Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	TimminsMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	28,874	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	29,331	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.6	...	...	- 1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,801	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	12,757	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,561.3	...	...	1,561.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.49	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	28,865	14,185	14,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,550	2,305	2,250	15.8	16.2	15.3
0 to 4 years	1,305	655	655	4.5	4.6	4.5
5 to 9 years	1,585	820	760	5.5	5.8	5.2
10 to 14 years	1,655	825	830	5.7	5.8	5.7
15 to 64 years	18,820	9,420	9,395	65.2	66.4	64.0
15 to 19 years	1,585	825	760	5.5	5.8	5.2
20 to 24 years	1,940	1,035	910	6.7	7.3	6.2
25 to 29 years	2,010	1,045	965	7.0	7.4	6.6
30 to 34 years	1,980	985	990	6.9	6.9	6.7
35 to 39 years	1,755	860	895	6.1	6.1	6.1
40 to 44 years	1,715	830	880	5.9	5.9	6.0
45 to 49 years	1,795	885	910	6.2	6.2	6.2
50 to 54 years	1,775	845	930	6.1	6.0	6.3
55 to 59 years	2,170	1,060	1,110	7.5	7.5	7.6
60 to 64 years	2,100	1,045	1,050	7.3	7.4	7.2
65 years and over	5,495	2,465	3,035	19.0	17.4	20.7
65 to 69 years	1,725	850	875	6.0	6.0	6.0
70 to 74 years	1,340	655	685	4.6	4.6	4.7
75 to 79 years	1,015	440	575	3.5	3.1	3.9
80 to 84 years	740	290	450	2.6	2.0	3.1
85 years and over	680	230	455	2.4	1.6	3.1
85 to 89 years	440	175	265	1.5	1.2	1.8
90 to 94 years	190	35	150	0.7	0.2	1.0
95 to 99 years	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.2	15.3	15.8	16.2	15.3
15 to 64 years	65.2	66.4	64.0	65.2	66.4	64.0
65 years and over	19.0	17.4	20.7	19.0	17.4	20.7
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.1	2.4	1.6	3.1
Average age of the population	42.0	40.9	43.2	42.0	40.9	43.2
Median age of the population	41.6	40.0	43.2	41.6	40.0	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	12,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,430	...	...	58.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,110	...	...	8.7	...	...
Row house	555	...	...	4.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	805	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,315	...	...	18.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	455	...	...	3.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	85	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	12,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,430	...	...	34.7	...	...
2 persons	4,340	...	...	34.0	...	...
3 persons	1,890	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	1,450	...	...	11.4	...	...
5 or more persons	645	...	...	5.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,090	13,870	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	24,315	11,880	12,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,825	6,365	6,460	52.7	53.6	52.0
Married	9,420	4,680	4,740	38.7	39.4	38.1
Living common-law	3,410	1,680	1,725	14.0	14.1	13.9
Living common law - Never married	2,455	1,235	1,220	10.1	10.4	9.8
Living common law - Separated	230	115	120	0.9	1.0	1.0
Living common law - Divorced	620	295	330	2.5	2.5	2.7
Living common law - Widowed	100	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	11,490	5,520	5,970	47.3	46.5	48.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,245	4,105	3,135	29.8	34.6	25.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	945	395	545	3.9	3.3	4.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,515	630	885	6.2	5.3	7.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,790	390	1,405	7.4	3.3	11.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,420	...	...	55.9	...	...
3 persons	1,730	...	...	21.9	...	...
4 persons	1,285	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 or more persons	475	...	...	6.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,275	...	...	79.4	...	...
Married couples	4,570	...	...	57.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,055	...	...	26.0	...	...
Without children	2,520	...	...	31.9	...	...
Common-law couples	1,705	...	...	21.6	...	...
With children⁶	770	...	...	9.7	...	...
Without children	930	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,635	...	...	20.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,240	...	...	15.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	400	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	28,090	13,870	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	21,700	10,665	11,040	77.3	76.9	77.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,545	6,245	6,300	44.7	45.0	44.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,630	395	1,235	5.8	2.8	8.7
Children⁶	7,520	4,020	3,500	26.8	29.0	24.6
In a two-parent family	4,995	2,625	2,370	17.8	18.9	16.7
In a one-parent family	2,525	1,395	1,130	9.0	10.1	7.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,385	3,210	3,175	22.7	23.1	22.3
Living alone	4,425	2,170	2,260	15.8	15.6	15.9
Living with other relatives⁷	615	265	350	2.2	1.9	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	1,345	775	570	4.8	5.6	4.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	12,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,175	...	...	56.3	...	...
Couple-family households	5,855	...	...	45.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,650	...	...	20.8	...	...
Without children	3,205	...	...	25.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,320	...	...	10.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	215	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	360	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	545	...	...	4.3	...	...
One-person households	4,430	...	...	34.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	23,545	11,575	11,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,795	11,185	11,610	96.8	96.6	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	48,400	36,800	41,600	48,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,800	11,185	11,615	96.8	96.6	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,200	34,000	37,600	43,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,575	9,875	9,700	83.1	85.3	81.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	46,800	30,400	37,600	46,800	30,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,265	8,530	7,730	69.1	73.7	64.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	49,200	33,600	40,400	49,200	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,605	9,855	10,745	87.5	85.1	89.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700	8,300	11,400	9,700	8,300	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,305	1,020	1,285	9.8	8.8	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,920	5,480	5,680	5,920	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,870	2,715	3,160	24.9	23.5	26.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	23,600	11,630	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,950	11,310	11,635	97.2	97.2	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,350	61,400	45,600	53,350	61,400	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,950	11,310	11,640	97.2	97.2	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,560	49,800	39,440	44,560	49,800	39,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,770	9,995	9,770	83.8	85.9	81.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,960	59,350	40,360	49,960	59,350	40,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,415	8,655	7,760	69.6	74.4	64.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,500	59,700	42,360	51,500	59,700	42,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,645	9,875	10,770	87.5	84.9	90.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	10,250	12,660	11,500	10,250	12,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,320	980	1,340	9.8	8.4	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,390	7,800	7,100	7,390	7,800	7,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,875	2,835	3,045	24.9	24.4	25.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,560	8,250	8,850	8,560	8,250	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	23,600	11,635	11,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,910	4,410	3,500	33.5	37.9	29.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	73,500	56,800	65,000	73,500	56,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,100	84,900	67,300	77,100	84,900	67,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,985	2,905	3,075	25.4	25.0	25.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	24,400	15,900	18,600	24,400	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,520	39,640	23,840	31,520	39,640	23,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.6	85.4	74.4	80.6	85.4	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	74.4	62.0	69.0	74.4	62.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.4	14.6	25.7	19.4	14.6	25.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.8	1.4	1.1	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.8	6.2	4.8	3.8	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.4	5.1	4.1	3.4	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	23,540	11,575	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	745	390	355	3.2	3.4	3.0
With total income	22,795	11,185	11,610	96.8	96.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,640	705	930	7.2	6.3	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,880	1,160	1,715	12.6	10.4	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,615	1,555	2,060	15.9	13.9	17.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,820	1,255	1,570	12.4	11.2	13.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,490	1,085	1,405	10.9	9.7	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	2,055	920	1,130	9.0	8.2	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,650	795	855	7.2	7.1	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	700	515	5.4	6.3	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	905	520	385	4.0	4.6	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	795	495	295	3.5	4.4	2.5
$100,000 and over	2,735	1,990	745	12.0	17.8	6.4
$100,000 to $149,999	2,155	1,520	630	9.5	13.6	5.4
$150,000 and over	580	470	115	2.5	4.2	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	23,540	11,575	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	740	385	355	3.1	3.3	3.0
With after-tax income	22,800	11,185	11,615	96.9	96.6	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,715	735	980	7.5	6.6	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,990	1,230	1,760	13.1	11.0	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,065	1,730	2,340	17.8	15.5	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,365	1,530	1,840	14.8	13.7	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,840	1,270	1,565	12.5	11.4	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,230	1,105	1,125	9.8	9.9	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,570	845	725	6.9	7.6	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	755	460	5.4	6.8	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,045	645	405	4.6	5.8	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	700	530	170	3.1	4.7	1.5
$100,000 and over	1,060	810	245	4.6	7.2	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	720	560	160	3.2	5.0	1.4
$125,000 and over	335	255	85	1.5	2.3	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	23,540	11,575	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,275	3,040	4,235	30.9	26.3	35.4
With employment income	16,265	8,535	7,735	69.1	73.7	64.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,255	1,140	1,115	13.9	13.4	14.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,070	435	635	6.6	5.1	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,825	765	1,060	11.2	9.0	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,485	690	795	9.1	8.1	10.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,440	635	805	8.9	7.4	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,430	625	800	8.8	7.3	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,285	630	660	7.9	7.4	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,060	580	485	6.5	6.8	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	825	495	330	5.1	5.8	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	675	415	260	4.2	4.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	660	420	245	4.1	4.9	3.2
$100,000 and over	2,245	1,700	550	13.8	19.9	7.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,240	855	380	7.6	10.0	4.9
$125,000 and over	1,010	840	170	6.2	9.8	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	23,545	11,575	11,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,490	11,035	11,455	95.5	95.3	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	47,200	33,600	39,200	47,200	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,495	11,035	11,460	95.5	95.3	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,000	31,000	35,600	42,000	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,540	9,835	9,705	83.0	85.0	81.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	47,600	31,200	37,600	47,600	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,540	8,695	7,850	70.2	75.1	65.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	48,800	33,200	39,200	48,800	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,555	9,300	10,255	83.1	80.3	85.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	2,200	7,350	5,480	2,200	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,095	895	1,200	8.9	7.7	10.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,680	6,200	5,400	5,680	6,200	5,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	23,600	11,630	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,580	11,125	11,455	95.7	95.7	95.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,480	59,250	42,000	50,480	59,250	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,580	11,125	11,455	95.7	95.7	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,160	48,120	36,400	42,160	48,120	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,715	9,970	9,745	83.5	85.7	81.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,240	58,900	39,400	49,240	58,900	39,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,660	8,805	7,855	70.6	75.7	65.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,880	58,250	40,520	49,880	58,250	40,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,575	9,290	10,285	82.9	79.9	86.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,630	7,720	9,460	8,630	7,720	9,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,160	985	1,180	9.2	8.5	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,090	7,300	6,920	7,090	7,300	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	23,600	11,635	11,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,865	4,375	3,485	33.3	37.6	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	72,000	52,000	61,200	72,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,700	80,900	60,100	71,700	80,900	60,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,665	2,795	2,870	24.0	24.0	24.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	28,800	21,400	24,400	28,800	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,520	43,320	27,960	35,520	43,320	27,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.2	89.2	79.8	85.2	89.2	79.8
Employment income (%)	73.0	77.8	66.2	73.0	77.8	66.2
Government transfers (%)	14.8	10.9	20.2	14.8	10.9	20.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.1	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	12,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	12,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...	95,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...	79,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,800	...	...	47,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,120	...	...	41,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,600	...	...	120,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,100	...	...	100,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	12,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	240	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	355	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	680	...	...	5.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	455	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	550	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	525	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	515	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	925	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	870	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	830	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	690	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,685	...	...	36.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,330	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,055	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,345	...	...	10.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	965	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	12,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	240	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	365	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	735	...	...	5.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	675	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	660	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	600	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	560	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,095	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	940	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	850	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	680	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,645	...	...	28.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,400	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	985	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,260	...	...	9.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,775	2,945	2,830	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	38,800	31,600	35,200	38,800	31,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	35,200	30,200	32,400	35,200	30,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,985	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	120,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	99,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,100	...	...	93,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,800	...	...	154,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,400	...	...	128,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,700	...	...	67,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,775	2,975	2,795	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,120	48,000	42,040	45,120	48,000	42,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,960	40,680	37,160	38,960	40,680	37,160
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	28,085	13,875	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,490	2,795	2,695	19.5	20.1	19.0
0 to 5 years	1,600	805	795	5.7	5.8	5.6
18 to 64 years	17,730	8,835	8,895	63.1	63.7	62.6
65 years and over	4,865	2,245	2,620	17.3	16.2	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,685	1,640	2,045	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	810	405	405	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	275	130	145	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,035	940	1,095	...	...	...
65 years and over	840	290	550	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	11.8	14.4	13.1	11.8	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	14.6	15.0	14.8	14.6	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.4	16.4	18.4	17.4	16.4	18.4
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.7	12.3	11.5	10.7	12.3
65 years and over (%)	17.3	13.0	21.1	17.3	13.0	21.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	28,090	13,870	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,495	2,795	2,700	19.6	20.2	19.0
0 to 5 years	1,600	805	795	5.7	5.8	5.6
18 to 64 years	17,730	8,835	8,895	63.1	63.7	62.6
65 years and over	4,865	2,240	2,620	17.3	16.1	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,225	650	580	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	180	95	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	980	525	450	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	20	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.7	4.1	4.4	4.7	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.5	3.0	3.2	3.5	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	6.0	5.1	5.5	6.0	5.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.0	1.7	1.4	1.0	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	28,085	13,875	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,320	6,820	7,500	51.0	49.2	52.8
In bottom decile	3,395	1,590	1,800	12.1	11.5	12.7
In second decile	3,090	1,430	1,660	11.0	10.3	11.7
In third decile	2,730	1,295	1,435	9.7	9.3	10.1
In fourth decile	2,750	1,330	1,415	9.8	9.6	10.0
In fifth decile	2,365	1,175	1,195	8.4	8.5	8.4
In top half of the distribution	13,760	7,050	6,715	49.0	50.8	47.2
In sixth decile	2,645	1,300	1,345	9.4	9.4	9.5
In seventh decile	2,645	1,350	1,295	9.4	9.7	9.1
In eighth decile	2,805	1,445	1,360	10.0	10.4	9.6
In ninth decile	3,145	1,625	1,520	11.2	11.7	10.7
In top decile	2,525	1,325	1,195	9.0	9.5	8.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	28,090	...	...	28,090	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.326	...	...	0.326	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.455	...	...	0.455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.286	...	...	0.286	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	28,400	14,005	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	13,625	7,030	6,595	48.0	50.2	45.8
French only	420	190	235	1.5	1.4	1.6
English and French	14,300	6,765	7,540	50.4	48.3	52.4
Neither English nor French	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	28,400	14,005	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,505	9,365	9,140	65.2	66.9	63.5
French	9,590	4,500	5,095	33.8	32.1	35.4
English and French	265	120	145	0.9	0.9	1.0
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	28,400	14,005	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,965	13,310	13,655	94.9	95.0	94.9
Official languages	25,215	12,450	12,765	88.8	88.9	88.7
English	15,590	7,905	7,690	54.9	56.4	53.4
French	9,625	4,545	5,075	33.9	32.5	35.3
Non-official languages	1,745	860	885	6.1	6.1	6.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	310	130	180	1.1	0.9	1.3
Algonquian languages	310	130	175	1.1	0.9	1.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	300	120	175	1.1	0.9	1.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	300	120	175	1.1	0.9	1.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	140	45	90	0.5	0.3	0.6
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,440	730	710	5.1	5.2	4.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	115	40	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,020	545	475	3.6	3.9	3.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	565	340	220	2.0	2.4	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	540	325	215	1.9	2.3	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	110	80	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Hindi	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	360	195	160	1.3	1.4	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	105	140	0.9	0.7	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	165	70	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
Portuguese	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	65	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,435	695	745	5.1	5.0	5.2
English and French	1,200	570	630	4.2	4.1	4.4
English and non-official language(s)	215	115	100	0.8	0.8	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	28,400	14,005	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,695	9,545	9,150	65.8	68.2	63.6
French	3,540	1,605	1,940	12.5	11.5	13.5
Non-official language	440	215	225	1.5	1.5	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	370	185	180	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	4,455	2,020	2,435	15.7	14.4	16.9
English and non-official language(s)	1,155	575	580	4.1	4.1	4.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	28,400	14,005	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,170	13,450	13,720	95.7	96.0	95.3
Official languages	26,300	13,000	13,295	92.6	92.8	92.4
English	21,595	10,865	10,725	76.0	77.6	74.5
French	4,700	2,135	2,565	16.5	15.2	17.8
Non-official languages	870	445	425	3.1	3.2	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Algonquian languages	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	750	395	355	2.6	2.8	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	540	300	240	1.9	2.1	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	450	265	190	1.6	1.9	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	435	255	185	1.5	1.8	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	90	65	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
Hindi	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	300	160	140	1.1	1.1	1.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,230	555	675	4.3	4.0	4.7
English and French	1,015	445	565	3.6	3.2	3.9
English and non-official language(s)	200	100	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	28,400	14,005	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,855	11,885	11,970	84.0	84.9	83.1
English	1,480	695	785	5.2	5.0	5.5
French	2,315	1,055	1,265	8.2	7.5	8.8
Non-official language	560	260	300	2.0	1.9	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	175	80	95	0.6	0.6	0.7
Non-Indigenous	385	180	205	1.4	1.3	1.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	28,195	13,990	14,205	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	27,800	13,785	14,020	98.4	98.4	98.5
French	14,815	7,070	7,740	52.5	50.4	54.4
Non-official languages	2,320	1,150	1,165	8.2	8.2	8.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	430	200	230	1.5	1.4	1.6
Algonquian languages	430	200	230	1.5	1.4	1.6
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	405	180	230	1.4	1.3	1.6
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	405	180	230	1.4	1.3	1.6
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	240	105	135	0.8	0.7	0.9
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	125	55	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,900	955	945	6.7	6.8	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	170	60	110	0.6	0.4	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	60	110	0.6	0.4	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	90	75	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	70	60	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Tamil	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Telugu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,295	645	650	4.6	4.6	4.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	70	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	70	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	20	0.2	0.1	0.1
Russian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	50	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
German	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	560	350	210	2.0	2.5	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	520	320	200	1.8	2.3	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	125	90	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Hindi	315	195	115	1.1	1.4	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	300	170	130	1.1	1.2	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	35	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	450	170	285	1.6	1.2	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	220	90	130	0.8	0.6	0.9
Portuguese	30	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	210	75	135	0.7	0.5	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	75	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Chinese languages	115	75	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,385	2,165	2,220	15.5	15.4	15.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,300	2,130	2,170	15.2	15.2	15.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,035	1,025	1,010	7.2	7.3	7.1
Métis	2,230	1,085	1,140	7.9	7.7	8.0
Inuk (Inuit)	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	23,860	11,850	12,010	84.5	84.6	84.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,695	830	870	6.0	5.9	6.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	26,550	13,190	13,365	94.0	94.1	93.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,795	...	...	60.8	...	...
Renter	5,030	...	...	39.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	410	...	...	3.2	...	...
Not condominium	12,410	...	...	96.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	1,975	...	...	15.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,565	...	...	27.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,620	...	...	36.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,595	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,055	...	...	31.6	...	...
5 rooms	2,600	...	...	20.3	...	...
6 rooms	2,045	...	...	16.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,530	...	...	11.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,580	...	...	20.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,680	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	140	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	12,350	...	...	96.3	...	...
Not suitable	465	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,940	...	...	38.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,690	...	...	36.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,580	...	...	12.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	935	...	...	7.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	150	...	...	1.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	170	...	...	1.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	175	...	...	1.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	180	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	11,790	...	...	92.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,030	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,395	...	...	57.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,090	...	...	39.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	340	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	12,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	640	...	...	5.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,085	...	...	16.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,090	...	...	16.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,130	...	...	16.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,555	...	...	19.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,960	...	...	15.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,035	...	...	8.1	...	...
85 years and over	320	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	12,760	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,450	...	...	81.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,305	...	...	18.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,125	...	...	16.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	12,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,470	...	...	27.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,040	...	...	15.9	...	...
Not suitable only	355	...	...	2.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	740	...	...	5.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	220	...	...	1.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,355	...	...	73.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	12,580	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,095	...	...	8.7	...	...
Not in core need	11,485	...	...	91.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,790	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.0	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.2	...	...	9.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,244	...	...	1,244	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	237,400	...	...	237,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,030	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.8	...	...	19.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.8	...	...	31.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.7	...	...	18.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	948	...	...	948	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	28,245	14,020	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,120	1,070	1,055	7.5	7.6	7.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,060	1,030	1,030	7.3	7.3	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,405	695	710	5.0	5.0	5.0
Métis single ancestry	640	330	310	2.3	2.4	2.2
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,760	1,305	1,450	9.8	9.3	10.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,685	1,280	1,410	9.5	9.1	9.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,310	605	705	4.6	4.3	5.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,365	665	705	4.8	4.7	5.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	23,365	11,640	11,725	82.7	83.0	82.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	27,275	13,475	13,800	96.6	96.1	97.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,505	2,825	2,680	19.5	20.2	18.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,770	10,655	11,120	77.1	76.0	78.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	970	540	430	3.4	3.9	3.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	26,585	13,175	13,405	94.1	94.0	94.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,045	485	565	3.7	3.5	4.0
Before 1980	350	145	200	1.2	1.0	1.4
1980 to 1990	75	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
1991 to 2000	110	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
2001 to 2010	150	70	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	355	165	190	1.3	1.2	1.3
2011 to 2015	140	50	95	0.5	0.4	0.7
2016 to 2021	210	115	100	0.7	0.8	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	620	360	260	2.2	2.6	1.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,045	480	565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	95	40	60	9.1	8.3	10.6
5 to 14 years	235	120	120	22.5	25.0	21.2
15 to 24 years	180	80	105	17.2	16.7	18.6
25 to 44 years	455	210	245	43.5	43.8	43.4
45 years and over	75	35	40	7.2	7.3	7.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,045	480	565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	135	60	70	12.9	12.5	12.4
Brazil	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	15	10	0	1.4	2.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	15	2.4	2.1	2.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	15	25	3.8	3.1	4.4
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	15	3.8	4.2	2.7
Europe	355	155	195	34.0	32.3	34.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	35	10	25	3.3	2.1	4.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	55	30	30	5.3	6.3	5.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	15	0	1.4	3.1	0.0
Italy	60	10	50	5.7	2.1	8.8
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.8
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85	45	40	8.1	9.4	7.1
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	35	5.3	5.2	6.2
Africa	60	30	30	5.7	6.3	5.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	25	30	4.8	5.2	5.3
Asia	495	230	270	47.4	47.9	47.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	1.4	2.1	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	65	40	25	6.2	8.3	4.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	15	0	1.4	3.1	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	145	45	105	13.9	9.4	18.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	105	50	60	10.0	10.4	10.6
Pakistan	20	15	0	1.9	3.1	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	25	25	4.8	5.2	4.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	210	115	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	0	4.8	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	4.8	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	10	10	7.1	8.7	10.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	4.8	0.0	10.0
Africa	20	10	15	9.5	8.7	15.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	9.5	8.7	10.0
Asia	165	95	70	78.6	82.6	70.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	4.8	8.7	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	25	30	26.2	21.7	30.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	15	10	0	7.1	8.7	0.0
Philippines	30	15	15	14.3	13.0	15.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,760	905	860	6.2	6.5	6.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,945	905	1,040	6.9	6.5	7.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	24,535	12,200	12,335	86.9	87.0	86.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	695	330	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	345	175	170	49.6	53.0	46.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	175	110	70	25.2	33.3	19.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	60	105	23.7	18.2	28.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	95	135	33.8	28.8	37.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	110	60	50	15.8	18.2	13.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	695	330	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	60	30	30	8.6	9.1	8.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	95	25	70	13.7	7.6	19.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	15	4.3	4.5	4.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	55	35	12.2	16.7	9.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	410	205	210	59.0	62.1	57.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,580	830	760	5.6	5.9	5.3
South Asian	715	445	270	2.5	3.2	1.9
Chinese	140	80	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Black	230	105	125	0.8	0.7	0.9
Filipino	195	60	140	0.7	0.4	1.0
Arab	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Latin American	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	70	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
West Asian	50	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	26,660	13,190	13,470	94.4	94.1	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,595	2,835	2,765	19.8	20.2	19.4
English	3,520	1,745	1,775	12.5	12.5	12.5
Irish	4,355	1,970	2,385	15.4	14.1	16.8
Scottish	3,180	1,425	1,755	11.3	10.2	12.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,430	4,100	4,335	29.8	29.3	30.5
German	1,655	865	795	5.9	6.2	5.6
Chinese	155	80	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
Italian	1,690	830	860	6.0	5.9	6.0
Indian (India)	375	235	135	1.3	1.7	0.9
Ukrainian	625	300	320	2.2	2.1	2.2
Dutch	505	240	265	1.8	1.7	1.9
Polish	950	475	475	3.4	3.4	3.3
Québécois	305	150	155	1.1	1.1	1.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	480	265	215	1.7	1.9	1.5
Filipino	165	60	110	0.6	0.4	0.8
French Canadian	2,480	1,155	1,325	8.8	8.2	9.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,420	710	705	5.0	5.1	5.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,080	470	610	3.8	3.4	4.3
Métis	2,125	1,045	1,080	7.5	7.5	7.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	340	160	180	1.2	1.1	1.3
Russian	170	80	95	0.6	0.6	0.7
Norwegian	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Welsh	285	145	140	1.0	1.0	1.0
Portuguese	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
American	150	85	65	0.5	0.6	0.5
Spanish	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swedish	115	35	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
Hungarian	155	105	45	0.5	0.7	0.3
Acadian	220	105	115	0.8	0.7	0.8
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	90	25	65	0.3	0.2	0.5
Jewish	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Punjabi	145	80	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
Vietnamese	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	555	270	285	2.0	1.9	2.0
Korean	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lebanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	185	80	110	0.7	0.6	0.8
Danish	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	560	280	275	2.0	2.0	1.9
Sikh	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Austrian	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belgian	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	110	60	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexican	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	550	270	285	1.9	1.9	2.0
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Croatian	265	105	160	0.9	0.7	1.1
Japanese	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	75	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Guyanese	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	155	90	65	0.5	0.6	0.5
Newfoundlander	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	355	170	185	1.3	1.2	1.3
Persian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	40	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	230	105	120	0.8	0.7	0.8
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nova Scotian	75	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	385	215	170	1.4	1.5	1.2
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	28,245	14,015	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	18,510	8,670	9,845	65.5	61.9	69.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,000	500	505	3.5	3.6	3.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	775	350	425	2.7	2.5	3.0
Baptist	245	100	135	0.9	0.7	0.9
Catholic	14,815	6,945	7,870	52.5	49.6	55.3
Christian Orthodox	50	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	125	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	150	85	65	0.5	0.6	0.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	180	75	110	0.6	0.5	0.8
Presbyterian	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	615	270	345	2.2	1.9	2.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	430	220	215	1.5	1.6	1.5
Hindu	275	170	105	1.0	1.2	0.7
Jewish	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	95	60	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Sikh	225	145	85	0.8	1.0	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	50	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	75	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	8,885	4,835	4,050	31.5	34.5	28.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	27,980	13,875	14,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	24,300	12,050	12,250	86.8	86.8	86.8
Movers	3,685	1,825	1,855	13.2	13.2	13.1
Non-migrants	2,895	1,370	1,525	10.3	9.9	10.8
Migrants	785	455	330	2.8	3.3	2.3
Internal migrants	725	425	305	2.6	3.1	2.2
Intraprovincial migrants	650	380	265	2.3	2.7	1.9
Interprovincial migrants	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	26,855	13,280	13,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,700	8,330	8,370	62.2	62.7	61.7
Movers	10,150	4,960	5,200	37.8	37.3	38.3
Non-migrants	6,985	3,285	3,700	26.0	24.7	27.3
Migrants	3,170	1,675	1,495	11.8	12.6	11.0
Internal migrants	2,490	1,280	1,215	9.3	9.6	9.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,035	1,035	1,000	7.6	7.8	7.4
Interprovincial migrants	460	245	215	1.7	1.8	1.6
External migrants	675	395	280	2.5	3.0	2.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,600	11,635	11,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,875	3,010	2,865	24.9	25.9	23.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,725	8,620	9,105	75.1	74.1	76.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,275	7,565	7,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,515	1,355	1,160	16.5	17.9	15.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,765	6,210	6,550	83.6	82.1	85.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,600	11,630	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,290	2,630	2,660	22.4	22.6	22.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,230	3,740	3,495	30.6	32.2	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,080	5,260	5,815	46.9	45.2	48.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,995	4,030	3,960	33.9	34.7	33.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,540	1,200	340	6.5	10.3	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	755	565	195	3.2	4.9	1.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	780	635	145	3.3	5.5	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,165	2,715	3,450	26.1	23.3	28.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	120	170	1.2	1.0	1.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,080	1,230	1,850	13.1	10.6	15.5
Bachelor's degree	2,230	840	1,390	9.4	7.2	11.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	285	105	180	1.2	0.9	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	65	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Master's degree	440	205	235	1.9	1.8	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,275	7,570	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,185	1,155	1,035	14.3	15.3	13.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,590	2,465	2,125	30.0	32.6	27.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,500	3,945	4,555	55.6	52.1	59.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,040	3,005	3,030	39.5	39.7	39.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,060	825	235	6.9	10.9	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	555	420	135	3.6	5.5	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	505	405	100	3.3	5.4	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,800	2,100	2,695	31.4	27.7	35.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	80	100	1.2	1.1	1.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,465	940	1,520	16.1	12.4	19.7
Bachelor's degree	1,770	650	1,115	11.6	8.6	14.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	70	145	1.4	0.9	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	380	165	215	2.5	2.2	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	23,595	11,630	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,520	6,370	6,150	53.1	54.8	51.4
Education	760	160	600	3.2	1.4	5.0
13. Education	760	160	600	3.2	1.4	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	95	120	0.9	0.8	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	180	75	105	0.8	0.6	0.9
Humanities	345	140	205	1.5	1.2	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	35	70	0.4	0.3	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,065	260	810	4.5	2.2	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	325	0	320	1.4	0.0	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	200	60	135	0.8	0.5	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	225	50	175	1.0	0.4	1.5
45. Social sciences	240	110	130	1.0	0.9	1.1
Business, management and public administration	2,090	655	1,440	8.9	5.6	12.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	480	80	400	2.0	0.7	3.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,610	575	1,030	6.8	4.9	8.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	175	170	1.5	1.5	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	30	75	0.4	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	165	115	50	0.7	1.0	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	140	80	0.9	1.2	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	125	55	0.8	1.1	0.5
25. Library science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,850	2,670	180	12.1	23.0	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	40	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	275	210	60	1.2	1.8	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	885	800	80	3.8	6.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	455	440	15	1.9	3.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	920	905	20	3.9	7.8	0.2
48. Precision production	280	280	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	310	170	140	1.3	1.5	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	15	65	0.3	0.1	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	155	75	1.0	1.3	0.6
Health and related fields	2,045	355	1,685	8.7	3.1	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	50	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,895	300	1,595	8.0	2.6	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	825	445	385	3.5	3.8	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	330	45	280	1.4	0.4	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	305	215	90	1.3	1.8	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	180	10	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,275	7,565	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,775	3,615	3,155	44.4	47.8	40.9
Education	565	125	440	3.7	1.7	5.7
13. Education	565	125	440	3.7	1.7	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	70	90	1.1	0.9	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	155	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
Humanities	215	85	135	1.4	1.1	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	890	220	670	5.8	2.9	8.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	0	275	1.8	0.0	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	185	50	125	1.2	0.7	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	185	45	140	1.2	0.6	1.8
45. Social sciences	195	100	95	1.3	1.3	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,585	440	1,145	10.4	5.8	14.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	375	65	310	2.5	0.9	4.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,210	375	835	7.9	5.0	10.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	125	145	1.8	1.7	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	10	65	0.5	0.1	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	135	90	45	0.9	1.2	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	125	55	1.1	1.7	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	115	30	0.9	1.5	0.4
25. Library science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,190	2,055	135	14.3	27.2	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	210	160	50	1.4	2.1	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	710	660	55	4.6	8.7	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	330	315	15	2.2	4.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	710	700	10	4.6	9.3	0.1
48. Precision production	200	195	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	135	120	1.6	1.8	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	10	45	0.4	0.1	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	120	75	1.3	1.6	1.0
Health and related fields	1,540	230	1,310	10.1	3.0	17.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	40	60	0.6	0.5	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,405	180	1,225	9.2	2.4	15.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	655	345	310	4.3	4.6	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	260	35	225	1.7	0.5	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	250	170	85	1.6	2.2	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	140	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	15,275	7,565	7,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,775	3,615	3,155	44.4	47.8	40.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,505	3,950	4,555	55.7	52.2	59.1
Location of study inside Canada	8,085	3,745	4,345	52.9	49.5	56.4
Same as province or territory of residence	7,575	3,500	4,075	49.6	46.3	52.9
Different than province or territory of residence	510	245	265	3.3	3.2	3.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	415	205	210	2.7	2.7	2.7
Americas	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
United States of America	65	35	35	0.4	0.5	0.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	270	125	150	1.8	1.7	1.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	85	20	65	0.6	0.3	0.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	150	80	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
Pakistan	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	23,600	11,630	11,965	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,585	7,715	6,865	...	...	...
Employed	13,255	7,095	6,165	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,325	625	705	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,015	3,915	5,100	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.8	66.3	57.4	61.8	66.3	57.4
Employment rate	56.2	61.0	51.5	56.2	61.0	51.5
Unemployment rate	9.1	8.1	10.3	9.1	8.1	10.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	23,600	11,630	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,245	4,045	5,195	39.2	34.8	43.4
Worked	14,360	7,585	6,770	60.8	65.2	56.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,050	4,505	3,540	34.1	38.7	29.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,305	3,080	3,230	26.7	26.5	27.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.3	41.0	41.7	42.3	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,580	7,715	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	310	165	140	2.1	2.1	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,270	7,550	6,725	97.9	97.9	97.9
Employee	13,235	6,885	6,345	90.8	89.2	92.4
Permanent position	11,395	6,035	5,365	78.2	78.2	78.1
Temporary position	1,835	850	985	12.6	11.0	14.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	575	280	300	3.9	3.6	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,250	570	680	8.6	7.4	9.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,040	665	380	7.1	8.6	5.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,580	7,715	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	310	165	140	2.1	2.1	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,270	7,550	6,725	97.9	97.9	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,770	440	1,330	12.1	5.7	19.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	855	685	170	5.9	8.9	2.5
3 Health occupations	1,275	200	1,070	8.7	2.6	15.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,035	580	1,455	14.0	7.5	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	55	105	1.1	0.7	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	3,835	1,675	2,160	26.3	21.7	31.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,855	2,585	275	19.6	33.5	4.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,090	1,025	65	7.5	13.3	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	345	290	55	2.4	3.8	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,580	7,715	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	310	165	140	2.1	2.1	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	14,270	7,550	6,725	97.9	97.9	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	160	125	35	1.1	1.6	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,960	1,745	220	13.4	22.6	3.2
22 Utilities	135	125	15	0.9	1.6	0.2
23 Construction	865	765	95	5.9	9.9	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	405	295	110	2.8	3.8	1.6
41 Wholesale trade	385	290	100	2.6	3.8	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,870	875	995	12.8	11.3	14.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	665	470	195	4.6	6.1	2.8
51 Information and cultural industries	130	85	45	0.9	1.1	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	300	90	210	2.1	1.2	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	185	110	70	1.3	1.4	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	615	335	275	4.2	4.3	4.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	550	340	210	3.8	4.4	3.1
61 Educational services	1,220	280	945	8.4	3.6	13.8
62 Health care and social assistance	2,270	390	1,885	15.6	5.1	27.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	65	65	0.9	0.8	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	825	360	470	5.7	4.7	6.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	625	360	270	4.3	4.7	3.9
91 Public administration	965	445	515	6.6	5.8	7.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,550	8,140	7,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,985	6,255	4,730	70.6	76.8	63.8
French	815	195	620	5.2	2.4	8.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,650	1,645	2,005	23.5	20.2	27.1
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,550	8,140	7,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,845	7,825	7,020	95.5	96.1	94.7
Official languages	14,815	7,805	7,010	95.3	95.9	94.6
English	13,710	7,500	6,205	88.2	92.1	83.7
French	1,110	305	805	7.1	3.7	10.9
Non-official languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	715	325	390	4.6	4.0	5.3
English and French	690	315	370	4.4	3.9	5.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,550	8,140	7,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,510	6,770	5,735	80.5	83.2	77.4
English	305	115	190	2.0	1.4	2.6
French	2,685	1,220	1,460	17.3	15.0	19.7
Non-official language	55	30	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	13,260	7,095	6,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,645	625	1,020	12.4	8.8	16.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,750	1,355	390	13.2	19.1	6.3
Usual place of work	9,860	5,110	4,755	74.4	72.0	77.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,865	5,105	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,105	4,605	4,495	92.3	90.2	94.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	200	140	60	2.0	2.7	1.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	520	330	190	5.3	6.5	4.0
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,610	6,465	5,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,850	5,625	4,220	84.8	87.0	82.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,745	5,170	3,575	75.3	80.0	69.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,105	455	655	9.5	7.0	12.7
Public transit	590	315	280	5.1	4.9	5.4
Walked	855	355	500	7.4	5.5	9.7
Bicycle	60	45	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Other method	260	130	125	2.2	2.0	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,610	6,465	5,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,680	3,015	3,665	57.5	46.6	71.2
15 to 29 minutes	3,045	2,035	1,010	26.2	31.5	19.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,105	820	290	9.5	12.7	5.6
45 to 59 minutes	195	130	65	1.7	2.0	1.3
60 minutes and over	580	465	115	5.0	7.2	2.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,610	6,465	5,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,180	935	250	10.2	14.5	4.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,265	1,415	850	19.5	21.9	16.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,745	1,530	1,215	23.6	23.7	23.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,500	900	1,595	21.5	13.9	31.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	990	430	565	8.5	6.7	11.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,930	1,255	670	16.6	19.4	13.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,600	2,845	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,350	1,695	1,655	59.8	59.6	60.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,245	1,155	1,090	40.1	40.6	39.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,190	2,150	2,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,555	1,300	1,250	61.0	60.5	61.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,895	940	960	45.2	43.7	46.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	660	365	295	15.8	17.0	14.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,635	845	790	39.0	39.3	38.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table