Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	SmithersMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,316	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,351	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.7	...	...	- 0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,282	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	508.0	...	...	508.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.46	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,320	2,575	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	965	480	490	18.1	18.6	17.9
0 to 4 years	330	175	150	6.2	6.8	5.5
5 to 9 years	295	130	170	5.5	5.0	6.2
10 to 14 years	345	175	170	6.5	6.8	6.2
15 to 64 years	3,390	1,685	1,705	63.7	65.4	62.1
15 to 19 years	320	165	155	6.0	6.4	5.6
20 to 24 years	270	150	120	5.1	5.8	4.4
25 to 29 years	355	195	165	6.7	7.6	6.0
30 to 34 years	420	200	220	7.9	7.8	8.0
35 to 39 years	390	180	215	7.3	7.0	7.8
40 to 44 years	340	175	170	6.4	6.8	6.2
45 to 49 years	350	185	170	6.6	7.2	6.2
50 to 54 years	285	135	150	5.4	5.2	5.5
55 to 59 years	310	150	160	5.8	5.8	5.8
60 to 64 years	345	165	185	6.5	6.4	6.7
65 years and over	965	410	555	18.1	15.9	20.2
65 to 69 years	280	130	145	5.3	5.0	5.3
70 to 74 years	225	95	125	4.2	3.7	4.6
75 to 79 years	200	75	125	3.8	2.9	4.6
80 to 84 years	125	55	70	2.3	2.1	2.6
85 years and over	140	55	85	2.6	2.1	3.1
85 to 89 years	80	35	45	1.5	1.4	1.6
90 to 94 years	45	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
95 to 99 years	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.1	18.6	17.9	18.1	18.6	17.9
15 to 64 years	63.7	65.4	62.1	63.7	65.4	62.1
65 years and over	18.1	15.9	20.2	18.1	15.9	20.2
85 years and over	2.6	2.1	3.1	2.6	2.1	3.1
Average age of the population	40.5	39.3	41.7	40.5	39.3	41.7
Median age of the population	39.2	38.0	40.4	39.2	38.0	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,420	...	...	62.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	130	...	...	5.7	...	...
Row house	75	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...	3.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	395	...	...	17.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	155	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	770	...	...	33.8	...	...
2 persons	760	...	...	33.3	...	...
3 persons	305	...	...	13.4	...	...
4 persons	285	...	...	12.5	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...	7.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,200	2,510	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,355	2,100	2,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,415	1,215	1,205	55.5	57.9	53.4
Married	1,865	940	930	42.8	44.8	41.2
Living common-law	550	275	275	12.6	13.1	12.2
Living common law - Never married	450	230	225	10.3	11.0	10.0
Living common law - Separated	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	75	35	35	1.7	1.7	1.6
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	1,935	885	1,050	44.4	42.1	46.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,180	665	510	27.1	31.7	22.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	145	60	90	3.3	2.9	4.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	315	115	200	7.2	5.5	8.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	295	45	250	6.8	2.1	11.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	740	...	...	52.3	...	...
3 persons	285	...	...	20.1	...	...
4 persons	265	...	...	18.7	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...	8.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,175	...	...	83.3	...	...
Married couples	900	...	...	63.8	...	...
With children⁶	465	...	...	33.0	...	...
Without children	435	...	...	30.9	...	...
Common-law couples	275	...	...	19.5	...	...
With children⁶	110	...	...	7.8	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	11.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	240	...	...	17.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	185	...	...	13.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,200	2,510	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,050	1,990	2,065	77.9	79.3	76.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,350	1,170	1,175	45.2	46.6	43.8
Parents in one-parent families	235	50	180	4.5	2.0	6.7
Children⁶	1,465	765	700	28.2	30.5	26.1
In a two-parent family	1,085	560	525	20.9	22.3	19.6
In a one-parent family	380	200	175	7.3	8.0	6.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,150	525	625	22.1	20.9	23.3
Living alone	770	310	460	14.8	12.4	17.1
Living with other relatives⁷	105	55	50	2.0	2.2	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	280	165	115	5.4	6.6	4.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,290	...	...	56.6	...	...
Couple-family households	1,100	...	...	48.2	...	...
With children⁶	535	...	...	23.5	...	...
Without children	565	...	...	24.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	190	...	...	8.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...	2.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	120	...	...	5.3	...	...
One-person households	770	...	...	33.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,235	2,040	2,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,140	1,980	2,155	97.8	97.1	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	56,400	38,400	45,600	56,400	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,140	1,980	2,155	97.8	97.1	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	49,200	35,600	41,600	49,200	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,855	1,885	1,970	91.0	92.4	89.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	51,600	28,800	38,400	51,600	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,200	1,630	1,565	75.6	79.9	71.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	55,200	31,000	42,000	55,200	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,375	1,500	1,875	79.7	73.5	85.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	7,200	10,900	9,200	7,200	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	205	200	9.4	10.0	9.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	6,000	5,480	5,680	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	960	425	530	22.7	20.8	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,000	8,000	7,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,185	2,005	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,080	1,945	2,140	97.5	97.0	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,500	62,550	45,320	53,500	62,550	45,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,080	1,945	2,140	97.5	97.0	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,360	52,950	40,360	46,360	52,950	40,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,760	1,840	1,920	89.8	91.8	88.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,480	58,500	38,880	48,480	58,500	38,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,155	1,610	1,545	75.4	80.3	70.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,640	58,150	38,760	48,640	58,150	38,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,320	1,450	1,865	79.3	72.3	85.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,860	9,520	11,900	10,860	9,520	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	205	220	10.2	10.2	10.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,040	6,850	7,250	7,040	6,850	7,250
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	965	450	520	23.1	22.4	23.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,980	6,960	8,840	7,980	6,960	8,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,185	2,005	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,415	790	620	33.8	39.4	28.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	74,500	58,400	68,500	74,500	58,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,700	78,000	63,600	71,700	78,000	63,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,415	695	725	33.8	34.7	33.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	30,800	17,400	23,400	30,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,360	40,600	24,440	32,360	40,600	24,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.6	88.6	77.0	83.6	88.6	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.4	77.0	61.9	70.4	77.0	61.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.5	11.4	23.0	16.5	11.4	23.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.3	6.2	4.6	3.3	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.6	4.7	3.5	2.6	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,235	2,040	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	100	55	45	2.4	2.7	2.1
With total income	4,135	1,985	2,155	97.6	97.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	285	105	180	6.9	5.3	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	380	150	235	9.2	7.6	10.9
$20,000 to $29,999	585	195	390	14.1	9.8	18.1
$30,000 to $39,999	545	220	325	13.2	11.1	15.1
$40,000 to $49,999	480	195	285	11.6	9.8	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	400	175	225	9.7	8.8	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	345	190	155	8.3	9.6	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	280	165	110	6.8	8.3	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	225	140	80	5.4	7.1	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	180	115	65	4.4	5.8	3.0
$100,000 and over	430	320	115	10.4	16.1	5.3
$100,000 to $149,999	335	245	95	8.1	12.3	4.4
$150,000 and over	95	75	20	2.3	3.8	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,235	2,040	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	100	55	45	2.4	2.7	2.1
With after-tax income	4,135	1,985	2,155	97.6	97.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	300	115	190	7.3	5.8	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	385	155	230	9.3	7.8	10.7
$20,000 to $29,999	690	235	460	16.7	11.8	21.3
$30,000 to $39,999	620	255	365	15.0	12.8	16.9
$40,000 to $49,999	550	250	295	13.3	12.6	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	445	220	225	10.8	11.1	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	380	220	160	9.2	11.1	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	260	175	85	6.3	8.8	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	180	120	65	4.4	6.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	130	90	40	3.1	4.5	1.9
$100,000 and over	195	145	45	4.7	7.3	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	120	90	25	2.9	4.5	1.2
$125,000 and over	75	60	20	1.8	3.0	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,235	2,040	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,040	410	635	24.6	20.1	28.9
With employment income	3,195	1,630	1,565	75.4	79.9	71.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	360	160	195	11.3	9.8	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	230	85	145	7.2	5.2	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	345	120	220	10.8	7.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	320	130	190	10.0	8.0	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	300	135	160	9.4	8.3	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	265	120	145	8.3	7.4	9.3
$50,000 to $59,999	255	120	130	8.0	7.4	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	235	135	100	7.4	8.3	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	220	140	80	6.9	8.6	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	205	130	80	6.4	8.0	5.1
$90,000 to $99,999	140	90	50	4.4	5.5	3.2
$100,000 and over	320	255	65	10.0	15.6	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	180	140	45	5.6	8.6	2.9
$125,000 and over	140	115	25	4.4	7.1	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,235	2,040	2,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,075	1,945	2,125	96.2	95.3	96.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,800	35,200	43,200	54,800	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,080	1,950	2,125	96.3	95.6	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	48,000	31,800	38,400	48,000	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,825	1,860	1,965	90.3	91.2	89.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	51,600	29,400	38,800	51,600	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,300	1,665	1,635	77.9	81.6	74.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	52,000	30,400	39,200	52,000	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,695	1,065	1,630	63.6	52.2	74.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,650	7,200	7,750	7,650	7,200	7,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	385	185	200	9.1	9.1	9.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,120	5,640	5,520	5,120	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,185	2,005	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,995	1,905	2,090	95.5	95.0	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,040	60,650	42,320	51,040	60,650	42,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,000	1,905	2,095	95.6	95.0	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,760	50,800	37,360	43,760	50,800	37,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,700	1,780	1,915	88.4	88.8	87.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,600	59,500	38,440	48,600	59,500	38,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,225	1,630	1,595	77.1	81.3	73.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,720	56,350	36,880	46,720	56,350	36,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,720	1,125	1,590	65.0	56.1	72.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,890	8,200	9,380	8,890	8,200	9,380
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	180	180	8.6	9.0	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,720	6,700	6,700	6,720	6,700	6,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,185	2,005	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,405	780	625	33.6	38.9	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	73,500	52,800	63,200	73,500	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	73,600	56,600	66,000	73,600	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,325	645	675	31.7	32.2	31.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,400	33,600	23,200	27,400	33,600	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,080	44,500	28,050	36,080	44,500	28,050
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.2	92.0	83.2	88.2	92.0	83.2
Employment income (%)	73.8	79.6	66.4	73.8	79.6	66.4
Government transfers (%)	11.8	8.0	16.8	11.8	8.0	16.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,280	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,300	...	...	96,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,900	...	...	46,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,500	...	...	118,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	102,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	4.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	3.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	3.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	6.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	165	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	900	...	...	39.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	275	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...	9.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	260	...	...	11.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	150	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	205	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	185	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	720	...	...	31.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	285	...	...	12.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	205	...	...	9.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...	10.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,050	475	570	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	51,200	40,800	45,200	51,200	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	44,800	37,600	40,800	44,800	37,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,500	...	...	118,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,300	...	...	102,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,200	...	...	95,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...	122,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040	475	560	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,400	55,600	46,000	50,400	55,600	46,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,200	47,600	41,200	44,200	47,600	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,205	2,515	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,165	580	585	22.4	23.1	21.7
0 to 5 years	385	200	185	7.4	8.0	6.9
18 to 64 years	3,145	1,560	1,585	60.4	62.0	58.9
65 years and over	890	375	515	17.1	14.9	19.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	420	160	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	100	50	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	190	80	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	130	30	100	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.1	6.3	9.8	8.1	6.3	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.4	8.8	8.6	8.4	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	5.1	7.2	6.2	5.1	7.2
65 years and over (%)	14.4	8.0	18.8	14.4	8.0	18.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,200	2,510	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,160	580	580	22.3	23.1	21.6
0 to 5 years	385	195	185	7.4	7.8	6.9
18 to 64 years	3,150	1,560	1,590	60.6	62.2	59.2
65 years and over	890	375	520	17.1	14.9	19.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	95	40	55	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	65	30	35	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	5	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.7	2.0	1.8	1.7	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1	1.9	2.2	2.1	1.9	2.2
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.2	2.0	1.8	1.2	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,205	2,515	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,470	1,110	1,360	47.5	44.1	50.6
In bottom decile	375	145	230	7.2	5.8	8.6
In second decile	470	200	270	9.0	8.0	10.0
In third decile	450	220	230	8.6	8.7	8.6
In fourth decile	635	285	345	12.2	11.3	12.8
In fifth decile	540	260	285	10.4	10.3	10.6
In top half of the distribution	2,730	1,400	1,335	52.4	55.7	49.6
In sixth decile	560	285	275	10.8	11.3	10.2
In seventh decile	650	315	330	12.5	12.5	12.3
In eighth decile	595	310	285	11.4	12.3	10.6
In ninth decile	510	260	245	9.8	10.3	9.1
In top decile	420	225	195	8.1	8.9	7.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,200	...	...	5,200	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.371	...	...	0.371	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.251	...	...	0.251	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,225	2,530	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,870	2,370	2,500	93.2	93.7	92.6
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	335	150	190	6.4	5.9	7.0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,225	2,530	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,150	2,490	2,655	98.6	98.4	98.3
French	55	30	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
English and French	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,225	2,530	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,095	2,455	2,640	97.5	97.0	97.8
Official languages	4,575	2,220	2,350	87.6	87.7	87.0
English	4,515	2,195	2,320	86.4	86.8	85.9
French	60	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.1
Non-official languages	520	235	285	10.0	9.3	10.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Dakelh (Carrier)	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	495	220	280	9.5	8.7	10.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	15	0.3	0.4	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	30	45	1.3	1.2	1.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	325	140	185	6.2	5.5	6.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	65	85	2.9	2.6	3.1
Frisian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
High German languages	65	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.3
German	60	30	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	25	40	1.3	1.0	1.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	65	20	35	1.2	0.8	1.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	35	1.5	1.6	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	1.4	1.6	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	5	15	0.5	0.2	0.6
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	70	60	2.6	2.8	2.2
English and French	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	1.5	1.6	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,225	2,530	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,730	2,295	2,435	90.5	90.7	90.2
French	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	95	45	45	1.8	1.8	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	45	45	1.8	1.8	1.7
English and French	35	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	330	145	185	6.3	5.7	6.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,225	2,530	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,160	2,495	2,665	98.8	98.6	98.7
Official languages	4,965	2,395	2,570	95.0	94.7	95.2
English	4,940	2,380	2,555	94.5	94.1	94.6
French	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Non-official languages	195	105	95	3.7	4.2	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	100	95	3.7	4.0	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Amharic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	55	55	2.0	2.2	2.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	1.2	1.4	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	1.2	1.4	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25	0.9	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	65	35	35	1.2	1.4	1.3
English and French	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,230	2,530	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,905	2,385	2,520	93.8	94.3	93.3
English	95	50	45	1.8	2.0	1.7
French	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	175	65	110	3.3	2.6	4.1
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	15	0.3	0.2	0.6
Non-Indigenous	160	60	100	3.1	2.4	3.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,150	2,470	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,140	2,465	2,680	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	5,140	2,465	2,680	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	310	145	165	6.0	5.9	6.1
Non-official languages	845	385	465	16.4	15.6	17.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	55	15	40	1.1	0.6	1.5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Dakelh (Carrier)	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	370	420	15.3	15.0	15.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	45	75	2.3	1.8	2.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	45	75	2.1	1.8	2.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	555	265	290	10.8	10.7	10.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	235	85	145	4.6	3.4	5.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	40	60	1.9	1.6	2.2
German	100	40	60	1.9	1.6	2.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	40	80	2.4	1.6	3.0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Dutch	110	40	75	2.1	1.6	2.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	110	55	3.3	4.5	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	170	110	55	3.3	4.5	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	75	55	20	1.5	2.2	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	85	40	2.3	3.4	1.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	65	35	30	1.3	1.4	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	50	70	2.2	2.0	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.7
Portuguese	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	40	40	1.6	1.6	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	540	245	295	10.5	9.9	11.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	465	215	255	9.0	8.7	9.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	165	210	7.4	6.7	7.8
Métis	90	45	45	1.7	1.8	1.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.1
Non-Indigenous identity	4,610	2,225	2,385	89.5	90.1	89.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	355	160	195	6.9	6.5	7.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,795	2,305	2,485	93.1	93.3	92.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,590	...	...	70.2	...	...
Renter	675	...	...	29.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	205	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not condominium	2,065	...	...	91.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
1 bedroom	245	...	...	10.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	580	...	...	25.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	670	...	...	29.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	740	...	...	32.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	655	...	...	28.9	...	...
5 rooms	340	...	...	15.0	...	...
6 rooms	285	...	...	12.6	...	...
7 rooms	330	...	...	14.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	655	...	...	28.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,250	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,225	...	...	98.2	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	355	...	...	15.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	860	...	...	38.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	415	...	...	18.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	355	...	...	15.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	1.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	95	...	...	4.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	90	...	...	4.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	55	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,135	...	...	94.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	135	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,255	...	...	55.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	945	...	...	41.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	65	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	440	...	...	19.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	355	...	...	15.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	430	...	...	19.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	370	...	...	16.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	305	...	...	13.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	215	...	...	9.5	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,990	...	...	87.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	275	...	...	12.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	250	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	420	...	...	18.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	260	...	...	11.5	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	4.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,845	...	...	81.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	90	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not in core need	2,150	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,595	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.9	...	...	54.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,153	...	...	1,153	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	393,600	...	...	393,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	675	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.4	...	...	24.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,052	...	...	1,052	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,150	2,465	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	275	130	140	5.3	5.3	5.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	275	130	140	5.3	5.3	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	235	125	115	4.6	5.1	4.3
Métis single ancestry	30	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	340	140	195	6.6	5.7	7.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	340	140	195	6.6	5.7	7.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	245	95	150	4.8	3.9	5.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	45	50	1.7	1.8	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,540	2,195	2,340	88.2	89.0	87.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,815	2,290	2,530	93.5	92.7	94.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,090	515	575	21.2	20.9	21.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,730	1,770	1,955	72.4	71.7	72.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	335	185	150	6.5	7.5	5.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,350	2,120	2,235	84.5	85.8	83.4
Immigrants⁸¹	645	245	395	12.5	9.9	14.7
Before 1980	260	90	165	5.0	3.6	6.2
1980 to 1990	40	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.3
1991 to 2000	70	25	45	1.4	1.0	1.7
2001 to 2010	65	25	35	1.3	1.0	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	205	100	110	4.0	4.0	4.1
2011 to 2015	80	25	55	1.6	1.0	2.1
2016 to 2021	130	75	60	2.5	3.0	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	105	50	3.0	4.3	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	645	250	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	65	40	30	10.1	16.0	7.6
5 to 14 years	120	45	80	18.6	18.0	20.3
15 to 24 years	90	40	50	14.0	16.0	12.7
25 to 44 years	320	100	225	49.6	40.0	57.0
45 years and over	40	25	20	6.2	10.0	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	645	250	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	15	70	14.0	6.0	17.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	55	10	55	8.5	4.0	13.9
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	3.9	4.0	2.5
Europe	320	120	205	49.6	48.0	51.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	1.6	4.0	0.0
Germany	55	20	35	8.5	8.0	8.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.5
Netherlands	95	35	65	14.7	14.0	16.5
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	25	45	10.9	10.0	11.4
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	20	6.2	8.0	5.1
Africa	30	10	20	4.7	4.0	5.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	175	85	90	27.1	34.0	22.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	70	20	50	10.9	8.0	12.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	30	15	6.2	12.0	3.8
Pakistan	55	30	25	8.5	12.0	6.3
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	15	10	4.7	6.0	2.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	130	75	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	15	11.5	0.0	25.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	7.7	0.0	16.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	7.7	13.3	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	50	40	65.4	66.7	66.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	10	15.4	13.3	16.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	55	30	25	42.3	40.0	41.7
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,150	2,470	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	840	365	475	16.3	14.8	17.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	965	480	485	18.7	19.4	18.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,345	1,620	1,725	65.0	65.6	64.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	385	155	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	175	90	85	45.5	58.1	37.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	95	65	30	24.7	41.9	13.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	80	25	55	20.8	16.1	23.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	145	25	115	37.7	16.1	50.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	40	30	16.9	25.8	13.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	385	155	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	120	50	70	31.2	32.3	30.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	2.6	0.0	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	30	0	9.1	19.4	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	220	75	150	57.1	48.4	65.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	500	265	240	9.7	10.7	9.0
South Asian	195	130	70	3.8	5.3	2.6
Chinese	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.7
Black	50	25	30	1.0	1.0	1.1
Filipino	140	65	80	2.7	2.6	3.0
Arab	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Latin American	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,650	2,205	2,445	90.3	89.3	91.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	560	260	295	10.9	10.5	11.0
English	1,235	530	705	24.0	21.5	26.3
Irish	830	375	460	16.1	15.2	17.2
Scottish	1,125	525	595	21.8	21.3	22.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	420	180	240	8.2	7.3	9.0
German	745	350	390	14.5	14.2	14.6
Chinese	55	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.1
Italian	145	65	80	2.8	2.6	3.0
Indian (India)	130	85	40	2.5	3.4	1.5
Ukrainian	290	155	135	5.6	6.3	5.0
Dutch	830	395	435	16.1	16.0	16.2
Polish	200	110	90	3.9	4.5	3.4
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	240	120	120	4.7	4.9	4.5
Filipino	95	45	55	1.8	1.8	2.1
French Canadian	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	130	55	75	2.5	2.2	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	140	80	60	2.7	3.2	2.2
Métis	115	50	70	2.2	2.0	2.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	50	35	1.7	2.0	1.3
Russian	115	60	55	2.2	2.4	2.1
Norwegian	260	90	170	5.0	3.6	6.3
Welsh	90	40	50	1.7	1.6	1.9
Portuguese	60	25	40	1.2	1.0	1.5
American	170	80	90	3.3	3.2	3.4
Spanish	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Swedish	220	110	105	4.3	4.5	3.9
Hungarian	65	30	35	1.3	1.2	1.3
Acadian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	65	30	30	1.3	1.2	1.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Jewish	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	15	35	0.9	0.6	1.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	75	50	25	1.5	2.0	0.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	40	65	2.0	1.6	2.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Belgian	40	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	55	20	30	1.1	0.8	1.1
Swiss	105	50	60	2.0	2.0	2.2
Finnish	70	40	35	1.4	1.6	1.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	75	35	40	1.5	1.4	1.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	55	40	25	1.1	1.6	0.9
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,150	2,470	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Christian	2,200	910	1,290	42.7	36.8	48.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	585	260	330	11.4	10.5	12.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	160	80	80	3.1	3.2	3.0
Baptist	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Catholic	650	245	405	12.6	9.9	15.1
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Latter Day Saints	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Lutheran	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Presbyterian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Reformed	300	125	180	5.8	5.1	6.7
United Church	185	65	115	3.6	2.6	4.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	140	60	80	2.7	2.4	3.0
Hindu	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Jewish	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	95	75	25	1.8	3.0	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	2,765	1,455	1,310	53.7	58.9	48.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,095	2,440	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,555	2,175	2,380	89.4	89.1	89.6
Movers	540	260	275	10.6	10.7	10.4
Non-migrants	285	135	150	5.6	5.5	5.6
Migrants	255	130	130	5.0	5.3	4.9
Internal migrants	215	115	100	4.2	4.7	3.8
Intraprovincial migrants	180	90	90	3.5	3.7	3.4
Interprovincial migrants	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
External migrants	45	20	30	0.9	0.8	1.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,770	2,265	2,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	2,645	1,245	1,400	55.5	55.0	55.9
Movers	2,120	1,015	1,105	44.4	44.8	44.1
Non-migrants	625	320	305	13.1	14.1	12.2
Migrants	1,495	700	800	31.3	30.9	31.9
Internal migrants	1,275	560	710	26.7	24.7	28.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,030	445	585	21.6	19.6	23.4
Interprovincial migrants	250	120	130	5.2	5.3	5.2
External migrants	220	135	90	4.6	6.0	3.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,185	2,000	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	800	390	415	19.1	19.5	19.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,380	1,615	1,765	80.8	80.8	81.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,730	1,325	1,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	300	155	140	11.0	11.7	10.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,430	1,175	1,255	89.0	88.7	90.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,185	2,005	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	710	325	385	17.0	16.2	17.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,305	645	660	31.2	32.2	30.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,165	1,035	1,135	51.7	51.6	51.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,240	610	625	29.6	30.4	28.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	290	90	9.0	14.5	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	85	45	3.2	4.2	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	240	195	40	5.7	9.7	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	745	290	455	17.8	14.5	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	40	80	2.9	2.0	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	925	420	505	22.1	20.9	23.1
Bachelor's degree	625	290	330	14.9	14.5	15.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	30	40	1.7	1.5	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Master's degree	215	100	120	5.1	5.0	5.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,730	1,330	1,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	135	115	9.2	10.2	8.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	820	425	395	30.0	32.0	28.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	770	885	60.8	57.9	63.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	405	460	31.7	30.5	32.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	185	55	8.8	13.9	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	60	25	3.1	4.5	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	150	130	25	5.5	9.8	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	550	195	355	20.1	14.7	25.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	30	50	2.7	2.3	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	795	365	425	29.1	27.4	30.4
Bachelor's degree	540	250	285	19.8	18.8	20.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	25	30	2.2	1.9	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Master's degree	180	80	100	6.6	6.0	7.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,185	2,005	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,020	970	1,050	48.3	48.4	48.1
Education	225	50	175	5.4	2.5	8.0
13. Education	225	50	175	5.4	2.5	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	35	25	1.4	1.7	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	25	1.2	1.2	1.1
Humanities	90	30	55	2.2	1.5	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	60	160	5.4	3.0	7.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	1.2	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	10	40	1.2	0.5	1.8
45. Social sciences	85	35	50	2.0	1.7	2.3
Business, management and public administration	350	140	205	8.4	7.0	9.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	320	135	190	7.6	6.7	8.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	60	45	2.5	3.0	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	30	30	1.3	1.5	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	0.2	0.5	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	440	400	40	10.5	20.0	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
14. Engineering	50	40	0	1.2	2.0	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	60	15	1.8	3.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	130	130	0	3.1	6.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	125	0	3.1	6.2	0.0
48. Precision production	45	35	0	1.1	1.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	155	55	5.0	7.7	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	15	0.6	0.7	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	135	40	4.3	6.7	1.8
Health and related fields	325	35	285	7.8	1.7	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	20	10	0.8	1.0	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	290	15	275	6.9	0.7	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	45	75	3.0	2.2	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	10	60	1.6	0.5	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	30	10	1.0	1.5	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,730	1,330	1,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,070	560	510	39.2	42.1	36.4
Education	170	45	120	6.2	3.4	8.6
13. Education	170	45	120	6.2	3.4	8.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	20	1.6	2.3	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	25	20	1.6	1.9	1.4
Humanities	65	35	30	2.4	2.6	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
54. History	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	40	140	6.6	3.0	10.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	1.5	0.0	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	0	35	1.5	0.0	2.5
45. Social sciences	75	30	45	2.7	2.3	3.2
Business, management and public administration	265	100	165	9.7	7.5	11.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	235	90	145	8.6	6.8	10.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	35	2.6	3.0	2.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	20	25	1.5	1.5	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	305	280	30	11.2	21.1	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.5	0.8	0.7
14. Engineering	45	35	0	1.6	2.6	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	35	10	1.6	2.6	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	105	105	0	3.8	7.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	65	0	2.7	4.9	0.0
48. Precision production	25	20	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	125	45	6.2	9.4	3.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0.7	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	120	35	5.5	9.0	2.5
Health and related fields	250	35	215	9.2	2.6	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	20	15	1.1	1.5	1.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	220	15	205	8.1	1.1	14.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	35	60	3.7	2.6	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	10	55	2.2	0.8	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	20	10	1.3	1.5	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,730	1,330	1,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,070	560	510	39.2	42.1	36.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,655	775	885	60.6	58.3	63.2
Location of study inside Canada	1,440	665	770	52.7	50.0	55.0
Same as province or territory of residence	945	425	520	34.6	32.0	37.1
Different than province or territory of residence	490	240	250	17.9	18.0	17.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	225	110	115	8.2	8.3	8.2
Americas	50	25	25	1.8	1.9	1.8
United States of America	45	25	15	1.6	1.9	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	60	25	35	2.2	1.9	2.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	20	1.1	0.8	1.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	80	40	35	2.9	3.0	2.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	25	25	2.0	1.9	1.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,185	2,005	2,180	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,950	1,545	1,405	...	...	...
Employed	2,765	1,455	1,315	...	...	...
Unemployed	185	90	90	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,235	455	780	...	...	...
Participation rate	70.5	77.1	64.4	70.5	77.1	64.4
Employment rate	66.1	72.6	60.3	66.1	72.6	60.3
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.8	6.4	6.3	5.8	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,185	2,005	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,270	465	810	30.3	23.2	37.1
Worked	2,915	1,540	1,375	69.7	76.8	62.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,465	825	640	35.0	41.1	29.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,455	720	735	34.8	35.9	33.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	42.2	39.8	41.1	42.2	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,945	1,550	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	1.9	1.3	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,890	1,525	1,370	98.1	98.4	97.5
Employee	2,530	1,330	1,200	85.9	85.8	85.4
Permanent position	2,015	1,090	925	68.4	70.3	65.8
Temporary position	510	245	270	17.3	15.8	19.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	150	50	95	5.1	3.2	6.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	365	200	170	12.4	12.9	12.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	365	195	170	12.4	12.6	12.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,945	1,550	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	1.9	1.3	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,890	1,525	1,370	98.1	98.4	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	15	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	390	95	290	13.2	6.1	20.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	220	175	45	7.5	11.3	3.2
3 Health occupations	200	15	190	6.8	1.0	13.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	420	150	265	14.3	9.7	18.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	30	60	2.9	1.9	4.3
6 Sales and service occupations	785	345	435	26.7	22.3	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	595	560	35	20.2	36.1	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	105	75	25	3.6	4.8	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	70	65	10	2.4	4.2	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,945	1,550	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	1.9	1.3	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	2,890	1,525	1,370	98.1	98.4	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	90	15	3.6	5.8	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	75	25	3.4	4.8	1.8
22 Utilities	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
23 Construction	215	190	25	7.3	12.3	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	140	95	40	4.8	6.1	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	80	40	35	2.7	2.6	2.5
44-45 Retail trade	415	200	215	14.1	12.9	15.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	220	190	35	7.5	12.3	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	15	1.2	1.3	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	60	15	45	2.0	1.0	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	90	95	6.5	5.8	6.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	40	30	2.4	2.6	2.1
61 Educational services	185	60	125	6.3	3.9	8.9
62 Health care and social assistance	370	60	315	12.6	3.9	22.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	25	50	2.7	1.6	3.6
72 Accommodation and food services	220	145	75	7.5	9.4	5.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	45	75	4.1	2.9	5.3
91 Public administration	260	110	150	8.8	7.1	10.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,130	1,640	1,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,085	1,620	1,465	98.6	98.8	98.3
French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,130	1,640	1,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,125	1,640	1,485	99.8	100.0	99.7
Official languages	3,120	1,635	1,485	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	3,105	1,635	1,470	99.2	99.7	98.7
French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,130	1,640	1,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,095	1,620	1,470	98.9	98.8	98.7
English	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,765	1,455	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	355	165	190	12.8	11.3	14.4
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	295	245	60	10.7	16.8	4.6
Usual place of work	2,105	1,045	1,060	76.1	71.8	80.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,110	1,045	1,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,725	795	930	81.8	76.1	87.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	315	205	110	14.9	19.6	10.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	30	3.1	3.3	2.8
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,405	1,285	1,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,710	905	810	71.1	70.4	72.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,600	855	740	66.5	66.5	66.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110	45	65	4.6	3.5	5.8
Public transit	25	25	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Walked	485	250	230	20.2	19.5	20.5
Bicycle	155	100	55	6.4	7.8	4.9
Other method	35	10	25	1.5	0.8	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,405	1,285	1,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,885	950	935	78.4	73.9	83.5
15 to 29 minutes	325	190	130	13.5	14.8	11.6
30 to 44 minutes	80	55	25	3.3	4.3	2.2
45 to 59 minutes	25	25	10	1.0	1.9	0.9
60 minutes and over	90	65	30	3.7	5.1	2.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,405	1,285	1,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	65	50	15	2.7	3.9	1.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	275	190	80	11.4	14.8	7.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	510	280	235	21.2	21.8	21.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	745	300	445	31.0	23.3	39.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	390	185	205	16.2	14.4	18.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	415	280	135	17.3	21.8	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,190	595	595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	25	4.6	5.0	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,140	570	570	95.8	95.8	95.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	850	420	430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	15	4.1	3.6	3.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	5	1.8	2.4	1.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	2.4	2.4	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	810	395	415	95.3	94.0	96.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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