Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	AllistonMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	23,253	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,092^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	21.8	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,968	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,739	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,238.3	...	...	1,238.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.78	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	23,250	11,245	12,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,420	2,220	2,200	19.0	19.7	18.3
0 to 4 years	1,425	700	720	6.1	6.2	6.0
5 to 9 years	1,505	755	750	6.5	6.7	6.2
10 to 14 years	1,490	765	730	6.4	6.8	6.1
15 to 64 years	13,945	6,895	7,055	60.0	61.3	58.7
15 to 19 years	1,245	615	630	5.4	5.5	5.2
20 to 24 years	1,065	575	485	4.6	5.1	4.0
25 to 29 years	1,215	625	595	5.2	5.6	5.0
30 to 34 years	1,610	770	845	6.9	6.8	7.0
35 to 39 years	1,795	910	880	7.7	8.1	7.3
40 to 44 years	1,475	720	760	6.3	6.4	6.3
45 to 49 years	1,395	675	715	6.0	6.0	6.0
50 to 54 years	1,385	710	675	6.0	6.3	5.6
55 to 59 years	1,425	675	745	6.1	6.0	6.2
60 to 64 years	1,330	620	715	5.7	5.5	6.0
65 years and over	4,880	2,130	2,755	21.0	18.9	22.9
65 to 69 years	1,205	530	675	5.2	4.7	5.6
70 to 74 years	1,285	550	735	5.5	4.9	6.1
75 to 79 years	1,020	445	575	4.4	4.0	4.8
80 to 84 years	745	350	395	3.2	3.1	3.3
85 years and over	620	255	365	2.7	2.3	3.0
85 to 89 years	430	185	245	1.8	1.6	2.0
90 to 94 years	145	60	85	0.6	0.5	0.7
95 to 99 years	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.7	18.3	19.0	19.7	18.3
15 to 64 years	60.0	61.3	58.7	60.0	61.3	58.7
65 years and over	21.0	18.9	22.9	21.0	18.9	22.9
85 years and over	2.7	2.3	3.0	2.7	2.3	3.0
Average age of the population	41.7	40.5	42.8	41.7	40.5	42.8
Median age of the population	40.8	39.2	42.4	40.8	39.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,430	...	...	62.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	755	...	...	8.6	...	...
Row house	1,045	...	...	12.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	325	...	...	3.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,045	...	...	12.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,025	...	...	23.2	...	...
2 persons	2,995	...	...	34.3	...	...
3 persons	1,365	...	...	15.6	...	...
4 persons	1,415	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 or more persons	935	...	...	10.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,955	11,140	11,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,830	9,025	9,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,450	5,725	5,730	60.8	63.4	58.4
Married	9,420	4,710	4,710	50.0	52.2	48.0
Living common-law	2,030	1,010	1,015	10.8	11.2	10.3
Living common law - Never married	1,365	685	680	7.2	7.6	6.9
Living common law - Separated	140	75	70	0.7	0.8	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	440	210	230	2.3	2.3	2.3
Living common law - Widowed	85	40	40	0.5	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	7,380	3,300	4,080	39.2	36.6	41.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,425	2,440	1,985	23.5	27.0	20.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	645	240	400	3.4	2.7	4.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,080	370	710	5.7	4.1	7.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,235	250	990	6.6	2.8	10.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,350	...	...	49.6	...	...
3 persons	1,400	...	...	20.7	...	...
4 persons	1,405	...	...	20.8	...	...
5 or more persons	600	...	...	8.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,625	...	...	83.3	...	...
Married couples	4,610	...	...	68.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,410	...	...	35.7	...	...
Without children	2,200	...	...	32.6	...	...
Common-law couples	1,015	...	...	15.0	...	...
With children⁶	480	...	...	7.1	...	...
Without children	535	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,125	...	...	16.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	885	...	...	13.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	240	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	22,955	11,140	11,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	19,705	9,685	10,020	85.8	86.9	84.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,250	5,620	5,630	49.0	50.4	47.7
Parents in one-parent families	1,125	245	880	4.9	2.2	7.4
Children⁶	7,325	3,820	3,510	31.9	34.3	29.7
In a two-parent family	5,480	2,830	2,650	23.9	25.4	22.4
In a one-parent family	1,850	995	855	8.1	8.9	7.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,250	1,460	1,790	14.2	13.1	15.2
Living alone	2,025	820	1,200	8.8	7.4	10.2
Living with other relatives⁷	585	245	345	2.5	2.2	2.9
Living with non-relatives only	640	395	245	2.8	3.5	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,700	...	...	65.2	...	...
Couple-family households	4,910	...	...	56.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,515	...	...	28.8	...	...
Without children	2,395	...	...	27.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	790	...	...	9.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	370	...	...	4.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	315	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	255	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	2,025	...	...	23.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,545	8,930	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,955	8,645	9,305	96.8	96.8	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	53,600	38,400	44,800	53,600	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,985	8,665	9,320	97.0	97.0	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,800	35,200	40,400	46,800	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,245	8,070	8,170	87.6	90.4	85.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	49,600	28,800	38,000	49,600	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,865	6,760	6,105	69.4	75.7	63.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	50,000	31,600	40,400	50,000	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,385	7,710	8,670	88.4	86.3	90.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	7,000	12,600	10,200	7,000	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,870	780	1,090	10.1	8.7	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,600	6,000	5,840	5,600	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,170	2,455	2,715	27.9	27.5	28.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,550	8,000	8,000	6,550	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,525	8,905	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,975	8,595	9,380	97.0	96.5	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,350	60,800	44,640	52,350	60,800	44,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,980	8,605	9,380	97.1	96.6	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,240	50,520	38,520	44,240	50,520	38,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,235	8,030	8,200	87.6	90.2	85.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,760	56,100	37,680	46,760	56,100	37,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,880	6,705	6,175	69.5	75.3	64.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,000	54,900	38,400	47,000	54,900	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,290	7,605	8,685	87.9	85.4	90.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,170	9,460	12,660	11,170	9,460	12,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,830	760	1,065	9.9	8.5	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,890	5,970	7,540	6,890	5,970	7,540
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,420	2,650	27.4	27.2	27.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,420	8,100	8,700	8,420	8,100	8,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,520	8,905	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,355	3,650	2,705	34.3	41.0	28.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	73,000	56,400	64,500	73,000	56,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,600	76,200	60,650	69,600	76,200	60,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,870	2,180	2,685	26.3	24.5	27.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	24,800	17,000	19,800	24,800	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,880	34,200	22,740	27,880	34,200	22,740
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.6	86.2	73.8	80.6	86.2	73.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.4	70.4	56.6	64.4	70.4	56.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.3	13.8	26.3	19.3	13.8	26.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	1.9	1.3	0.9	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.1	6.6	5.3	4.1	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	3.8	5.5	4.5	3.8	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,545	8,925	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	590	280	305	3.2	3.1	3.2
With total income	17,955	8,645	9,310	96.8	96.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,170	440	725	6.5	5.1	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,945	715	1,235	10.8	8.3	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,495	950	1,540	13.9	11.0	16.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,275	915	1,365	12.7	10.6	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,115	940	1,175	11.8	10.9	12.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,835	895	945	10.2	10.4	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,515	770	745	8.4	8.9	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,240	715	520	6.9	8.3	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	920	600	320	5.1	6.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	700	460	240	3.9	5.3	2.6
$100,000 and over	1,740	1,240	500	9.7	14.3	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,355	955	400	7.5	11.0	4.3
$150,000 and over	385	285	100	2.1	3.3	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,545	8,925	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	560	265	290	3.0	3.0	3.0
With after-tax income	17,990	8,665	9,320	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,290	480	810	7.2	5.5	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,035	750	1,290	11.3	8.7	13.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,865	1,100	1,765	15.9	12.7	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,735	1,170	1,565	15.2	13.5	16.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,550	1,220	1,330	14.2	14.1	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,040	1,045	990	11.3	12.1	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,535	905	630	8.5	10.4	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	725	385	6.1	8.4	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	750	500	250	4.2	5.8	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	430	290	140	2.4	3.3	1.5
$100,000 and over	655	485	170	3.6	5.6	1.8
$100,000 to $124,999	370	285	85	2.1	3.3	0.9
$125,000 and over	280	195	85	1.6	2.3	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,545	8,925	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,680	2,170	3,510	30.6	24.3	36.5
With employment income	12,865	6,755	6,110	69.4	75.7	63.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,750	805	945	13.6	11.9	15.5
$5,000 to $9,999	1,000	410	595	7.8	6.1	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,435	600	830	11.2	8.9	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,095	505	590	8.5	7.5	9.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,125	510	620	8.7	7.5	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,180	535	645	9.2	7.9	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,095	590	505	8.5	8.7	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	900	515	390	7.0	7.6	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	805	520	285	6.3	7.7	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	640	445	195	5.0	6.6	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	530	350	175	4.1	5.2	2.9
$100,000 and over	1,310	980	330	10.2	14.5	5.4
$100,000 to $124,999	775	565	205	6.0	8.4	3.4
$125,000 and over	535	415	120	4.2	6.1	2.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,545	8,930	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,700	8,505	9,190	95.4	95.2	95.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	53,200	36,400	43,600	53,200	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,700	8,505	9,195	95.4	95.2	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	33,200	38,800	46,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,125	7,985	8,135	87.0	89.4	84.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	50,400	31,200	40,000	50,400	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,895	6,760	6,135	69.5	75.7	63.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,800	34,000	42,000	50,800	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,515	7,255	8,260	83.7	81.2	85.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,720	1,170	8,000	4,720	1,170	8,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,410	570	840	7.6	6.4	8.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,680	6,200	6,000	5,680	6,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,525	8,905	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,670	8,420	9,255	95.4	94.6	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,200	58,800	42,400	50,200	58,800	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,670	8,420	9,255	95.4	94.6	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	48,560	36,760	42,360	48,560	36,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,075	7,940	8,135	86.8	89.2	84.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,400	56,350	38,640	47,400	56,350	38,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,840	6,680	6,160	69.3	75.0	64.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,280	55,000	38,960	47,280	55,000	38,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,420	7,145	8,275	83.2	80.2	86.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,160	6,670	9,440	8,160	6,670	9,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,435	610	825	7.7	6.9	8.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,530	6,120	8,580	7,530	6,120	8,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,520	8,905	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,305	3,625	2,685	34.0	40.7	27.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	70,500	52,400	61,600	70,500	52,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,100	73,100	56,600	66,100	73,100	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,590	2,075	2,520	24.8	23.3	26.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	32,000	22,600	26,000	32,000	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,920	39,120	27,760	32,920	39,120	27,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.8	90.4	80.0	85.8	90.4	80.0
Employment income (%)	68.4	74.2	61.2	68.4	74.2	61.2
Government transfers (%)	14.2	9.6	19.9	14.2	9.6	19.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.8	1.8	1.2	0.8	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	49,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,800	...	...	42,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,600	...	...	107,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,160	...	...	49,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,705	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,500	...	...	122,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,700	...	...	103,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	180	...	...	2.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	2.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...	2.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	6.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	610	...	...	7.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	600	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	615	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,245	...	...	48.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,350	...	...	15.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,065	...	...	12.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,080	...	...	12.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	745	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	2.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	250	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	230	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	3.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	320	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	290	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	710	...	...	8.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	735	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	750	...	...	8.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	770	...	...	8.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	695	...	...	8.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,290	...	...	37.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,420	...	...	16.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	845	...	...	9.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,025	...	...	11.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,665	1,220	1,450	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	51,200	42,400	45,200	51,200	42,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	44,000	38,400	40,400	44,000	38,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,800	...	...	121,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,900	...	...	102,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,200	...	...	107,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,400	...	...	142,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,900	...	...	120,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	91,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,665	1,195	1,470	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,050	56,900	51,700	54,050	56,900	51,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,800	47,300	44,640	45,800	47,300	44,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	22,955	11,145	11,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,205	2,610	2,600	22.7	23.4	22.0
0 to 5 years	1,730	870	860	7.5	7.8	7.3
18 to 64 years	13,100	6,475	6,625	57.1	58.1	56.1
65 years and over	4,650	2,060	2,590	20.3	18.5	21.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,360	585	775	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	380	185	200	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	155	75	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	675	305	370	...	...	...
65 years and over	305	90	210	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.9	5.2	6.6	5.9	5.2	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.3	7.1	7.6	7.3	7.1	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	8.8	9.2	8.8	8.8	9.2
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	4.7	5.6	5.2	4.7	5.6
65 years and over (%)	6.5	4.5	8.1	6.5	4.5	8.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	22,955	11,140	11,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,205	2,610	2,595	22.7	23.4	22.0
0 to 5 years	1,730	870	860	7.5	7.8	7.3
18 to 64 years	13,100	6,475	6,625	57.1	58.1	56.1
65 years and over	4,650	2,060	2,590	20.3	18.5	21.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	415	215	200	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	35	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	305	170	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	1.8	2.4	2.0	1.8	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.3	2.6	2.0	2.3	2.6	2.0
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.6	1.1	0.9	0.6	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	22,955	11,145	11,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,355	4,855	5,495	45.1	43.6	46.5
In bottom decile	1,210	570	640	5.3	5.1	5.4
In second decile	1,800	790	1,010	7.8	7.1	8.6
In third decile	2,100	965	1,130	9.1	8.7	9.6
In fourth decile	2,545	1,230	1,310	11.1	11.0	11.1
In fifth decile	2,690	1,295	1,400	11.7	11.6	11.9
In top half of the distribution	12,600	6,290	6,310	54.9	56.4	53.4
In sixth decile	2,640	1,275	1,365	11.5	11.4	11.6
In seventh decile	2,865	1,420	1,445	12.5	12.7	12.2
In eighth decile	2,865	1,430	1,445	12.5	12.8	12.2
In ninth decile	2,605	1,335	1,270	11.3	12.0	10.8
In top decile	1,625	835	790	7.1	7.5	6.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	22,955	...	...	22,955	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.374	...	...	0.374	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.237	...	...	0.237	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	23,060	11,180	11,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	21,695	10,590	11,105	94.1	94.7	93.4
French only	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,175	530	650	5.1	4.7	5.5
Neither English nor French	185	65	120	0.8	0.6	1.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	23,060	11,180	11,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	22,605	10,990	11,615	98.0	98.3	97.7
French	245	115	130	1.1	1.0	1.1
English and French	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	180	65	120	0.8	0.6	1.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	23,060	11,180	11,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,380	10,845	11,535	97.1	97.0	97.1
Official languages	18,975	9,190	9,780	82.3	82.2	82.3
English	18,710	9,065	9,645	81.1	81.1	81.2
French	265	125	135	1.1	1.1	1.1
Non-official languages	3,405	1,655	1,750	14.8	14.8	14.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,410	1,655	1,755	14.8	14.8	14.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	295	160	140	1.3	1.4	1.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	295	155	140	1.3	1.4	1.2
Amharic	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	175	85	85	0.8	0.8	0.7
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	150	75	70	0.7	0.7	0.6
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	135	50	85	0.6	0.4	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	45	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	240	120	115	1.0	1.1	1.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	215	110	110	0.9	1.0	0.9
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,285	1,115	1,170	9.9	10.0	9.8
Albanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	155	195	1.5	1.4	1.6
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	350	160	190	1.5	1.4	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Polish	140	65	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Russian	100	55	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	275	130	140	1.2	1.2	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	170	85	90	0.7	0.8	0.8
German	165	85	85	0.7	0.8	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	70	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	500	255	245	2.2	2.3	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	410	220	195	1.8	2.0	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	120	105	1.0	1.1	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	90	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Dari	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian Persian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,110	550	560	4.8	4.9	4.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	390	200	190	1.7	1.8	1.6
Portuguese	260	135	125	1.1	1.2	1.1
Romanian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Spanish	430	200	235	1.9	1.8	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	85	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	680	335	350	2.9	3.0	2.9
English and French	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	550	270	280	2.4	2.4	2.4
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	23,060	11,180	11,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,555	9,470	10,085	84.8	84.7	84.9
French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	760	370	390	3.3	3.3	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	760	370	390	3.3	3.3	3.3
English and French	185	90	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	2,420	1,180	1,240	10.5	10.6	10.4
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	23,060	11,180	11,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,545	10,930	11,615	97.8	97.8	97.7
Official languages	21,020	10,190	10,830	91.2	91.1	91.1
English	20,965	10,160	10,805	90.9	90.9	90.9
French	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	1,525	740	785	6.6	6.6	6.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,525	740	785	6.6	6.6	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	95	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	180	95	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Amharic	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	115	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	90	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	155	80	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	145	65	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	875	425	450	3.8	3.8	3.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	140	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	350	180	175	1.5	1.6	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	305	155	140	1.3	1.4	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	85	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	360	165	195	1.6	1.5	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	80	40	45	0.3	0.4	0.4
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	210	95	115	0.9	0.8	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	520	255	265	2.3	2.3	2.2
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	485	240	240	2.1	2.1	2.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	23,065	11,180	11,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,795	10,075	10,720	90.2	90.1	90.2
English	650	315	330	2.8	2.8	2.8
French	150	75	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Non-official language	1,245	605	635	5.4	5.4	5.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,245	605	640	5.4	5.4	5.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	22,945	11,120	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,730	11,065	11,670	99.1	99.5	98.7
English	22,730	11,065	11,670	99.1	99.5	98.7
French	1,180	525	650	5.1	4.7	5.5
Non-official languages	4,780	2,360	2,420	20.8	21.2	20.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,780	2,360	2,420	20.8	21.2	20.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	375	165	215	1.6	1.5	1.8
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	370	165	210	1.6	1.5	1.8
Amharic	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arabic	250	125	125	1.1	1.1	1.1
Aramaic languages	140	60	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	90	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	95	85	0.8	0.9	0.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	150	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	130	50	80	0.6	0.4	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	50	80	0.6	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	90	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Dravidian languages	340	185	155	1.5	1.7	1.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	315	170	145	1.4	1.5	1.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,285	1,630	1,655	14.3	14.7	14.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	440	195	250	1.9	1.8	2.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	440	195	250	1.9	1.8	2.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	250	110	145	1.1	1.0	1.2
Russian	115	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	135	160	1.3	1.2	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	205	100	105	0.9	0.9	0.9
German	205	100	105	0.9	0.9	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	80	40	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	695	400	300	3.0	3.6	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	555	325	230	2.4	2.9	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindi	215	120	90	0.9	1.1	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	275	165	110	1.2	1.5	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Urdu	165	105	65	0.7	0.9	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	180	105	80	0.8	0.9	0.7
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	25	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	145	80	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
Dari	120	70	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Iranian Persian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,795	895	900	7.8	8.0	7.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	705	390	315	3.1	3.5	2.7
Portuguese	480	225	250	2.1	2.0	2.1
Romanian	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Spanish	680	320	365	3.0	2.9	3.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	130	65	60	0.6	0.6	0.5
Akan (Twi)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese languages	125	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Lao	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	85	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	70	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	20	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,945	11,125	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	405	190	215	1.8	1.7	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	375	175	195	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	110	120	1.0	1.0	1.0
Métis	140	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	22,540	10,930	11,610	98.2	98.2	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,945	11,125	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	105	65	40	0.5	0.6	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,835	11,060	11,780	99.5	99.4	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,035	...	...	80.4	...	...
Renter	1,710	...	...	19.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,050	...	...	23.4	...	...
Not condominium	6,695	...	...	76.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	630	...	...	7.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,955	...	...	22.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,725	...	...	42.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,410	...	...	27.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,510	...	...	17.3	...	...
5 rooms	1,320	...	...	15.1	...	...
6 rooms	1,630	...	...	18.6	...	...
7 rooms	1,430	...	...	16.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,850	...	...	32.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,605	...	...	98.3	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,370	...	...	95.7	...	...
Not suitable	375	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	860	...	...	9.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,395	...	...	15.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	890	...	...	10.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,170	...	...	13.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	675	...	...	7.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,080	...	...	12.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,400	...	...	16.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,280	...	...	14.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,470	...	...	96.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	285	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,830	...	...	43.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,490	...	...	51.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	425	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	95	...	...	1.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	975	...	...	11.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,655	...	...	18.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,630	...	...	18.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,575	...	...	18.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,330	...	...	15.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,105	...	...	12.6	...	...
85 years and over	385	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,695	...	...	76.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,035	...	...	23.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,915	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,495	...	...	28.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,855	...	...	21.2	...	...
Not suitable only	275	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	180	...	...	2.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	90	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,255	...	...	71.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,170	...	...	13.6	...	...
Not in core need	7,440	...	...	86.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,035	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.1	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.1	...	...	19.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,702	...	...	1,702	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	716,000	...	...	716,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,715	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.5	...	...	40.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	32.8	...	...	32.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,452	...	...	1,452	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	22,940	11,120	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	105	65	40	0.5	0.6	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	75	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Métis single ancestry	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	450	185	270	2.0	1.7	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	445	185	260	1.9	1.7	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	350	140	215	1.5	1.3	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	22,370	10,875	11,495	97.5	97.8	97.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	22,940	11,120	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	21,960	10,615	11,345	95.7	95.5	96.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,090	2,565	2,525	22.2	23.1	21.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,865	8,055	8,820	73.5	72.4	74.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	985	505	480	4.3	4.5	4.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	22,940	11,120	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,370	8,910	9,460	80.1	80.1	80.0
Immigrants⁸¹	4,455	2,145	2,310	19.4	19.3	19.5
Before 1980	1,345	660	685	5.9	5.9	5.8
1980 to 1990	705	335	360	3.1	3.0	3.0
1991 to 2000	770	365	405	3.4	3.3	3.4
2001 to 2010	850	370	480	3.7	3.3	4.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	795	410	380	3.5	3.7	3.2
2011 to 2015	365	180	185	1.6	1.6	1.6
2016 to 2021	425	235	200	1.9	2.1	1.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	115	65	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,455	2,145	2,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	475	235	245	10.7	11.0	10.6
5 to 14 years	980	470	505	22.0	21.9	21.9
15 to 24 years	1,110	535	580	24.9	24.9	25.1
25 to 44 years	1,620	775	845	36.4	36.1	36.6
45 years and over	270	130	140	6.1	6.1	6.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,455	2,145	2,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,035	425	610	23.2	19.8	26.4
Brazil	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.9
Colombia	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.1
El Salvador	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Guyana	135	60	75	3.0	2.8	3.2
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	295	95	200	6.6	4.4	8.7
Mexico	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
Peru	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.4
Trinidad and Tobago	50	25	25	1.1	1.2	1.1
United States of America	110	55	55	2.5	2.6	2.4
Other places of birth in Americas	305	135	170	6.8	6.3	7.4
Europe	1,755	870	885	39.4	40.6	38.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
France	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Germany	100	50	55	2.2	2.3	2.4
Greece	40	20	20	0.9	0.9	0.9
Hungary	15	10	10	0.3	0.5	0.4
Italy	255	130	120	5.7	6.1	5.2
Netherlands	45	25	15	1.0	1.2	0.6
Poland	135	55	80	3.0	2.6	3.5
Portugal	185	115	70	4.2	5.4	3.0
Romania	50	25	20	1.1	1.2	0.9
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.6
Serbia⁸⁶	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	650	305	340	14.6	14.2	14.7
Other places of birth in Europe	175	90	90	3.9	4.2	3.9
Africa	180	85	95	4.0	4.0	4.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	60	25	35	1.3	1.2	1.5
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	1.2	1.6	1.1
Asia	1,485	770	720	33.3	35.9	31.2
Afghanistan	95	65	30	2.1	3.0	1.3
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.4
Iraq	200	115	90	4.5	5.4	3.9
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	65	35	35	1.5	1.6	1.5
Turkey	35	30	10	0.8	1.4	0.4
China⁹⁰	55	25	25	1.2	1.2	1.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	15	0.4	0.5	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	105	45	65	2.4	2.1	2.8
Viet Nam	110	45	70	2.5	2.1	3.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	280	140	140	6.3	6.5	6.1
Pakistan	95	50	45	2.1	2.3	1.9
Sri Lanka	180	95	90	4.0	4.4	3.9
Other places of birth in Asia	170	85	85	3.8	4.0	3.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	430	230	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	95	45	50	22.1	19.6	25.6
Brazil	15	0	15	3.5	0.0	7.7
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	10	3.5	4.3	5.1
Mexico	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	15	4.7	4.3	7.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	10	7.0	8.7	5.1
Europe	70	50	25	16.3	21.7	12.8
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	2.3	4.3	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	3.5	6.5	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	15	9.3	8.7	7.7
Africa	20	10	10	4.7	4.3	5.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Asia	245	135	115	57.0	58.7	59.0
Afghanistan	20	10	15	4.7	4.3	7.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	15	20	9.3	6.5	10.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	60	35	20	14.0	15.2	10.3
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	15	10	0	3.5	4.3	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	5.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	10	0	2.3	4.3	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	5.1
Other places of birth in Asia	20	15	10	4.7	6.5	5.1
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	22,945	11,125	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,770	2,315	2,450	20.8	20.8	20.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	5,680	2,825	2,845	24.8	25.4	24.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,500	5,980	6,520	54.5	53.8	55.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,115	1,490	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	955	470	485	30.7	31.5	29.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	400	245	150	12.8	16.4	9.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	555	230	335	17.8	15.4	20.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,250	540	715	40.1	36.2	44.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	800	425	370	25.7	28.5	22.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	110	50	60	3.5	3.4	3.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,115	1,490	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	355	185	165	11.4	12.4	10.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	300	160	145	9.6	10.7	8.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	20	25	1.4	1.3	1.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	45	45	2.7	3.0	2.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	35	15	20	1.1	1.0	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,290	1,065	1,225	73.5	71.5	75.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	22,945	11,125	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	4,430	2,190	2,235	19.3	19.7	18.9
South Asian	1,070	590	475	4.7	5.3	4.0
Chinese	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.6
Black	1,115	545	575	4.9	4.9	4.9
Filipino	180	65	115	0.8	0.6	1.0
Arab	280	135	140	1.2	1.2	1.2
Latin American	545	260	280	2.4	2.3	2.4
Southeast Asian	310	155	155	1.4	1.4	1.3
West Asian	270	140	125	1.2	1.3	1.1
Korean	90	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	230	100	135	1.0	0.9	1.1
Multiple visible minorities	170	85	85	0.7	0.8	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,515	8,925	9,585	80.7	80.2	81.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	22,945	11,120	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,730	1,845	1,885	16.3	16.6	15.9
English	5,290	2,565	2,725	23.1	23.1	23.1
Irish	4,760	2,195	2,560	20.7	19.7	21.7
Scottish	4,055	1,915	2,140	17.7	17.2	18.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,105	485	620	4.8	4.4	5.2
German	1,640	745	890	7.1	6.7	7.5
Chinese	225	90	135	1.0	0.8	1.1
Italian	2,570	1,310	1,265	11.2	11.8	10.7
Indian (India)	515	295	225	2.2	2.7	1.9
Ukrainian	520	270	250	2.3	2.4	2.1
Dutch	800	320	480	3.5	2.9	4.1
Polish	860	375	480	3.7	3.4	4.1
Québécois	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,085	510	575	4.7	4.6	4.9
Filipino	160	65	95	0.7	0.6	0.8
French Canadian	290	120	170	1.3	1.1	1.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	320	165	150	1.4	1.5	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	175	60	110	0.8	0.5	0.9
Métis	140	60	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	250	110	140	1.1	1.0	1.2
Russian	205	105	100	0.9	0.9	0.8
Norwegian	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Welsh	390	175	215	1.7	1.6	1.8
Portuguese	905	440	465	3.9	4.0	3.9
American	290	140	150	1.3	1.3	1.3
Spanish	220	95	125	1.0	0.9	1.1
Swedish	110	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hungarian	160	90	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Acadian	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	135	85	50	0.6	0.8	0.4
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	190	95	95	0.8	0.9	0.8
Jewish	90	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Punjabi	85	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Vietnamese	160	75	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Greek	195	95	100	0.8	0.9	0.8
Jamaican	355	165	195	1.5	1.5	1.6
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	100	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	90	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Lebanese	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	200	70	130	0.9	0.6	1.1
Danish	100	40	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	90	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	65	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Austrian	130	50	85	0.6	0.4	0.7
Belgian	115	45	70	0.5	0.4	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	70	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexican	55	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Finnish	90	60	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Sri Lankan	150	85	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Croatian	95	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	60	0	50	0.3	0.0	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	80	40	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Muslim	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	170	90	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
Tamil	220	120	100	1.0	1.1	0.8
Icelandic	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Colombian	95	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	65	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Syrian	115	55	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Guyanese	220	95	120	1.0	0.9	1.0
Afghan	210	125	85	0.9	1.1	0.7
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	160	75	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
Serbian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Newfoundlander	150	55	95	0.7	0.5	0.8
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	100	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Persian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Turkish	90	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	100	60	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigerian	95	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Armenian	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Slovak	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	100	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Salvadorean	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	150	45	105	0.7	0.4	0.9
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	115	60	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Algonquin	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Lithuanian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	90	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ethiopian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Macedonian	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slovenian	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Israeli	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Barbadian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
African American	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	50	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	60	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	90	60	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	90	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Estonian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	22,945	11,125	11,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	145	55	85	0.6	0.5	0.7
Christian	13,630	6,170	7,455	59.4	55.5	63.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,075	925	1,145	9.0	8.3	9.7
Anabaptist	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,125	505	620	4.9	4.5	5.2
Baptist	295	130	165	1.3	1.2	1.4
Catholic	6,545	3,000	3,545	28.5	27.0	30.0
Christian Orthodox	285	135	155	1.2	1.2	1.3
Jehovah's Witness	115	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	140	60	85	0.6	0.5	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	370	175	195	1.6	1.6	1.6
Presbyterian	590	235	355	2.6	2.1	3.0
Reformed	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	1,400	595	805	6.1	5.3	6.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	570	285	280	2.5	2.6	2.4
Hindu	515	270	245	2.2	2.4	2.1
Jewish	85	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Muslim	595	340	255	2.6	3.1	2.2
Sikh	270	165	100	1.2	1.5	0.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	130	45	85	0.6	0.4	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	7,575	4,015	3,560	33.0	36.1	30.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,685	11,005	11,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,185	9,775	10,410	89.0	88.8	89.1
Movers	2,500	1,230	1,265	11.0	11.2	10.8
Non-migrants	875	470	405	3.9	4.3	3.5
Migrants	1,625	765	865	7.2	7.0	7.4
Internal migrants	1,605	745	865	7.1	6.8	7.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,565	725	835	6.9	6.6	7.1
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
External migrants	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,530	10,415	11,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,770	5,675	6,095	54.7	54.5	54.8
Movers	9,760	4,745	5,015	45.3	45.6	45.1
Non-migrants	2,370	1,125	1,245	11.0	10.8	11.2
Migrants	7,395	3,620	3,775	34.3	34.8	34.0
Internal migrants	7,080	3,470	3,615	32.9	33.3	32.5
Intraprovincial migrants	6,835	3,340	3,495	31.7	32.1	31.4
Interprovincial migrants	245	125	120	1.1	1.2	1.1
External migrants	310	150	160	1.4	1.4	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,525	8,905	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,535	1,845	1,685	19.1	20.7	17.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,985	7,060	7,930	80.9	79.3	82.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,590	5,645	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,495	840	655	12.9	14.9	11.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,095	4,805	5,290	87.1	85.1	89.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,520	8,905	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,170	1,640	1,540	17.1	18.4	16.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,360	3,145	3,215	34.3	35.3	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,985	4,125	4,865	48.5	46.3	50.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,765	2,755	3,005	31.1	30.9	31.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,200	870	330	6.5	9.8	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	510	290	220	2.8	3.3	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	685	580	105	3.7	6.5	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,210	1,770	2,440	22.7	19.9	25.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	115	240	1.9	1.3	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,225	1,370	1,855	17.4	15.4	19.3
Bachelor's degree	2,445	1,040	1,405	13.2	11.7	14.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	205	70	135	1.1	0.8	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	490	220	280	2.6	2.5	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,590	5,645	5,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,290	710	580	11.1	12.6	9.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,885	2,055	1,830	33.5	36.4	30.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,415	2,875	3,535	55.3	50.9	59.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,120	2,005	2,115	35.5	35.5	35.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	775	570	205	6.7	10.1	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	200	140	2.9	3.5	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	440	365	70	3.8	6.5	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,120	1,360	1,760	26.9	24.1	29.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	75	150	1.9	1.3	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,295	875	1,420	19.8	15.5	23.9
Bachelor's degree	1,765	690	1,080	15.2	12.2	18.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	40	90	1.1	0.7	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Master's degree	355	135	215	3.1	2.4	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,520	8,905	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,535	4,780	4,750	51.5	53.7	49.4
Education	700	160	540	3.8	1.8	5.6
13. Education	700	160	540	3.8	1.8	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	280	95	180	1.5	1.1	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	230	60	170	1.2	0.7	1.8
Humanities	415	150	265	2.2	1.7	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	120	30	85	0.6	0.3	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	30	75	0.5	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	80	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,220	245	975	6.6	2.8	10.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	300	15	295	1.6	0.2	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	215	40	170	1.2	0.4	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	210	25	190	1.1	0.3	2.0
45. Social sciences	345	115	225	1.9	1.3	2.3
Business, management and public administration	1,835	705	1,125	9.9	7.9	11.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	25	160	1.0	0.3	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,635	670	970	8.8	7.5	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	95	140	1.2	1.1	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290	165	120	1.6	1.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	145	75	1.2	1.6	0.8
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,935	1,815	130	10.4	20.4	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	350	320	35	1.9	3.6	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	500	440	55	2.7	4.9	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	425	425	0	2.3	4.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	410	0	2.2	4.6	0.0
48. Precision production	200	190	10	1.1	2.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	120	65	1.0	1.3	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	75	60	0.7	0.8	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	40	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	1,150	155	995	6.2	1.7	10.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	105	60	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,045	95	950	5.6	1.1	9.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	745	415	335	4.0	4.7	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	345	100	245	1.9	1.1	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	250	175	75	1.3	2.0	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	140	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,590	5,650	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,175	2,770	2,410	44.7	49.0	40.5
Education	385	90	295	3.3	1.6	5.0
13. Education	385	90	295	3.3	1.6	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	65	165	1.9	1.2	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	200	50	150	1.7	0.9	2.5
Humanities	280	100	180	2.4	1.8	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	80	20	55	0.7	0.4	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	20	65	0.8	0.4	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
54. History	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	930	175	755	8.0	3.1	12.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	40	65	0.9	0.7	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	15	225	2.0	0.3	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	165	30	135	1.4	0.5	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	155	10	145	1.3	0.2	2.4
45. Social sciences	245	80	170	2.1	1.4	2.9
Business, management and public administration	1,310	500	810	11.3	8.8	13.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	125	1.3	0.4	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,155	470	685	10.0	8.3	11.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	50	110	1.4	0.9	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	20	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	225	140	85	1.9	2.5	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	120	55	1.5	2.1	0.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,390	1,290	100	12.0	22.8	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	240	205	35	2.1	3.6	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	340	295	40	2.9	5.2	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	300	300	0	2.6	5.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	330	0	2.9	5.8	0.0
48. Precision production	140	130	10	1.2	2.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	85	55	1.2	1.5	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	50	45	0.9	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Health and related fields	795	90	705	6.9	1.6	11.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	725	60	670	6.3	1.1	11.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	300	280	5.0	5.3	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	260	70	190	2.2	1.2	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	210	135	75	1.8	2.4	1.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	95	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,590	5,650	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,175	2,770	2,410	44.7	49.0	40.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,415	2,880	3,535	55.3	51.0	59.5
Location of study inside Canada	5,600	2,460	3,140	48.3	43.5	52.8
Same as province or territory of residence	5,300	2,310	2,990	45.7	40.9	50.3
Different than province or territory of residence	300	155	145	2.6	2.7	2.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	815	420	395	7.0	7.4	6.6
Americas	190	90	105	1.6	1.6	1.8
United States of America	95	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Brazil	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Colombia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Europe	185	115	70	1.6	2.0	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romania	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	30	20	0.5	0.5	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Africa	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Asia	385	180	205	3.3	3.2	3.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Philippines	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
India	105	60	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Pakistan	40	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other locations of study in Asia	40	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Oceania	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,520	8,905	9,615	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,555	6,070	5,485	...	...	...
Employed	10,410	5,595	4,810	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,145	475	675	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,965	2,835	4,135	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.4	68.2	57.0	62.4	68.2	57.0
Employment rate	56.2	62.8	50.0	56.2	62.8	50.0
Unemployment rate	9.9	7.8	12.3	9.9	7.8	12.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,520	8,905	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,875	2,835	4,045	37.1	31.8	42.1
Worked	11,645	6,075	5,575	62.9	68.2	58.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,510	3,750	2,760	35.2	42.1	28.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,140	2,325	2,815	27.8	26.1	29.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	43.4	40.7	42.1	43.4	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,560	6,075	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	55	100	1.3	0.9	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,400	6,015	5,385	98.6	99.0	98.2
Employee	10,025	5,235	4,790	86.7	86.2	87.3
Permanent position	8,765	4,620	4,145	75.8	76.0	75.6
Temporary position	1,255	610	645	10.9	10.0	11.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	385	200	190	3.3	3.3	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	865	410	455	7.5	6.7	8.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,380	785	595	11.9	12.9	10.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,560	6,075	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	55	100	1.3	0.9	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,400	6,015	5,385	98.6	99.0	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	100	80	25	0.9	1.3	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,735	480	1,255	15.0	7.9	22.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	695	555	135	6.0	9.1	2.5
3 Health occupations	685	95	590	5.9	1.6	10.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,095	245	855	9.5	4.0	15.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	225	90	140	1.9	1.5	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	2,735	1,075	1,660	23.7	17.7	30.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,595	2,325	280	22.4	38.3	5.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	220	170	50	1.9	2.8	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,315	915	395	11.4	15.1	7.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,560	6,075	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	55	100	1.3	0.9	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	11,400	6,015	5,385	98.6	99.0	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	65	45	1.0	1.1	0.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
22 Utilities	65	50	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
23 Construction	1,355	1,165	190	11.7	19.2	3.5
31-33 Manufacturing	2,180	1,460	725	18.9	24.0	13.2
41 Wholesale trade	420	300	120	3.6	4.9	2.2
44-45 Retail trade	1,385	590	790	12.0	9.7	14.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	710	505	205	6.1	8.3	3.7
51 Information and cultural industries	105	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	290	85	200	2.5	1.4	3.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	70	100	1.4	1.2	1.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	565	310	255	4.9	5.1	4.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	575	285	295	5.0	4.7	5.4
61 Educational services	665	125	535	5.8	2.1	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,050	140	915	9.1	2.3	16.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	70	75	1.3	1.2	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	690	290	400	6.0	4.8	7.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	200	245	3.8	3.3	4.5
91 Public administration	425	225	205	3.7	3.7	3.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,330	6,430	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,055	6,290	5,765	97.8	97.8	97.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and French	105	40	60	0.9	0.6	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	155	100	55	1.3	1.6	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,330	6,430	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,265	6,395	5,875	99.5	99.5	99.4
Official languages	12,205	6,350	5,855	99.0	98.8	99.1
English	12,185	6,355	5,835	98.8	98.8	98.7
French	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official languages	55	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,330	6,430	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,140	6,325	5,820	98.5	98.4	98.5
English	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
French	65	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
Non-official language	65	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,410	5,595	4,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,870	775	1,100	18.0	13.9	22.9
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,525	1,185	340	14.6	21.2	7.1
Usual place of work	7,005	3,635	3,370	67.3	65.0	70.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,005	3,635	3,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,640	1,680	1,960	52.0	46.2	58.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	885	390	495	12.6	10.7	14.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,465	1,555	910	35.2	42.8	27.0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,535	4,825	3,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,940	4,565	3,375	93.0	94.6	91.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,295	4,245	3,050	85.5	88.0	82.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	650	320	325	7.6	6.6	8.8
Public transit	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.7
Walked	370	150	215	4.3	3.1	5.8
Bicycle	50	40	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Other method	135	45	90	1.6	0.9	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,535	4,825	3,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,110	1,490	1,620	36.4	30.9	43.7
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	535	610	13.5	11.1	16.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,335	710	620	15.6	14.7	16.7
45 to 59 minutes	1,085	770	320	12.7	16.0	8.6
60 minutes and over	1,850	1,315	540	21.7	27.3	14.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,535	4,825	3,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,340	1,015	315	15.7	21.0	8.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,885	1,235	650	22.1	25.6	17.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,655	815	840	19.4	16.9	22.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,215	435	785	14.2	9.0	21.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	810	290	525	9.5	6.0	14.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,625	1,030	600	19.0	21.3	16.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,275	2,645	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	315	160	155	6.0	6.0	5.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,960	2,485	2,475	94.0	94.0	94.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,740	1,890	1,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	240	125	115	6.4	6.6	6.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	65	65	3.5	3.4	3.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	60	50	2.9	3.2	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,500	1,765	1,735	93.6	93.4	93.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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