Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	ThompsonMore information: Manitoba [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,329	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,037^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 5.4	...	...	- 5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,222	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,472	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,578.9	...	...	1,578.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.81	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,330	6,225	6,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,105	1,570	1,530	25.2	25.2	25.1
0 to 4 years	1,010	520	485	8.2	8.4	7.9
5 to 9 years	1,045	530	515	8.5	8.5	8.4
10 to 14 years	1,050	520	530	8.5	8.4	8.7
15 to 64 years	8,305	4,185	4,115	67.4	67.2	67.4
15 to 19 years	840	430	410	6.8	6.9	6.7
20 to 24 years	895	460	435	7.3	7.4	7.1
25 to 29 years	1,020	495	525	8.3	8.0	8.6
30 to 34 years	1,020	505	510	8.3	8.1	8.4
35 to 39 years	865	430	435	7.0	6.9	7.1
40 to 44 years	860	415	445	7.0	6.7	7.3
45 to 49 years	735	360	375	6.0	5.8	6.1
50 to 54 years	760	380	380	6.2	6.1	6.2
55 to 59 years	760	415	345	6.2	6.7	5.7
60 to 64 years	545	300	245	4.4	4.8	4.0
65 years and over	925	465	460	7.5	7.5	7.5
65 to 69 years	380	205	175	3.1	3.3	2.9
70 to 74 years	255	135	125	2.1	2.2	2.0
75 to 79 years	160	80	80	1.3	1.3	1.3
80 to 84 years	85	40	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
85 years and over	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
85 to 89 years	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
90 to 94 years	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.2	25.2	25.1	25.2	25.2	25.1
15 to 64 years	67.4	67.2	67.4	67.4	67.2	67.4
65 years and over	7.5	7.5	7.5	7.5	7.5	7.5
85 years and over	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.4
Average age of the population	33.1	33.2	33.0	33.1	33.2	33.0
Median age of the population	31.4	31.6	31.2	31.4	31.6	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,260	...	...	50.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
Row house	330	...	...	7.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,175	...	...	26.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	155	...	...	3.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	435	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,140	...	...	25.5	...	...
2 persons	1,265	...	...	28.3	...	...
3 persons	800	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	695	...	...	15.5	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	12.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,180	6,130	6,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,230	4,655	4,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,860	2,445	2,410	52.7	52.5	52.7
Married	3,495	1,775	1,720	37.9	38.1	37.6
Living common-law	1,365	670	690	14.8	14.4	15.1
Living common law - Never married	1,130	550	575	12.2	11.8	12.6
Living common law - Separated	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	170	90	80	1.8	1.9	1.7
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	4,375	2,210	2,160	47.4	47.5	47.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,475	1,850	1,625	37.6	39.7	35.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	245	110	135	2.7	2.4	3.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	345	180	165	3.7	3.9	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	310	75	235	3.4	1.6	5.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,355	...	...	42.7	...	...
3 persons	800	...	...	25.2	...	...
4 persons	655	...	...	20.6	...	...
5 or more persons	365	...	...	11.5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,340	...	...	73.7	...	...
Married couples	1,660	...	...	52.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,005	...	...	31.7	...	...
Without children	655	...	...	20.6	...	...
Common-law couples	680	...	...	21.4	...	...
With children⁶	395	...	...	12.4	...	...
Without children	280	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	830	...	...	26.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	630	...	...	19.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	200	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,180	6,130	6,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,765	4,775	4,990	80.2	77.9	82.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,680	2,335	2,350	38.4	38.1	38.9
Parents in one-parent families	835	205	635	6.9	3.3	10.5
Children⁶	4,250	2,240	2,010	34.9	36.5	33.3
In a two-parent family	2,670	1,420	1,245	21.9	23.2	20.6
In a one-parent family	1,580	825	760	13.0	13.5	12.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,415	1,360	1,050	19.8	22.2	17.4
Living alone	1,140	655	485	9.4	10.7	8.0
Living with other relatives⁷	660	340	315	5.4	5.5	5.2
Living with non-relatives only	610	360	250	5.0	5.9	4.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,570	...	...	57.4	...	...
Couple-family households	1,995	...	...	44.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,195	...	...	26.7	...	...
Without children	795	...	...	17.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	580	...	...	13.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	170	...	...	3.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
One-person households	1,140	...	...	25.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,085	4,570	4,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,640	4,345	4,295	95.1	95.1	95.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	54,400	41,200	46,800	54,400	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,660	4,355	4,305	95.3	95.3	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,800	37,200	41,200	46,800	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,425	3,885	3,540	81.7	85.0	78.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	55,200	36,000	45,600	55,200	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,915	3,680	3,240	76.1	80.5	71.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,000	38,000	45,200	54,000	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,740	3,830	3,910	85.2	83.8	86.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	2,600	8,300	5,200	2,600	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	915	395	515	10.1	8.6	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,080	5,680	6,000	6,080	5,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,250	945	1,305	24.8	20.7	28.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,065	4,540	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,595	4,310	4,285	94.8	94.9	94.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,750	64,100	51,400	57,750	64,100	51,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,605	4,320	4,285	94.9	95.2	94.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,160	50,680	43,600	47,160	50,680	43,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,415	3,815	3,605	81.8	84.0	79.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,150	65,400	48,480	57,150	65,400	48,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,920	3,660	3,260	76.3	80.6	72.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,700	61,450	49,240	55,700	61,450	49,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,625	3,755	3,875	84.1	82.7	85.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,450	7,120	11,700	9,450	7,120	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	905	385	520	10.0	8.5	11.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,840	5,960	7,480	6,840	5,960	7,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,075	880	1,195	22.9	19.4	26.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,840	8,640	8,980	8,840	8,640	8,980
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,060	4,540	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,505	1,870	1,630	38.7	41.2	36.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,500	84,000	62,800	73,500	84,000	62,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,500	83,800	70,200	77,500	83,800	70,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,485	1,250	1,235	27.4	27.5	27.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	27,000	19,400	23,200	27,000	19,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,520	43,800	29,200	36,520	43,800	29,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.4	90.4	79.4	85.4	90.4	79.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	77.6	81.4	73.0	77.6	81.4	73.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.5	9.7	20.6	14.5	9.7	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.8	1.8	1.2	0.8	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.3	6.2	4.6	3.3	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.8	4.9	3.7	2.8	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,080	4,565	4,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	440	220	220	4.8	4.8	4.9
With total income	8,645	4,350	4,295	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	865	405	460	10.0	9.3	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	855	400	455	9.9	9.2	10.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,040	440	605	12.0	10.1	14.1
$30,000 to $39,999	940	385	555	10.9	8.9	12.9
$40,000 to $49,999	900	385	515	10.4	8.9	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	735	335	405	8.5	7.7	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	600	285	310	6.9	6.6	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	430	220	210	5.0	5.1	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	380	200	175	4.4	4.6	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	370	215	160	4.3	4.9	3.7
$100,000 and over	1,520	1,070	450	17.6	24.6	10.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,215	855	365	14.1	19.7	8.5
$150,000 and over	305	220	85	3.5	5.1	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,080	4,565	4,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	430	210	215	4.7	4.6	4.8
With after-tax income	8,655	4,355	4,300	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	890	415	475	10.3	9.5	11.0
$10,000 to $19,999	915	430	485	10.6	9.9	11.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,220	510	710	14.1	11.7	16.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,145	515	635	13.2	11.8	14.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,040	465	575	12.0	10.7	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	765	365	400	8.8	8.4	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	595	310	285	6.9	7.1	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	610	355	255	7.0	8.2	5.9
$80,000 to $89,999	535	345	190	6.2	7.9	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	375	260	115	4.3	6.0	2.7
$100,000 and over	560	390	175	6.5	9.0	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	385	265	125	4.4	6.1	2.9
$125,000 and over	175	120	55	2.0	2.8	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,080	4,565	4,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,170	890	1,280	23.9	19.5	28.3
With employment income	6,915	3,675	3,235	76.2	80.5	71.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	780	420	360	11.3	11.4	11.1
$5,000 to $9,999	450	190	260	6.5	5.2	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	695	310	385	10.1	8.4	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	665	295	370	9.6	8.0	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	610	300	315	8.8	8.2	9.7
$40,000 to $49,999	525	235	290	7.6	6.4	9.0
$50,000 to $59,999	520	235	285	7.5	6.4	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	375	200	175	5.4	5.4	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	335	185	145	4.8	5.0	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	290	160	125	4.2	4.4	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	340	200	145	4.9	5.4	4.5
$100,000 and over	1,330	955	380	19.2	26.0	11.7
$100,000 to $124,999	730	490	235	10.6	13.3	7.3
$125,000 and over	605	455	145	8.7	12.4	4.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,085	4,570	4,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,375	4,210	4,170	92.2	92.1	92.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	52,000	37,200	43,600	52,000	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,385	4,210	4,170	92.3	92.1	92.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,200	34,000	38,800	45,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,395	3,850	3,540	81.4	84.2	78.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,000	35,600	43,600	54,000	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,955	3,700	3,255	76.6	81.0	72.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	51,200	36,800	42,800	51,200	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,015	3,510	3,505	77.2	76.8	77.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,700	980	5,120	1,700	980	5,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	770	325	445	8.5	7.1	9.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	8,200	6,280	7,100	8,200	6,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,065	4,540	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,255	4,130	4,130	91.1	91.0	91.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,200	64,500	47,960	56,200	64,500	47,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,255	4,130	4,130	91.1	91.0	91.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,720	50,760	40,720	45,720	50,760	40,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,330	3,755	3,580	80.9	82.7	79.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,000	66,300	47,240	57,000	66,300	47,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,855	3,615	3,245	75.6	79.6	71.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,950	62,900	48,160	55,950	62,900	48,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,815	3,315	3,500	75.2	73.0	77.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,740	5,150	8,260	6,740	5,150	8,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	715	280	435	7.9	6.2	9.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,880	8,100	7,720	7,880	8,100	7,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,060	4,540	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,465	1,845	1,615	38.2	40.6	35.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	82,000	62,800	69,000	82,000	62,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,700	82,600	65,600	74,700	82,600	65,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,270	1,155	1,115	25.1	25.4	24.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	34,000	25,600	28,400	34,000	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,280	50,600	33,600	42,280	50,600	33,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	93.6	85.4	90.0	93.6	85.4
Employment income (%)	82.6	85.4	79.0	82.6	85.4	79.0
Government transfers (%)	9.9	6.4	14.6	9.9	6.4	14.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.7	1.2	0.9	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,500	...	...	111,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,200	...	...	91,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,200	...	...	128,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	2.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	5.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	295	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,145	...	...	48.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	555	...	...	12.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	415	...	...	9.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	610	...	...	13.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	555	...	...	12.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	2.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	115	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	170	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	375	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	350	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	7.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,690	...	...	37.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	435	...	...	9.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	660	...	...	14.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,150	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,750	1,020	735	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	50,800	44,400	48,000	50,800	44,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	42,800	39,600	41,600	42,800	39,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...	127,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...	104,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	770	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...	137,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,200	...	...	108,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,485	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,600	...	...	150,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...	122,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,800	...	...	65,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,750	915	835	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,950	61,900	51,500	56,950	61,900	51,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,040	50,000	43,800	47,040	50,000	43,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,175	6,135	6,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,605	1,825	1,785	29.6	29.7	29.5
0 to 5 years	1,220	630	595	10.0	10.3	9.8
18 to 64 years	7,685	3,855	3,825	63.1	62.8	63.3
65 years and over	885	450	435	7.3	7.3	7.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,715	785	930	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	775	390	380	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	320	165	160	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	865	360	500	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	30	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.8	15.4	14.1	12.8	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	21.4	21.6	21.3	21.4	21.6	21.3
0 to 5 years (%)	26.5	26.0	26.8	26.5	26.0	26.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	9.3	13.2	11.2	9.3	13.2
65 years and over (%)	8.8	6.8	10.8	8.8	6.8	10.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,180	6,130	6,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,610	1,825	1,780	29.6	29.8	29.4
0 to 5 years	1,220	625	595	10.0	10.2	9.8
18 to 64 years	7,685	3,860	3,830	63.1	63.0	63.4
65 years and over	885	450	435	7.3	7.3	7.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	550	275	275	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	175	90	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	85	40	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	360	175	185	...	...	...
65 years and over	10	5	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	5.0	4.7	4.8	5.0	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	6.4	7.6	7.0	6.4	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.6	4.9	4.7	4.6	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.6	1.0	1.4	1.6	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,175	6,135	6,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,140	2,995	3,145	50.4	48.8	52.0
In bottom decile	1,570	735	830	12.9	12.0	13.7
In second decile	1,445	685	765	11.9	11.2	12.7
In third decile	1,125	565	560	9.2	9.2	9.3
In fourth decile	1,075	525	550	8.8	8.6	9.1
In fifth decile	920	485	440	7.6	7.9	7.3
In top half of the distribution	6,040	3,140	2,900	49.6	51.2	48.0
In sixth decile	1,160	585	580	9.5	9.5	9.6
In seventh decile	1,120	585	530	9.2	9.5	8.8
In eighth decile	1,140	610	530	9.4	9.9	8.8
In ninth decile	1,410	720	690	11.6	11.7	11.4
In top decile	1,210	640	570	9.9	10.4	9.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,180	...	...	12,180	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.338	...	...	0.338	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.453	...	...	0.453	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,265	6,195	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,430	5,805	5,625	93.2	93.7	92.7
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	735	350	385	6.0	5.6	6.3
Neither English nor French	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,265	6,195	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,970	6,045	5,925	97.6	97.6	97.7
French	190	110	85	1.5	1.8	1.4
English and French	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,265	6,195	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,695	5,925	5,765	95.4	95.6	95.1
Official languages	9,695	4,970	4,730	79.0	80.2	78.0
English	9,505	4,865	4,640	77.5	78.5	76.5
French	190	100	90	1.5	1.6	1.5
Non-official languages	2,000	955	1,040	16.3	15.4	17.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	620	240	380	5.1	3.9	6.3
Algonquian languages	565	220	345	4.6	3.6	5.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	545	210	335	4.4	3.4	5.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	545	210	335	4.4	3.4	5.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	180	65	115	1.5	1.0	1.9
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.	315	130	185	2.6	2.1	3.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Northern Athabaskan languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	45	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,380	720	660	11.3	11.6	10.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	45	60	0.9	0.7	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,090	575	515	8.9	9.3	8.5
Albanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
German	45	20	20	0.4	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	855	450	405	7.0	7.3	6.7
Indo-Aryan languages	845	445	400	6.9	7.2	6.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	320	170	155	2.6	2.7	2.6
Hindi	65	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	385	205	180	3.1	3.3	3.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	60	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Akan (Twi)	5	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	570	270	300	4.6	4.4	4.9
English and French	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	475	225	250	3.9	3.6	4.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,265	6,195	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,870	5,025	4,845	80.5	81.1	79.9
French	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	510	260	255	4.2	4.2	4.2
Indigenous³⁹	80	40	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-Indigenous	425	215	215	3.5	3.5	3.5
English and French	125	65	60	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	1,605	775	835	13.1	12.5	13.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,265	6,195	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,845	6,005	5,840	96.6	96.9	96.3
Official languages	10,745	5,445	5,295	87.6	87.9	87.3
English	10,670	5,405	5,265	87.0	87.2	86.8
French	75	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official languages	1,105	560	540	9.0	9.0	8.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	175	75	95	1.4	1.2	1.6
Algonquian languages	145	65	75	1.2	1.0	1.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	145	65	75	1.2	1.0	1.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	145	65	75	1.2	1.0	1.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	930	480	450	7.6	7.7	7.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	765	395	375	6.2	6.4	6.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	685	360	330	5.6	5.8	5.4
Indo-Aryan languages	680	355	330	5.5	5.7	5.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	270	135	135	2.2	2.2	2.2
Hindi	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	310	165	145	2.5	2.7	2.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	420	190	230	3.4	3.1	3.8
English and French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	380	170	205	3.1	2.7	3.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,265	6,195	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,755	5,445	5,305	87.7	87.9	87.5
English	440	225	215	3.6	3.6	3.5
French	85	40	45	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-official language	785	370	415	6.4	6.0	6.8
Indigenous³⁹	390	180	215	3.2	2.9	3.5
Non-Indigenous	395	195	200	3.2	3.1	3.3
English and French	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	70	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,005	6,060	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,920	6,025	5,895	99.3	99.4	99.2
English	11,885	6,020	5,870	99.0	99.3	98.7
French	845	390	455	7.0	6.4	7.7
Non-official languages	3,060	1,410	1,645	25.5	23.3	27.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,070	405	665	8.9	6.7	11.2
Algonquian languages	935	340	595	7.8	5.6	10.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	925	335	590	7.7	5.5	9.9
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	925	335	590	7.7	5.5	9.9
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	420	170	245	3.5	2.8	4.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	55	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.7
Cree, n.o.s.	430	150	280	3.6	2.5	4.7
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Northern Athabaskan languages	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,005	1,015	990	16.7	16.7	16.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hausa	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	165	60	100	1.4	1.0	1.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	60	95	1.2	1.0	1.6
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Creole languages	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,495	785	705	12.5	13.0	11.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	65	50	1.0	1.1	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
German	75	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afrikaans	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	1,085	565	520	9.0	9.3	8.7
Indo-Aryan languages	1,085	565	520	9.0	9.3	8.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Gujarati	295	150	135	2.5	2.5	2.3
Hindi	655	350	305	5.5	5.8	5.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	55	20	30	0.5	0.3	0.5
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	630	315	310	5.2	5.2	5.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Urdu	50	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	95	85	1.4	1.6	1.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	80	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	125	60	60	1.0	1.0	1.0
Akan (Twi)	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Chinese languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,005	6,060	5,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	5,175	2,500	2,680	43.1	41.3	45.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	5,075	2,445	2,625	42.3	40.3	44.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,215	1,935	2,280	35.1	31.9	38.3
Métis	835	495	335	7.0	8.2	5.6
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	75	40	40	0.6	0.7	0.7
Non-Indigenous identity	6,830	3,565	3,270	56.9	58.8	55.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,005	6,060	5,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	4,010	1,855	2,150	33.4	30.6	36.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,000	4,210	3,790	66.6	69.5	63.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,415	...	...	54.3	...	...
Renter	2,035	...	...	45.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not condominium	4,320	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	515	...	...	11.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,030	...	...	23.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,655	...	...	37.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,220	...	...	27.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,480	...	...	33.3	...	...
5 rooms	805	...	...	18.1	...	...
6 rooms	685	...	...	15.4	...	...
7 rooms	560	...	...	12.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	920	...	...	20.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,220	...	...	94.8	...	...
More than one person per room	230	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,975	...	...	89.3	...	...
Not suitable	475	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	485	...	...	10.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,770	...	...	62.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	475	...	...	10.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	375	...	...	8.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	3.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,005	...	...	90.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	445	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,430	...	...	54.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,855	...	...	41.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	160	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	980	...	...	22.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	855	...	...	19.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	885	...	...	19.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	815	...	...	18.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	445	...	...	10.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	185	...	...	4.2	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,815	...	...	85.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	625	...	...	14.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	525	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,345	...	...	30.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	485	...	...	10.9	...	...
Not suitable only	350	...	...	7.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	325	...	...	7.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,105	...	...	69.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	405	...	...	9.3	...	...
Not in core need	3,935	...	...	90.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,420	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.2	...	...	70.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,290	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...	1,310	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	215,400	...	...	215,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,030	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.2	...	...	23.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.6	...	...	17.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,020	...	...	1,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,098	...	...	1,098	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,005	6,055	5,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	3,560	1,650	1,910	29.7	27.3	32.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,480	1,625	1,860	29.0	26.8	31.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,235	1,475	1,765	26.9	24.4	29.7
Métis single ancestry	240	145	90	2.0	2.4	1.5
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	75	25	50	0.6	0.4	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	70	20	50	0.6	0.3	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,580	800	780	13.2	13.2	13.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,485	740	750	12.4	12.2	12.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,105	535	570	9.2	8.8	9.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	375	205	170	3.1	3.4	2.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	95	65	35	0.8	1.1	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	60	30	0.7	1.0	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,865	3,605	3,255	57.2	59.5	54.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,005	6,055	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,830	5,455	5,375	90.2	90.1	90.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,315	1,715	1,600	27.6	28.3	26.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,520	3,740	3,775	62.6	61.8	63.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,175	600	570	9.8	9.9	9.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,005	6,055	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,090	5,065	5,025	84.0	83.6	84.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,700	865	835	14.2	14.3	14.0
Before 1980	140	80	65	1.2	1.3	1.1
1980 to 1990	105	75	35	0.9	1.2	0.6
1991 to 2000	80	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.8
2001 to 2010	340	155	180	2.8	2.6	3.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,025	525	505	8.5	8.7	8.5
2011 to 2015	435	215	220	3.6	3.6	3.7
2016 to 2021	590	300	285	4.9	5.0	4.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	220	130	85	1.8	2.1	1.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,700	865	835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	155	95	55	9.1	11.0	6.6
5 to 14 years	255	135	120	15.0	15.6	14.4
15 to 24 years	310	145	165	18.2	16.8	19.8
25 to 44 years	835	415	420	49.1	48.0	50.3
45 years and over	140	70	70	8.2	8.1	8.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,700	865	835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	165	75	85	9.7	8.7	10.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	50	15	35	2.9	1.7	4.2
Mexico	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.8
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	25	15	2.1	2.9	1.8
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	10	2.1	2.3	1.2
Europe	270	140	125	15.9	16.2	15.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	40	25	20	2.4	2.9	2.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.2
Portugal	40	30	15	2.4	3.5	1.8
Romania	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	25	20	2.6	2.9	2.4
Other places of birth in Europe	45	25	25	2.6	2.9	3.0
Africa	205	110	95	12.1	12.7	11.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	105	50	60	6.2	5.8	7.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	20	3.2	4.0	2.4
Asia	1,060	530	530	62.4	61.3	63.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.2
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	15	1.8	1.2	1.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	140	55	85	8.2	6.4	10.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	760	385	375	44.7	44.5	44.9
Pakistan	45	30	20	2.6	3.5	2.4
Sri Lanka	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.2
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	590	305	285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	10	10	2.5	3.3	3.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	80	40	40	13.6	13.1	14.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	55	25	35	9.3	8.2	12.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	490	250	245	83.1	82.0	86.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	355	180	180	60.2	59.0	63.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	2.5	3.3	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	10	10	3.4	3.3	3.5
Philippines	60	30	35	10.2	9.8	12.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,005	6,060	5,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,925	1,000	925	16.0	16.5	15.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	950	455	495	7.9	7.5	8.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,130	4,605	4,525	76.1	76.0	76.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,555	785	775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,245	650	595	80.1	82.8	76.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	550	370	175	35.4	47.1	22.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	700	280	425	45.0	35.7	54.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	255	100	155	16.4	12.7	20.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	30	20	3.5	3.8	2.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,555	785	775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	15	10	1.6	1.9	1.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	50	55	6.4	6.4	7.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	20	1.9	1.9	2.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	105	65	45	6.8	8.3	5.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,285	645	645	82.6	82.2	83.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,005	6,060	5,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,910	970	950	15.9	16.0	16.0
South Asian	1,190	635	550	9.9	10.5	9.2
Chinese	75	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Black	285	140	155	2.4	2.3	2.6
Filipino	140	45	95	1.2	0.7	1.6
Arab	35	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Latin American	65	45	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Southeast Asian	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,090	5,090	5,000	84.0	84.0	84.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,005	6,060	5,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,185	660	525	9.9	10.9	8.8
English	1,590	815	780	13.2	13.4	13.1
Irish	1,240	635	600	10.3	10.5	10.1
Scottish	1,465	695	770	12.2	11.5	13.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,045	560	485	8.7	9.2	8.2
German	935	490	440	7.8	8.1	7.4
Chinese	90	55	45	0.7	0.9	0.8
Italian	100	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indian (India)	785	395	390	6.5	6.5	6.6
Ukrainian	930	485	450	7.7	8.0	7.6
Dutch	225	115	110	1.9	1.9	1.9
Polish	335	170	170	2.8	2.8	2.9
Québécois	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	210	120	85	1.7	2.0	1.4
Filipino	155	60	95	1.3	1.0	1.6
French Canadian	125	50	75	1.0	0.8	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	240	115	125	2.0	1.9	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,460	620	840	12.2	10.2	14.1
Métis	770	425	345	6.4	7.0	5.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Russian	125	50	75	1.0	0.8	1.3
Norwegian	285	125	160	2.4	2.1	2.7
Welsh	100	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	165	65	110	1.4	1.1	1.9
American	60	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Spanish	95	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Swedish	130	35	95	1.1	0.6	1.6
Hungarian	105	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
Acadian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistani	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	15	35	0.5	0.2	0.6
Jewish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Punjabi	110	75	40	0.9	1.2	0.7
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Greek	25	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	70	45	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,685	830	855	14.0	13.7	14.4
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Lebanese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Danish	75	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	725	345	380	6.0	5.7	6.4
Sikh	145	80	65	1.2	1.3	1.1
Austrian	40	10	35	0.3	0.2	0.6
Belgian	85	50	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	130	70	55	1.1	1.2	0.9
Mexican	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	45	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Swiss	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Finnish	40	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	50	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Muslim	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Egyptian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	100	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	110	55	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Newfoundlander	155	90	60	1.3	1.5	1.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	50	35	25	0.4	0.6	0.4
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	90	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	145	65	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	70	55	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,005	6,060	5,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	5,100	2,475	2,630	42.5	40.8	44.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	795	395	400	6.6	6.5	6.7
Anabaptist	55	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Anglican	730	350	380	6.1	5.8	6.4
Baptist	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Catholic	2,125	1,060	1,070	17.7	17.5	18.0
Christian Orthodox	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	95	55	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	75	50	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	245	105	140	2.0	1.7	2.4
Presbyterian	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Reformed	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Church	620	270	355	5.2	4.5	6.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	45	75	1.0	0.7	1.3
Hindu	645	335	310	5.4	5.5	5.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	135	75	55	1.1	1.2	0.9
Sikh	395	220	185	3.3	3.6	3.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	185	95	95	1.5	1.6	1.6
Other religions and spiritual traditions	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	5,475	2,840	2,635	45.6	46.9	44.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,810	5,960	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,870	5,065	4,800	83.6	85.0	82.1
Movers	1,945	890	1,050	16.5	14.9	17.9
Non-migrants	1,250	565	685	10.6	9.5	11.7
Migrants	695	325	365	5.9	5.5	6.2
Internal migrants	655	315	340	5.5	5.3	5.8
Intraprovincial migrants	415	205	205	3.5	3.4	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	235	105	135	2.0	1.8	2.3
External migrants	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,050	5,560	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,140	3,215	2,930	55.6	57.8	53.4
Movers	4,905	2,345	2,560	44.4	42.2	46.7
Non-migrants	2,610	1,215	1,395	23.6	21.9	25.4
Migrants	2,295	1,135	1,165	20.8	20.4	21.2
Internal migrants	1,695	825	865	15.3	14.8	15.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,205	605	600	10.9	10.9	10.9
Interprovincial migrants	485	220	265	4.4	4.0	4.8
External migrants	605	310	300	5.5	5.6	5.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,065	4,540	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,530	1,405	1,125	27.9	30.9	24.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,530	3,135	3,395	72.0	69.1	75.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,415	3,175	3,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,295	715	585	20.2	22.5	18.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,110	2,465	2,650	79.7	77.6	81.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,060	4,540	4,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,350	1,285	1,065	25.9	28.3	23.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,715	1,390	1,330	30.0	30.6	29.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,995	1,870	2,125	44.1	41.2	47.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,240	1,215	1,025	24.7	26.8	22.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	610	525	85	6.7	11.6	1.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	200	145	55	2.2	3.2	1.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	410	380	30	4.5	8.4	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,320	570	755	14.6	12.6	16.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	125	190	3.5	2.8	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,755	655	1,100	19.4	14.4	24.4
Bachelor's degree	1,205	435	770	13.3	9.6	17.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	80	135	2.4	1.8	3.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
Master's degree	270	125	145	3.0	2.8	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,410	3,180	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,150	605	545	17.9	19.0	16.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,825	960	865	28.5	30.2	26.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,435	1,610	1,825	53.6	50.6	56.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,870	1,035	835	29.2	32.5	25.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	540	465	75	8.4	14.6	2.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	170	120	50	2.7	3.8	1.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	370	345	20	5.8	10.8	0.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,105	470	630	17.2	14.8	19.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	90	130	3.4	2.8	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,570	575	990	24.5	18.1	30.6
Bachelor's degree	1,060	390	670	16.5	12.3	20.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	65	125	3.0	2.0	3.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	35	0.7	0.5	1.1
Master's degree	250	110	145	3.9	3.5	4.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,060	4,545	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,065	2,670	2,395	55.9	58.7	53.0
Education	435	100	340	4.8	2.2	7.5
13. Education	435	100	340	4.8	2.2	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Humanities	200	90	115	2.2	2.0	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	55	60	1.3	1.2	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	370	115	255	4.1	2.5	5.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	15	115	1.5	0.3	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	65	30	40	0.7	0.7	0.9
45. Social sciences	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.9
Business, management and public administration	750	205	540	8.3	4.5	11.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	35	135	1.9	0.8	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	580	175	405	6.4	3.9	9.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	65	70	1.5	1.4	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	30	15	0.6	0.7	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	75	115	2.1	1.7	2.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	70	100	1.9	1.5	2.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,000	915	80	11.0	20.1	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	145	120	25	1.6	2.6	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	160	45	2.2	3.5	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	270	270	0	3.0	5.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	295	0	3.3	6.5	0.0
48. Precision production	75	70	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	50	20	0.8	1.1	0.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Health and related fields	630	130	495	7.0	2.9	11.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	600	115	485	6.6	2.5	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	110	65	1.9	2.4	1.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	20	50	0.8	0.4	1.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,415	3,175	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,975	1,565	1,410	46.4	49.3	43.6
Education	360	75	280	5.6	2.4	8.7
13. Education	360	75	280	5.6	2.4	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Humanities	160	55	105	2.5	1.7	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	0.5	0.0	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	30	55	1.3	0.9	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	95	215	4.8	3.0	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	90	1.5	0.0	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	30	35	0.9	0.9	1.1
45. Social sciences	70	35	35	1.1	1.1	1.1
Business, management and public administration	675	185	495	10.5	5.8	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	35	115	2.4	1.1	3.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	520	150	375	8.1	4.7	11.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	60	65	1.9	1.9	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	25	0.6	0.6	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	30	15	0.8	0.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	45	85	2.0	1.4	2.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	40	75	1.8	1.3	2.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	890	815	75	13.9	25.7	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	125	105	25	1.9	3.3	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	155	45	3.1	4.9	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	240	240	0	3.7	7.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260	250	0	4.1	7.9	0.0
48. Precision production	65	60	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	45	20	1.0	1.4	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Health and related fields	540	120	415	8.4	3.8	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	515	110	405	8.0	3.5	12.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	105	50	2.3	3.3	1.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	50	15	0.9	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,415	3,175	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,975	1,565	1,410	46.4	49.3	43.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,440	1,610	1,825	53.6	50.7	56.4
Location of study inside Canada	2,735	1,265	1,465	42.6	39.8	45.3
Same as province or territory of residence	2,005	900	1,110	31.3	28.3	34.3
Different than province or territory of residence	720	365	355	11.2	11.5	11.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	705	345	360	11.0	10.9	11.1
Americas	65	25	40	1.0	0.8	1.2
United States of America	30	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	15	35	0.8	0.5	1.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	75	35	35	1.2	1.1	1.1
Nigeria	45	25	20	0.7	0.8	0.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Asia	515	270	250	8.0	8.5	7.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	80	35	45	1.2	1.1	1.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	390	215	175	6.1	6.8	5.4
Pakistan	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,060	4,540	4,515	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,275	3,270	3,005	...	...	...
Employed	5,720	2,990	2,735	...	...	...
Unemployed	555	280	270	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,785	1,275	1,510	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.3	72.0	66.6	69.3	72.0	66.6
Employment rate	63.1	65.9	60.6	63.1	65.9	60.6
Unemployment rate	8.8	8.6	9.0	8.8	8.6	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,060	4,545	4,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,875	1,310	1,570	31.7	28.8	34.7
Worked	6,190	3,235	2,950	68.3	71.2	65.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,560	1,890	1,665	39.3	41.6	36.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,630	1,345	1,285	29.0	29.6	28.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.6	41.6	41.6	41.6	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,275	3,270	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	70	65	2.2	2.1	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,140	3,195	2,940	97.8	97.7	97.8
Employee	5,855	3,040	2,820	93.3	93.0	93.8
Permanent position	5,050	2,635	2,415	80.5	80.6	80.4
Temporary position	810	405	405	12.9	12.4	13.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	280	140	145	4.5	4.3	4.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	530	270	260	8.4	8.3	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	280	160	120	4.5	4.9	4.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,275	3,270	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	70	65	2.2	2.1	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,140	3,195	2,940	97.8	97.7	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	20	25	0.8	0.6	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	710	110	595	11.3	3.4	19.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	260	195	65	4.1	6.0	2.2
3 Health occupations	600	125	475	9.6	3.8	15.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,205	365	845	19.2	11.2	28.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	10	65	1.2	0.3	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	1,565	795	770	24.9	24.3	25.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,155	1,080	75	18.4	33.0	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	400	380	15	6.4	11.6	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	115	10	1.9	3.5	0.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,275	3,270	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	70	65	2.2	2.1	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	6,140	3,195	2,940	97.8	97.7	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	25	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	730	650	80	11.6	19.9	2.7
22 Utilities	105	75	25	1.7	2.3	0.8
23 Construction	355	310	40	5.7	9.5	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	45	45	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
41 Wholesale trade	95	75	20	1.5	2.3	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	710	390	325	11.3	11.9	10.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	390	325	65	6.2	9.9	2.2
51 Information and cultural industries	35	15	25	0.6	0.5	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	125	15	110	2.0	0.5	3.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	35	1.2	1.2	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	45	55	1.5	1.4	1.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	115	45	2.5	3.5	1.5
61 Educational services	675	160	515	10.8	4.9	17.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,145	195	945	18.2	6.0	31.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	30	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
72 Accommodation and food services	525	250	280	8.4	7.6	9.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	250	120	130	4.0	3.7	4.3
91 Public administration	540	320	225	8.6	9.8	7.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,720	3,515	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,375	3,415	2,965	94.9	97.2	92.7
French	65	20	45	1.0	0.6	1.4
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	65	15	50	1.0	0.4	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	205	65	140	3.1	1.8	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,720	3,515	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,695	3,515	3,185	99.6	100.0	99.5
Official languages	6,665	3,500	3,170	99.2	99.6	99.1
English	6,575	3,480	3,095	97.8	99.0	96.7
French	95	20	75	1.4	0.6	2.3
Non-official languages	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Algonquian languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,720	3,515	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,465	3,440	3,025	96.2	97.9	94.5
English	45	10	40	0.7	0.3	1.3
French	40	15	20	0.6	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	155	45	110	2.3	1.3	3.4
Indigenous³⁹	115	25	95	1.7	0.7	3.0
Non-Indigenous	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,720	2,985	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	305	110	195	5.3	3.7	7.1
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	605	475	135	10.6	15.9	4.9
Usual place of work	4,800	2,405	2,405	83.9	80.6	87.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,800	2,405	2,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,870	1,760	2,115	80.6	73.2	87.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	560	415	145	11.7	17.3	6.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	290	190	100	6.0	7.9	4.2
Commute to a different province or territory	80	40	40	1.7	1.7	1.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,410	2,875	2,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,700	2,475	2,225	86.9	86.1	87.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,000	2,240	1,760	73.9	77.9	69.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	695	230	465	12.8	8.0	18.3
Public transit	50	25	20	0.9	0.9	0.8
Walked	500	270	230	9.2	9.4	9.1
Bicycle	30	30	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Other method	125	65	55	2.3	2.3	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,410	2,875	2,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,375	2,205	2,165	80.9	76.7	85.4
15 to 29 minutes	730	485	250	13.5	16.9	9.9
30 to 44 minutes	135	80	55	2.5	2.8	2.2
45 to 59 minutes	30	15	15	0.6	0.5	0.6
60 minutes and over	145	95	50	2.7	3.3	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,410	2,875	2,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	370	300	70	6.8	10.4	2.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	875	610	270	16.2	21.2	10.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,255	685	565	23.2	23.8	22.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,580	570	1,010	29.2	19.8	39.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	595	260	340	11.0	9.0	13.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	735	445	285	13.6	15.5	11.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,660	1,850	1,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	255	125	130	7.0	6.8	7.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,400	1,725	1,675	92.9	93.2	92.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,580	1,300	1,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	95	110	7.9	7.3	8.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	70	80	5.8	5.4	6.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	30	25	2.1	2.3	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,375	1,205	1,170	92.1	92.7	91.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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