Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Fort ErieMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,372	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,772^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,856	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,486	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,051.8	...	...	1,051.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.62	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,370	7,440	7,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,195	1,120	1,080	14.3	15.1	13.6
0 to 4 years	675	340	335	4.4	4.6	4.2
5 to 9 years	725	370	355	4.7	5.0	4.5
10 to 14 years	800	410	390	5.2	5.5	4.9
15 to 64 years	9,240	4,530	4,710	60.1	60.9	59.4
15 to 19 years	780	410	370	5.1	5.5	4.7
20 to 24 years	735	360	375	4.8	4.8	4.7
25 to 29 years	810	420	390	5.3	5.6	4.9
30 to 34 years	915	460	450	6.0	6.2	5.7
35 to 39 years	770	370	405	5.0	5.0	5.1
40 to 44 years	840	405	430	5.5	5.4	5.4
45 to 49 years	820	395	425	5.3	5.3	5.4
50 to 54 years	1,015	470	550	6.6	6.3	6.9
55 to 59 years	1,225	625	605	8.0	8.4	7.6
60 to 64 years	1,320	615	705	8.6	8.3	8.9
65 years and over	3,935	1,790	2,140	25.6	24.1	27.0
65 to 69 years	1,210	585	630	7.9	7.9	7.9
70 to 74 years	1,035	490	545	6.7	6.6	6.9
75 to 79 years	720	335	390	4.7	4.5	4.9
80 to 84 years	440	185	255	2.9	2.5	3.2
85 years and over	525	195	330	3.4	2.6	4.2
85 to 89 years	300	130	170	2.0	1.7	2.1
90 to 94 years	155	45	105	1.0	0.6	1.3
95 to 99 years	60	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.3	15.1	13.6	14.3	15.1	13.6
15 to 64 years	60.1	60.9	59.4	60.1	60.9	59.4
65 years and over	25.6	24.1	27.0	25.6	24.1	27.0
85 years and over	3.4	2.6	4.2	3.4	2.6	4.2
Average age of the population	45.9	44.7	47.0	45.9	44.7	47.0
Median age of the population	49.2	47.6	50.4	49.2	47.6	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,930	...	...	76.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	130	...	...	2.0	...	...
Row house	110	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	380	...	...	5.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	610	...	...	9.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	310	...	...	4.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,905	...	...	29.4	...	...
2 persons	2,415	...	...	37.2	...	...
3 persons	1,005	...	...	15.5	...	...
4 persons	740	...	...	11.4	...	...
5 or more persons	425	...	...	6.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,020	7,310	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,170	6,315	6,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,290	3,640	3,655	55.4	57.6	53.4
Married	5,845	2,920	2,930	44.4	46.2	42.8
Living common-law	1,445	720	725	11.0	11.4	10.6
Living common law - Never married	905	445	455	6.9	7.0	6.6
Living common law - Separated	115	60	50	0.9	1.0	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	370	195	175	2.8	3.1	2.6
Living common law - Widowed	65	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	5,880	2,680	3,200	44.6	42.4	46.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,285	1,810	1,475	24.9	28.7	21.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	540	240	300	4.1	3.8	4.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,050	425	625	8.0	6.7	9.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,010	205	800	7.7	3.2	11.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,575	...	...	57.1	...	...
3 persons	995	...	...	22.1	...	...
4 persons	645	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	295	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,560	...	...	78.9	...	...
Married couples	2,840	...	...	63.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,275	...	...	28.3	...	...
Without children	1,560	...	...	34.6	...	...
Common-law couples	720	...	...	16.0	...	...
With children⁶	305	...	...	6.8	...	...
Without children	420	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	955	...	...	21.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	740	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	215	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,020	7,310	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,295	6,070	6,220	81.9	83.0	80.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,115	3,555	3,565	47.4	48.6	46.2
Parents in one-parent families	950	210	740	6.3	2.9	9.6
Children⁶	4,230	2,305	1,920	28.2	31.5	24.9
In a two-parent family	2,785	1,485	1,305	18.5	20.3	16.9
In a one-parent family	1,445	825	620	9.6	11.3	8.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,725	1,235	1,485	18.1	16.9	19.3
Living alone	1,905	840	1,060	12.7	11.5	13.7
Living with other relatives⁷	335	120	220	2.2	1.6	2.9
Living with non-relatives only	485	280	210	3.2	3.8	2.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,935	...	...	60.6	...	...
Couple-family households	3,205	...	...	49.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,415	...	...	21.8	...	...
Without children	1,795	...	...	27.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	730	...	...	11.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	205	...	...	3.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	210	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	205	...	...	3.2	...	...
One-person households	1,905	...	...	29.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,825	6,185	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,425	5,985	6,440	96.9	96.8	97.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,800	32,800	36,400	40,800	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,425	5,985	6,440	96.9	96.8	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,200	30,800	33,600	37,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,555	5,210	5,345	82.3	84.2	80.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	34,800	22,000	28,000	34,800	22,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,015	4,110	3,900	62.5	66.5	58.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,800	24,400	30,600	36,800	24,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,470	5,480	5,990	89.4	88.6	90.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	11,500	13,700	12,800	11,500	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,540	755	790	12.0	12.2	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,520	5,800	5,640	5,520	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,520	1,650	1,865	27.4	26.7	28.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,000	10,000	9,000	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,745	6,115	6,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,370	5,900	6,465	97.1	96.5	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,840	48,920	39,240	43,840	48,920	39,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,370	5,900	6,465	97.1	96.5	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,360	42,240	34,840	38,360	42,240	34,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,565	5,135	5,430	82.9	84.0	81.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,800	44,240	31,720	37,800	44,240	31,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,990	4,035	3,955	62.7	66.0	59.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,960	44,040	33,760	38,960	44,040	33,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,425	5,410	6,015	89.6	88.5	90.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,510	11,400	13,520	12,510	11,400	13,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,550	645	905	12.2	10.5	13.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,175	6,200	6,160	6,175	6,200	6,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,420	1,570	1,855	26.8	25.7	28.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,740	9,030	10,340	9,740	9,030	10,340
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,745	6,115	6,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,440	1,975	1,460	27.0	32.3	22.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	60,000	49,200	54,000	60,000	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,850	66,100	56,100	61,850	66,100	56,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,260	1,405	1,855	25.6	23.0	28.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	18,400	15,400	16,800	18,400	15,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,500	25,640	21,900	23,500	25,640	21,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6	78.6	68.0	73.6	78.6	68.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.4	61.5	52.6	57.4	61.5	52.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.4	21.3	32.0	26.4	21.3	32.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.4	2.2	1.8	1.4	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.1	5.5	8.8	7.1	5.5	8.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.1	4.9	7.6	6.1	4.9	7.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,820	6,190	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	400	205	195	3.1	3.3	2.9
With total income	12,420	5,985	6,440	96.9	96.7	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	990	430	555	8.0	7.2	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,715	705	1,005	13.8	11.8	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,270	955	1,315	18.3	16.0	20.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,935	825	1,110	15.6	13.8	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,630	825	805	13.1	13.8	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,215	585	630	9.8	9.8	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	800	450	350	6.4	7.5	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	535	330	205	4.3	5.5	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	390	235	150	3.1	3.9	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	270	180	85	2.2	3.0	1.3
$100,000 and over	680	455	230	5.5	7.6	3.6
$100,000 to $149,999	505	330	180	4.1	5.5	2.8
$150,000 and over	175	125	50	1.4	2.1	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,820	6,190	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	400	205	195	3.1	3.3	2.9
With after-tax income	12,420	5,985	6,440	96.9	96.7	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,010	435	575	8.1	7.3	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,790	735	1,050	14.4	12.3	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,560	1,080	1,480	20.6	18.0	23.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,270	1,050	1,225	18.3	17.5	19.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,770	875	890	14.3	14.6	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	600	515	9.0	10.0	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	710	445	270	5.7	7.4	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	430	270	165	3.5	4.5	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	285	175	105	2.3	2.9	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	175	115	65	1.4	1.9	1.0
$100,000 and over	295	200	95	2.4	3.3	1.5
$100,000 to $124,999	150	105	45	1.2	1.8	0.7
$125,000 and over	145	95	50	1.2	1.6	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,820	6,190	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,810	2,080	2,730	37.5	33.6	41.1
With employment income	8,010	4,110	3,905	62.5	66.4	58.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,335	655	675	16.7	15.9	17.3
$5,000 to $9,999	760	325	440	9.5	7.9	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,040	430	610	13.0	10.5	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	830	385	450	10.4	9.4	11.5
$30,000 to $39,999	840	395	440	10.5	9.6	11.3
$40,000 to $49,999	800	420	380	10.0	10.2	9.7
$50,000 to $59,999	620	330	290	7.7	8.0	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	480	275	210	6.0	6.7	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	320	215	110	4.0	5.2	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	285	190	95	3.6	4.6	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	215	145	70	2.7	3.5	1.8
$100,000 and over	485	335	145	6.1	8.2	3.7
$100,000 to $124,999	275	185	90	3.4	4.5	2.3
$125,000 and over	215	150	55	2.7	3.6	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,825	6,185	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,220	5,880	6,340	95.3	95.1	95.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,000	30,200	34,400	40,000	30,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,220	5,875	6,345	95.3	95.0	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	36,400	28,200	31,800	36,400	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,575	5,220	5,355	82.5	84.4	80.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	37,200	25,400	30,400	37,200	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,165	4,185	3,980	63.7	67.7	60.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,400	33,200	38,400	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,980	5,235	5,750	85.6	84.6	86.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	4,840	8,900	7,600	4,840	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,070	545	520	8.3	8.8	7.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,920	5,160	5,640	5,920	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,745	6,115	6,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,215	5,825	6,390	95.8	95.3	96.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,240	48,560	36,480	42,240	48,560	36,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,215	5,825	6,390	95.8	95.3	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,640	41,440	32,280	36,640	41,440	32,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,640	5,185	5,450	83.5	84.8	82.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,360	46,440	32,640	39,360	46,440	32,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,195	4,175	4,020	64.3	68.3	60.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,760	44,480	34,840	39,760	44,480	34,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,990	5,220	5,765	86.2	85.4	87.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,840	8,040	9,560	8,840	8,040	9,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,065	500	565	8.4	8.2	8.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,420	6,300	6,520	6,420	6,300	6,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,745	6,115	6,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,415	1,945	1,475	26.8	31.8	22.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	60,000	44,800	52,000	60,000	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,700	65,300	52,300	59,700	65,300	52,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,150	1,345	1,805	24.7	22.0	27.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	25,400	23,000	23,600	25,400	23,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,040	31,640	27,080	29,040	31,640	27,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.2	85.2	76.4	81.2	85.2	76.4
Employment income (%)	63.1	65.6	60.1	63.1	65.6	60.1
Government transfers (%)	18.8	14.8	23.6	18.8	14.8	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,905	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,475	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	73,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,280	...	...	44,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,920	...	...	38,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,500	...	...	100,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,900	...	...	87,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	4.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	250	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	620	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	525	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	485	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	430	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,925	...	...	29.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	775	...	...	12.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	455	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	425	...	...	6.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	270	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	330	...	...	5.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	285	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	325	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	375	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	655	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	615	...	...	9.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	570	...	...	8.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	540	...	...	8.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	380	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,425	...	...	22.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	670	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	5.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	395	...	...	6.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,385	1,120	1,265	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,800	33,200	34,800	36,800	33,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,000	31,800	32,800	34,000	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,100	...	...	100,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,400	...	...	87,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,200	...	...	91,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...	79,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,400	...	...	124,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,400	...	...	107,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,200	...	...	72,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,350	1,045	1,310	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,520	43,600	43,440	43,520	43,600	43,440
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	38,200	38,560	38,400	38,200	38,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,020	7,310	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,655	1,365	1,290	17.7	18.7	16.7
0 to 5 years	810	415	395	5.4	5.7	5.1
18 to 64 years	8,710	4,235	4,475	58.0	57.9	58.0
65 years and over	3,655	1,710	1,950	24.3	23.4	25.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,920	900	1,020	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	425	235	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	140	80	65	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,020	475	540	...	...	...
65 years and over	475	185	290	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	12.3	13.2	12.8	12.3	13.2
0 to 17 years (%)	16.0	17.4	14.6	16.0	17.4	14.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	19.0	16.0	17.6	19.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.2	12.1	11.7	11.2	12.1
65 years and over (%)	13.1	10.9	15.0	13.1	10.9	15.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,020	7,310	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,655	1,365	1,295	17.7	18.7	16.8
0 to 5 years	810	415	400	5.4	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	8,710	4,240	4,470	58.0	58.0	58.0
65 years and over	3,655	1,705	1,945	24.3	23.3	25.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	540	280	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	390	210	180	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	15	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.8	3.4	3.6	3.8	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.8	3.6	4.0	3.8	3.6	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	5.0	4.0	4.5	5.0	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.0	1.7	1.4	1.0	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,015	7,310	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,110	4,365	4,745	60.7	59.7	61.5
In bottom decile	1,685	800	885	11.2	10.9	11.5
In second decile	1,805	830	980	12.0	11.4	12.7
In third decile	1,975	935	1,045	13.2	12.8	13.6
In fourth decile	1,810	890	925	12.1	12.2	12.0
In fifth decile	1,830	915	915	12.2	12.5	11.9
In top half of the distribution	5,915	2,945	2,965	39.4	40.3	38.5
In sixth decile	1,640	805	840	10.9	11.0	10.9
In seventh decile	1,385	695	695	9.2	9.5	9.0
In eighth decile	1,205	590	610	8.0	8.1	7.9
In ninth decile	1,020	525	500	6.8	7.2	6.5
In top decile	665	335	325	4.4	4.6	4.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,020	...	...	15,020	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.293	...	...	0.293	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.452	...	...	0.452	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.262	...	...	0.262	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,140	7,350	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	14,305	7,000	7,305	94.5	95.2	93.8
French only	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	710	300	410	4.7	4.1	5.3
Neither English nor French	105	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,140	7,350	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,795	7,205	7,595	97.7	98.0	97.6
French	220	95	125	1.5	1.3	1.6
English and French	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	95	35	65	0.6	0.5	0.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,140	7,350	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,835	7,200	7,635	98.0	98.0	98.1
Official languages	13,395	6,540	6,850	88.5	89.0	88.0
English	13,185	6,450	6,740	87.1	87.8	86.6
French	205	95	115	1.4	1.3	1.5
Non-official languages	1,440	660	780	9.5	9.0	10.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,435	655	780	9.5	8.9	10.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,025	475	545	6.8	6.5	7.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	95	125	1.5	1.3	1.6
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages	215	95	120	1.4	1.3	1.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Russian	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	40	65	0.7	0.5	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
German	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dari	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	580	275	305	3.8	3.7	3.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	215	100	110	1.4	1.4	1.4
Portuguese	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Romanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	315	145	165	2.1	2.0	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	100	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	150	155	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	65	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	185	100	85	1.2	1.4	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,140	7,350	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,630	6,640	6,990	90.0	90.3	89.8
French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	345	160	190	2.3	2.2	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	345	160	190	2.3	2.2	2.4
English and French	135	60	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	920	435	485	6.1	5.9	6.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,140	7,350	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,915	7,245	7,670	98.5	98.6	98.5
Official languages	14,250	6,935	7,310	94.1	94.4	93.9
English	14,190	6,910	7,280	93.7	94.0	93.5
French	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	670	305	360	4.4	4.1	4.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	665	305	360	4.4	4.1	4.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	460	210	250	3.0	2.9	3.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	50	0.7	0.7	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	115	150	1.8	1.6	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	55	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.4
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	195	90	105	1.3	1.2	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Chinese languages	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	20	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	110	120	1.5	1.5	1.5
English and French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	200	95	105	1.3	1.3	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,135	7,350	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,200	6,905	7,295	93.8	93.9	93.7
English	290	130	160	1.9	1.8	2.1
French	105	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official language	445	220	220	2.9	3.0	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	440	215	220	2.9	2.9	2.8
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,920	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	14,800	7,175	7,625	99.2	99.4	99.1
English	14,785	7,165	7,615	99.1	99.2	99.0
French	745	350	395	5.0	4.8	5.1
Non-official languages	2,000	920	1,085	13.4	12.7	14.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,985	920	1,070	13.3	12.7	13.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	65	55	0.8	0.9	0.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	65	55	0.8	0.9	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	125	40	85	0.8	0.6	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	35	75	0.7	0.5	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Haitian Creole	80	40	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,315	630	685	8.8	8.7	8.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	110	110	1.5	1.5	1.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	215	105	110	1.4	1.5	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Russian	85	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
German	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	135	70	65	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	130	65	65	0.9	0.9	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	800	375	425	5.4	5.2	5.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	335	155	180	2.2	2.1	2.3
Portuguese	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Romanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	445	195	245	3.0	2.7	3.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	60	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	85	75	1.1	1.2	1.0
Chinese languages	165	85	75	1.1	1.2	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	95	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,915	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	940	450	495	6.3	6.2	6.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	875	410	465	5.9	5.7	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	665	305	360	4.5	4.2	4.7
Métis	210	100	105	1.4	1.4	1.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	13,975	6,775	7,205	93.7	93.8	93.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,915	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	410	165	240	2.7	2.3	3.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,505	7,055	7,455	97.3	97.7	96.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,710	...	...	72.7	...	...
Renter	1,765	...	...	27.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	100	...	...	1.5	...	...
Not condominium	6,375	...	...	98.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	600	...	...	9.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,695	...	...	26.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,770	...	...	42.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,395	...	...	21.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,280	...	...	19.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,065	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,170	...	...	18.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,065	...	...	16.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,890	...	...	29.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,450	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,245	...	...	96.4	...	...
Not suitable	230	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,665	...	...	41.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,915	...	...	29.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	525	...	...	8.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	555	...	...	8.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	260	...	...	4.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	200	...	...	3.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	75	...	...	1.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	275	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,970	...	...	92.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	505	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,475	...	...	53.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,760	...	...	42.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	245	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	1.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	645	...	...	10.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	830	...	...	12.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,075	...	...	16.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,480	...	...	22.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,300	...	...	20.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	740	...	...	11.4	...	...
85 years and over	290	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,460	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,065	...	...	78.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,395	...	...	21.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,275	...	...	19.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,960	...	...	30.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,275	...	...	19.7	...	...
Not suitable only	165	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	365	...	...	5.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,510	...	...	69.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	755	...	...	11.9	...	...
Not in core need	5,585	...	...	88.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,705	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.4	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.0	...	...	16.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,259	...	...	1,259	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	492,000	...	...	492,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	506,000	...	...	506,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,770	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.4	...	...	18.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.4	...	...	36.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	28.2	...	...	28.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,024	...	...	1,024	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,915	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	385	195	190	2.6	2.7	2.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	380	185	190	2.5	2.6	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	370	175	190	2.5	2.4	2.5
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	700	350	350	4.7	4.8	4.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	675	330	340	4.5	4.6	4.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	545	270	275	3.7	3.7	3.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,825	6,680	7,150	92.7	92.5	92.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,915	7,225	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,085	6,905	7,180	94.4	95.6	93.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,530	1,335	1,200	17.0	18.5	15.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,550	5,570	5,980	77.4	77.1	77.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	830	315	515	5.6	4.4	6.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,915	7,225	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	12,135	6,005	6,125	81.4	83.1	79.6
Immigrants⁸¹	2,645	1,160	1,490	17.7	16.1	19.4
Before 1980	1,095	490	610	7.3	6.8	7.9
1980 to 1990	275	120	155	1.8	1.7	2.0
1991 to 2000	475	180	290	3.2	2.5	3.8
2001 to 2010	365	170	195	2.4	2.4	2.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	440	205	240	3.0	2.8	3.1
2011 to 2015	215	105	110	1.4	1.5	1.4
2016 to 2021	225	100	130	1.5	1.4	1.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	140	55	85	0.9	0.8	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,645	1,160	1,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	280	130	145	10.6	11.2	9.7
5 to 14 years	480	235	250	18.1	20.3	16.8
15 to 24 years	600	260	345	22.7	22.4	23.2
25 to 44 years	1,010	420	595	38.2	36.2	39.9
45 years and over	280	120	160	10.6	10.3	10.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,645	1,160	1,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,025	375	650	38.8	32.3	43.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.3
El Salvador	70	30	40	2.6	2.6	2.7
Guyana	30	15	15	1.1	1.3	1.0
Haiti	55	25	25	2.1	2.2	1.7
Jamaica	85	40	45	3.2	3.4	3.0
Mexico	25	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.3
Peru	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	600	205	395	22.7	17.7	26.5
Other places of birth in Americas	115	40	70	4.3	3.4	4.7
Europe	985	485	505	37.2	41.8	33.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0.6	0.9	0.7
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	70	35	35	2.6	3.0	2.3
Greece	30	15	15	1.1	1.3	1.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	210	90	115	7.9	7.8	7.7
Netherlands	40	20	15	1.5	1.7	1.0
Poland	70	35	40	2.6	3.0	2.7
Portugal	20	20	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0.8	0.9	0.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	390	195	195	14.7	16.8	13.1
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	40	3.0	3.4	2.7
Africa	55	30	20	2.1	2.6	1.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	10	10	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	0.8	0.9	0.7
Asia	575	265	310	21.7	22.8	20.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	10	10	0.8	0.9	0.7
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	30	20	10	1.1	1.7	0.7
China⁹⁰	115	60	50	4.3	5.2	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	20	15	1.1	1.7	1.0
Korea, South⁹²	55	25	35	2.1	2.2	2.3
Taiwan	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Philippines	100	30	65	3.8	2.6	4.4
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	55	45	3.8	4.7	3.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	35	45	3.0	3.0	3.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	225	95	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	155	65	95	68.9	68.4	73.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	4.4	0.0	7.7
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	40	25	31.1	42.1	19.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	20	55	33.3	21.1	42.3
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	8.9	10.5	7.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	10	10	0	4.4	10.5	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	4.4	0.0	7.7
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	40	15	25	17.8	15.8	19.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	4.4	10.5	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,915	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,050	1,330	1,720	20.4	18.4	22.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,155	1,595	1,560	21.2	22.1	20.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,710	4,295	4,415	58.4	59.5	57.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,555	675	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	500	240	260	32.2	35.6	29.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	245	125	125	15.8	18.5	14.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	250	115	140	16.1	17.0	15.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	650	235	415	41.8	34.8	47.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	350	170	175	22.5	25.2	19.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	55	30	30	3.5	4.4	3.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,555	675	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	280	130	150	18.0	19.3	17.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	185	60	125	11.9	8.9	14.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	25	2.6	2.2	2.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	20	25	2.6	3.0	2.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	30	0	30	1.9	0.0	3.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	985	450	535	63.3	66.7	60.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,915	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,630	770	860	10.9	10.7	11.2
South Asian	190	110	85	1.3	1.5	1.1
Chinese	255	130	120	1.7	1.8	1.6
Black	515	265	255	3.5	3.7	3.3
Filipino	115	45	70	0.8	0.6	0.9
Arab	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latin American	295	120	180	2.0	1.7	2.3
Southeast Asian	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.4
West Asian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,290	6,450	6,840	89.1	89.3	88.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,920	7,225	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,430	1,155	1,275	16.3	16.0	16.6
English	3,725	1,865	1,855	25.0	25.8	24.1
Irish	2,665	1,255	1,405	17.9	17.4	18.3
Scottish	2,440	1,170	1,265	16.4	16.2	16.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,500	760	740	10.1	10.5	9.6
German	2,365	1,220	1,145	15.9	16.9	14.9
Chinese	295	150	145	2.0	2.1	1.9
Italian	1,635	880	760	11.0	12.2	9.9
Indian (India)	135	70	65	0.9	1.0	0.8
Ukrainian	345	165	185	2.3	2.3	2.4
Dutch	725	335	390	4.9	4.6	5.1
Polish	600	320	285	4.0	4.4	3.7
Québécois	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	690	305	390	4.6	4.2	5.1
Filipino	110	40	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
French Canadian	205	120	85	1.4	1.7	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	355	175	185	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	480	235	240	3.2	3.3	3.1
Métis	170	95	75	1.1	1.3	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	50	90	0.9	0.7	1.2
Russian	180	85	95	1.2	1.2	1.2
Norwegian	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Welsh	335	180	155	2.2	2.5	2.0
Portuguese	95	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
American	370	145	225	2.5	2.0	2.9
Spanish	190	70	120	1.3	1.0	1.6
Swedish	135	45	85	0.9	0.6	1.1
Hungarian	385	155	230	2.6	2.1	3.0
Acadian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	95	35	65	0.6	0.5	0.8
Jewish	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Greek	95	60	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
Jamaican	190	80	110	1.3	1.1	1.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	60	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lebanese	35	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	45	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Danish	70	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	185	80	100	1.2	1.1	1.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Belgian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian	60	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mennonite	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swiss	45	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Finnish	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ojibway	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	75	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Slovak	50	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Iraqi	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
African Caribbean	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Algonquin	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Australian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Palestinian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maltese	95	40	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mohawk	75	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bulgarian	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African American	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Bosnian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	65	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,915	7,220	7,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	40	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
Christian	9,015	4,225	4,790	60.4	58.5	62.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,280	645	630	8.6	8.9	8.2
Anabaptist	65	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Anglican	1,185	560	620	7.9	7.8	8.1
Baptist	260	125	140	1.7	1.7	1.8
Catholic	4,135	1,940	2,195	27.7	26.9	28.5
Christian Orthodox	125	60	70	0.8	0.8	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	345	165	180	2.3	2.3	2.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	35	35	0.4	0.5	0.5
Presbyterian	385	160	225	2.6	2.2	2.9
Reformed	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
United Church	500	220	280	3.4	3.0	3.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	540	240	300	3.6	3.3	3.9
Hindu	65	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Jewish	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Muslim	125	70	55	0.8	1.0	0.7
Sikh	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	95	35	60	0.6	0.5	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	5,465	2,795	2,665	36.6	38.7	34.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,750	7,140	7,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,165	6,390	6,775	89.3	89.5	89.1
Movers	1,585	755	830	10.7	10.6	10.9
Non-migrants	755	335	415	5.1	4.7	5.5
Migrants	830	415	415	5.6	5.8	5.5
Internal migrants	800	400	400	5.4	5.6	5.3
Intraprovincial migrants	780	390	390	5.3	5.5	5.1
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
External migrants	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,275	6,915	7,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,900	4,255	4,645	62.3	61.5	63.1
Movers	5,375	2,665	2,720	37.7	38.5	37.0
Non-migrants	2,140	1,050	1,095	15.0	15.2	14.9
Migrants	3,240	1,615	1,625	22.7	23.4	22.1
Internal migrants	2,935	1,490	1,445	20.6	21.5	19.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,725	1,380	1,350	19.1	20.0	18.3
Interprovincial migrants	205	115	90	1.4	1.7	1.2
External migrants	305	125	180	2.1	1.8	2.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,745	6,115	6,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,405	1,305	1,095	18.9	21.3	16.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,345	4,810	5,535	81.2	78.7	83.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,650	3,625	4,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	915	490	425	12.0	13.5	10.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,735	3,135	3,595	88.0	86.5	89.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,750	6,115	6,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,165	1,165	1,005	17.0	19.1	15.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,720	2,175	2,545	37.0	35.6	38.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,860	2,780	3,080	46.0	45.5	46.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,105	1,985	2,125	32.2	32.5	32.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	905	635	270	7.1	10.4	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	455	270	185	3.6	4.4	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	450	365	85	3.5	6.0	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,990	1,265	1,725	23.5	20.7	26.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	85	135	1.6	1.4	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,755	800	960	13.8	13.1	14.5
Bachelor's degree	1,175	535	640	9.2	8.7	9.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	40	70	0.9	0.7	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	360	150	210	2.8	2.5	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	50	10	0.4	0.8	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,650	3,625	4,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	795	425	365	10.4	11.7	9.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,705	1,295	1,410	35.4	35.7	35.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,150	1,910	2,245	54.2	52.7	55.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,950	1,410	1,540	38.6	38.9	38.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	560	365	190	7.3	10.1	4.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	290	155	130	3.8	4.3	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	275	215	65	3.6	5.9	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,245	995	1,255	29.3	27.4	31.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	50	95	1.8	1.4	2.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,205	495	705	15.8	13.7	17.5
Bachelor's degree	790	355	440	10.3	9.8	10.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	20	60	1.1	0.6	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	265	85	180	3.5	2.3	4.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	35	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,750	6,115	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,885	3,335	3,545	54.0	54.5	53.4
Education	365	75	290	2.9	1.2	4.4
13. Education	365	75	290	2.9	1.2	4.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	200	105	95	1.6	1.7	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	35	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	160	70	90	1.3	1.1	1.4
Humanities	240	120	120	1.9	2.0	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	40	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
54. History	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	795	280	515	6.2	4.6	7.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	60	0.7	0.4	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	15	205	1.7	0.2	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	120	40	80	0.9	0.7	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	110	45	60	0.9	0.7	0.9
45. Social sciences	235	140	95	1.8	2.3	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,080	385	695	8.5	6.3	10.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	85	0.9	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	975	365	605	7.6	6.0	9.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	85	85	1.3	1.4	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	120	15	1.1	2.0	0.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	100	10	0.9	1.6	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,185	1,110	75	9.3	18.2	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	35	35	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
14. Engineering	135	115	20	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	235	45	2.2	3.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	245	240	0	1.9	3.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	310	0	2.5	5.1	0.0
48. Precision production	180	175	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	65	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	50	55	0.9	0.8	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	950	165	780	7.5	2.7	11.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	105	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	835	110	725	6.5	1.8	10.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	605	265	340	4.7	4.3	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	295	55	245	2.3	0.9	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	205	135	70	1.6	2.2	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	70	20	0.7	1.1	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,650	3,625	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,500	1,720	1,780	45.8	47.4	44.3
Education	205	35	170	2.7	1.0	4.2
13. Education	205	35	170	2.7	1.0	4.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	70	75	1.9	1.9	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	50	65	1.5	1.4	1.6
Humanities	170	85	85	2.2	2.3	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	25	40	0.8	0.7	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	30	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
54. History	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	215	405	8.1	5.9	10.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	40	0.8	0.4	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	15	180	2.5	0.4	4.5
22. Legal professions and studies	105	35	70	1.4	1.0	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	80	40	35	1.0	1.1	0.9
45. Social sciences	175	100	70	2.3	2.8	1.7
Business, management and public administration	785	280	505	10.3	7.7	12.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	65	1.0	0.3	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	710	270	440	9.3	7.4	10.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	55	75	1.6	1.5	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	95	10	1.4	2.6	0.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	90	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	785	720	65	10.3	19.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
14. Engineering	90	70	20	1.2	1.9	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	205	175	35	2.7	4.8	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	150	150	0	2.0	4.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205	205	0	2.7	5.7	0.0
48. Precision production	110	110	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	45	55	1.3	1.2	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	35	45	1.0	1.0	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	665	115	560	8.7	3.2	13.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	605	75	535	7.9	2.1	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	450	205	240	5.9	5.7	6.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	225	55	175	2.9	1.5	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	160	105	55	2.1	2.9	1.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	45	10	0.8	1.2	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,650	3,625	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,500	1,720	1,780	45.8	47.4	44.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,150	1,905	2,240	54.2	52.6	55.7
Location of study inside Canada	3,450	1,660	1,790	45.1	45.8	44.5
Same as province or territory of residence	3,270	1,570	1,700	42.7	43.3	42.3
Different than province or territory of residence	180	95	80	2.4	2.6	2.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	700	245	460	9.2	6.8	11.4
Americas	420	140	275	5.5	3.9	6.8
United States of America	345	105	240	4.5	2.9	6.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	40	25	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Europe	90	30	65	1.2	0.8	1.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Africa	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	175	65	110	2.3	1.8	2.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	25	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Philippines	55	15	35	0.7	0.4	0.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,750	6,115	6,630	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,085	3,645	3,435	...	...	...
Employed	5,980	3,145	2,835	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,105	510	600	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,665	2,470	3,195	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.6	59.6	51.8	55.6	59.6	51.8
Employment rate	46.9	51.4	42.8	46.9	51.4	42.8
Unemployment rate	15.6	14.0	17.5	15.6	14.0	17.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,750	6,115	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,715	2,555	3,155	44.8	41.8	47.6
Worked	7,030	3,560	3,470	55.1	58.2	52.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,590	2,085	1,510	28.2	34.1	22.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,440	1,480	1,965	27.0	24.2	29.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	41.8	38.9	40.4	41.8	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,085	3,650	3,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	140	115	3.7	3.8	3.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,830	3,505	3,320	96.4	96.0	96.7
Employee	5,980	2,995	2,980	84.4	82.1	86.8
Permanent position	5,105	2,560	2,540	72.1	70.1	73.9
Temporary position	875	440	440	12.4	12.1	12.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	220	75	140	3.1	2.1	4.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	650	355	295	9.2	9.7	8.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	845	510	335	11.9	14.0	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,085	3,650	3,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	140	115	3.7	3.8	3.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,830	3,505	3,320	96.4	96.0	96.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	30	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,015	295	720	14.3	8.1	21.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	335	270	60	4.7	7.4	1.7
3 Health occupations	470	45	425	6.6	1.2	12.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	615	215	400	8.7	5.9	11.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	205	120	85	2.9	3.3	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	2,130	830	1,305	30.1	22.7	38.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,370	1,260	115	19.3	34.5	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	115	40	2.2	3.2	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	490	330	160	6.9	9.0	4.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,085	3,650	3,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	140	115	3.7	3.8	3.3
All industries¹⁹¹	6,830	3,505	3,320	96.4	96.0	96.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	75	40	35	1.1	1.1	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	35	30	15	0.5	0.8	0.4
23 Construction	570	500	70	8.0	13.7	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	790	565	225	11.2	15.5	6.6
41 Wholesale trade	185	120	65	2.6	3.3	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	920	410	510	13.0	11.2	14.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	525	270	250	7.4	7.4	7.3
51 Information and cultural industries	80	50	35	1.1	1.4	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	155	45	110	2.2	1.2	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	55	45	1.5	1.5	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	280	115	165	4.0	3.2	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	350	210	140	4.9	5.8	4.1
61 Educational services	250	70	180	3.5	1.9	5.2
62 Health care and social assistance	800	115	685	11.3	3.2	19.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	180	155	4.7	4.9	4.5
72 Accommodation and food services	610	255	355	8.6	7.0	10.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	375	220	150	5.3	6.0	4.4
91 Public administration	375	245	130	5.3	6.7	3.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,575	3,845	3,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,370	3,750	3,625	97.3	97.5	97.2
French	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and French	80	35	45	1.1	0.9	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	80	45	35	1.1	1.2	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,575	3,845	3,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,555	3,835	3,715	99.7	99.7	99.6
Official languages	7,520	3,825	3,695	99.3	99.5	99.1
English	7,500	3,815	3,685	99.0	99.2	98.8
French	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Chinese languages	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
English and French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,575	3,845	3,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,415	3,770	3,650	97.9	98.0	97.9
English	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
French	60	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
Non-official language	50	30	20	0.7	0.8	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	30	20	0.7	0.8	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,975	3,140	2,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	910	335	580	15.2	10.7	20.4
Worked outside Canada	175	90	90	2.9	2.9	3.2
No fixed workplace address	790	595	195	13.2	18.9	6.9
Usual place of work	4,105	2,125	1,980	68.7	67.7	69.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,100	2,125	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,515	1,210	1,305	61.3	56.9	66.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,350	740	610	32.9	34.8	30.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	235	170	65	5.7	8.0	3.3
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,895	2,715	2,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,570	2,565	2,010	93.4	94.5	92.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,225	2,410	1,815	86.3	88.8	83.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	350	155	195	7.2	5.7	9.0
Public transit	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Walked	200	100	95	4.1	3.7	4.4
Bicycle	45	35	10	0.9	1.3	0.5
Other method	65	10	55	1.3	0.4	2.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,895	2,715	2,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,290	1,110	1,180	46.8	40.9	54.4
15 to 29 minutes	1,135	690	445	23.2	25.4	20.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,030	605	420	21.0	22.3	19.4
45 to 59 minutes	195	110	80	4.0	4.1	3.7
60 minutes and over	240	195	45	4.9	7.2	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,895	2,715	2,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	400	305	95	8.2	11.2	4.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	810	555	255	16.5	20.4	11.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,375	800	580	28.1	29.5	26.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	910	375	545	18.6	13.8	25.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	600	295	305	12.3	10.9	14.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	790	390	400	16.1	14.4	18.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,720	1,395	1,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	115	90	7.5	8.2	6.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,515	1,280	1,230	92.5	91.8	92.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,000	1,025	970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	95	65	8.0	9.3	6.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	55	40	4.8	5.4	4.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	40	20	3.0	3.9	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,840	930	905	92.0	90.7	93.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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