Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	KingMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,396	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	6,970	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	20.5	...	...	20.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,730	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,662	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	591.1	...	...	591.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.20	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,395	4,190	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,590	845	740	18.9	20.2	17.6
0 to 4 years	390	210	180	4.6	5.0	4.3
5 to 9 years	555	285	270	6.6	6.8	6.4
10 to 14 years	640	350	285	7.6	8.4	6.8
15 to 64 years	5,555	2,750	2,800	66.2	65.6	66.5
15 to 19 years	630	330	305	7.5	7.9	7.2
20 to 24 years	575	300	280	6.8	7.2	6.7
25 to 29 years	415	220	195	4.9	5.3	4.6
30 to 34 years	335	160	170	4.0	3.8	4.0
35 to 39 years	470	215	260	5.6	5.1	6.2
40 to 44 years	590	270	320	7.0	6.4	7.6
45 to 49 years	650	310	345	7.7	7.4	8.2
50 to 54 years	740	375	365	8.8	8.9	8.7
55 to 59 years	635	330	310	7.6	7.9	7.4
60 to 64 years	515	250	270	6.1	6.0	6.4
65 years and over	1,250	590	665	14.9	14.1	15.8
65 to 69 years	375	180	195	4.5	4.3	4.6
70 to 74 years	310	145	170	3.7	3.5	4.0
75 to 79 years	250	125	130	3.0	3.0	3.1
80 to 84 years	170	80	90	2.0	1.9	2.1
85 years and over	145	65	80	1.7	1.6	1.9
85 to 89 years	100	45	55	1.2	1.1	1.3
90 to 94 years	30	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.5
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.9	20.2	17.6	18.9	20.2	17.6
15 to 64 years	66.2	65.6	66.5	66.2	65.6	66.5
65 years and over	14.9	14.1	15.8	14.9	14.1	15.8
85 years and over	1.7	1.6	1.9	1.7	1.6	1.9
Average age of the population	39.9	39.0	40.8	39.9	39.0	40.8
Median age of the population	41.6	40.4	42.4	41.6	40.4	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,165	...	...	81.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Row house	265	...	...	10.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	1.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	60	...	...	2.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	130	...	...	4.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	335	...	...	12.6	...	...
2 persons	705	...	...	26.5	...	...
3 persons	490	...	...	18.4	...	...
4 persons	690	...	...	25.9	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	16.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,395	4,190	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,805	3,340	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,370	2,175	2,195	64.2	65.1	63.3
Married	4,060	2,020	2,040	59.7	60.5	58.9
Living common-law	315	155	155	4.6	4.6	4.5
Living common law - Never married	175	90	85	2.6	2.7	2.5
Living common law - Separated	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Living common law - Divorced	115	55	60	1.7	1.6	1.7
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not married and not living common-law	2,440	1,165	1,270	35.9	34.9	36.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,825	985	840	26.8	29.5	24.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	135	65	75	2.0	1.9	2.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	200	65	135	2.9	1.9	3.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	275	55	225	4.0	1.6	6.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	820	...	...	34.5	...	...
3 persons	515	...	...	21.6	...	...
4 persons	730	...	...	30.7	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...	13.4	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,145	...	...	90.1	...	...
Married couples	1,990	...	...	83.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,370	...	...	57.6	...	...
Without children	615	...	...	25.8	...	...
Common-law couples	155	...	...	6.5	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	2.9	...	...
Without children	85	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	230	...	...	9.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	180	...	...	7.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	50	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,395	4,190	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,760	3,930	3,830	92.4	93.8	91.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,295	2,145	2,150	51.2	51.2	51.1
Parents in one-parent families	235	55	180	2.8	1.3	4.3
Children⁶	3,235	1,735	1,500	38.5	41.4	35.7
In a two-parent family	2,825	1,520	1,305	33.7	36.3	31.0
In a one-parent family	405	215	190	4.8	5.1	4.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	630	260	375	7.5	6.2	8.9
Living alone	335	140	200	4.0	3.3	4.8
Living with other relatives⁷	185	55	130	2.2	1.3	3.1
Living with non-relatives only	115	65	50	1.4	1.6	1.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,030	...	...	76.2	...	...
Couple-family households	1,860	...	...	69.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,265	...	...	47.5	...	...
Without children	590	...	...	22.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	180	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	135	...	...	5.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
One-person households	335	...	...	12.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,805	3,345	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,520	3,195	3,325	95.8	95.5	96.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	61,600	42,800	50,400	61,600	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,525	3,200	3,325	95.9	95.7	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	52,400	38,400	44,000	52,400	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,030	2,985	3,045	88.6	89.2	88.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	60,800	37,600	47,600	60,800	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,850	2,485	2,365	71.3	74.3	68.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	61,600	40,000	49,200	61,600	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,745	2,795	2,950	84.4	83.6	85.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	5,040	8,300	6,500	5,040	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365	130	240	5.4	3.9	6.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,480	6,000	5,840	5,480	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,145	1,050	1,095	31.5	31.4	31.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	10,000	8,500	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,795	3,330	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,560	3,195	3,365	96.5	95.9	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	81,100	100,700	62,600	81,100	100,700	62,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,570	3,195	3,370	96.7	95.9	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,750	71,400	50,640	60,750	71,400	50,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,035	2,985	3,045	88.8	89.6	87.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	79,100	99,900	58,750	79,100	99,900	58,750
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,925	2,505	2,420	72.5	75.2	69.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	77,500	97,100	57,350	77,500	97,100	57,350
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,790	2,805	2,980	85.2	84.2	86.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,480	8,250	10,640	9,480	8,250	10,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	100	270	5.4	3.0	7.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,280	6,200	7,650	7,280	6,200	7,650
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,260	1,105	1,155	33.3	33.2	33.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,910	9,320	10,480	9,910	9,320	10,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,795	3,330	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,510	1,430	1,085	36.9	42.9	31.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	92,000	104,000	83,000	92,000	104,000	83,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	121,000	145,000	89,200	121,000	145,000	89,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,735	760	970	25.5	22.8	28.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	18,400	16,800	17,600	18,400	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,160	34,200	35,900	35,160	34,200	35,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.6	92.8	85.0	89.6	92.8	85.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.8	75.6	66.0	71.8	75.6	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.3	7.2	15.0	10.3	7.2	15.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.2	1.0	0.5	0.2	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.4	6.4	4.6	3.4	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.2	5.8	4.2	3.2	5.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,800	3,340	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	280	145	135	4.1	4.3	3.9
With total income	6,525	3,195	3,325	96.0	95.7	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	590	270	320	9.0	8.5	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	695	325	375	10.7	10.2	11.3
$20,000 to $29,999	880	350	535	13.5	11.0	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	610	270	345	9.3	8.5	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	465	190	275	7.1	5.9	8.3
$50,000 to $59,999	405	155	245	6.2	4.9	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	350	155	190	5.4	4.9	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	320	165	160	4.9	5.2	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	285	145	145	4.4	4.5	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	270	140	135	4.1	4.4	4.1
$100,000 and over	1,645	1,040	605	25.2	32.6	18.2
$100,000 to $149,999	850	480	370	13.0	15.0	11.1
$150,000 and over	795	560	235	12.2	17.5	7.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,800	3,340	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	280	145	140	4.1	4.3	4.0
With after-tax income	6,520	3,195	3,330	95.9	95.7	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635	285	350	9.7	8.9	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	740	340	395	11.3	10.6	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	985	405	580	15.1	12.7	17.4
$30,000 to $39,999	690	285	405	10.6	8.9	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	540	225	310	8.3	7.0	9.3
$50,000 to $59,999	480	210	275	7.4	6.6	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	415	210	205	6.4	6.6	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	375	210	170	5.8	6.6	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	350	170	180	5.4	5.3	5.4
$90,000 to $99,999	280	160	120	4.3	5.0	3.6
$100,000 and over	1,040	695	340	16.0	21.8	10.2
$100,000 to $124,999	410	240	165	6.3	7.5	5.0
$125,000 and over	630	455	175	9.7	14.2	5.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,800	3,340	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,955	855	1,095	28.8	25.6	31.6
With employment income	4,850	2,490	2,365	71.3	74.6	68.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	675	315	360	13.9	12.7	15.2
$5,000 to $9,999	370	170	200	7.6	6.8	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	480	215	265	9.9	8.6	11.2
$20,000 to $29,999	365	165	200	7.5	6.6	8.5
$30,000 to $39,999	285	125	160	5.9	5.0	6.8
$40,000 to $49,999	265	105	160	5.5	4.2	6.8
$50,000 to $59,999	270	110	165	5.6	4.4	7.0
$60,000 to $69,999	250	120	125	5.2	4.8	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	205	105	105	4.2	4.2	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	190	95	90	3.9	3.8	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	200	100	105	4.1	4.0	4.4
$100,000 and over	1,285	850	440	26.5	34.1	18.6
$100,000 to $124,999	440	260	180	9.1	10.4	7.6
$125,000 and over	845	590	255	17.4	23.7	10.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,805	3,345	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,340	3,095	3,240	93.2	92.5	93.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	63,600	40,400	49,600	63,600	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,345	3,095	3,250	93.2	92.5	93.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	53,600	36,800	42,800	53,600	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,980	2,945	3,040	87.9	88.0	87.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	63,600	38,400	48,000	63,600	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,955	2,525	2,430	72.8	75.5	70.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	62,400	39,600	47,600	62,400	39,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,215	2,570	2,645	76.6	76.8	76.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,010	608	2,220	1,010	608	2,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	275	80	185	4.0	2.4	5.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450	6,450	6,600	6,450	6,450	6,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,795	3,330	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,350	3,105	3,250	93.5	93.2	93.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,400	102,000	59,700	80,400	102,000	59,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,365	3,105	3,260	93.7	93.2	94.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,450	71,600	47,880	59,450	71,600	47,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,995	2,945	3,045	88.2	88.4	87.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,300	103,500	57,850	80,300	103,500	57,850
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,020	2,530	2,490	73.9	76.0	71.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	79,200	101,400	56,700	79,200	101,400	56,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,240	2,585	2,655	77.1	77.6	76.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,620	4,520	6,690	5,620	4,520	6,690
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	100	245	5.1	3.0	7.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,080	7,500	8,300	8,080	7,500	8,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,795	3,330	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,510	1,435	1,080	36.9	43.1	31.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	89,000	101,000	70,000	89,000	101,000	70,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	120,300	148,600	82,800	120,300	148,600	82,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,725	755	965	25.4	22.7	27.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	24,000	27,000	24,800	24,000	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,600	43,900	43,400	43,600	43,900	43,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.2	96.4	90.8	94.2	96.4	90.8
Employment income (%)	78.0	81.0	72.8	78.0	81.0	72.8
Government transfers (%)	5.8	3.7	9.1	5.8	3.7	9.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.2	1.0	0.6	0.2	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	48,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,325	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	198,400	...	...	198,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	148,600	...	...	148,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	49,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,325	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	219,600	...	...	219,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	1.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	1.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	1.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...	3.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...	3.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	95	...	...	3.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	3.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...	3.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,860	...	...	69.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	420	...	...	15.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	950	...	...	35.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	1.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	1.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	1.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	4.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	4.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	120	...	...	4.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	4.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,685	...	...	63.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	325	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	275	...	...	10.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,085	...	...	40.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,440	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	450	200	245	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	52,000	38,400	43,600	52,000	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	44,800	34,800	38,400	44,800	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	219,000	...	...	219,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	163,400	...	...	163,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	630	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	171,000	...	...	171,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	253,800	...	...	253,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	186,400	...	...	186,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	445	190	255	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,600	57,600	59,200	58,600	57,600	59,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	46,400	49,200	48,000	46,400	49,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,390	4,190	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,965	1,050	915	23.4	25.1	21.8
0 to 5 years	485	255	225	5.8	6.1	5.4
18 to 64 years	5,180	2,550	2,625	61.7	60.9	62.4
65 years and over	1,250	585	660	14.9	14.0	15.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	505	240	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	75	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	15	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	265	130	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	100	35	60	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	5.7	6.2	6.0	5.7	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	6.9	6.8	7.0	6.9	6.8	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	5.0	4.0	4.4	5.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	5.1	5.2	5.2	5.1	5.2
65 years and over (%)	8.0	6.4	9.2	8.0	6.4	9.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,395	4,190	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,965	1,045	915	23.4	24.9	21.8
0 to 5 years	480	260	225	5.7	6.2	5.4
18 to 64 years	5,175	2,550	2,625	61.6	60.9	62.4
65 years and over	1,255	590	665	14.9	14.1	15.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	230	120	110	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	35	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	135	75	60	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	15	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	3.2	3.4	3.4	3.2	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	2.5	x	1.6	2.5	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.9	2.3	2.6	2.9	2.3
65 years and over (%)	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,395	4,190	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,240	1,095	1,135	26.7	26.1	27.0
In bottom decile	430	210	215	5.1	5.0	5.1
In second decile	420	210	215	5.0	5.0	5.1
In third decile	460	210	245	5.5	5.0	5.8
In fourth decile	410	205	200	4.9	4.9	4.8
In fifth decile	520	265	255	6.2	6.3	6.1
In top half of the distribution	6,155	3,090	3,065	73.3	73.7	72.9
In sixth decile	520	250	270	6.2	6.0	6.4
In seventh decile	655	310	340	7.8	7.4	8.1
In eighth decile	1,005	505	500	12.0	12.1	11.9
In ninth decile	1,385	695	690	16.5	16.6	16.4
In top decile	2,595	1,330	1,265	30.9	31.7	30.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,395	...	...	8,395	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.404	...	...	0.404	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.470	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.346	...	...	0.346	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,395	4,190	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,570	3,865	3,710	90.2	92.2	88.1
French only	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	625	255	365	7.4	6.1	8.7
Neither English nor French	195	65	130	2.3	1.6	3.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,395	4,190	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,100	4,085	4,015	96.5	97.5	95.4
French	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and French	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Neither English nor French	195	65	130	2.3	1.6	3.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,395	4,190	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,010	3,990	4,015	95.4	95.2	95.4
Official languages	5,185	2,650	2,540	61.8	63.2	60.3
English	5,145	2,630	2,510	61.3	62.8	59.6
French	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official languages	2,825	1,340	1,480	33.7	32.0	35.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,825	1,340	1,480	33.7	32.0	35.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55	1.4	1.4	1.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	115	60	55	1.4	1.4	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	40	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Aramaic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	5	20	0.3	0.1	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Telugu	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,030	965	1,060	24.2	23.0	25.2
Albanian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Armenian	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	530	235	295	6.3	5.6	7.0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages	520	225	290	6.2	5.4	6.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Polish	65	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.0
Russian	375	170	205	4.5	4.1	4.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
German	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.5
Indo-Iranian languages	375	200	175	4.5	4.8	4.2
Indo-Aryan languages	165	85	85	2.0	2.0	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	210	115	95	2.5	2.7	2.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	210	115	95	2.5	2.7	2.3
Dari	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	155	80	75	1.8	1.9	1.8
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	975	465	510	11.6	11.1	12.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	785	385	400	9.4	9.2	9.5
Portuguese	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Romanian	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.7
Spanish	95	35	60	1.1	0.8	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	50	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	205	235	5.2	4.9	5.6
Chinese languages	440	205	235	5.2	4.9	5.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	330	160	175	3.9	3.8	4.2
Min Dong	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	95	45	55	1.1	1.1	1.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.4
Azerbaijani	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Estonian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	200	190	4.6	4.8	4.5
English and French	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	325	165	160	3.9	3.9	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,395	4,190	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,740	2,915	2,825	68.4	69.6	67.1
French	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	615	275	335	7.3	6.6	8.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	615	275	335	7.3	6.6	8.0
English and French	45	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,865	920	940	22.2	22.0	22.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	100	45	55	1.2	1.1	1.3
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.4
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,395	4,190	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,990	3,980	4,010	95.2	95.0	95.2
Official languages	6,795	3,415	3,380	80.9	81.5	80.3
English	6,780	3,410	3,370	80.8	81.4	80.0
French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	1,195	565	630	14.2	13.5	15.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,195	565	630	14.2	13.5	15.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Telugu	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	705	335	375	8.4	8.0	8.9
Albanian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	280	135	140	3.3	3.2	3.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	275	135	140	3.3	3.2	3.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	230	115	115	2.7	2.7	2.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	215	105	105	2.6	2.5	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	85	40	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	130	65	65	1.5	1.6	1.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	130	65	65	1.5	1.6	1.5
Dari	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	105	50	55	1.3	1.2	1.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	15	5	0.2	0.4	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	70	105	2.0	1.7	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	125	50	75	1.5	1.2	1.8
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Spanish	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	335	160	180	4.0	3.8	4.3
Chinese languages	335	160	180	4.0	3.8	4.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	260	125	135	3.1	3.0	3.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	65	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.8
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	210	195	4.8	5.0	4.6
English and French	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	390	205	190	4.6	4.9	4.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,400	4,190	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,695	3,370	3,325	79.7	80.4	79.1
English	495	250	245	5.9	6.0	5.8
French	55	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	960	455	510	11.4	10.9	12.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	960	455	510	11.4	10.9	12.1
English and French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.7
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,370	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	8,190	4,135	4,060	97.8	98.8	96.9
English	8,190	4,130	4,060	97.8	98.7	96.9
French	690	330	360	8.2	7.9	8.6
Non-official languages	4,005	1,900	2,100	47.8	45.4	50.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,005	1,900	2,100	47.8	45.4	50.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	80	110	2.2	1.9	2.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	185	80	110	2.2	1.9	2.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	115	55	60	1.4	1.3	1.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Maltese	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25	0.4	0.4	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.7
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,215	1,540	1,670	38.4	36.8	39.9
Albanian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	50	30	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Balto-Slavic languages	670	295	375	8.0	7.0	8.9
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Slavic languages	660	285	370	7.9	6.8	8.8
Belarusian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Polish	85	35	50	1.0	0.8	1.2
Russian	500	215	285	6.0	5.1	6.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	20	40	0.7	0.5	1.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	115	40	70	1.4	1.0	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	40	55	1.1	1.0	1.3
German	90	40	55	1.1	1.0	1.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	125	40	85	1.5	1.0	2.0
Indo-Iranian languages	745	400	345	8.9	9.6	8.2
Indo-Aryan languages	340	175	170	4.1	4.2	4.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hindi	90	50	40	1.1	1.2	1.0
Kacchi	30	10	15	0.4	0.2	0.4
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	185	95	95	2.2	2.3	2.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	400	230	170	4.8	5.5	4.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	400	230	170	4.8	5.5	4.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	340	185	155	4.1	4.4	3.7
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	40	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,595	770	830	19.1	18.4	19.8
Catalan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italian	1,345	655	690	16.1	15.7	16.5
Portuguese	95	50	50	1.1	1.2	1.2
Romanian	50	35	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
Spanish	185	70	115	2.2	1.7	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Korean	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	450	210	235	5.4	5.0	5.6
Chinese languages	450	210	235	5.4	5.0	5.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	355	170	185	4.2	4.1	4.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	170	80	95	2.0	1.9	2.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	105	60	40	1.3	1.4	1.0
Estonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	85	55	40	1.0	1.3	1.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,375	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	65	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Métis	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,305	4,155	4,155	99.2	99.3	99.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,375	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,355	4,180	4,175	99.8	99.9	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,425	...	...	90.3	...	...
Renter	260	...	...	9.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	165	...	...	6.1	...	...
Not condominium	2,515	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	3.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	210	...	...	7.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	645	...	...	24.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,740	...	...	64.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	220	...	...	8.2	...	...
5 rooms	275	...	...	10.2	...	...
6 rooms	270	...	...	10.1	...	...
7 rooms	390	...	...	14.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,520	...	...	56.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,665	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,635	...	...	98.1	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	245	...	...	9.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	540	...	...	20.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	305	...	...	11.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	100	...	...	3.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	80	...	...	3.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	845	...	...	31.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	555	...	...	20.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,635	...	...	98.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	920	...	...	34.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,645	...	...	61.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	115	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	135	...	...	5.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	515	...	...	19.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	705	...	...	26.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	640	...	...	23.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	355	...	...	13.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	215	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,850	...	...	69.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	830	...	...	31.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...	25.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	890	...	...	33.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	795	...	...	29.6	...	...
Not suitable only	30	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,795	...	...	66.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,535	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	165	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not in core need	2,370	...	...	93.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,420	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.3	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.5	...	...	29.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,640	...	...	2,640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	3,104	...	...	3,104	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,900,000	...	...	1,900,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	2,042,000	...	...	2,042,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	260	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.5	...	...	11.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	43.1	...	...	43.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.8	...	...	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,000	...	...	2,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,060	...	...	2,060	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,375	4,185	4,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	50	30	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	50	30	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,305	4,145	4,160	99.2	99.0	99.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,370	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,005	4,035	3,965	95.6	96.4	94.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,930	1,040	890	23.1	24.9	21.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,070	2,995	3,070	72.5	71.6	73.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	370	150	220	4.4	3.6	5.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,370	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,765	2,985	2,780	68.9	71.3	66.3
Immigrants⁸¹	2,535	1,160	1,375	30.3	27.7	32.8
Before 1980	760	345	410	9.1	8.2	9.8
1980 to 1990	355	170	190	4.2	4.1	4.5
1991 to 2000	575	285	290	6.9	6.8	6.9
2001 to 2010	610	270	340	7.3	6.5	8.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	230	85	140	2.7	2.0	3.3
2011 to 2015	120	55	65	1.4	1.3	1.6
2016 to 2021	110	35	75	1.3	0.8	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	35	40	0.9	0.8	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,535	1,160	1,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	260	115	145	10.3	9.9	10.5
5 to 14 years	500	235	265	19.7	20.3	19.3
15 to 24 years	675	295	380	26.6	25.4	27.6
25 to 44 years	905	440	465	35.7	37.9	33.8
45 years and over	200	80	120	7.9	6.9	8.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,535	1,160	1,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	150	70	80	5.9	6.0	5.8
Brazil	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	15	1.0	0.9	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	50	15	35	2.0	1.3	2.5
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	15	1.8	2.2	1.1
Europe	1,215	550	665	47.9	47.4	48.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	0	0.8	0.9	0.0
France	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Germany	30	15	20	1.2	1.3	1.5
Greece	25	10	15	1.0	0.9	1.1
Hungary	55	30	20	2.2	2.6	1.5
Italy	445	215	225	17.6	18.5	16.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	55	25	35	2.2	2.2	2.5
Portugal	35	10	20	1.4	0.9	1.5
Romania	35	20	15	1.4	1.7	1.1
Russian Federation	105	40	60	4.1	3.4	4.4
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	120	60	60	4.7	5.2	4.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	25	70	3.9	2.2	5.1
Other places of birth in Europe	185	85	100	7.3	7.3	7.3
Africa	75	30	45	3.0	2.6	3.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	20	2.0	2.6	1.5
Asia	1,085	510	580	42.8	44.0	42.2
Afghanistan	35	15	20	1.4	1.3	1.5
Iran⁸⁸	270	145	130	10.7	12.5	9.5
Iraq	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Lebanon	20	20	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	245	110	130	9.7	9.5	9.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	60	15	50	2.4	1.3	3.6
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	0.8	0.0	1.5
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	110	55	55	4.3	4.7	4.0
Pakistan	95	55	40	3.7	4.7	2.9
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0.6	0.9	0.7
Other places of birth in Asia	150	75	75	5.9	6.5	5.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	110	35	70	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	27.3	28.6	28.6
Brazil	10	0	0	9.1	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	0	10	18.2	0.0	14.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	15	18.2	28.6	21.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	9.1	0.0	14.3
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	20	40	54.5	57.1	57.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	10	20	31.8	28.6	28.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	10	13.6	0.0	14.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	13.6	0.0	21.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,370	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,690	1,225	1,465	32.1	29.3	35.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,090	1,560	1,530	36.9	37.3	36.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,590	1,400	1,190	30.9	33.5	28.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,775	810	960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	980	480	495	55.2	59.3	51.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	380	255	120	21.4	31.5	12.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	600	225	375	33.8	27.8	39.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	490	180	310	27.6	22.2	32.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	260	130	135	14.6	16.0	14.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	40	20	20	2.3	2.5	2.1
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,775	810	960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	150	80	65	8.5	9.9	6.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	125	85	40	7.0	10.5	4.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	0	20	1.4	0.0	2.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	100	45	50	5.6	5.6	5.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,370	600	770	77.2	74.1	80.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,375	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,765	850	915	21.1	20.3	21.8
South Asian	465	240	225	5.6	5.7	5.4
Chinese	505	245	260	6.0	5.9	6.2
Black	125	65	60	1.5	1.6	1.4
Filipino	80	0	75	1.0	0.0	1.8
Arab	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
Latin American	70	30	40	0.8	0.7	1.0
Southeast Asian	65	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.7
West Asian	305	170	135	3.6	4.1	3.2
Korean	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Japanese	30	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.5
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,605	3,335	3,270	78.9	79.7	78.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,370	4,180	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	620	330	290	7.4	7.9	6.9
English	750	380	375	9.0	9.1	8.9
Irish	605	315	290	7.2	7.5	6.9
Scottish	575	305	275	6.9	7.3	6.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	180	95	90	2.2	2.3	2.1
German	315	190	125	3.8	4.5	3.0
Chinese	495	230	260	5.9	5.5	6.2
Italian	3,220	1,670	1,550	38.5	40.0	37.0
Indian (India)	225	125	100	2.7	3.0	2.4
Ukrainian	235	130	105	2.8	3.1	2.5
Dutch	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
Polish	330	115	215	3.9	2.8	5.1
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	130	70	60	1.6	1.7	1.4
Filipino	80	0	70	1.0	0.0	1.7
French Canadian	45	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Métis	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	145	60	80	1.7	1.4	1.9
Russian	410	180	230	4.9	4.3	5.5
Norwegian	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Welsh	40	30	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Portuguese	185	110	75	2.2	2.6	1.8
American	35	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Spanish	155	70	75	1.9	1.7	1.8
Swedish	35	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Hungarian	130	85	45	1.6	2.0	1.1
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	125	80	55	1.5	1.9	1.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Jewish	150	60	90	1.8	1.4	2.1
Punjabi	45	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	260	120	135	3.1	2.9	3.2
Jamaican	75	30	50	0.9	0.7	1.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Romanian	55	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Lebanese	55	30	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
Iranian	260	145	120	3.1	3.5	2.9
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	70	45	25	0.8	1.1	0.6
Danish	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	60	40	25	0.7	1.0	0.6
Belgian	50	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Finnish	30	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	70	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
Japanese	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Muslim	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Egyptian	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.7
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Czech	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	65	30	30	0.8	0.7	0.7
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	120	65	55	1.4	1.6	1.3
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
Slovak	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	50	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.7
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	65	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.8
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Maltese	70	40	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
Macedonian	70	40	35	0.8	1.0	0.8
Slovenian	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Estonian	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	40	30	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,375	4,185	4,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	90	40	50	1.1	1.0	1.2
Christian	5,875	2,905	2,970	70.1	69.4	70.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	355	180	175	4.2	4.3	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	210	105	110	2.5	2.5	2.6
Baptist	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Catholic	4,150	2,100	2,055	49.6	50.2	49.0
Christian Orthodox	655	285	365	7.8	6.8	8.7
Jehovah's Witness	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	90	45	45	1.1	1.1	1.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Presbyterian	115	45	65	1.4	1.1	1.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	120	40	75	1.4	1.0	1.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	105	55	45	1.3	1.3	1.1
Hindu	145	75	75	1.7	1.8	1.8
Jewish	225	110	115	2.7	2.6	2.7
Muslim	475	250	235	5.7	6.0	5.6
Sikh	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	1,490	770	720	17.8	18.4	17.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,305	4,145	4,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,600	3,795	3,805	91.5	91.6	91.5
Movers	705	350	355	8.5	8.4	8.5
Non-migrants	200	115	80	2.4	2.8	1.9
Migrants	500	230	275	6.0	5.5	6.6
Internal migrants	490	225	265	5.9	5.4	6.4
Intraprovincial migrants	465	210	250	5.6	5.1	6.0
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
External migrants	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,970	3,975	4,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,610	2,305	2,300	57.8	58.0	57.5
Movers	3,360	1,670	1,690	42.2	42.0	42.3
Non-migrants	405	200	205	5.1	5.0	5.1
Migrants	2,955	1,465	1,485	37.1	36.9	37.1
Internal migrants	2,840	1,420	1,425	35.6	35.7	35.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,715	1,340	1,375	34.1	33.7	34.4
Interprovincial migrants	125	70	55	1.6	1.8	1.4
External migrants	110	50	60	1.4	1.3	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,795	3,330	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	790	445	350	11.6	13.4	10.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,000	2,890	3,115	88.3	86.8	89.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,415	2,125	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	145	90	55	3.3	4.2	2.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,270	2,035	2,240	96.7	95.8	97.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,795	3,335	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	730	395	335	10.7	11.8	9.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,670	850	820	24.6	25.5	23.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,390	2,090	2,310	64.6	62.7	66.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,735	870	870	25.5	26.1	25.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	365	245	120	5.4	7.3	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	160	80	80	2.4	2.4	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	210	165	40	3.1	4.9	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,145	520	625	16.9	15.6	18.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	105	120	3.3	3.1	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,655	1,215	1,440	39.1	36.4	41.6
Bachelor's degree	1,735	790	940	25.5	23.7	27.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	100	145	3.6	3.0	4.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	55	60	1.7	1.6	1.7
Master's degree	480	220	260	7.1	6.6	7.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	55	30	1.3	1.6	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,410	2,125	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	70	45	2.7	3.3	2.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	785	420	365	17.8	19.8	15.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,510	1,640	1,870	79.6	77.2	81.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,365	660	710	31.0	31.1	31.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	255	170	85	5.8	8.0	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	55	55	2.6	2.6	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	145	110	30	3.3	5.2	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	920	400	520	20.9	18.8	22.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	190	90	100	4.3	4.2	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,145	980	1,165	48.6	46.1	50.9
Bachelor's degree	1,410	635	770	32.0	29.9	33.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	85	100	4.2	4.0	4.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	45	50	2.3	2.1	2.2
Master's degree	380	170	210	8.6	8.0	9.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	35	1.5	1.6	1.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,795	3,335	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,400	1,245	1,155	35.3	37.3	33.4
Education	250	40	210	3.7	1.2	6.1
13. Education	250	40	210	3.7	1.2	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	45	110	2.3	1.3	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	155	45	110	2.3	1.3	3.2
Humanities	265	70	200	3.9	2.1	5.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	0	60	1.0	0.0	1.7
23. English language and literature/letters	60	10	50	0.9	0.3	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	30	50	1.2	0.9	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	760	245	515	11.2	7.3	14.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	45	0.8	0.4	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	0.7	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	190	65	120	2.8	1.9	3.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
42. Psychology	120	25	95	1.8	0.7	2.7
45. Social sciences	315	125	190	4.6	3.7	5.5
Business, management and public administration	1,070	515	560	15.7	15.4	16.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	50	0.7	0.0	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,025	515	510	15.1	15.4	14.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	80	100	2.7	2.4	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	30	40	1.1	0.9	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	40	1.1	0.9	1.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	120	75	2.7	3.6	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	90	50	2.1	2.7	1.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	30	20	0.7	0.9	0.6
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	825	735	90	12.1	22.0	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	100	75	25	1.5	2.2	0.7
14. Engineering	300	250	50	4.4	7.5	1.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	120	10	1.9	3.6	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	165	160	0	2.4	4.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
48. Precision production	35	35	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	440	145	295	6.5	4.3	8.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	20	15	0.6	0.6	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	380	105	275	5.6	3.1	7.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	65	125	2.7	1.9	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	130	25	105	1.9	0.7	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,415	2,120	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	905	485	420	20.5	22.9	18.3
Education	210	30	180	4.8	1.4	7.9
13. Education	210	30	180	4.8	1.4	7.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	30	90	2.7	1.4	3.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	30	90	2.7	1.4	3.9
Humanities	180	35	145	4.1	1.7	6.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	45	1.0	0.0	2.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	0.8	0.5	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	1.2	0.7	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	635	210	425	14.4	9.9	18.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	25	0.9	0.5	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	160	50	110	3.6	2.4	4.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
42. Psychology	95	20	70	2.2	0.9	3.1
45. Social sciences	275	115	160	6.2	5.4	7.0
Business, management and public administration	920	440	480	20.8	20.8	21.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	890	440	450	20.2	20.8	19.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	60	90	3.3	2.8	3.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	1.2	0.9	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	35	1.5	1.2	1.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
40. Physical sciences	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	95	70	3.7	4.5	3.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	70	45	2.6	3.3	2.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	15	0.9	1.2	0.7
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	620	545	75	14.0	25.7	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	90	70	25	2.0	3.3	1.1
14. Engineering	240	200	35	5.4	9.4	1.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	80	75	0	1.8	3.5	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	125	120	0	2.8	5.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	1.5	3.1	0.0
48. Precision production	25	25	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	30	20	0.9	1.4	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Health and related fields	330	115	215	7.5	5.4	9.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	295	95	200	6.7	4.5	8.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	45	85	3.1	2.1	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95	10	85	2.2	0.5	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	10	0.6	0.9	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,415	2,120	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	905	485	420	20.5	22.9	18.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,510	1,635	1,875	79.5	77.1	81.9
Location of study inside Canada	2,765	1,280	1,480	62.6	60.4	64.6
Same as province or territory of residence	2,615	1,215	1,405	59.2	57.3	61.4
Different than province or territory of residence	145	70	75	3.3	3.3	3.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	745	355	390	16.9	16.7	17.0
Americas	135	75	60	3.1	3.5	2.6
United States of America	115	65	50	2.6	3.1	2.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Europe	250	110	140	5.7	5.2	6.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
Moldova¹⁸³	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.7
Poland	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Romania	15	10	10	0.3	0.5	0.4
Russian Federation	35	25	15	0.8	1.2	0.7
Ukraine	30	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.9
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	15	35	1.1	0.7	1.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	45	20	25	1.0	0.9	1.1
Africa	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	340	165	175	7.7	7.8	7.6
Iran⁸⁸	65	35	30	1.5	1.7	1.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	75	35	40	1.7	1.7	1.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	25	35	1.4	1.2	1.5
Pakistan	45	25	20	1.0	1.2	0.9
Other locations of study in Asia	40	10	20	0.9	0.5	0.9
Oceania	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Australia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,795	3,335	3,465	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,555	2,370	2,185	...	...	...
Employed	4,020	2,125	1,895	...	...	...
Unemployed	530	245	290	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,245	965	1,280	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.0	71.1	63.1	67.0	71.1	63.1
Employment rate	59.2	63.7	54.7	59.2	63.7	54.7
Unemployment rate	11.6	10.3	13.3	11.6	10.3	13.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,795	3,335	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,195	950	1,245	32.3	28.5	36.0
Worked	4,600	2,385	2,215	67.7	71.5	64.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,620	1,490	1,135	38.6	44.7	32.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,980	890	1,085	29.1	26.7	31.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	43.0	40.1	41.6	43.0	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,555	2,370	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	55	40	2.0	2.3	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,460	2,315	2,145	97.9	97.7	98.2
Employee	3,145	1,465	1,685	69.0	61.8	77.1
Permanent position	2,640	1,215	1,425	58.0	51.3	65.2
Temporary position	500	250	255	11.0	10.5	11.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	85	60	3.1	3.6	2.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	360	165	195	7.9	7.0	8.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,315	855	460	28.9	36.1	21.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,555	2,370	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	55	40	2.0	2.3	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,460	2,315	2,145	97.9	97.7	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	190	170	20	4.2	7.2	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,050	345	705	23.1	14.6	32.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	430	290	140	9.4	12.2	6.4
3 Health occupations	240	85	155	5.3	3.6	7.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	590	150	445	13.0	6.3	20.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130	40	90	2.9	1.7	4.1
6 Sales and service occupations	965	470	500	21.2	19.8	22.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	720	655	60	15.8	27.6	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	55	15	1.4	2.3	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	75	65	15	1.6	2.7	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,555	2,370	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	55	40	2.0	2.3	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	4,460	2,315	2,145	97.9	97.7	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
23 Construction	660	550	110	14.5	23.2	5.0
31-33 Manufacturing	325	205	115	7.1	8.6	5.3
41 Wholesale trade	210	145	65	4.6	6.1	3.0
44-45 Retail trade	415	195	215	9.1	8.2	9.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	145	95	55	3.2	4.0	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	85	40	45	1.9	1.7	2.1
52 Finance and insurance	345	165	175	7.6	7.0	8.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	205	120	90	4.5	5.1	4.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	550	305	250	12.1	12.9	11.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	75	45	2.7	3.2	2.1
61 Educational services	395	80	320	8.7	3.4	14.6
62 Health care and social assistance	365	90	270	8.0	3.8	12.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	25	45	1.4	1.1	2.1
72 Accommodation and food services	170	70	95	3.7	3.0	4.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	140	50	95	3.1	2.1	4.3
91 Public administration	195	90	100	4.3	3.8	4.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,930	2,535	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,575	2,380	2,195	92.8	93.9	91.6
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	35	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.3
English and French	75	15	60	1.5	0.6	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	235	125	105	4.8	4.9	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,930	2,535	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,850	2,495	2,360	98.4	98.4	98.5
Official languages	4,790	2,465	2,325	97.2	97.2	97.1
English	4,765	2,460	2,305	96.7	97.0	96.2
French	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Non-official languages	65	30	35	1.3	1.2	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	30	35	1.3	1.2	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	80	45	35	1.6	1.8	1.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	45	30	1.5	1.8	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,930	2,535	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,665	2,415	2,255	94.6	95.3	94.2
English	40	20	25	0.8	0.8	1.0
French	55	15	35	1.1	0.6	1.5
Non-official language	140	70	70	2.8	2.8	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	70	70	2.8	2.8	2.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,020	2,130	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,525	705	820	37.9	33.1	43.3
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
No fixed workplace address	425	345	80	10.6	16.2	4.2
Usual place of work	2,060	1,060	1,000	51.2	49.8	52.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,060	1,060	1,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	355	140	210	17.2	13.2	21.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,045	575	470	50.7	54.2	47.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	655	340	310	31.8	32.1	31.0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,485	1,410	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,335	1,360	970	94.0	96.5	90.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,230	1,310	920	89.7	92.9	85.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	105	50	55	4.2	3.5	5.1
Public transit	65	15	45	2.6	1.1	4.2
Walked	30	10	20	1.2	0.7	1.9
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	55	25	35	2.2	1.8	3.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,485	1,410	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	355	180	175	14.3	12.8	16.3
15 to 29 minutes	910	500	410	36.6	35.5	38.1
30 to 44 minutes	685	410	280	27.6	29.1	26.0
45 to 59 minutes	280	140	140	11.3	9.9	13.0
60 minutes and over	250	175	75	10.1	12.4	7.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,485	1,410	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	145	130	15	5.8	9.2	1.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	385	300	85	15.5	21.3	7.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	635	365	265	25.6	25.9	24.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	595	305	295	23.9	21.6	27.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	500	200	300	20.1	14.2	27.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	215	110	110	8.7	7.8	10.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,010	1,075	930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	60	60	6.0	5.6	6.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,890	1,010	880	94.0	94.0	94.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,585	850	735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	45	6.6	6.5	6.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	40	30	4.4	4.7	4.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	10	20	2.2	1.2	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,485	795	690	93.7	93.5	93.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 21, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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