Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	TillsonburgMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,573	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	15,834^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	17.3	...	...	17.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,479	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,215	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	979.2	...	...	979.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.97	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,575	8,860	9,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,625	1,325	1,295	14.1	15.0	13.3
0 to 4 years	880	440	440	4.7	5.0	4.5
5 to 9 years	860	430	430	4.6	4.9	4.4
10 to 14 years	885	450	435	4.8	5.1	4.5
15 to 64 years	10,510	5,145	5,370	56.6	58.1	55.3
15 to 19 years	960	470	485	5.2	5.3	5.0
20 to 24 years	895	485	415	4.8	5.5	4.3
25 to 29 years	965	485	480	5.2	5.5	4.9
30 to 34 years	1,010	490	520	5.4	5.5	5.4
35 to 39 years	985	490	495	5.3	5.5	5.1
40 to 44 years	990	460	530	5.3	5.2	5.5
45 to 49 years	980	505	470	5.3	5.7	4.8
50 to 54 years	1,095	560	535	5.9	6.3	5.5
55 to 59 years	1,275	585	685	6.9	6.6	7.1
60 to 64 years	1,360	605	755	7.3	6.8	7.8
65 years and over	5,440	2,390	3,050	29.3	27.0	31.4
65 to 69 years	1,400	630	770	7.5	7.1	7.9
70 to 74 years	1,390	635	760	7.5	7.2	7.8
75 to 79 years	1,080	475	605	5.8	5.4	6.2
80 to 84 years	750	345	400	4.0	3.9	4.1
85 years and over	820	300	520	4.4	3.4	5.4
85 to 89 years	540	205	335	2.9	2.3	3.4
90 to 94 years	195	65	125	1.0	0.7	1.3
95 to 99 years	75	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
100 years and over	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.0	13.3	14.1	15.0	13.3
15 to 64 years	56.6	58.1	55.3	56.6	58.1	55.3
65 years and over	29.3	27.0	31.4	29.3	27.0	31.4
85 years and over	4.4	3.4	5.4	4.4	3.4	5.4
Average age of the population	46.9	45.4	48.3	46.9	45.4	48.3
Median age of the population	49.6	47.2	51.6	49.6	47.2	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,560	...	...	67.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	285	...	...	3.5	...	...
Row house	500	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	200	...	...	2.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,135	...	...	13.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	500	...	...	6.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,575	...	...	31.3	...	...
2 persons	3,290	...	...	40.0	...	...
3 persons	1,015	...	...	12.4	...	...
4 persons	875	...	...	10.7	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	5.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,255	8,755	9,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,950	7,535	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,505	4,740	4,765	59.6	62.9	56.6
Married	7,845	3,915	3,930	49.2	52.0	46.7
Living common-law	1,660	825	835	10.4	10.9	9.9
Living common law - Never married	990	495	495	6.2	6.6	5.9
Living common law - Separated	120	60	60	0.8	0.8	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	460	235	225	2.9	3.1	2.7
Living common law - Widowed	85	30	55	0.5	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	6,450	2,795	3,655	40.4	37.1	43.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,390	1,860	1,530	21.3	24.7	18.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	515	200	315	3.2	2.7	3.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,105	440	660	6.9	5.8	7.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,440	295	1,145	9.0	3.9	13.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,525	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,355	...	...	60.7	...	...
3 persons	1,015	...	...	18.4	...	...
4 persons	815	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	345	...	...	6.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,695	...	...	84.9	...	...
Married couples	3,865	...	...	69.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,490	...	...	26.9	...	...
Without children	2,380	...	...	43.0	...	...
Common-law couples	830	...	...	15.0	...	...
With children⁶	345	...	...	6.2	...	...
Without children	485	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	830	...	...	15.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	655	...	...	11.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,255	8,755	9,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,905	7,335	7,565	81.6	83.8	79.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,390	4,685	4,705	51.4	53.5	49.5
Parents in one-parent families	835	180	660	4.6	2.1	6.9
Children⁶	4,680	2,475	2,205	25.6	28.3	23.2
In a two-parent family	3,390	1,785	1,605	18.6	20.4	16.9
In a one-parent family	1,295	695	600	7.1	7.9	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,350	1,420	1,935	18.4	16.2	20.4
Living alone	2,575	1,030	1,545	14.1	11.8	16.3
Living with other relatives⁷	320	130	195	1.8	1.5	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	455	255	200	2.5	2.9	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,060	...	...	61.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,390	...	...	53.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,695	...	...	20.6	...	...
Without children	2,700	...	...	32.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	670	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	145	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	165	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	230	...	...	2.8	...	...
One-person households	2,575	...	...	31.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,635	7,425	8,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,245	7,235	8,020	97.5	97.4	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,400	34,000	39,600	46,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,260	7,235	8,025	97.6	97.4	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	41,200	31,400	35,600	41,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,520	6,590	6,930	86.5	88.8	84.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	40,400	23,800	31,600	40,400	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,730	5,050	4,680	62.2	68.0	57.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,400	29,000	35,600	42,400	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,075	6,595	7,480	90.0	88.8	91.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,500	9,700	13,700	12,500	9,700	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,380	595	780	8.8	8.0	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,080	5,320	5,160	5,080	5,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,755	1,840	1,910	24.0	24.8	23.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,550	6,500	7,500	6,550	6,500	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,655	7,435	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,290	7,240	8,050	97.7	97.4	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,080	53,750	41,080	47,080	53,750	41,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,295	7,240	8,050	97.7	97.4	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600	45,520	36,200	40,600	45,520	36,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,540	6,555	6,980	86.5	88.2	84.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,360	48,000	33,160	40,360	48,000	33,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,745	5,025	4,720	62.2	67.6	57.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,280	46,640	35,600	41,280	46,640	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,130	6,640	7,490	90.3	89.3	91.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,280	11,160	13,260	12,280	11,160	13,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,380	600	785	8.8	8.1	9.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,260	5,660	6,720	6,260	5,660	6,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,745	1,810	1,940	23.9	24.3	23.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,840	7,190	8,450	7,840	7,190	8,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,655	7,435	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,365	2,540	1,820	27.9	34.2	22.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	60,000	53,200	56,800	60,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,750	67,300	58,700	63,750	67,300	58,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,000	1,750	2,250	25.6	23.5	27.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	23,400	17,400	19,400	23,400	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,040	29,800	23,140	26,040	29,800	23,140
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	81.0	70.0	76.0	81.0	70.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.9	60.2	50.8	55.9	60.2	50.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.1	19.0	30.1	24.1	19.0	30.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.9	6.2	5.0	3.9	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.3	5.0	4.1	3.3	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,635	7,425	8,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	385	190	190	2.5	2.6	2.3
With total income	15,250	7,230	8,015	97.5	97.4	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	995	385	605	6.5	5.3	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,980	700	1,285	13.0	9.7	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,715	1,095	1,625	17.8	15.1	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,035	860	1,180	13.3	11.9	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,950	925	1,025	12.8	12.8	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,655	895	765	10.9	12.4	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,200	635	565	7.9	8.8	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	870	535	330	5.7	7.4	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	500	310	190	3.3	4.3	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	365	245	125	2.4	3.4	1.6
$100,000 and over	985	650	335	6.5	9.0	4.2
$100,000 to $149,999	715	450	265	4.7	6.2	3.3
$150,000 and over	265	200	70	1.7	2.8	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,635	7,425	8,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	375	190	185	2.4	2.6	2.3
With after-tax income	15,260	7,240	8,025	97.6	97.5	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,075	415	660	7.0	5.7	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,075	740	1,335	13.6	10.2	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,015	1,215	1,795	19.8	16.8	22.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,435	1,095	1,340	16.0	15.1	16.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,325	1,220	1,105	15.2	16.9	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,670	865	805	10.9	11.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010	600	410	6.6	8.3	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	575	385	190	3.8	5.3	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	425	260	170	2.8	3.6	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	220	135	85	1.4	1.9	1.1
$100,000 and over	425	305	120	2.8	4.2	1.5
$100,000 to $124,999	220	150	70	1.4	2.1	0.9
$125,000 and over	205	155	55	1.3	2.1	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,635	7,425	8,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,910	2,375	3,530	37.8	32.0	43.0
With employment income	9,725	5,050	4,680	62.2	68.0	57.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,545	775	775	15.9	15.3	16.6
$5,000 to $9,999	735	295	440	7.6	5.8	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,120	445	675	11.5	8.8	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	905	400	505	9.3	7.9	10.8
$30,000 to $39,999	995	470	525	10.2	9.3	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,200	640	565	12.3	12.7	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	880	520	360	9.0	10.3	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	660	375	290	6.8	7.4	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	455	315	135	4.7	6.2	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	310	205	105	3.2	4.1	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	245	165	80	2.5	3.3	1.7
$100,000 and over	680	455	225	7.0	9.0	4.8
$100,000 to $124,999	405	255	155	4.2	5.0	3.3
$125,000 and over	270	205	70	2.8	4.1	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,635	7,425	8,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,095	7,165	7,925	96.5	96.5	96.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,800	31,800	37,600	44,800	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,095	7,165	7,925	96.5	96.5	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,000	29,600	34,400	40,000	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,490	6,575	6,920	86.3	88.6	84.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,000	25,400	32,800	42,000	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,895	5,125	4,770	63.3	69.0	58.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,000	30,000	36,800	44,000	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,440	6,265	7,180	86.0	84.4	87.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	4,920	10,400	8,700	4,920	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,130	455	675	7.2	6.1	8.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	4,720	5,520	5,120	4,720	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,655	7,435	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,115	7,160	7,955	96.6	96.3	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	51,800	38,480	44,800	51,800	38,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,115	7,160	7,955	96.6	96.3	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,640	43,960	33,840	38,640	43,960	33,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,500	6,550	6,950	86.2	88.1	84.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,520	48,200	33,280	40,520	48,200	33,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,875	5,125	4,755	63.1	68.9	57.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,200	48,000	36,000	42,200	48,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,420	6,280	7,145	85.7	84.5	86.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,680	8,770	10,480	9,680	8,770	10,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,110	450	660	7.1	6.1	8.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,660	6,000	7,100	6,660	6,000	7,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,655	7,435	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,365	2,550	1,820	27.9	34.3	22.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	59,200	48,800	54,000	59,200	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,500	66,700	54,200	61,500	66,700	54,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,800	1,660	2,140	24.3	22.3	26.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	30,600	21,600	23,800	30,600	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,320	35,640	27,920	31,320	35,640	27,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.8	85.2	75.6	80.8	85.2	75.6
Employment income (%)	61.6	66.4	55.9	61.6	66.4	55.9
Government transfers (%)	19.2	14.8	24.4	19.2	14.8	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.5	1.1	0.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,575	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,645	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,600	...	...	87,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,080	...	...	46,080	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,880	...	...	39,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...	106,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,900	...	...	91,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	370	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	295	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	360	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	395	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	395	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	700	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	650	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	655	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,610	...	...	31.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	985	...	...	12.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	620	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	610	...	...	7.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	390	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	380	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	420	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	360	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	420	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	460	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	450	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	795	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	785	...	...	9.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	695	...	...	8.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	640	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,890	...	...	23.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	860	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	475	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	550	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	775	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,035	1,285	1,745	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	41,600	33,600	36,400	41,600	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	37,200	32,000	34,000	37,200	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,200	...	...	106,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	91,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,705	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,300	...	...	90,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,400	...	...	140,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,100	...	...	119,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,400	...	...	77,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,400	...	...	69,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,065	1,320	1,745	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,520	50,680	41,600	45,520	50,680	41,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,280	42,440	36,880	39,280	42,440	36,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,255	8,750	9,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,200	1,600	1,605	17.5	18.3	16.9
0 to 5 years	1,055	540	520	5.8	6.2	5.5
18 to 64 years	9,870	4,815	5,055	54.1	55.0	53.2
65 years and over	5,185	2,335	2,855	28.4	26.7	30.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,725	725	1,000	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	270	135	130	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	45	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	825	380	445	...	...	...
65 years and over	630	200	430	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.4	8.2	10.6	9.4	8.2	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.6	8.2	8.4	8.6	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	8.0	8.8	8.4	8.0	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	7.9	8.7	8.3	7.9	8.7
65 years and over (%)	12.2	8.7	15.1	12.2	8.7	15.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,255	8,755	9,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,200	1,600	1,600	17.5	18.3	16.8
0 to 5 years	1,060	535	525	5.8	6.1	5.5
18 to 64 years	9,865	4,815	5,050	54.0	55.0	53.1
65 years and over	5,185	2,335	2,850	28.4	26.7	30.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445	215	225	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	15	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	350	180	165	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	1.3	0.9	1.7	1.3	0.9	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2	3.5	3.8	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,255	8,750	9,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,260	4,745	5,515	56.2	54.2	58.1
In bottom decile	1,425	620	805	7.8	7.1	8.5
In second decile	2,165	915	1,250	11.9	10.5	13.2
In third decile	2,305	1,085	1,220	12.6	12.4	12.8
In fourth decile	2,105	1,025	1,085	11.5	11.7	11.4
In fifth decile	2,260	1,105	1,160	12.4	12.6	12.2
In top half of the distribution	7,990	4,005	3,990	43.8	45.8	42.0
In sixth decile	2,025	985	1,040	11.1	11.3	10.9
In seventh decile	1,900	955	940	10.4	10.9	9.9
In eighth decile	1,765	895	875	9.7	10.2	9.2
In ninth decile	1,310	680	630	7.2	7.8	6.6
In top decile	995	495	500	5.5	5.7	5.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,255	...	...	18,255	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.292	...	...	0.292	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.431	...	...	0.431	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,410	8,810	9,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	17,805	8,550	9,255	96.7	97.0	96.5
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	560	245	310	3.0	2.8	3.2
Neither English nor French	45	15	35	0.2	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,410	8,810	9,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,190	8,715	9,470	98.8	98.9	98.7
French	165	75	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and French	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,410	8,810	9,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,145	8,690	9,455	98.6	98.6	98.5
Official languages	16,395	7,885	8,510	89.1	89.5	88.7
English	16,210	7,805	8,405	88.0	88.6	87.6
French	185	75	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
Non-official languages	1,750	805	945	9.5	9.1	9.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,750	805	945	9.5	9.1	9.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,315	620	695	7.1	7.0	7.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	80	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Baltic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages	160	75	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	855	390	465	4.6	4.4	4.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	400	185	215	2.2	2.1	2.2
German	395	185	215	2.1	2.1	2.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	450	200	250	2.4	2.3	2.6
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	155	60	95	0.8	0.7	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low Saxon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plautdietsch	155	75	80	0.8	0.9	0.8
Vlaams (Flemish)	100	35	65	0.5	0.4	0.7
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	30	0.4	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	105	100	1.1	1.2	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	95	50	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Romanian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	190	75	120	1.0	0.9	1.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	185	75	115	1.0	0.9	1.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	265	125	140	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	190	85	100	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,410	8,810	9,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,060	8,195	8,860	92.7	93.0	92.3
French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	225	100	120	1.2	1.1	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	225	100	120	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	1,010	465	545	5.5	5.3	5.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,410	8,810	9,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,230	8,730	9,505	99.0	99.1	99.1
Official languages	17,745	8,510	9,240	96.4	96.6	96.3
English	17,725	8,500	9,230	96.3	96.5	96.2
French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	490	220	270	2.7	2.5	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	490	220	270	2.7	2.5	2.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	305	140	165	1.7	1.6	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	75	85	0.8	0.9	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
German	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	85	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,410	8,810	9,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,455	8,380	9,075	94.8	95.1	94.5
English	220	105	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
French	65	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	580	265	315	3.2	3.0	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	580	265	310	3.2	3.0	3.2
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,220	8,750	9,470	99.7	99.9	99.5
English	18,215	8,745	9,470	99.7	99.8	99.5
French	500	220	280	2.7	2.5	2.9
Non-official languages	2,210	940	1,270	12.1	10.7	13.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,210	940	1,270	12.1	10.7	13.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	195	95	105	1.1	1.1	1.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	155	70	85	0.8	0.8	0.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,635	705	925	8.9	8.0	9.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	85	85	0.9	1.0	0.9
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	145	75	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Serbian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,030	435	600	5.6	5.0	6.3
Frisian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
High German languages	595	235	360	3.3	2.7	3.8
German	595	235	360	3.3	2.7	3.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	520	235	280	2.8	2.7	2.9
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	215	90	120	1.2	1.0	1.3
Low German, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Low Saxon	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Plautdietsch	160	80	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
Vlaams (Flemish)	105	40	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	130	50	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	130	50	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hindi	50	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	325	150	180	1.8	1.7	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Romanian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Spanish	205	95	110	1.1	1.1	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Chinese languages	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	260	95	165	1.4	1.1	1.7
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	245	85	160	1.3	1.0	1.7
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	495	230	270	2.7	2.6	2.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	460	225	240	2.5	2.6	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	270	110	155	1.5	1.3	1.6
Métis	195	110	85	1.1	1.3	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	17,775	8,530	9,240	97.3	97.4	97.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,160	8,715	9,440	99.4	99.5	99.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,820	...	...	70.8	...	...
Renter	2,405	...	...	29.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	475	...	...	5.8	...	...
Not condominium	7,740	...	...	94.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	970	...	...	11.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,390	...	...	29.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,135	...	...	38.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,690	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,790	...	...	21.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,135	...	...	13.8	...	...
6 rooms	1,315	...	...	16.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,300	...	...	15.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,680	...	...	32.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,180	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,965	...	...	96.9	...	...
Not suitable	255	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,820	...	...	22.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,235	...	...	27.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	950	...	...	11.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,230	...	...	15.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	465	...	...	5.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	390	...	...	4.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	365	...	...	4.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	770	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,930	...	...	96.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	285	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,250	...	...	51.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,755	...	...	45.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	160	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	890	...	...	10.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,065	...	...	13.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,130	...	...	13.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,605	...	...	19.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,670	...	...	20.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,210	...	...	14.7	...	...
85 years and over	490	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,735	...	...	82.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,450	...	...	17.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,325	...	...	16.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,890	...	...	23.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,365	...	...	16.6	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	220	...	...	2.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,330	...	...	77.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	500	...	...	6.2	...	...
Not in core need	7,555	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,800	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.4	...	...	51.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,147	...	...	1,147	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	521,500	...	...	521,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,400	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.3	...	...	39.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.4	...	...	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,171	...	...	1,171	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,275	8,765	9,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	145	55	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	80	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.6
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	510	285	225	2.8	3.3	2.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	495	280	215	2.7	3.2	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	360	205	160	2.0	2.3	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	130	75	55	0.7	0.9	0.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,625	8,425	9,200	96.4	96.1	96.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,935	8,620	9,315	98.1	98.4	97.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,165	1,605	1,565	17.3	18.3	16.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,770	7,015	7,750	80.8	80.1	81.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	340	140	200	1.9	1.6	2.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,970	7,680	8,290	87.4	87.7	87.1
Immigrants⁸¹	2,285	1,070	1,220	12.5	12.2	12.8
Before 1980	1,150	525	625	6.3	6.0	6.6
1980 to 1990	400	220	180	2.2	2.5	1.9
1991 to 2000	245	105	135	1.3	1.2	1.4
2001 to 2010	255	130	125	1.4	1.5	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	235	85	145	1.3	1.0	1.5
2011 to 2015	135	50	85	0.7	0.6	0.9
2016 to 2021	105	40	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,285	1,070	1,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	295	140	155	12.9	13.1	12.7
5 to 14 years	550	285	265	24.1	26.6	21.7
15 to 24 years	580	250	325	25.4	23.4	26.6
25 to 44 years	750	345	400	32.8	32.2	32.8
45 years and over	120	50	70	5.3	4.7	5.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,285	1,070	1,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	605	320	280	26.5	29.9	23.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	40	20	20	1.8	1.9	1.6
Mexico	315	175	140	13.8	16.4	11.5
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
United States of America	125	50	75	5.5	4.7	6.1
Other places of birth in Americas	80	40	35	3.5	3.7	2.9
Europe	1,265	555	710	55.4	51.9	58.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Croatia	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.8
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	95	35	55	4.2	3.3	4.5
Greece	25	15	10	1.1	1.4	0.8
Hungary	100	45	60	4.4	4.2	4.9
Italy	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Netherlands	170	70	105	7.4	6.5	8.6
Poland	55	20	30	2.4	1.9	2.5
Portugal	65	35	30	2.8	3.3	2.5
Romania	50	20	30	2.2	1.9	2.5
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	30	10	20	1.3	0.9	1.6
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
United Kingdom⁸⁷	410	180	230	17.9	16.8	18.9
Other places of birth in Europe	200	90	110	8.8	8.4	9.0
Africa	60	40	20	2.6	3.7	1.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	15	2.2	2.8	1.2
Asia	345	150	195	15.1	14.0	16.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	0.9	0.0	0.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	15	35	2.2	1.4	2.9
Viet Nam	110	50	60	4.8	4.7	4.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	25	25	2.0	2.3	2.0
Pakistan	50	20	30	2.2	1.9	2.5
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	40	25	2.6	3.7	2.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	35	65	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	30	20	47.6	85.7	30.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	15	10	28.6	42.9	15.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	14.3	42.9	0.0
Europe	10	0	10	9.5	0.0	15.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	9.5	0.0	15.4
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	0	25	28.6	0.0	38.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	9.5	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,500	1,145	1,350	13.7	13.1	14.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,710	1,730	1,990	20.3	19.7	20.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,060	5,890	6,170	66.0	67.2	64.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,140	550	590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	165	185	31.1	30.0	31.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	145	105	45	12.7	19.1	7.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	60	145	18.4	10.9	24.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	555	230	320	48.7	41.8	54.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	200	135	60	17.5	24.5	10.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	15	20	3.1	2.7	3.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,140	550	590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	95	50	45	8.3	9.1	7.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	155	75	75	13.6	13.6	12.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	20	1.8	0.0	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	15	1.8	0.0	2.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	10	10	2.2	1.8	1.7
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	825	400	430	72.4	72.7	72.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,040	535	505	5.7	6.1	5.3
South Asian	160	75	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chinese	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	315	190	125	1.7	2.2	1.3
Filipino	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	95	50	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Southeast Asian	250	125	120	1.4	1.4	1.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,235	8,230	9,010	94.3	93.9	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,305	1,490	1,810	18.1	17.0	19.0
English	5,075	2,440	2,630	27.8	27.9	27.6
Irish	2,765	1,300	1,465	15.1	14.8	15.4
Scottish	3,210	1,550	1,655	17.6	17.7	17.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,245	605	640	6.8	6.9	6.7
German	2,725	1,270	1,460	14.9	14.5	15.3
Chinese	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italian	540	295	245	3.0	3.4	2.6
Indian (India)	115	65	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Ukrainian	335	175	160	1.8	2.0	1.7
Dutch	1,425	685	735	7.8	7.8	7.7
Polish	490	240	250	2.7	2.7	2.6
Québécois	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,010	480	530	5.5	5.5	5.6
Filipino	75	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
French Canadian	125	40	90	0.7	0.5	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	345	180	165	1.9	2.1	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	305	140	165	1.7	1.6	1.7
Métis	210	100	105	1.1	1.1	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	400	220	180	2.2	2.5	1.9
Russian	230	120	110	1.3	1.4	1.2
Norwegian	160	45	115	0.9	0.5	1.2
Welsh	265	140	115	1.5	1.6	1.2
Portuguese	275	140	135	1.5	1.6	1.4
American	295	120	175	1.6	1.4	1.8
Spanish	95	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Swedish	90	25	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hungarian	1,050	470	575	5.7	5.4	6.0
Acadian	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Vietnamese	165	70	95	0.9	0.8	1.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	75	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jamaican	80	40	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	200	90	105	1.1	1.0	1.1
Lebanese	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Danish	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	65	55	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Belgian	1,385	680	700	7.6	7.8	7.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mexican	420	235	185	2.3	2.7	1.9
Mennonite	445	215	230	2.4	2.5	2.4
Swiss	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Finnish	115	35	80	0.6	0.4	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Colombian	30	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	65	30	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	115	60	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	45	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Turkish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	110	65	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,275	8,760	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	145	55	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
Christian	11,010	5,040	5,975	60.2	57.5	62.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,440	695	755	7.9	7.9	7.9
Anabaptist	225	90	140	1.2	1.0	1.5
Anglican	935	405	530	5.1	4.6	5.6
Baptist	925	405	520	5.1	4.6	5.5
Catholic	3,960	1,910	2,050	21.7	21.8	21.5
Christian Orthodox	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	110	40	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Latter Day Saints	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Lutheran	345	130	215	1.9	1.5	2.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	65	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	160	60	100	0.9	0.7	1.1
Presbyterian	360	150	210	2.0	1.7	2.2
Reformed	120	50	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
United Church	1,700	750	950	9.3	8.6	10.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	535	265	275	2.9	3.0	2.9
Hindu	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	90	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	6,825	3,535	3,280	37.3	40.4	34.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,140	8,700	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,715	7,510	8,200	86.6	86.3	86.8
Movers	2,420	1,185	1,240	13.3	13.6	13.1
Non-migrants	880	415	470	4.9	4.8	5.0
Migrants	1,540	770	770	8.5	8.9	8.2
Internal migrants	1,510	755	750	8.3	8.7	7.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,480	750	730	8.2	8.6	7.7
Interprovincial migrants	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
External migrants	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,370	8,270	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,290	4,425	4,865	53.5	53.5	53.5
Movers	8,075	3,845	4,235	46.5	46.5	46.6
Non-migrants	2,325	1,075	1,255	13.4	13.0	13.8
Migrants	5,745	2,775	2,975	33.1	33.6	32.7
Internal migrants	5,625	2,720	2,900	32.4	32.9	31.9
Intraprovincial migrants	5,495	2,670	2,825	31.6	32.3	31.1
Interprovincial migrants	120	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
External migrants	130	50	80	0.7	0.6	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,655	7,435	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,995	2,000	1,990	25.5	26.9	24.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,660	5,430	6,225	74.5	73.0	75.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,615	4,120	4,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,475	795	680	17.1	19.3	15.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,135	3,320	3,815	82.8	80.6	84.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,650	7,435	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,655	1,840	1,825	23.4	24.7	22.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,150	2,520	2,630	32.9	33.9	32.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,845	3,075	3,770	43.7	41.4	45.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,940	2,260	2,680	31.6	30.4	32.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	875	635	240	5.6	8.5	2.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	435	255	180	2.8	3.4	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	445	385	60	2.8	5.2	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,855	1,540	2,315	24.6	20.7	28.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	80	125	1.3	1.1	1.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,905	815	1,090	12.2	11.0	13.3
Bachelor's degree	1,405	565	835	9.0	7.6	10.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	45	100	0.9	0.6	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Master's degree	245	130	115	1.6	1.7	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,615	4,115	4,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,320	730	585	15.3	17.7	13.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,875	1,450	1,420	33.4	35.2	31.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,420	1,940	2,485	51.3	47.1	55.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,195	1,450	1,745	37.1	35.2	38.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	470	350	115	5.5	8.5	2.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	230	135	95	2.7	3.3	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	235	215	25	2.7	5.2	0.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,600	1,040	1,555	30.2	25.3	34.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	65	70	1.5	1.6	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,225	485	740	14.2	11.8	16.5
Bachelor's degree	900	370	535	10.4	9.0	11.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	20	70	1.1	0.5	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	30	0.6	0.7	0.7
Master's degree	155	55	100	1.8	1.3	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,650	7,430	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,805	4,360	4,450	56.3	58.7	54.1
Education	350	60	290	2.2	0.8	3.5
13. Education	350	60	290	2.2	0.8	3.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	90	115	1.3	1.2	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	65	105	1.1	0.9	1.3
Humanities	240	75	160	1.5	1.0	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	70	0	70	0.4	0.0	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	785	205	585	5.0	2.8	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	0	225	1.5	0.0	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	120	15	105	0.8	0.2	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	115	15	100	0.7	0.2	1.2
45. Social sciences	265	140	125	1.7	1.9	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,370	495	880	8.8	6.7	10.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	15	110	0.8	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,240	475	770	7.9	6.4	9.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	70	95	1.1	0.9	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	165	100	1.7	2.2	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	135	65	1.3	1.8	0.8
25. Library science	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,310	1,240	80	8.4	16.7	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	130	110	20	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	335	310	20	2.1	4.2	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	265	260	10	1.7	3.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	330	10	2.2	4.4	0.1
48. Precision production	215	210	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	120	70	1.2	1.6	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145	90	55	0.9	1.2	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	1,335	220	1,115	8.5	3.0	13.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	135	65	65	0.9	0.9	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,200	155	1,045	7.7	2.1	12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	630	340	285	4.0	4.6	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	250	70	180	1.6	0.9	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	280	175	100	1.8	2.4	1.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	95	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,610	4,120	4,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,195	2,185	2,010	48.7	53.0	44.7
Education	180	30	150	2.1	0.7	3.3
13. Education	180	30	150	2.1	0.7	3.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	60	85	1.7	1.5	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	140	60	75	1.6	1.5	1.7
Humanities	110	40	70	1.3	1.0	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	560	135	425	6.5	3.3	9.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	0	190	2.2	0.0	4.2
22. Legal professions and studies	100	15	85	1.2	0.4	1.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	85	15	70	1.0	0.4	1.6
45. Social sciences	140	85	60	1.6	2.1	1.3
Business, management and public administration	910	300	605	10.6	7.3	13.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	10	80	1.0	0.2	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	810	285	520	9.4	6.9	11.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	40	70	1.3	1.0	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	110	60	2.0	2.7	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	95	50	1.7	2.3	1.1
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	800	750	50	9.3	18.2	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	70	50	20	0.8	1.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	185	10	2.3	4.5	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	185	185	0	2.1	4.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	195	185	10	2.3	4.5	0.2
48. Precision production	125	125	0	1.5	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	75	60	1.6	1.8	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	60	50	1.3	1.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Health and related fields	870	150	715	10.1	3.6	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	775	110	665	9.0	2.7	14.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	250	195	5.1	6.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	55	105	1.9	1.3	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	220	135	90	2.6	3.3	2.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	60	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,610	4,120	4,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,195	2,185	2,010	48.7	53.0	44.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,425	1,935	2,485	51.4	47.0	55.2
Location of study inside Canada	4,110	1,805	2,300	47.7	43.8	51.1
Same as province or territory of residence	3,975	1,745	2,235	46.2	42.4	49.7
Different than province or territory of residence	135	65	65	1.6	1.6	1.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	310	130	185	3.6	3.2	4.1
Americas	120	55	60	1.4	1.3	1.3
United States of America	80	35	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	80	25	55	0.9	0.6	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Asia	95	30	65	1.1	0.7	1.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pakistan	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Australia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,650	7,435	8,220	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,375	4,330	4,050	...	...	...
Employed	7,405	3,880	3,520	...	...	...
Unemployed	975	450	525	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,275	3,100	4,170	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.5	58.2	49.3	53.5	58.2	49.3
Employment rate	47.3	52.2	42.8	47.3	52.2	42.8
Unemployment rate	11.6	10.4	13.0	11.6	10.4	13.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,650	7,430	8,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,060	3,015	4,045	45.1	40.6	49.2
Worked	8,590	4,415	4,170	54.9	59.4	50.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,435	2,575	1,855	28.3	34.7	22.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,155	1,835	2,320	26.5	24.7	28.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	43.2	40.3	41.8	43.2	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,380	4,330	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	100	80	2.2	2.3	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,190	4,225	3,970	97.7	97.6	98.0
Employee	7,280	3,690	3,595	86.9	85.2	88.8
Permanent position	6,485	3,340	3,140	77.4	77.1	77.5
Temporary position	800	345	450	9.5	8.0	11.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	185	80	100	2.2	1.8	2.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	615	265	350	7.3	6.1	8.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	910	535	375	10.9	12.4	9.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,380	4,330	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	100	80	2.2	2.3	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,190	4,225	3,970	97.7	97.6	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	30	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,125	325	805	13.4	7.5	19.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	360	285	75	4.3	6.6	1.9
3 Health occupations	560	100	465	6.7	2.3	11.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	705	165	540	8.4	3.8	13.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	95	55	35	1.1	1.3	0.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,155	820	1,335	25.7	18.9	33.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,765	1,535	225	21.1	35.5	5.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	145	60	2.5	3.3	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,160	770	390	13.8	17.8	9.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,380	4,330	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	100	80	2.2	2.3	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	8,190	4,225	3,970	97.7	97.6	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	190	100	95	2.3	2.3	2.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
22 Utilities	65	60	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
23 Construction	730	615	115	8.7	14.2	2.8
31-33 Manufacturing	2,025	1,385	640	24.2	32.0	15.8
41 Wholesale trade	235	150	85	2.8	3.5	2.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,095	475	620	13.1	11.0	15.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	240	120	4.2	5.5	3.0
51 Information and cultural industries	65	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	235	75	155	2.8	1.7	3.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	50	35	1.0	1.2	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	300	135	165	3.6	3.1	4.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	335	190	140	4.0	4.4	3.5
61 Educational services	335	55	280	4.0	1.3	6.9
62 Health care and social assistance	930	130	800	11.1	3.0	19.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	65	30	1.1	1.5	0.7
72 Accommodation and food services	530	175	360	6.3	4.0	8.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	315	150	165	3.8	3.5	4.1
91 Public administration	245	135	110	2.9	3.1	2.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,140	4,650	4,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,010	4,570	4,440	98.6	98.3	98.9
French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	100	65	35	1.1	1.4	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,140	4,650	4,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,125	4,645	4,480	99.8	99.9	99.8
Official languages	9,120	4,640	4,480	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	9,110	4,630	4,480	99.7	99.6	99.8
French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,140	4,650	4,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,025	4,585	4,445	98.7	98.6	99.0
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	85	55	35	0.9	1.2	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	55	35	0.9	1.2	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,405	3,880	3,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	950	420	530	12.8	10.8	15.1
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	945	690	250	12.8	17.8	7.1
Usual place of work	5,500	2,765	2,735	74.3	71.3	77.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,500	2,765	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,875	1,225	1,645	52.3	44.3	60.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	970	575	395	17.6	20.8	14.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,655	965	690	30.1	34.9	25.2
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,445	3,455	2,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,975	3,260	2,715	92.7	94.4	91.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,450	3,050	2,405	84.6	88.3	80.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	525	215	315	8.1	6.2	10.6
Public transit	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
Walked	320	135	190	5.0	3.9	6.4
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other method	105	30	70	1.6	0.9	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,445	3,455	2,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,295	1,520	1,780	51.1	44.0	59.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,385	795	595	21.5	23.0	19.9
30 to 44 minutes	960	610	350	14.9	17.7	11.7
45 to 59 minutes	410	290	125	6.4	8.4	4.2
60 minutes and over	375	240	140	5.8	6.9	4.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,445	3,455	2,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	720	490	230	11.2	14.2	7.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,530	1,040	495	23.7	30.1	16.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,530	810	715	23.7	23.4	24.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,000	290	705	15.5	8.4	23.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	545	215	330	8.5	6.2	11.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,120	610	515	17.4	17.7	17.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,265	1,640	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	175	85	90	5.4	5.2	5.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,090	1,555	1,535	94.6	94.8	94.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,320	1,165	1,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	65	65	5.4	5.6	5.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	35	35	3.0	3.0	3.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	25	30	2.6	2.1	2.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,195	1,100	1,095	94.6	94.4	94.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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