Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	MordenMore information: Manitoba [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,103	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,058^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	13.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,871	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,714	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,066.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,105	4,485	4,620
0 to 14 years	1,860	955	905
0 to 4 years	600	295	305
5 to 9 years	650	340	300
10 to 14 years	615	315	300
15 to 64 years	5,520	2,750	2,770
15 to 19 years	520	285	230
20 to 24 years	520	280	240
25 to 29 years	600	300	300
30 to 34 years	610	300	315
35 to 39 years	700	360	335
40 to 44 years	605	290	315
45 to 49 years	555	280	280
50 to 54 years	450	210	240
55 to 59 years	465	220	245
60 to 64 years	495	230	265
65 years and over	1,730	780	945
65 to 69 years	445	225	220
70 to 74 years	440	205	230
75 to 79 years	335	150	185
80 to 84 years	260	110	155
85 years and over	255	90	165
85 to 89 years	145	50	100
90 to 94 years	75	25	50
95 to 99 years	25	15	15
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.4	21.3	19.6
15 to 64 years	60.6	61.3	60.0
65 years and over	19.0	17.4	20.5
85 years and over	2.8	2.0	3.6
Average age of the population	39.8	38.5	41.1
Median age of the population	38.0	36.8	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,715	...	...
Single-detached house	2,495	...	...
Semi-detached house	215	...	...
Row house	280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	210	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,715	...	...
1 person	1,105	...	...
2 persons	1,270	...	...
3 persons	510	...	...
4 persons	520	...	...
5 or more persons	305	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,970	4,410	4,555
Average household size	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,250	3,530	3,720
Married or living common-law	4,650	2,345	2,305
Married	4,210	2,130	2,080
Living common-law	440	220	220
Living common law - Never married	310	155	160
Living common law - Separated	25	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	105	50	50
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	2,595	1,185	1,415
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,585	885	700
Not married and not living common law - Separated	200	80	120
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	335	130	210
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	475	85	385
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,545	...	...
2 persons	1,280	...	...
3 persons	495	...	...
4 persons	505	...	...
5 or more persons	260	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,540	...	...
Total couple families	2,250	...	...
Married couples	2,030	...	...
With children⁶	1,050	...	...
Without children	980	...	...
Common-law couples	220	...	...
With children⁶	85	...	...
Without children	130	...	...
Total one-parent families	295	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	230	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	65	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,970	4,410	4,555
Total - Persons in census families	7,480	3,765	3,720
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,495	2,245	2,250
Parents in one-parent families	290	65	225
Children⁶	2,695	1,455	1,240
In a two-parent family	2,220	1,190	1,030
In a one-parent family	470	265	210
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,485	650	835
Living alone	1,105	425	675
Living with other relatives⁷	155	70	85
Living with non-relatives only	225	155	75
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,715	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,390	...	...
Couple-family households	2,135	...	...
With children⁶	1,075	...	...
Without children	1,060	...	...
One-parent-family households	245	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	30	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	75	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...
One-person households	1,100	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,115	3,460	3,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,915	3,365	3,545
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	44,800	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,915	3,365	3,550
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,355	3,170	3,185
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,400	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,125	2,700	2,430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,600	26,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,330	3,035	3,290
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,700	4,440	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,005	585	425
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	2,800	2,300	2,980
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,320	580	740
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,120	3,475	3,645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,925	3,390	3,530
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,800	50,520	37,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,935	3,395	3,535
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,920	41,920	32,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,340	3,210	3,130
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,120	45,880	30,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,150	2,765	2,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,800	46,440	32,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,400	3,105	3,295
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,620	7,730	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,040	610	430
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,830	4,400	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,315	570	750
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,280	7,000	7,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,120	3,475	3,645
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,505	1,590	915
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	51,200	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,900	60,800	50,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,035	900	1,135
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	24,200	14,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,280	28,600	20,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.8	86.0	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.6	75.0	57.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	14.0	28.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.1	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.3	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,115	3,460	3,655
Without total income	200	100	100
With total income	6,910	3,365	3,550
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570	250	325
$10,000 to $19,999	880	305	575
$20,000 to $29,999	1,180	420	765
$30,000 to $39,999	990	435	555
$40,000 to $49,999	1,070	600	475
$50,000 to $59,999	740	440	300
$60,000 to $69,999	405	250	155
$70,000 to $79,999	300	185	110
$80,000 to $89,999	230	135	100
$90,000 to $99,999	190	90	95
$100,000 and over	355	265	95
$100,000 to $149,999	270	195	75
$150,000 and over	90	70	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,115	3,460	3,655
Without after-tax income	195	95	100
With after-tax income	6,920	3,365	3,555
Under $10,000 (including loss)	605	255	345
$10,000 to $19,999	955	325	630
$20,000 to $29,999	1,420	540	885
$30,000 to $39,999	1,315	670	645
$40,000 to $49,999	1,065	620	445
$50,000 to $59,999	570	335	230
$60,000 to $69,999	360	225	140
$70,000 to $79,999	275	145	130
$80,000 to $89,999	135	95	40
$90,000 to $99,999	75	55	20
$100,000 and over	140	100	40
$100,000 to $124,999	85	60	25
$125,000 and over	55	45	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,115	3,460	3,655
Without employment income	1,990	765	1,225
With employment income	5,125	2,695	2,425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	630	270	365
$5,000 to $9,999	390	145	250
$10,000 to $19,999	615	240	375
$20,000 to $29,999	610	260	350
$30,000 to $39,999	650	360	290
$40,000 to $49,999	715	465	250
$50,000 to $59,999	425	265	155
$60,000 to $69,999	275	165	110
$70,000 to $79,999	210	140	70
$80,000 to $89,999	190	100	90
$90,000 to $99,999	130	65	60
$100,000 and over	280	215	60
$100,000 to $124,999	165	120	45
$125,000 and over	115	95	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,115	3,460	3,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,720	3,255	3,465
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,800	28,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,720	3,255	3,465
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	36,800	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,215	3,080	3,135
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,400	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,060	2,640	2,415
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,600	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,850	2,835	3,015
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,040	1,240	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	515	265	245
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	6,200	4,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,120	3,475	3,645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,665	3,255	3,410
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,120	48,880	35,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,670	3,255	3,415
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,800	40,800	31,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,130	3,065	3,070
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,600	46,320	30,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,990	2,645	2,350
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,680	47,480	33,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,900	2,870	3,030
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,470	5,980	8,870
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	565	320	245
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,760	6,950	6,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,120	3,475	3,645
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,465	1,570	895
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	50,800	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,850	57,550	47,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,805	785	1,020
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	29,800	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,200	35,000	26,450
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	89.2	77.8
Employment income (%)	72.4	78.8	63.9
Government transfers (%)	15.7	10.8	22.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.4	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,715	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,610	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,710	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,605	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,715	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,060	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	420	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	260	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,715	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	240	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	365	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	355	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...
$150,000 and over	150	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,550	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,145	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	275	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,330	580	750
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	40,800	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	36,400	30,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,550	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,155	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,350	545	800
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,320	46,000	41,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,880	39,000	33,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,970	4,415	4,560
0 to 17 years	2,165	1,135	1,035
0 to 5 years	715	355	355
18 to 64 years	5,185	2,560	2,625
65 years and over	1,620	725	900
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,355	585	770
0 to 17 years	400	195	205
0 to 5 years	140	70	75
18 to 64 years	600	270	330
65 years and over	355	120	235
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	13.3	16.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	17.2	19.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	18.5	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	10.5	12.6
65 years and over (%)	22.0	16.8	26.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,970	4,410	4,555
0 to 17 years	2,170	1,130	1,035
0 to 5 years	710	355	360
18 to 64 years	5,180	2,555	2,625
65 years and over	1,620	720	895
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	165	160
0 to 17 years	80	45	35
0 to 5 years	30	15	10
18 to 64 years	220	110	105
65 years and over	25	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.7	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.9	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	5.0	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.2	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.8	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,965	4,415	4,560
In bottom half of the distribution	6,075	2,960	3,115
In bottom decile	1,050	455	595
In second decile	1,515	705	810
In third decile	1,355	680	670
In fourth decile	1,170	605	570
In fifth decile	980	515	465
In top half of the distribution	2,895	1,450	1,440
In sixth decile	855	430	425
In seventh decile	745	375	365
In eighth decile	610	300	310
In ninth decile	430	220	215
In top decile	255	120	130
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,970	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.292	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.407	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,985	4,425	4,565
English only	8,340	4,140	4,200
French only	0	0	0
English and French	520	220	305
Neither English nor French	120	65	55
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,985	4,425	4,565
English	8,775	4,315	4,460
French	70	30	40
English and French	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	120	65	55
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,985	4,425	4,565
Single responses	8,690	4,280	4,415
Official languages	6,355	3,140	3,220
English	6,275	3,105	3,170
French	80	30	45
Non-official languages	2,335	1,140	1,195
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	5	5	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	5	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,330	1,140	1,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	340	175	165
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	155	150
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,885	910	975
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	520	260	260
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	520	260	260
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5
Russian	400	200	200
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	40	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,120	530	595
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	610	280	330
German	610	280	330
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	500	240	260
Afrikaans	15	10	5
Dutch	15	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	85	35	45
Low Saxon	10	5	10
Plautdietsch	375	180	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	65	55
Indo-Aryan languages	95	50	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	10
Gujarati	10	10	5
Hindi	15	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5
Urdu	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	65
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	25	20
Romanian	5	0	0
Spanish	70	25	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20
Chinese languages	30	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	295	145	155
English and French	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	230	110	120
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,985	4,425	4,565
English	7,020	3,450	3,565
French	5	0	0
Non-official language	470	250	220
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	470	250	220
English and French	85	35	50
English and non-official language(s)	1,300	630	665
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	80	45	45
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,985	4,425	4,565
Single responses	8,740	4,295	4,445
Official languages	7,605	3,720	3,885
English	7,600	3,715	3,880
French	5	5	5
Non-official languages	1,135	575	560
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,135	575	560
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10
Berber languages	5	0	5
Kabyle	5	0	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	245	125	115
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	230	120	105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	835	415	415
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	420	215	200
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	415	215	205
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5
Russian	345	180	170
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	235	110	125
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	180	85	95
German	180	85	95
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	40	20	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	50
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	10
Gujarati	10	10	5
Hindi	15	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	25	20
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5
Chinese languages	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	130	120
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	240	125	115
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,985	4,425	4,565
None	7,685	3,805	3,880
English	465	225	240
French	90	35	55
Non-official language	555	255	300
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5
Non-Indigenous	545	250	295
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	115	55	60
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	30
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,965	4,415	4,550
Official languages	8,815	4,340	4,475
English	8,815	4,340	4,475
French	485	250	240
Non-official languages	2,710	1,320	1,390
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,705	1,315	1,390
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	405	200	200
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10
Indonesian	15	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	385	190	195
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,230	1,090	1,135
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	665	350	320
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	665	350	320
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	605	315	290
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	200	90	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,370	635	735
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	825	360	460
German	825	360	460
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	635	310	330
Afrikaans	10	10	0
Dutch	25	15	10
Low German, n.o.s.	55	20	35
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	540	260	280
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	70	40	40
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	55	30	25
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	125	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	40	20
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	190	95	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	15	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15
Chinese languages	20	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	0	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,965	4,415	4,545
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	460	255	205
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	445	250	195
First Nations (North American Indian)	190	100	85
Métis	240	145	95
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,505	4,160	4,340
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,965	4,415	4,545
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	145	75	70
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,820	4,340	4,475
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,705	...	...
Owner	2,735	...	...
Renter	970	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,705	...	...
Condominium	430	...	...
Not condominium	3,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,705	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...
1 bedroom	360	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,030	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,705	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	940	...	...
5 rooms	555	...	...
6 rooms	570	...	...
7 rooms	495	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,150	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,705	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,620	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,705	...	...
Suitable	3,535	...	...
Not suitable	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,705	...	...
1960 or before	555	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,060	...	...
1981 to 1990	455	...	...
1991 to 2000	420	...	...
2001 to 2005	190	...	...
2006 to 2010	400	...	...
2011 to 2015	345	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,705	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,485	...	...
Major repairs needed	220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,705	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,880	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,730	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,705	...	...
15 to 24 years	150	...	...
25 to 34 years	550	...	...
35 to 44 years	740	...	...
45 to 54 years	585	...	...
55 to 64 years	570	...	...
65 to 74 years	530	...	...
75 to 84 years	370	...	...
85 years and over	205	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,700	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,100	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	605	...	...
30% to less than 100%	590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,705	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	565	...	...
Not suitable only	150	...	...
Major repairs needed only	165	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,765	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,685	...	...
In core need	255	...	...
Not in core need	3,425	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,730	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	276,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	288,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	975	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	23.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	934	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,960	4,420	4,545
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	170	90	80
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	170	90	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	125	60	60
Métis single ancestry	40	30	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	360	215	145
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	360	215	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	220	120	100
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	140	90	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,430	4,115	4,320
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,965	4,415	4,545
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,850	3,810	4,035
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,855	975	880
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,995	2,840	3,155
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,115	605	510
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,965	4,415	4,545
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,240	3,495	3,745
Immigrants⁸¹	1,690	895	800
Before 1980	105	60	45
1980 to 1990	75	40	35
1991 to 2000	60	50	10
2001 to 2010	375	195	180
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,075	545	530
2011 to 2015	240	105	130
2016 to 2021	835	440	400
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	25	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,690	895	795
Under 5 years	195	100	100
5 to 14 years	445	255	190
15 to 24 years	220	115	110
25 to 44 years	755	380	375
45 years and over	70	50	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,690	895	795
Americas	325	185	145
Brazil	40	25	15
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	175	85	85
Peru	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Americas	60	35	20
Europe	580	310	270
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	175	95	80
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	90	50	40
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	205	90	110
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	20
Africa	65	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	15
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	700	355	350
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	365	160	205
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	10	15
India	40	30	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	235	140	95
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	835	435	395
Americas	100	65	30
Brazil	35	25	15
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	10
United States of America	20	20	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0
Europe	235	125	110
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	20	10
Ukraine	140	65	80
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	15
Africa	35	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	465	230	240
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	35	25	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	320	145	170
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	45	25
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,965	4,415	4,545
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,825	975	850
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,520	705	815
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,615	2,740	2,880
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,585	830	750
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,370	705	665
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	400	270	130
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	975	435	530
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	140	90	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	25	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,585	830	750
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	175	120	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,340	675	665
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,965	4,415	4,545
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	845	425	425
South Asian	85	40	45
Chinese	30	15	15
Black	85	50	35
Filipino	440	210	230
Arab	30	15	10
Latin American	120	60	55
Southeast Asian	25	15	10
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,115	3,995	4,120
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,965	4,415	4,545
Canadian	1,175	590	590
English	1,285	595	690
Irish	875	385	490
Scottish	1,010	460	550
French, n.o.s.¹²²	510	270	240
German	2,075	945	1,120
Chinese	40	30	10
Italian	110	50	60
Indian (India)	40	20	25
Ukrainian	815	395	410
Dutch	605	285	315
Polish	370	195	175
Québécois	15	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	195	80	115
Filipino	425	210	215
French Canadian	70	40	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	240	120	120
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	135	60	70
Métis	180	115	60
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	225	115	110
Russian	1,390	685	705
Norwegian	155	45	110
Welsh	130	55	70
Portuguese	35	25	10
American	55	15	40
Spanish	115	55	60
Swedish	135	60	75
Hungarian	30	25	10
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	10
Jewish	30	20	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	10
Greek	10	10	0
Jamaican	10	10	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	50	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	80	50	25
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	60	35	25
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	100	50	50
Danish	35	25	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	30	20	10
Sikh	10	0	0
Austrian	80	30	50
Belgian	130	60	65
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	405	180	225
Mennonite	1,260	625	635
Swiss	45	30	10
Finnish	20	0	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	50	25	35
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	105	55	50
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	45	10	35
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	70	40	35
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	15	0
Nigerian	20	15	10
Armenian	15	0	10
Slovak	30	25	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	50	20	25
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	20	10	15
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	20	15	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	25	10	15
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	85	45	45
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	45	25	20
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,960	4,415	4,545
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	6,455	3,040	3,420
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,490	1,210	1,280
Anabaptist	870	395	475
Anglican	200	75	120
Baptist	180	90	90
Catholic	755	375	370
Christian Orthodox	185	95	90
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	15
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	255	95	160
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	10	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	300	145	155
Presbyterian	30	15	15
Reformed	20	0	15
United Church	625	290	335
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	510	220	290
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0
Muslim	60	20	35
Sikh	35	20	15
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	20	15
No religion and secular perspectives	2,350	1,300	1,050
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,845	4,360	4,485
Non-movers	7,410	3,610	3,795
Movers	1,435	745	690
Non-migrants	800	440	365
Migrants	635	310	330
Internal migrants	545	270	275
Intraprovincial migrants	450	225	225
Interprovincial migrants	95	45	55
External migrants	85	35	55
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,395	4,155	4,240
Non-movers	4,430	2,145	2,290
Movers	3,965	2,010	1,955
Non-migrants	1,375	650	725
Migrants	2,595	1,360	1,225
Internal migrants	1,810	970	845
Intraprovincial migrants	1,610	870	745
Interprovincial migrants	200	105	100
External migrants	775	395	390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,120	3,475	3,645
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,655	890	765
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,465	2,585	2,880
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,460	2,225	2,240
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	620	390	230
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,840	1,835	2,005
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,115	3,475	3,645
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,525	835	685
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,390	1,275	1,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,200	1,360	1,840
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,960	825	1,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	475	265	210
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	225	105	125
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	245	165	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,230	470	760
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	95	165
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,245	535	705
Bachelor's degree	880	350	530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	70	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0
Master's degree	210	105	105
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,465	2,225	2,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	575	370	205
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,450	805	645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,440	1,050	1,390
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,375	580	795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	175	145
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	170	85	90
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	155	95	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	905	340	560
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	60	90
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,065	465	595
Bachelor's degree	730	300	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	65	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0
Master's degree	190	100	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,120	3,470	3,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,920	2,110	1,805
Education	390	105	285
13. Education	390	105	285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	10	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	0	40
Humanities	165	70	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	45	50
54. History	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290	95	200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	80
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	110	75	35
Business, management and public administration	640	255	385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	25	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	555	230	330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	45	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	495	455	45
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0
14. Engineering	60	55	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120	105	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	165	150	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0
48. Precision production	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	120	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140	110	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0
Health and related fields	720	110	610
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	695	100	595
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	65	115
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	130	25	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,460	2,220	2,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,025	1,175	845
Education	320	100	215
13. Education	320	100	215
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	10	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	0	40
Humanities	105	50	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	10
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	90	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	0	35
45. Social sciences	90	70	25
Business, management and public administration	525	205	325
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	15	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	465	190	280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	40	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	365	320	45
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10
14. Engineering	60	55	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	85	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	100	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	60	0
48. Precision production	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	90	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	80	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0
Health and related fields	545	95	450
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530	85	450
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	120	50	70
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80	10	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,460	2,220	2,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,025	1,175	845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,435	1,045	1,390
Location of study inside Canada	1,815	750	1,065
Same as province or territory of residence	1,580	645	940
Different than province or territory of residence	235	100	135
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	625	305	320
Americas	75	25	50
United States of America	40	15	25
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	215	100	115
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	35	20	15
Netherlands	10	10	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	10	25
Ukraine	105	45	55
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	25	15	10
Nigeria	15	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	310	160	150
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	205	115	90
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	60	20	35
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,115	3,475	3,645
In the labour force	4,610	2,505	2,105
Employed	4,245	2,335	1,915
Unemployed	360	170	190
Not in the labour force	2,515	975	1,540
Participation rate	64.8	72.1	57.8
Employment rate	59.7	67.2	52.5
Unemployment rate	7.8	6.8	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,120	3,470	3,645
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,465	915	1,550
Worked	4,650	2,555	2,095
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,530	1,605	920
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,120	945	1,175
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	43.4	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,605	2,500	2,105
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115	45	70
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,490	2,460	2,035
Employee	3,900	2,110	1,790
Permanent position	3,355	1,850	1,510
Temporary position	545	260	285
Fixed term (1 year or more)	85	20	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	460	235	220
Self-employed¹⁹²	595	355	240
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,605	2,500	2,105
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115	45	70
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,490	2,460	2,035
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	20	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	645	215	425
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	150	120	30
3 Health occupations	385	80	310
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	610	210	405
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	30	40
6 Sales and service occupations	1,055	465	590
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	855	815	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	125	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	540	370	165
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,605	2,500	2,105
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115	45	70
All industries¹⁹¹	4,490	2,460	2,035
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	140	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0
23 Construction	365	330	35
31-33 Manufacturing	890	630	265
41 Wholesale trade	130	110	25
44-45 Retail trade	525	260	265
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	140	125	20
51 Information and cultural industries	60	30	30
52 Finance and insurance	105	50	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	20	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	180	80	100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	65	30
61 Educational services	395	145	250
62 Health care and social assistance	725	120	605
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	50	10
72 Accommodation and food services	225	80	145
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	105	100
91 Public administration	175	105	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,915	2,685	2,230
English	4,680	2,580	2,105
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0
English and French	45	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	175	85	90
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,915	2,685	2,230
Single responses	4,870	2,655	2,215
Official languages	4,830	2,640	2,195
English	4,815	2,630	2,185
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	40	20	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	30	10
English and French	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,915	2,685	2,230
None	4,735	2,615	2,125
English	25	15	15
French	25	10	15
Non-official language	110	50	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	50	60
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,245	2,335	1,915
Worked at home	365	175	190
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	510	420	90
Usual place of work	3,365	1,735	1,630
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,365	1,735	1,630
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,815	870	945
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,385	770	615
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	165	90	75
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,880	2,155	1,725
Car, truck or van	3,615	2,015	1,600
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,350	1,920	1,435
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	260	95	165
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	165	70	95
Bicycle	55	45	10
Other method	50	30	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,880	2,155	1,725
Less than 15 minutes	2,430	1,260	1,165
15 to 29 minutes	1,120	635	490
30 to 44 minutes	180	135	45
45 to 59 minutes	15	15	0
60 minutes and over	135	110	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,880	2,155	1,725
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	160	135	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	890	585	305
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,030	630	400
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	905	390	510
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	320	150	170
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	575	270	310
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,200	1,150	1,055
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	60	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,080	1,090	990
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,575	840	735
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	40	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,480	790	690

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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