Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	KapuskasingMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,092	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,378	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,723	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,395	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	822.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8.63	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,095	3,455	3,640
0 to 14 years	1,085	545	540
0 to 4 years	310	155	155
5 to 9 years	395	200	195
10 to 14 years	375	185	190
15 to 64 years	4,215	2,095	2,125
15 to 19 years	330	160	170
20 to 24 years	345	185	160
25 to 29 years	405	215	195
30 to 34 years	365	185	180
35 to 39 years	405	210	195
40 to 44 years	335	160	175
45 to 49 years	380	190	190
50 to 54 years	415	205	210
55 to 59 years	575	280	295
60 to 64 years	660	310	350
65 years and over	1,790	815	975
65 to 69 years	525	265	260
70 to 74 years	465	215	245
75 to 79 years	325	155	170
80 to 84 years	225	80	145
85 years and over	250	90	160
85 to 89 years	160	70	90
90 to 94 years	65	20	45
95 to 99 years	25	5	20
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	15.8	14.8
15 to 64 years	59.4	60.6	58.4
65 years and over	25.2	23.6	26.8
85 years and over	3.5	2.6	4.4
Average age of the population	45.7	44.6	46.8
Median age of the population	48.8	47.2	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,395	...	...
Single-detached house	2,005	...	...
Semi-detached house	145	...	...
Row house	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	905	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,395	...	...
1 person	1,305	...	...
2 persons	1,255	...	...
3 persons	365	...	...
4 persons	335	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,975	3,410	3,565
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,010	2,910	3,100
Married or living common-law	3,395	1,700	1,700
Married	2,535	1,265	1,270
Living common-law	860	430	435
Living common law - Never married	615	315	300
Living common law - Separated	70	30	40
Living common law - Divorced	140	65	70
Living common law - Widowed	40	20	25
Not married and not living common-law	2,610	1,210	1,400
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,475	860	615
Not married and not living common law - Separated	240	105	135
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	300	130	165
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	595	115	480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,000	...	...
2 persons	1,210	...	...
3 persons	345	...	...
4 persons	325	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,995	...	...
Total couple families	1,675	...	...
Married couples	1,245	...	...
With children⁶	465	...	...
Without children	780	...	...
Common-law couples	430	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...
Without children	245	...	...
Total one-parent families	320	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	245	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	75	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,975	3,410	3,565
Total - Persons in census families	5,380	2,650	2,730
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,355	1,670	1,680
Parents in one-parent families	320	75	245
Children⁶	1,705	900	805
In a two-parent family	1,200	620	580
In a one-parent family	510	285	225
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,600	760	835
Living alone	1,305	610	695
Living with other relatives⁷	100	45	55
Living with non-relatives only	195	110	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,395	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,915	...	...
Couple-family households	1,620	...	...
With children⁶	630	...	...
Without children	995	...	...
One-parent-family households	295	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	30	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	45	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...
One-person households	1,305	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,895	2,870	3,025
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,795	2,830	2,965
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,800	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,800	2,835	2,965
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,400	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,910	2,500	2,410
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	41,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,885	2,150	1,730
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,310	2,570	2,740
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,500	10,700	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	570	265	305
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,760	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,320	660	660
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,750	6,550	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,850	2,855	2,990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,720	2,790	2,925
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,840	57,250	40,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,725	2,800	2,925
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	47,720	36,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,855	2,480	2,380
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,640	52,700	34,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,835	2,120	1,720
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,360	48,520	37,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,210	2,505	2,715
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,920	11,610	14,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	200	310
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,840	6,240	7,250
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,300	620	685
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,310	7,640	8,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,850	2,860	2,990
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,570	860	715
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	73,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,500	78,000	59,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,470	720	745
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	26,000	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,560	43,700	23,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	81.8	68.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.6	64.2	53.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.1	18.2	32.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.8	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.5	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.0	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,895	2,870	3,020
Without total income	95	40	55
With total income	5,795	2,830	2,970
Under $10,000 (including loss)	385	125	255
$10,000 to $19,999	760	290	470
$20,000 to $29,999	1,015	365	645
$30,000 to $39,999	755	375	380
$40,000 to $49,999	695	345	350
$50,000 to $59,999	520	245	280
$60,000 to $69,999	395	240	155
$70,000 to $79,999	325	185	140
$80,000 to $89,999	210	150	65
$90,000 to $99,999	185	110	75
$100,000 and over	545	395	150
$100,000 to $149,999	445	310	130
$150,000 and over	105	85	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,895	2,870	3,020
Without after-tax income	95	35	55
With after-tax income	5,800	2,830	2,970
Under $10,000 (including loss)	410	135	270
$10,000 to $19,999	785	295	495
$20,000 to $29,999	1,115	410	705
$30,000 to $39,999	930	485	440
$40,000 to $49,999	760	365	395
$50,000 to $59,999	560	315	240
$60,000 to $69,999	400	245	150
$70,000 to $79,999	285	185	95
$80,000 to $89,999	240	150	95
$90,000 to $99,999	130	90	40
$100,000 and over	195	150	40
$100,000 to $124,999	140	115	25
$125,000 and over	55	40	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,895	2,870	3,020
Without employment income	2,010	720	1,290
With employment income	3,885	2,155	1,730
Under $5,000 (including loss)	780	505	280
$5,000 to $9,999	265	105	155
$10,000 to $19,999	470	205	265
$20,000 to $29,999	320	135	190
$30,000 to $39,999	330	150	180
$40,000 to $49,999	285	120	170
$50,000 to $59,999	260	140	120
$60,000 to $69,999	240	140	95
$70,000 to $79,999	205	125	80
$80,000 to $89,999	150	100	50
$90,000 to $99,999	140	95	45
$100,000 and over	450	335	115
$100,000 to $124,999	250	165	90
$125,000 and over	195	165	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,895	2,870	3,025
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,710	2,795	2,920
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	46,000	29,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,715	2,795	2,920
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	41,200	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,885	2,485	2,395
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	42,000	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,875	2,145	1,730
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,130	2,495	2,635
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	7,350	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	620	315	310
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	7,350	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,850	2,855	2,990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,620	2,755	2,865
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,200	38,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,620	2,755	2,865
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,320	45,280	33,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,795	2,480	2,315
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120	50,920	34,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,775	2,110	1,675
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,840	47,640	39,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,045	2,435	2,610
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,330	9,560	11,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	535	250	290
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,360	9,100	7,650
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,850	2,860	2,990
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,560	855	705
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	71,000	49,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,900	74,600	55,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,345	685	665
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	28,400	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,800	45,700	31,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.8	84.4	73.6
Employment income (%)	64.0	67.2	59.7
Government transfers (%)	20.1	15.6	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,395	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,305	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,090	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,390	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,335	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,055	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,395	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	180	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	320	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	260	...	...
$200,000 and over	205	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,395	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	165	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	365	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	290	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	280	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	200	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	755	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	200	...	...
$150,000 and over	260	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,010	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	995	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	660	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	310	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,500	715	780
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	38,800	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	35,200	28,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,980	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	945	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	650	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,525	720	805
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,360	46,500	40,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,360	40,300	36,700
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,980	3,415	3,565
0 to 17 years	1,290	650	640
0 to 5 years	390	195	200
18 to 64 years	3,995	1,985	2,010
65 years and over	1,695	780	915
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	935	410	535
0 to 17 years	180	100	80
0 to 5 years	75	40	35
18 to 64 years	485	230	260
65 years and over	270	80	195
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.4	11.9	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	15.4	12.6
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	20.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	11.5	12.8
65 years and over (%)	16.0	10.0	21.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,975	3,410	3,565
0 to 17 years	1,290	645	640
0 to 5 years	395	195	195
18 to 64 years	3,995	1,980	2,015
65 years and over	1,690	780	910
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	100	110
0 to 17 years	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	170	85	85
65 years and over	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.9	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	1.8	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	4.0	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.3	4.3
65 years and over (%)	0.7	x	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,975	3,410	3,565
In bottom half of the distribution	3,790	1,770	2,020
In bottom decile	780	350	430
In second decile	850	355	495
In third decile	825	405	420
In fourth decile	720	360	355
In fifth decile	615	295	320
In top half of the distribution	3,185	1,645	1,545
In sixth decile	660	345	320
In seventh decile	680	350	325
In eighth decile	670	340	330
In ninth decile	720	370	350
In top decile	460	240	220
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,975	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.465	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.273	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,975	3,410	3,570
English only	1,640	885	750
French only	450	200	255
English and French	4,890	2,330	2,565
Neither English nor French	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,975	3,410	3,570
English	2,440	1,290	1,150
French	4,405	2,055	2,350
English and French	135	70	70
Neither English nor French	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,975	3,410	3,570
Single responses	6,595	3,220	3,375
Official languages	6,465	3,145	3,320
English	2,140	1,135	1,010
French	4,325	2,010	2,310
Non-official languages	135	75	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	20	10	10
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	10	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	70	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0
German	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	5
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5
Chinese languages	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	385	190	190
English and French	345	175	170
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,975	3,410	3,570
English	2,380	1,270	1,115
French	3,180	1,475	1,705
Non-official language	10	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	5	0	0
English and French	1,280	590	690
English and non-official language(s)	95	55	40
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,975	3,410	3,570
Single responses	6,635	3,245	3,390
Official languages	6,585	3,215	3,370
English	2,875	1,505	1,370
French	3,715	1,710	2,000
Non-official languages	50	35	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	5	5	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	30	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	5
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0
Chinese languages	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	170	175
English and French	325	160	165
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,980	3,410	3,565
None	5,910	2,915	2,995
English	545	245	305
French	440	205	230
Non-official language	55	25	25
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	5
Non-Indigenous	45	25	20
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,945	3,415	3,535
Official languages	6,945	3,415	3,535
English	6,515	3,255	3,260
French	5,310	2,540	2,770
Non-official languages	310	195	115
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	25	20
Algonquian languages	45	25	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	45	25	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	45	25	20
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	45	25	20
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	265	170	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	30	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	15	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	100	55
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0
German	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	45	15
Indo-Aryan languages	55	45	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	20	0
Hindi	30	25	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	65	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	30	20	10
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,945	3,410	3,530
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	795	395	405
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	785	390	400
First Nations (North American Indian)	335	190	145
Métis	455	200	250
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	6,150	3,020	3,130
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,945	3,410	3,530
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	315	160	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,635	3,255	3,380
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,395	...	...
Owner	2,160	...	...
Renter	1,235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,395	...	...
Condominium	145	...	...
Not condominium	3,245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,395	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	515	...	...
2 bedrooms	835	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,240	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,395	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	980	...	...
5 rooms	620	...	...
6 rooms	480	...	...
7 rooms	500	...	...
8 or more rooms	805	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,395	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,370	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,395	...	...
Suitable	3,330	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,395	...	...
1960 or before	1,525	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,400	...	...
1981 to 1990	240	...	...
1991 to 2000	120	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,395	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	285	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,395	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,185	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,175	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,395	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...
25 to 34 years	440	...	...
35 to 44 years	410	...	...
45 to 54 years	480	...	...
55 to 64 years	725	...	...
65 to 74 years	670	...	...
75 to 84 years	375	...	...
85 years and over	175	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,375	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,890	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,395	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	445	...	...
Not suitable only	55	...	...
Major repairs needed only	240	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,610	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,355	...	...
In core need	195	...	...
Not in core need	3,165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	962	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	163,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,230	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	24.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	740	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	738	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,950	3,415	3,535
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	525	265	260
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	520	260	260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	340	200	140
Métis single ancestry	180	60	115
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	375	200	180
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	365	190	175
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175	100	75
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	90	100
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,050	2,950	3,095
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,945	3,415	3,535
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,815	3,305	3,505
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,355	705	650
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,460	2,605	2,860
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135	105	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,945	3,415	3,535
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,685	3,240	3,445
Immigrants⁸¹	190	115	70
Before 1980	85	45	45
1980 to 1990	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	40	20	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	40	10
2011 to 2015	10	10	0
2016 to 2021	35	30	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	70	55	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	190	115	75
Under 5 years	35	25	0
5 to 14 years	55	30	25
15 to 24 years	25	15	10
25 to 44 years	65	40	30
45 years and over	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	190	115	75
Americas	25	20	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0
Europe	85	40	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	20	0	15
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	15	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	65	35	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	30	15	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	15	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	35	10
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	30	20	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,945	3,410	3,530
First generation¹⁰⁰	265	175	90
Second generation¹⁰¹	440	245	195
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,245	3,000	3,245
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	100	70	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	30	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	20	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	25	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	100	70	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	20	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	70	45	25
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,945	3,410	3,530
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	265	170	95
South Asian	90	70	20
Chinese	35	20	10
Black	85	55	25
Filipino	15	0	15
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	10	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,680	3,240	3,440
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,945	3,415	3,535
Canadian	1,840	895	945
English	650	315	335
Irish	450	225	235
Scottish	480	230	245
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,810	885	925
German	185	95	90
Chinese	20	20	0
Italian	130	65	70
Indian (India)	65	55	10
Ukrainian	80	60	20
Dutch	115	65	45
Polish	170	75	95
Québécois	205	100	110
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	45	10
Filipino	35	10	20
French Canadian	735	365	370
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	580	250	335
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	205	105	100
Métis	380	160	220
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70	30	40
Russian	50	25	25
Norwegian	35	25	10
Welsh	15	0	15
Portuguese	25	10	15
American	50	25	25
Spanish	60	20	35
Swedish	85	45	40
Hungarian	20	15	0
Acadian	90	40	55
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	15	15	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	125	90	35
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	50	45
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	45	35
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	15	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	35	20	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10
Japanese	25	10	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	20	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	30
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	135	75	50
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	15	20
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	20	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	0	10
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	105	35	70
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	10	10	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,945	3,410	3,530
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	5,570	2,585	2,985
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	250	115	140
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	170	95	75
Baptist	20	0	15
Catholic	4,920	2,270	2,645
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	15	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	15	25
Presbyterian	20	10	10
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	90	35	55
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	20	10
Hindu	40	35	0
Jewish	15	15	0
Muslim	60	40	20
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	15	20
No religion and secular perspectives	1,220	720	505
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,900	3,390	3,510
Non-movers	5,985	2,900	3,090
Movers	915	495	420
Non-migrants	510	265	245
Migrants	405	225	180
Internal migrants	390	220	170
Intraprovincial migrants	370	205	165
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	0
External migrants	15	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,635	3,265	3,375
Non-movers	4,215	2,075	2,140
Movers	2,420	1,190	1,235
Non-migrants	1,210	590	620
Migrants	1,215	600	615
Internal migrants	1,145	550	595
Intraprovincial migrants	1,060	500	560
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	35
External migrants	70	50	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,850	2,860	2,990
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,695	845	845
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,160	2,015	2,145
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,450	1,670	1,780
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	590	335	260
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,860	1,335	1,525
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,850	2,860	2,990
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,480	705	775
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,600	810	790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,765	1,345	1,425
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,145	1,090	1,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	565	425	140
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	180	80
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	305	245	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,520	640	875
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	20	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	630	255	370
Bachelor's degree	475	185	285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15
Master's degree	50	25	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,450	1,670	1,780
No certificate, diploma or degree	485	275	210
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	990	520	465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,975	875	1,105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,490	685	805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	300	230	75
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140	100	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	165	130	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,145	445	700
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	485	190	300
Bachelor's degree	360	140	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	20	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10
Master's degree	40	20	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,850	2,860	2,990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,085	1,515	1,565
Education	215	35	175
13. Education	215	35	175
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	10
Humanities	50	10	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	35	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	15	35
45. Social sciences	40	15	25
Business, management and public administration	460	90	370
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	365	65	300
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	35	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	840	810	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	65	65	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	250	220	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	160	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280	280	0
48. Precision production	85	85	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	55	45
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	55	10
Health and related fields	570	105	465
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	30	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	520	75	445
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	140	110
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	35	100
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	75	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,450	1,670	1,780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,475	795	680
Education	185	20	155
13. Education	185	20	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10
Humanities	20	10	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110	20	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	35	20	20
Business, management and public administration	350	60	290
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	20	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	280	40	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	535	505	30
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	155	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	100	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	160	0
48. Precision production	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	30	40
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	0	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10
Health and related fields	435	80	360
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	410	60	350
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	180	105	80
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	110	35	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,450	1,670	1,780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,475	795	680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,975	875	1,100
Location of study inside Canada	1,910	835	1,075
Same as province or territory of residence	1,855	815	1,040
Different than province or territory of residence	60	20	35
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	35	20
Americas	10	10	0
United States of America	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	15	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,850	2,860	2,990
In the labour force	3,005	1,565	1,440
Employed	2,770	1,455	1,315
Unemployed	245	110	130
Not in the labour force	2,840	1,295	1,550
Participation rate	51.4	54.7	48.2
Employment rate	47.4	50.9	44.0
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.0	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,850	2,860	2,990
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,715	1,235	1,480
Worked	3,140	1,625	1,510
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,605	880	725
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,535	750	785
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.4	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,010	1,565	1,445
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,965	1,530	1,435
Employee	2,725	1,385	1,335
Permanent position	2,285	1,185	1,095
Temporary position	445	205	240
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	45	90
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	300	150	150
Self-employed¹⁹²	240	145	95
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,010	1,565	1,445
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,965	1,530	1,435
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	10	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	355	70	280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	70	0
3 Health occupations	335	65	275
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	410	95	315
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	830	345	485
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	640	615	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	75	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	190	170	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,010	1,565	1,445
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	10
All industries¹⁹¹	2,965	1,530	1,435
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	50	40	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	125	0
22 Utilities	85	80	0
23 Construction	195	180	15
31-33 Manufacturing	245	200	45
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	475	265	210
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	130	110	15
51 Information and cultural industries	35	25	15
52 Finance and insurance	60	15	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	80	20	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	90	50	40
61 Educational services	280	75	200
62 Health care and social assistance	615	90	525
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	10	20
72 Accommodation and food services	215	95	120
81 Other services (except public administration)	130	65	65
91 Public administration	90	65	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,425	1,765	1,660
English	1,155	695	460
French	665	290	375
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	1,575	760	810
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,425	1,765	1,660
Single responses	2,940	1,555	1,385
Official languages	2,940	1,555	1,385
English	1,730	1,015	715
French	1,210	540	670
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	485	210	270
English and French	485	210	270
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,425	1,765	1,660
None	2,305	1,200	1,105
English	545	245	300
French	545	300	245
Non-official language	25	20	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,770	1,455	1,315
Worked at home	225	80	145
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	315	240	85
Usual place of work	2,225	1,140	1,080
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,225	1,145	1,080
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,015	960	1,055
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	150	120	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50	50	0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,545	1,380	1,170
Car, truck or van	2,205	1,195	1,010
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,020	1,095	925
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	185	100	90
Public transit	25	25	0
Walked	240	115	125
Bicycle	25	15	10
Other method	40	25	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,545	1,380	1,170
Less than 15 minutes	2,030	1,025	1,000
15 to 29 minutes	250	125	125
30 to 44 minutes	75	55	20
45 to 59 minutes	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	165	150	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,545	1,380	1,170
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	220	175	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	565	350	215
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	565	290	275
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	565	195	370
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	210	110	100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	410	255	160
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,320	660	660
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,095	535	565
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	220	125	95
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	985	495	495
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	830	405	435
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	730	345	390
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	60	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	90	65

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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