	2,035	2,020
French	10	5	5
Non-official languages	3,315	1,525	1,790
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,315	1,525	1,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	30	35
Amharic	0	0	5
Arabic	55	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	40	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	480	200	275
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Cebuano	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10
Ilocano	25	5	15
Indonesian	20	10	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	5	5	5
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	395	165	225
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	25	30
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	45	20	25
Telugu	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	810	390	420
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	245	125	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	245	125	120
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10
Russian	125	65	60
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	80	40	45
Bosnian	25	15	15
Croatian	10	5	5
Serbian	40	15	20
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	380	180	200
Indo-Aryan languages	205	95	110
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10
Gujarati	20	5	15
Hindi	50	25	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5
Nepali	5	5	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	35	50
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	170	85	85
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10
Parsi	5	5	0
Pashto	10	5	5
Persian languages	135	65	70
Dari	55	25	30
Iranian Persian	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	15	15
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	85	95
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	45	35
Romanian	15	10	10
Spanish	80	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20
Korean	125	50	70
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,595	730	865
Chinese languages	1,575	725	855
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	855	400	455
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10
Yue (Cantonese)	665	305	365
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	5	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10
Uyghur	5	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	840	415	425
English and French	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	785	390	390
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	30
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,225	3,985	4,240
None	5,215	2,575	2,645
English	1,245	570	680
French	45	20	25
Non-official language	1,330	635	695
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,330	635	695
English and French	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	205	100	105
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	140	65	75
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,225	3,985	4,240
Official languages	7,605	3,730	3,880
English	7,605	3,730	3,880
French	390	200	185
Non-official languages	6,090	2,850	3,240
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,090	2,850	3,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	130	110
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	130	110
Amharic	15	0	10
Arabic	215	115	105
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	100	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10
Vietnamese	210	100	110
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,110	455	660
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	15
Ilocano	100	35	60
Indonesian	50	25	25
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,045	425	620
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	20	10
Tamil	90	35	50
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,865	940	930
Albanian	15	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	440	225	215
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	435	220	215
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10
Russian	210	100	115
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	175	90	85
Bosnian	55	30	25
Croatian	45	25	20
Serbian	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	50	30	20
German	50	30	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	890	465	430
Indo-Aryan languages	545	285	265
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	30
Hindi	305	160	150
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	15
Nepali	15	0	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	120	135
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	20	10
Urdu	20	20	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	350	185	165
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	95	40	60
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	55	25	30
Persian languages	230	135	90
Dari	75	40	40
Iranian Persian	125	80	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	25	20	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	485	215	270
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20
Portuguese	135	65	70
Romanian	60	30	30
Spanish	290	120	170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	125	50	75
Korean	210	90	115
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	45	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,415	1,125	1,290
Chinese languages	2,380	1,110	1,275
Hakka	10	0	10
Mandarin	1,615	740	875
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	180	95	80
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	15
Yue (Cantonese)	1,235	585	655
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	20	20
Burmese	10	0	10
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	55	30	25
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,225	3,980	4,240
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	105	55	50
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	100	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	70	25	40
Métis	30	20	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,115	3,925	4,190
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,225	3,980	4,240
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,200	3,970	4,230
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,115	...	...
Owner	1,910	...	...
Renter	1,205	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,115	...	...
Condominium	1,685	...	...
Not condominium	1,435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,115	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	815	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,095	...	...
3 bedrooms	860	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,115	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,055	...	...
5 rooms	495	...	...
6 rooms	240	...	...
7 rooms	130	...	...
8 or more rooms	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,115	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,845	...	...
More than one person per room	270	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,115	...	...
Suitable	2,705	...	...
Not suitable	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,115	...	...
1960 or before	115	...	...
1961 to 1980	220	...	...
1981 to 1990	305	...	...
1991 to 2000	785	...	...
2001 to 2005	315	...	...
2006 to 2010	405	...	...
2011 to 2015	670	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,115	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,975	...	...
Major repairs needed	140	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,115	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,460	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,370	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	290	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,115	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	580	...	...
35 to 44 years	625	...	...
45 to 54 years	665	...	...
55 to 64 years	635	...	...
65 to 74 years	405	...	...
75 to 84 years	130	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,105	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	810	...	...
30% to less than 100%	730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,115	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	675	...	...
Not suitable only	295	...	...
Major repairs needed only	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	100	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,905	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,020	...	...
In core need	570	...	...
Not in core need	2,455	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,910	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	74.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,770	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	680,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	804,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,464	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,225	3,985	4,240
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	25	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	15	15
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	80	45	40
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	80	45	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	30	40
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,090	3,910	4,180
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,220	3,985	4,240
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,400	3,185	3,215
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,270	670	600
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,130	2,515	2,620
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,825	795	1,025
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,220	3,985	4,240
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,875	1,525	1,350
Immigrants⁸¹	4,980	2,265	2,710
Before 1980	290	155	140
1980 to 1990	440	195	235
1991 to 2000	1,230	570	660
2001 to 2010	1,565	695	870
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,455	650	805
2011 to 2015	590	280	310
2016 to 2021	865	365	500
Non-permanent residents⁸³	370	190	180
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,975	2,265	2,715
Under 5 years	265	145	120
5 to 14 years	820	385	440
15 to 24 years	775	370	405
25 to 44 years	2,520	1,090	1,430
45 years and over	600	280	320
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,975	2,265	2,715
Americas	285	130	160
Brazil	65	25	45
Colombia	10	0	10
El Salvador	15	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	65	30	40
Peru	30	20	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	40	20	20
Other places of birth in Americas	50	30	20
Europe	485	260	225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	90	50	45
Croatia	15	0	10
France	10	10	0
Germany	10	10	0
Greece	10	0	0
Hungary	20	10	0
Italy	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	20	10	0
Romania	65	30	40
Russian Federation	90	45	45
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0
Ukraine	55	20	30
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	30	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20
Africa	200	110	90
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10
Egypt	20	10	0
Eritrea	35	20	10
Ethiopia	15	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	50	35
Asia	3,940	1,750	2,190
Afghanistan	75	45	30
Iran⁸⁸	110	70	45
Iraq	75	45	30
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	55	10	40
Turkey	20	20	0
China⁹⁰	1,140	480	660
Hong Kong⁹¹	320	140	185
Korea, South⁹²	140	60	80
Taiwan	215	125	95
Philippines	1,035	405	635
Viet Nam	135	60	70
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	280	150	130
Pakistan	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	75	30	45
Other places of birth in Asia	255	100	150
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65	20	45
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	865	370	500
Americas	90	35	55
Brazil	55	20	35
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	15
Europe	45	20	25
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20
Africa	20	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	15	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	710	300	410
Afghanistan	40	25	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	230	90	145
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	100	50	45
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	145	55	95
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	55	10	40
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,225	3,980	4,240
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,445	2,515	2,935
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,920	1,025	890
Third generation or more¹⁰²	860	445	410
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	4,690	2,110	2,580
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,660	1,235	1,425
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,150	600	545
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,510	635	875
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,230	465	765
Refugees¹⁰⁸	725	385	345
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	75	25	50
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	4,690	2,110	2,580
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	195	95	100
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	420	120	300
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	140	65	75
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	415	215	205
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,500	1,610	1,890
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,225	3,980	4,240
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	6,365	2,980	3,385
South Asian	680	340	340
Chinese	2,460	1,160	1,300
Black	315	165	150
Filipino	1,235	510	720
Arab	175	100	80
Latin American	190	75	115
Southeast Asian	290	135	155
West Asian	285	155	130
Korean	215	95	120
Japanese	80	35	45
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	115	55	55
Multiple visible minorities	335	160	170
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,850	1,000	850
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,220	3,985	4,240
Canadian	290	165	125
English	385	180	210
Irish	245	120	125
Scottish	285	115	165
French, n.o.s.¹²²	165	100	65
German	195	95	100
Chinese	2,275	1,055	1,220
Italian	125	55	70
Indian (India)	390	205	180
Ukrainian	200	105	95
Dutch	60	35	20
Polish	115	50	65
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	35	40
Filipino	1,140	480	660
French Canadian	25	20	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	50	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	60	20	35
Métis	30	25	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	40	35
Russian	160	100	60
Norwegian	70	40	25
Welsh	10	0	0
Portuguese	95	55	40
American	50	30	20
Spanish	165	75	90
Swedish	60	25	35
Hungarian	70	40	35
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	15	20
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	100	50	60
Jewish	35	20	20
Punjabi	145	60	85
Vietnamese	240	120	120
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	80	60	20
Greek	25	15	15
Jamaican	20	10	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	345	170	180
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	215	90	120
Romanian	85	40	45
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	130	85	50
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	25	20
Danish	20	0	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	10
Sikh	35	15	15
Austrian	40	20	15
Belgian	25	20	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	10	10	0
Mexican	65	20	50
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	45	25	25
Croatian	40	15	20
Japanese	90	45	45
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	50	25	20
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	0	20
Muslim	10	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	15
Tamil	30	10	20
Icelandic	25	15	10
Colombian	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	120	60	60
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	60	35	25
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	80	40	40
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	45	30	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	30	30	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	20	45
Nigerian	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	230	130	95
Iraqi	40	20	15
Salvadorean	25	0	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	40	25	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	10	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10
Peruvian	20	20	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	0	20
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	85	35	45
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	20	25
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	20	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	20	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	20	25
Fijian	45	20	30
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	20	10
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	0
Buddhist	10	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	15	10	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	15	15	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,225	3,980	4,240
Buddhist	365	200	165
Christian	3,185	1,400	1,790
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	745	330	420
Anabaptist	25	15	10
Anglican	45	20	25
Baptist	115	35	85
Catholic	1,525	685	840
Christian Orthodox	160	80	85
Jehovah's Witness	50	15	40
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	40	25	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	15
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	30	65
Presbyterian	40	20	20
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	45	15	35
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	245	120	120
Hindu	200	95	105
Jewish	15	15	0
Muslim	495	275	220
Sikh	245	115	130
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	40	40
No religion and secular perspectives	3,630	1,845	1,785
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,155	3,945	4,205
Non-movers	7,095	3,435	3,660
Movers	1,060	510	550
Non-migrants	505	240	265
Migrants	555	270	290
Internal migrants	410	205	205
Intraprovincial migrants	380	190	190
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15
External migrants	150	65	85
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,850	3,790	4,060
Non-movers	4,570	2,200	2,370
Movers	3,280	1,590	1,685
Non-migrants	1,150	560	595
Migrants	2,130	1,030	1,100
Internal migrants	1,340	660	675
Intraprovincial migrants	1,150	560	590
Interprovincial migrants	185	100	90
External migrants	790	370	420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,060	3,360	3,700
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,000	415	585
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,060	2,945	3,115
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,140	2,450	2,685
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	440	200	235
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,700	2,250	2,450
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,060	3,355	3,700
No certificate, diploma or degree	930	370	560
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,785	920	865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,350	2,065	2,280
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,675	795	880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	335	200	135
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	190	95	95
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	145	105	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,050	450	610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	145	140
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670	1,275	1,400
Bachelor's degree	1,810	840	970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	95	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	10	30
Master's degree	570	290	280
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	40	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,135	2,450	2,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	390	175	215
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,110	565	545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,635	1,710	1,930
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,275	600	675
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	210	120	90
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	65	65
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	55	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	835	365	475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	120	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,360	1,110	1,250
Bachelor's degree	1,560	715	845
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	85	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	0	30
Master's degree	540	275	265
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,060	3,355	3,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,710	1,295	1,425
Education	145	30	115
13. Education	145	30	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	90	110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	165	60	105
Humanities	270	100	175
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	75	15	65
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	35	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10
54. History	40	20	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	490	185	300
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	30	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	85	25	55
45. Social sciences	195	105	90
Business, management and public administration	1,020	425	590
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	985	415	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220	115	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	40	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	60	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	220	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	200	100
25. Library science	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	805	660	150
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	15
14. Engineering	485	365	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	115	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0
48. Precision production	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	10	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15
Health and related fields	620	135	485
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	575	105	470
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	95	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	55	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	25	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,135	2,450	2,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,500	735	760
Education	110	25	95
13. Education	110	25	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	70	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	55	85
Humanities	215	80	135
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	25	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0
54. History	25	15	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	440	160	280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	75	15	60
45. Social sciences	180	90	85
Business, management and public administration	860	345	510
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830	335	495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	90	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	55	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305	195	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	185	80
25. Library science	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	695	555	140
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10
14. Engineering	445	335	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115	105	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	50	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	10	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10
Health and related fields	515	115	400
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	480	90	390
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	70	85
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	40	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	15	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,135	2,450	2,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,500	735	760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,640	1,710	1,930
Location of study inside Canada	2,040	980	1,065
Same as province or territory of residence	1,790	830	960
Different than province or territory of residence	260	155	105
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,595	730	865
Americas	225	115	110
United States of America	90	60	30
Mexico	35	0	25
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	75	35	45
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0
Europe	235	130	105
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	40	20	20
Russian Federation	60	35	25
Ukraine	20	20	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	20	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	10	15
Africa	20	10	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10
Asia	1,085	470	615
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	15
Iraq	10	10	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	280	110	165
Taiwan	55	20	40
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	15	20
Japan	20	0	20
Korea, South⁹²	45	10	30
Philippines	450	195	255
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	110	55	55
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	30	20	10
Oceania	25	0	10
Australia	15	0	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,060	3,355	3,700
In the labour force	4,900	2,505	2,395
Employed	4,380	2,250	2,130
Unemployed	520	255	265
Not in the labour force	2,160	850	1,310
Participation rate	69.4	74.7	64.7
Employment rate	62.0	67.1	57.6
Unemployment rate	10.6	10.2	11.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,060	3,355	3,705
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,240	885	1,350
Worked	4,820	2,475	2,350
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,545	1,400	1,150
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,275	1,070	1,200
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.7	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,900	2,510	2,395
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,760	2,450	2,315
Employee	4,280	2,145	2,135
Permanent position	3,590	1,810	1,785
Temporary position	695	340	355
Fixed term (1 year or more)	255	130	125
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	435	210	230
Self-employed¹⁹²	475	300	180
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,900	2,510	2,395
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,760	2,450	2,315
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,010	310	700
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	705	525	175
3 Health occupations	375	80	290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	425	125	300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	115	60
6 Sales and service occupations	1,265	620	650
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	575	515	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	15	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	125	60
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,900	2,510	2,395
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	80
All industries¹⁹¹	4,760	2,450	2,315
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	15	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0
22 Utilities	50	45	0
23 Construction	315	255	60
31-33 Manufacturing	315	200	115
41 Wholesale trade	155	100	55
44-45 Retail trade	515	245	275
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	250	185	70
51 Information and cultural industries	270	195	75
52 Finance and insurance	205	85	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95	50	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	535	350	185
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	185	105	75
61 Educational services	290	95	190
62 Health care and social assistance	655	110	540
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	45	15
72 Accommodation and food services	420	205	220
81 Other services (except public administration)	180	60	125
91 Public administration	195	70	120
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,155	2,645	2,505
English	4,465	2,295	2,175
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	215	120	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	215	120	90
English and French	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	425	200	230
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,155	2,645	2,505
Single responses	5,065	2,605	2,460
Official languages	4,710	2,410	2,300
English	4,710	2,410	2,300
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	355	195	160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	355	195	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	290	150	135
Chinese languages	290	150	135
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	80	65
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	145	70	70
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	90	40	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,155	2,645	2,505
None	4,745	2,450	2,305
English	95	50	45
French	15	10	0
Non-official language	215	105	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	215	105	115
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,385	2,250	2,135
Worked at home	1,170	620	550
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	410	300	115
Usual place of work	2,795	1,330	1,460
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,795	1,330	1,465
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	980	455	520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,785	845	940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	20	0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,205	1,630	1,580
Car, truck or van	2,030	1,125	905
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,820	1,065	755
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	205	55	145
Public transit	980	420	555
Walked	110	45	70
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	95	45	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,205	1,630	1,580
Less than 15 minutes	440	200	240
15 to 29 minutes	1,025	525	500
30 to 44 minutes	1,035	550	485
45 to 59 minutes	405	200	210
60 minutes and over	305	155	155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,205	1,630	1,580
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	170	110	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	510	265	240
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	630	320	310
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	760	350	400
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	630	305	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	510	280	230
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,445	755	685
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	45	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,365	710	650
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,015	530	480
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	945	500	450

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table