Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	SecheltMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,434	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,993^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.9	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,884	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,442	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	788.8	...	...	788.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.96	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,435	4,395	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,185	625	560	12.6	14.2	11.1
0 to 4 years	320	170	150	3.4	3.9	3.0
5 to 9 years	405	215	190	4.3	4.9	3.8
10 to 14 years	455	240	215	4.8	5.5	4.3
15 to 64 years	4,800	2,230	2,565	50.9	50.7	50.9
15 to 19 years	315	150	165	3.3	3.4	3.3
20 to 24 years	310	160	150	3.3	3.6	3.0
25 to 29 years	295	165	125	3.1	3.8	2.5
30 to 34 years	430	190	240	4.6	4.3	4.8
35 to 39 years	485	220	270	5.1	5.0	5.4
40 to 44 years	490	230	260	5.2	5.2	5.2
45 to 49 years	460	220	240	4.9	5.0	4.8
50 to 54 years	540	245	295	5.7	5.6	5.9
55 to 59 years	640	285	355	6.8	6.5	7.1
60 to 64 years	835	365	470	8.9	8.3	9.3
65 years and over	3,455	1,540	1,915	36.6	35.0	38.0
65 to 69 years	950	415	535	10.1	9.4	10.6
70 to 74 years	905	410	495	9.6	9.3	9.8
75 to 79 years	690	310	385	7.3	7.1	7.6
80 to 84 years	465	225	240	4.9	5.1	4.8
85 years and over	440	180	265	4.7	4.1	5.3
85 to 89 years	285	125	160	3.0	2.8	3.2
90 to 94 years	120	40	80	1.3	0.9	1.6
95 to 99 years	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.6	14.2	11.1	12.6	14.2	11.1
15 to 64 years	50.9	50.7	50.9	50.9	50.7	50.9
65 years and over	36.6	35.0	38.0	36.6	35.0	38.0
85 years and over	4.7	4.1	5.3	4.7	4.1	5.3
Average age of the population	51.3	49.8	52.6	51.3	49.8	52.6
Median age of the population	56.8	54.8	58.4	56.8	54.8	58.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,255	...	...	73.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...	1.2	...	...
Row house	220	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	145	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	450	...	...	10.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	3.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	175	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,565	...	...	35.2	...	...
2 persons	1,830	...	...	41.2	...	...
3 persons	475	...	...	10.7	...	...
4 persons	360	...	...	8.1	...	...
5 or more persons	210	...	...	4.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,275	4,325	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,250	3,770	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,955	2,450	2,505	60.1	65.0	55.9
Married	3,975	1,975	2,005	48.2	52.4	44.8
Living common-law	980	480	500	11.9	12.7	11.2
Living common law - Never married	625	310	310	7.6	8.2	6.9
Living common law - Separated	55	15	35	0.7	0.4	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	265	130	140	3.2	3.4	3.1
Living common law - Widowed	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	3,295	1,320	1,980	39.9	35.0	44.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,550	810	745	18.8	21.5	16.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	260	105	155	3.2	2.8	3.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	770	245	520	9.3	6.5	11.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	710	155	555	8.6	4.1	12.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,895	...	...	68.3	...	...
3 persons	425	...	...	15.3	...	...
4 persons	330	...	...	11.9	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...	4.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,400	...	...	86.5	...	...
Married couples	1,910	...	...	68.8	...	...
With children⁶	605	...	...	21.8	...	...
Without children	1,305	...	...	47.0	...	...
Common-law couples	495	...	...	17.8	...	...
With children⁶	160	...	...	5.8	...	...
Without children	335	...	...	12.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	375	...	...	13.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	290	...	...	10.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	85	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,275	4,325	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,060	3,485	3,585	76.1	80.6	72.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,795	2,385	2,410	51.7	55.1	48.7
Parents in one-parent families	375	80	295	4.0	1.8	6.0
Children⁶	1,890	1,010	880	20.4	23.4	17.8
In a two-parent family	1,355	740	615	14.6	17.1	12.4
In a one-parent family	535	270	260	5.8	6.2	5.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,210	840	1,370	23.8	19.4	27.7
Living alone	1,560	540	1,020	16.8	12.5	20.6
Living with other relatives⁷	215	80	135	2.3	1.8	2.7
Living with non-relatives only	430	215	215	4.6	5.0	4.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,445	...	...	55.1	...	...
Couple-family households	2,160	...	...	48.6	...	...
With children⁶	665	...	...	15.0	...	...
Without children	1,495	...	...	33.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	290	...	...	6.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	140	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	175	...	...	3.9	...	...
One-person households	1,565	...	...	35.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,105	3,705	4,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,985	3,645	4,335	98.5	98.4	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,400	35,200	38,800	44,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,990	3,650	4,340	98.6	98.5	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,400	32,400	35,600	40,400	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,165	3,300	3,865	88.4	89.1	87.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	36,000	25,000	29,600	36,000	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,660	2,240	2,420	57.5	60.5	54.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,600	27,200	31,400	37,600	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,960	3,065	3,890	85.9	82.7	88.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,400	14,800	14,200	14,400	14,800	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	520	210	310	6.4	5.7	7.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,000	5,240	5,160	5,000	5,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,685	720	960	20.8	19.4	21.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,150	3,685	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,010	3,620	4,390	98.3	98.2	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,360	59,550	40,960	49,360	59,550	40,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,030	3,635	4,395	98.5	98.6	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,320	50,080	35,880	42,320	50,080	35,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,265	3,310	3,960	89.1	89.8	88.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	53,150	31,960	41,600	53,150	31,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,690	2,265	2,425	57.5	61.5	54.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,080	55,450	33,520	44,080	55,450	33,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,980	3,000	3,985	85.6	81.4	89.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,300	13,260	13,340	13,300	13,260	13,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	205	290	6.1	5.6	6.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,480	6,450	6,500	6,480	6,450	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,620	660	955	19.9	17.9	21.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,920	8,740	9,060	8,920	8,740	9,060
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,145	3,680	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,785	995	795	21.9	27.0	17.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	72,500	53,200	62,000	72,500	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	87,400	59,500	75,000	87,400	59,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,080	905	1,175	25.5	24.6	26.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	21,400	15,800	18,000	21,400	15,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,360	35,600	22,800	28,360	35,600	22,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.6	81.6	70.4	76.6	81.6	70.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	52.3	58.2	45.3	52.3	58.2	45.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.5	18.4	29.6	23.5	18.4	29.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.1	0.8	0.6	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.5	6.5	4.9	3.5	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.7	4.8	3.7	2.7	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,105	3,700	4,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	125	55	65	1.5	1.5	1.5
With total income	7,985	3,645	4,340	98.5	98.5	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	525	220	305	6.6	6.0	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,015	380	640	12.7	10.4	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,445	580	865	18.1	15.9	19.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,130	475	660	14.2	13.0	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	985	415	570	12.3	11.4	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	695	310	390	8.7	8.5	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	530	270	260	6.6	7.4	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	430	230	200	5.4	6.3	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	295	170	125	3.7	4.7	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	230	145	85	2.9	4.0	2.0
$100,000 and over	700	465	235	8.8	12.8	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	475	315	165	5.9	8.6	3.8
$150,000 and over	220	150	70	2.8	4.1	1.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,105	3,700	4,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	115	50	60	1.4	1.4	1.4
With after-tax income	7,985	3,650	4,335	98.5	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	585	235	350	7.3	6.4	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,045	395	650	13.1	10.8	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,615	645	970	20.2	17.7	22.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,280	530	750	16.0	14.5	17.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,040	450	590	13.0	12.3	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	715	350	365	9.0	9.6	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	535	290	245	6.7	7.9	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	360	220	145	4.5	6.0	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	245	145	105	3.1	4.0	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	170	110	55	2.1	3.0	1.3
$100,000 and over	395	265	125	4.9	7.3	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	200	140	65	2.5	3.8	1.5
$125,000 and over	190	130	60	2.4	3.6	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,105	3,700	4,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,445	1,465	1,980	42.5	39.6	45.0
With employment income	4,655	2,235	2,415	57.4	60.4	54.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	895	395	505	19.2	17.7	20.9
$5,000 to $9,999	390	160	230	8.4	7.2	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	550	240	305	11.8	10.7	12.6
$20,000 to $29,999	425	180	250	9.1	8.1	10.4
$30,000 to $39,999	435	190	245	9.3	8.5	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	360	130	230	7.7	5.8	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	330	155	180	7.1	6.9	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	280	150	135	6.0	6.7	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	200	120	80	4.3	5.4	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	160	95	65	3.4	4.3	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	145	100	50	3.1	4.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	470	325	150	10.1	14.5	6.2
$100,000 to $124,999	225	145	85	4.8	6.5	3.5
$125,000 and over	240	180	60	5.2	8.1	2.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,105	3,705	4,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,820	3,570	4,245	96.5	96.4	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,600	32,800	37,200	43,600	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,840	3,580	4,260	96.7	96.6	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,600	33,600	38,800	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,110	3,280	3,835	87.7	88.5	87.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	37,200	25,800	31,000	37,200	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,090	2,430	2,665	62.8	65.6	60.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	34,000	24,200	28,000	34,000	24,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,005	2,530	3,475	74.1	68.3	78.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,800	13,800	12,100	12,800	13,800	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	415	175	245	5.1	4.7	5.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,920	5,640	6,160	5,920	5,640	6,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,150	3,685	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,855	3,585	4,270	96.4	97.3	95.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	55,300	38,920	46,400	55,300	38,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,880	3,585	4,295	96.7	97.3	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	46,800	33,960	39,800	46,800	33,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,160	3,275	3,880	87.9	88.9	86.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	51,500	32,920	41,400	51,500	32,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,100	2,465	2,635	62.6	66.9	59.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,880	48,760	31,560	39,880	48,760	31,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,040	2,505	3,535	74.1	68.0	79.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,270	11,790	10,910	11,270	11,790	10,910
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	150	245	4.9	4.1	5.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,760	6,400	7,000	6,760	6,400	7,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,145	3,680	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,755	960	795	21.5	26.1	17.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	72,500	54,000	61,600	72,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,600	77,200	56,000	67,600	77,200	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,000	855	1,145	24.6	23.2	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	24,000	19,200	21,600	24,000	19,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,520	43,700	25,950	33,520	43,700	25,950
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.4	85.2	76.8	81.4	85.2	76.8
Employment income (%)	55.8	60.6	50.0	55.8	60.6	50.0
Government transfers (%)	18.7	14.9	23.2	18.7	14.9	23.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	1.0	0.7	0.5	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,440	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,880	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,440	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,360	...	...	46,360	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,120	...	...	40,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,885	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,100	...	...	96,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	350	...	...	7.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	350	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	31.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	6.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	350	...	...	7.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	220	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	240	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	230	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	405	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	385	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	370	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,120	...	...	25.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	460	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	400	...	...	9.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,750	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	775	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,995	760	1,235	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	38,000	36,800	37,200	38,000	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	35,200	34,000	34,800	35,200	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,100	...	...	95,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,100	...	...	105,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,900	...	...	88,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,600	...	...	135,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	77,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,600	...	...	67,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,020	715	1,305	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,240	45,400	43,600	44,240	45,400	43,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,560	39,800	37,880	38,560	39,800	37,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,275	4,325	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,370	710	660	14.8	16.4	13.3
0 to 5 years	395	220	180	4.3	5.1	3.6
18 to 64 years	4,555	2,120	2,440	49.1	49.0	49.3
65 years and over	3,345	1,495	1,850	36.1	34.6	37.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,195	490	700	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	200	105	95	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	35	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	535	230	315	...	...	...
65 years and over	450	155	295	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	11.3	14.2	12.8	11.3	14.2
0 to 17 years (%)	14.7	14.8	14.4	14.7	14.8	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.2	17.0	9.0	13.2	17.0	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	10.7	12.8	11.8	10.7	12.8
65 years and over (%)	13.5	10.6	15.9	13.5	10.6	15.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,735	4,050	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,250	650	600	14.3	16.0	12.8
0 to 5 years	365	205	165	4.2	5.1	3.5
18 to 64 years	4,260	1,965	2,290	48.8	48.5	48.9
65 years and over	3,225	1,435	1,790	36.9	35.4	38.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	295	125	165	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	45	20	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	195	85	110	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	20	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.1	3.6	3.4	3.1	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	3.0	3.8	3.4	3.0	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	3.0	3.0	2.8	3.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.4	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.4	2.0	1.8	1.4	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,270	4,325	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,000	2,210	2,790	53.9	51.1	56.4
In bottom decile	1,050	455	590	11.3	10.5	11.9
In second decile	1,010	420	595	10.9	9.7	12.0
In third decile	990	450	540	10.7	10.4	10.9
In fourth decile	990	435	550	10.7	10.1	11.1
In fifth decile	960	450	510	10.4	10.4	10.3
In top half of the distribution	4,275	2,110	2,165	46.1	48.8	43.7
In sixth decile	975	475	505	10.5	11.0	10.2
In seventh decile	785	370	415	8.5	8.6	8.4
In eighth decile	850	435	415	9.2	10.1	8.4
In ninth decile	850	425	420	9.2	9.8	8.5
In top decile	810	410	400	8.7	9.5	8.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,275	...	...	9,275	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.329	...	...	0.329	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.464	...	...	0.464	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,285	4,330	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,665	4,060	4,610	93.3	93.8	93.0
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	570	245	320	6.1	5.7	6.5
Neither English nor French	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,285	4,330	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,100	4,245	4,860	98.0	98.0	98.1
French	130	60	65	1.4	1.4	1.3
English and French	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,285	4,330	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,075	4,235	4,840	97.7	97.8	97.7
Official languages	8,055	3,800	4,260	86.8	87.8	86.0
English	7,930	3,740	4,185	85.4	86.4	84.5
French	130	60	70	1.4	1.4	1.4
Non-official languages	1,020	440	585	11.0	10.2	11.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,015	435	580	10.9	10.0	11.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	115	40	70	1.2	0.9	1.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	30	50	0.9	0.7	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	595	265	330	6.4	6.1	6.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	55	60	1.2	1.3	1.2
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	55	60	1.2	1.3	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	310	135	175	3.3	3.1	3.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	190	80	110	2.0	1.8	2.2
German	180	75	105	1.9	1.7	2.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dutch	50	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Danish	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swedish	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	70	25	40	0.8	0.6	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.4
Korean	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	75	1.3	1.3	1.5
Chinese languages	125	55	75	1.3	1.3	1.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	30	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.4
Estonian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	205	90	115	2.2	2.1	2.3
English and French	45	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	140	60	80	1.5	1.4	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,285	4,330	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,310	3,880	4,430	89.5	89.6	89.4
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	175	85	85	1.9	2.0	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	85	85	1.9	2.0	1.7
English and French	105	50	55	1.1	1.2	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	640	285	350	6.9	6.6	7.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,285	4,330	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,145	4,270	4,870	98.5	98.6	98.3
Official languages	8,795	4,100	4,690	94.7	94.7	94.7
English	8,765	4,085	4,680	94.4	94.3	94.5
French	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-official languages	355	175	180	3.8	4.0	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	355	175	180	3.8	4.0	3.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	30	25	0.5	0.7	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	55	60	1.3	1.3	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
Chinese languages	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	55	80	1.5	1.3	1.6
English and French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	120	50	70	1.3	1.2	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,285	4,330	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,605	4,015	4,590	92.7	92.7	92.6
English	165	85	85	1.8	2.0	1.7
French	85	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
Non-official language	355	160	190	3.8	3.7	3.8
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous	340	155	190	3.7	3.6	3.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,365	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,340	4,340	5,000	99.7	99.8	99.7
English	9,340	4,340	5,000	99.7	99.8	99.7
French	560	235	325	6.0	5.4	6.5
Non-official languages	1,690	775	910	18.0	17.8	18.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	50	25	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	50	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,635	755	885	17.5	17.4	17.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	35	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	255	100	155	2.7	2.3	3.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	240	95	145	2.6	2.2	2.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,065	525	535	11.4	12.1	10.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	165	85	80	1.8	2.0	1.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	85	80	1.7	2.0	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	55	35	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	425	205	220	4.5	4.7	4.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	265	140	125	2.8	3.2	2.5
German	255	130	125	2.7	3.0	2.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100	45	55	1.1	1.0	1.1
Afrikaans	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Dutch	60	25	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	85	20	60	0.9	0.5	1.2
Danish	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Swedish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	125	125	2.7	2.9	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	205	95	105	2.2	2.2	2.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	130	50	85	1.4	1.1	1.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	185	80	105	2.0	1.8	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	30	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	30	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	140	120	2.8	3.2	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	55	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Portuguese	25	10	0	0.3	0.2	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Spanish	195	105	90	2.1	2.4	1.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.5
Korean	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	45	75	1.3	1.0	1.5
Chinese languages	120	45	75	1.3	1.0	1.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	100	35	65	1.1	0.8	1.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,360	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	825	380	450	8.8	8.7	9.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	805	365	440	8.6	8.4	8.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	595	315	280	6.4	7.2	5.6
Métis	205	55	155	2.2	1.3	3.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	8,535	3,970	4,560	91.2	91.3	90.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,360	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	465	235	235	5.0	5.4	4.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,895	4,115	4,785	95.0	94.6	95.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,500	...	...	78.9	...	...
Renter	885	...	...	20.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	805	...	...	18.2	...	...
Not condominium	3,635	...	...	82.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	445	...	...	10.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,260	...	...	28.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,770	...	...	39.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	930	...	...	21.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,155	...	...	26.0	...	...
5 rooms	850	...	...	19.2	...	...
6 rooms	800	...	...	18.0	...	...
7 rooms	530	...	...	12.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,105	...	...	24.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,380	...	...	98.8	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,310	...	...	97.2	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	290	...	...	6.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	990	...	...	22.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	695	...	...	15.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	915	...	...	20.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	360	...	...	8.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	515	...	...	11.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	325	...	...	7.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	340	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,270	...	...	96.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,275	...	...	51.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,995	...	...	45.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	170	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	235	...	...	5.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	490	...	...	11.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	540	...	...	12.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	860	...	...	19.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,175	...	...	26.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	760	...	...	17.1	...	...
85 years and over	310	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,270	...	...	77.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	945	...	...	22.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	845	...	...	20.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,165	...	...	26.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	870	...	...	19.6	...	...
Not suitable only	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,270	...	...	73.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	380	...	...	9.2	...	...
Not in core need	3,745	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,360	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.4	...	...	46.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.6	...	...	18.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	753,000	...	...	753,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	860	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.5	...	...	14.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.6	...	...	36.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	460	...	...	460	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	500	...	...	500	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,360	4,350	5,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	320	165	150	3.4	3.8	3.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	320	165	150	3.4	3.8	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	305	165	145	3.3	3.8	2.9
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	625	270	360	6.7	6.2	7.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	590	260	330	6.3	6.0	6.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	425	205	220	4.5	4.7	4.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	160	55	110	1.7	1.3	2.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,415	3,910	4,500	89.9	89.9	89.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,365	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,790	4,120	4,675	93.9	94.7	93.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,385	715	670	14.8	16.4	13.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,405	3,405	4,000	79.1	78.3	79.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	570	230	340	6.1	5.3	6.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,365	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,180	3,340	3,835	76.7	76.8	76.5
Immigrants⁸¹	2,030	950	1,075	21.7	21.8	21.4
Before 1980	970	455	505	10.4	10.5	10.1
1980 to 1990	220	95	125	2.3	2.2	2.5
1991 to 2000	195	95	100	2.1	2.2	2.0
2001 to 2010	280	125	160	3.0	2.9	3.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	360	175	185	3.8	4.0	3.7
2011 to 2015	165	85	80	1.8	2.0	1.6
2016 to 2021	195	90	105	2.1	2.1	2.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	55	95	1.7	1.3	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,030	955	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	115	65	8.6	12.0	6.0
5 to 14 years	325	190	130	16.0	19.9	12.1
15 to 24 years	450	205	250	22.2	21.5	23.3
25 to 44 years	915	380	535	45.1	39.8	49.8
45 years and over	160	60	95	7.9	6.3	8.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,030	955	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	250	130	120	12.3	13.6	11.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	185	90	95	9.1	9.4	8.8
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	1.5	1.6	1.4
Europe	1,010	475	535	49.8	49.7	49.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	10	1.0	1.0	0.9
France	25	20	10	1.2	2.1	0.9
Germany	135	80	55	6.7	8.4	5.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	0	10	1.0	0.0	0.9
Italy	25	15	15	1.2	1.6	1.4
Netherlands	45	35	15	2.2	3.7	1.4
Poland	25	20	10	1.2	2.1	0.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	505	215	295	24.9	22.5	27.4
Other places of birth in Europe	190	75	110	9.4	7.9	10.2
Africa	80	40	35	3.9	4.2	3.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	40	20	20	2.0	2.1	1.9
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	1.0	1.6	0.9
Asia	625	270	360	30.8	28.3	33.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	15	15	1.2	1.6	1.4
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	2.5	2.1	2.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	10	1.0	0.0	0.9
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	1.2	1.0	1.4
Taiwan	40	15	25	2.0	1.6	2.3
Philippines	250	110	145	12.3	11.5	13.5
Viet Nam	55	25	30	2.7	2.6	2.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	45	35	3.9	4.7	3.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	10	50	3.0	1.0	4.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65	40	30	3.2	4.2	2.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	195	95	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	10.3	0.0	15.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	7.7	0.0	15.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	10.3	10.5	10.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	5.1	10.5	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	10	0	7.7	10.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	135	60	70	69.2	63.2	70.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	25	30	28.2	26.3	30.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	15	10	10.3	15.8	10.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	20	12.8	0.0	20.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	5.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	5.1	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,360	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,285	1,045	1,240	24.4	24.0	24.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,875	825	1,050	20.0	19.0	20.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,205	2,480	2,720	55.6	57.0	54.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,065	495	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	625	280	340	58.7	56.6	59.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	325	145	180	30.5	29.3	31.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	300	140	160	28.2	28.3	28.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	330	150	180	31.0	30.3	31.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	110	60	55	10.3	12.1	9.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,065	495	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	230	80	150	21.6	16.2	26.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	10	10	2.8	2.0	1.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	10	35	4.2	2.0	6.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	745	380	365	70.0	76.8	64.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,360	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,135	520	615	12.1	12.0	12.3
South Asian	250	115	135	2.7	2.6	2.7
Chinese	150	65	95	1.6	1.5	1.9
Black	55	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Filipino	330	130	200	3.5	3.0	4.0
Arab	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Latin American	40	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Southeast Asian	85	40	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
West Asian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Korean	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Japanese	50	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	30	15	0.4	0.7	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,225	3,830	4,395	87.9	88.0	87.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,365	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	895	440	455	9.6	10.1	9.1
English	3,095	1,515	1,580	33.0	34.8	31.5
Irish	1,695	750	950	18.1	17.2	18.9
Scottish	2,240	1,030	1,210	23.9	23.7	24.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	850	345	505	9.1	7.9	10.1
German	1,135	485	645	12.1	11.1	12.9
Chinese	145	55	90	1.5	1.3	1.8
Italian	300	150	150	3.2	3.4	3.0
Indian (India)	125	50	70	1.3	1.1	1.4
Ukrainian	355	150	205	3.8	3.4	4.1
Dutch	485	255	230	5.2	5.9	4.6
Polish	315	155	160	3.4	3.6	3.2
Québécois	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	555	260	295	5.9	6.0	5.9
Filipino	280	125	155	3.0	2.9	3.1
French Canadian	80	25	55	0.9	0.6	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	125	75	50	1.3	1.7	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	455	225	235	4.9	5.2	4.7
Métis	215	65	150	2.3	1.5	3.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	265	160	110	2.8	3.7	2.2
Russian	245	105	145	2.6	2.4	2.9
Norwegian	405	175	230	4.3	4.0	4.6
Welsh	380	145	230	4.1	3.3	4.6
Portuguese	65	40	25	0.7	0.9	0.5
American	160	70	90	1.7	1.6	1.8
Spanish	140	45	90	1.5	1.0	1.8
Swedish	310	130	185	3.3	3.0	3.7
Hungarian	95	50	45	1.0	1.1	0.9
Acadian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Jewish	115	45	70	1.2	1.0	1.4
Punjabi	90	40	55	1.0	0.9	1.1
Vietnamese	85	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Greek	55	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jamaican	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Korean	40	20	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Romanian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Lebanese	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Iranian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Danish	170	70	100	1.8	1.6	2.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	160	75	80	1.7	1.7	1.6
Belgian	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Mexican	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Mennonite	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Swiss	75	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Finnish	170	75	95	1.8	1.7	1.9
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	20	35	0.5	0.5	0.7
Japanese	65	30	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	70	35	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	85	35	50	0.9	0.8	1.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	80	30	45	0.9	0.7	0.9
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	75	35	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
South African	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Australian	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Albertan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	50	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	30	30	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,360	4,350	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	145	70	75	1.5	1.6	1.5
Christian	3,515	1,495	2,015	37.6	34.4	40.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	760	365	395	8.1	8.4	7.9
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anglican	465	150	315	5.0	3.4	6.3
Baptist	145	45	95	1.5	1.0	1.9
Catholic	1,075	490	590	11.5	11.3	11.8
Christian Orthodox	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	130	60	70	1.4	1.4	1.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	160	85	70	1.7	2.0	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	75	50	30	0.8	1.1	0.6
Reformed	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
United Church	425	155	270	4.5	3.6	5.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	170	60	100	1.8	1.4	2.0
Hindu	40	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Jewish	95	40	50	1.0	0.9	1.0
Muslim	45	35	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Sikh	150	50	95	1.6	1.1	1.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	50	75	1.3	1.1	1.5
No religion and secular perspectives	5,210	2,560	2,655	55.7	58.9	52.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,305	4,320	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,950	3,715	4,230	85.4	86.0	84.8
Movers	1,360	605	760	14.6	14.0	15.2
Non-migrants	705	305	405	7.6	7.1	8.1
Migrants	655	295	355	7.0	6.8	7.1
Internal migrants	625	275	350	6.7	6.4	7.0
Intraprovincial migrants	570	250	320	6.1	5.8	6.4
Interprovincial migrants	50	25	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
External migrants	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,005	4,155	4,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,860	2,270	2,585	54.0	54.6	53.3
Movers	4,145	1,875	2,265	46.0	45.1	46.7
Non-migrants	1,245	545	700	13.8	13.1	14.4
Migrants	2,900	1,335	1,565	32.2	32.1	32.3
Internal migrants	2,560	1,190	1,375	28.4	28.6	28.4
Intraprovincial migrants	2,210	1,035	1,175	24.5	24.9	24.2
Interprovincial migrants	350	150	200	3.9	3.6	4.1
External migrants	340	150	190	3.8	3.6	3.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,145	3,680	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,215	605	605	14.9	16.4	13.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,930	3,075	3,855	85.1	83.6	86.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,095	1,860	2,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	420	240	175	10.3	12.9	7.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,680	1,620	2,060	89.9	87.1	92.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,150	3,685	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,035	485	545	12.7	13.2	12.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,455	1,035	1,425	30.1	28.1	31.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,655	2,160	2,490	57.1	58.6	55.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,810	1,355	1,465	34.5	36.8	32.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	745	585	170	9.1	15.9	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	290	195	100	3.6	5.3	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	460	390	70	5.6	10.6	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,670	650	1,025	20.5	17.6	23.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	390	120	270	4.8	3.3	6.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,845	810	1,035	22.6	22.0	23.2
Bachelor's degree	1,120	475	645	13.7	12.9	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	95	120	2.6	2.6	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Master's degree	400	170	220	4.9	4.6	4.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	40	20	0.8	1.1	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,095	1,860	2,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	350	200	155	8.5	10.8	6.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,150	490	655	28.1	26.3	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,595	1,170	1,425	63.4	62.9	63.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,525	740	790	37.2	39.8	35.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	395	305	95	9.6	16.4	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	120	50	4.3	6.5	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	225	185	40	5.5	9.9	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	930	375	555	22.7	20.2	24.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	60	140	4.9	3.2	6.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,065	435	635	26.0	23.4	28.3
Bachelor's degree	670	255	410	16.4	13.7	18.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	55	75	3.2	3.0	3.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	0.7	0.8	0.9
Master's degree	225	100	125	5.5	5.4	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,150	3,685	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,490	1,515	1,975	42.8	41.1	44.2
Education	395	75	320	4.8	2.0	7.2
13. Education	395	75	320	4.8	2.0	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	235	90	145	2.9	2.4	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	0.4	0.8	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	195	65	135	2.4	1.8	3.0
Humanities	275	110	165	3.4	3.0	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	90	25	65	1.1	0.7	1.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	30	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	500	145	360	6.1	3.9	8.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	50	0.9	0.5	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	85	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	105	45	50	1.3	1.2	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	130	20	110	1.6	0.5	2.5
45. Social sciences	105	55	50	1.3	1.5	1.1
Business, management and public administration	890	320	570	10.9	8.7	12.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	10	45	0.7	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830	310	525	10.2	8.4	11.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	205	105	100	2.5	2.8	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	60	50	1.4	1.6	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	70	60	1.7	1.9	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	35	40	1.0	0.9	0.9
25. Library science	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	920	855	60	11.3	23.2	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	135	120	15	1.7	3.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	190	170	15	2.3	4.6	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	300	295	0	3.7	8.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	170	0	2.1	4.6	0.0
48. Precision production	90	90	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	65	35	1.2	1.8	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	60	30	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	40	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Health and related fields	740	185	560	9.1	5.0	12.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	45	30	1.0	1.2	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	645	125	520	7.9	3.4	11.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	140	125	3.2	3.8	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	175	55	120	2.1	1.5	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,095	1,855	2,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,500	690	810	36.6	37.2	36.2
Education	195	35	160	4.8	1.9	7.2
13. Education	195	35	160	4.8	1.9	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	60	75	3.3	3.2	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	50	70	2.9	2.7	3.1
Humanities	135	35	100	3.3	1.9	4.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	0.9	0.0	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	0	45	1.1	0.0	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	80	195	6.6	4.3	8.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	25	1.0	0.8	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	1.1	0.0	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	25	1.0	0.8	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	10	50	1.5	0.5	2.2
45. Social sciences	80	45	35	2.0	2.4	1.6
Business, management and public administration	530	205	320	12.9	11.1	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	500	200	300	12.2	10.8	13.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	45	70	2.8	2.4	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	35	1.5	1.3	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	0.7	0.8	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	50	35	2.1	2.7	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	1.2	1.9	0.7
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	470	435	40	11.5	23.5	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.4
14. Engineering	50	45	10	1.2	2.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	90	80	10	2.2	4.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	4.3	9.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	95	90	0	2.3	4.9	0.0
48. Precision production	45	35	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	40	35	1.8	2.2	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	20	25	1.1	1.1	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	10	0.7	1.3	0.4
Health and related fields	435	110	325	10.6	5.9	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	35	15	1.3	1.9	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	375	70	300	9.2	3.8	13.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	85	70	3.8	4.6	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	85	20	65	2.1	1.1	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	40	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,095	1,855	2,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,500	690	810	36.6	37.2	36.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,595	1,175	1,425	63.4	63.3	63.8
Location of study inside Canada	2,090	945	1,145	51.0	50.9	51.2
Same as province or territory of residence	1,605	695	915	39.2	37.5	40.9
Different than province or territory of residence	480	250	235	11.7	13.5	10.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	510	230	280	12.5	12.4	12.5
Americas	85	30	55	2.1	1.6	2.5
United States of America	75	25	50	1.8	1.3	2.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	55	55	2.7	3.0	2.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85	50	35	2.1	2.7	1.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Africa	30	20	10	0.7	1.1	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	255	105	155	6.2	5.7	6.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Philippines	140	55	80	3.4	3.0	3.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	15	35	1.1	0.8	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	30	20	10	0.7	1.1	0.4
Australia	20	15	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
New Zealand	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,150	3,685	4,465	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,135	1,990	2,140	...	...	...
Employed	3,915	1,875	2,040	...	...	...
Unemployed	220	115	95	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,015	1,690	2,325	...	...	...
Participation rate	50.7	54.0	47.9	50.7	54.0	47.9
Employment rate	48.0	50.9	45.7	48.0	50.9	45.7
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.8	4.4	5.3	5.8	4.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,150	3,685	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,010	1,670	2,340	49.2	45.3	52.4
Worked	4,135	2,010	2,120	50.7	54.5	47.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,885	1,055	835	23.1	28.6	18.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,250	960	1,290	27.6	26.1	28.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.5	39.5	40.5	41.5	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,135	1,995	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	30	35	1.6	1.5	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,070	1,965	2,110	98.4	98.5	98.4
Employee	3,040	1,450	1,590	73.5	72.7	74.1
Permanent position	2,610	1,260	1,345	63.1	63.2	62.7
Temporary position	435	190	240	10.5	9.5	11.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	100	60	40	2.4	3.0	1.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	335	135	200	8.1	6.8	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,030	510	515	24.9	25.6	24.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,135	1,995	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	30	35	1.6	1.5	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,070	1,965	2,110	98.4	98.5	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	15	30	1.2	0.8	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	580	140	435	14.0	7.0	20.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	235	200	35	5.7	10.0	1.6
3 Health occupations	335	85	255	8.1	4.3	11.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	460	120	345	11.1	6.0	16.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	200	90	115	4.8	4.5	5.4
6 Sales and service occupations	1,245	460	790	30.1	23.1	36.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	715	660	50	17.3	33.1	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	170	145	25	4.1	7.3	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85	65	25	2.1	3.3	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,135	1,995	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	30	35	1.6	1.5	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	4,070	1,965	2,110	98.4	98.5	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	65	40	2.5	3.3	1.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	45	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
22 Utilities	30	15	15	0.7	0.8	0.7
23 Construction	365	315	50	8.8	15.8	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	185	170	15	4.5	8.5	0.7
41 Wholesale trade	65	40	25	1.6	2.0	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	530	215	320	12.8	10.8	14.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	175	140	30	4.2	7.0	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	40	20	20	1.0	1.0	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	105	35	70	2.5	1.8	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	155	85	75	3.7	4.3	3.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	315	145	165	7.6	7.3	7.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	225	135	95	5.4	6.8	4.4
61 Educational services	245	70	180	5.9	3.5	8.4
62 Health care and social assistance	530	110	415	12.8	5.5	19.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	85	60	3.4	4.3	2.8
72 Accommodation and food services	410	120	285	9.9	6.0	13.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	70	125	4.6	3.5	5.8
91 Public administration	200	90	105	4.8	4.5	4.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,490	2,155	2,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,415	2,125	2,290	98.3	98.6	98.1
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,490	2,155	2,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,480	2,155	2,325	99.8	100.0	99.6
Official languages	4,445	2,135	2,315	99.0	99.1	99.1
English	4,445	2,135	2,310	99.0	99.1	98.9
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,490	2,155	2,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,455	2,145	2,315	99.2	99.5	99.1
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	15	10	10	0.3	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,915	1,875	2,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	725	295	430	18.5	15.7	21.0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	705	510	195	18.0	27.2	9.5
Usual place of work	2,475	1,075	1,405	63.2	57.3	68.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,475	1,070	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,565	675	890	63.2	63.1	63.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	740	300	435	29.9	28.0	31.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	155	80	75	6.3	7.5	5.3
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	0	0.8	0.9	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,180	1,580	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,720	1,410	1,310	85.5	89.2	81.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,480	1,330	1,145	78.0	84.2	71.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	245	80	160	7.7	5.1	10.0
Public transit	70	45	25	2.2	2.8	1.6
Walked	270	80	190	8.5	5.1	11.8
Bicycle	40	15	25	1.3	0.9	1.6
Other method	80	30	45	2.5	1.9	2.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,180	1,580	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,895	800	1,090	59.6	50.6	67.9
15 to 29 minutes	650	325	325	20.4	20.6	20.2
30 to 44 minutes	360	225	135	11.3	14.2	8.4
45 to 59 minutes	140	130	10	4.4	8.2	0.6
60 minutes and over	135	100	35	4.2	6.3	2.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,180	1,580	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	255	170	85	8.0	10.8	5.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	400	220	175	12.6	13.9	10.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	710	400	310	22.3	25.3	19.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	865	380	485	27.2	24.1	30.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	575	215	355	18.1	13.6	22.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	380	190	190	11.9	12.0	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,385	720	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	60	55	7.9	8.3	8.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,275	660	615	92.1	91.7	92.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,040	540	505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	40	45	8.2	7.4	8.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	25	25	5.3	4.6	5.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	20	2.9	2.8	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	950	495	460	91.3	91.7	91.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table