Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Truro, Town (T)More information: Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,954	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,261	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,658	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,347	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	345.3	...	...	345.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	37.52	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,955	5,970	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,660	860	800	12.8	14.4	11.5
0 to 4 years	480	250	230	3.7	4.2	3.3
5 to 9 years	585	305	275	4.5	5.1	3.9
10 to 14 years	600	305	290	4.6	5.1	4.2
15 to 64 years	7,855	3,700	4,155	60.6	62.0	59.5
15 to 19 years	570	280	285	4.4	4.7	4.1
20 to 24 years	810	405	405	6.3	6.8	5.8
25 to 29 years	945	460	480	7.3	7.7	6.9
30 to 34 years	785	385	400	6.1	6.4	5.7
35 to 39 years	730	350	385	5.6	5.9	5.5
40 to 44 years	625	260	365	4.8	4.4	5.2
45 to 49 years	750	360	390	5.8	6.0	5.6
50 to 54 years	775	375	395	6.0	6.3	5.7
55 to 59 years	940	430	515	7.3	7.2	7.4
60 to 64 years	930	405	525	7.2	6.8	7.5
65 years and over	3,435	1,410	2,030	26.5	23.6	29.1
65 to 69 years	855	370	480	6.6	6.2	6.9
70 to 74 years	820	360	460	6.3	6.0	6.6
75 to 79 years	635	260	370	4.9	4.4	5.3
80 to 84 years	505	185	320	3.9	3.1	4.6
85 years and over	620	225	400	4.8	3.8	5.7
85 to 89 years	380	150	235	2.9	2.5	3.4
90 to 94 years	195	70	120	1.5	1.2	1.7
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.8	14.4	11.5	12.8	14.4	11.5
15 to 64 years	60.6	62.0	59.5	60.6	62.0	59.5
65 years and over	26.5	23.6	29.1	26.5	23.6	29.1
85 years and over	4.8	3.8	5.7	4.8	3.8	5.7
Average age of the population	46.2	44.1	48.0	46.2	44.1	48.0
Median age of the population	47.6	44.8	49.6	47.6	44.8	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,585	...	...	40.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	235	...	...	3.7	...	...
Row house	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	680	...	...	10.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,665	...	...	42.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	100	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,725	...	...	42.9	...	...
2 persons	2,200	...	...	34.7	...	...
3 persons	730	...	...	11.5	...	...
4 persons	465	...	...	7.3	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...	3.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,295	5,110	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,300	2,620	2,675	46.9	51.3	43.2
Married	4,070	2,010	2,055	36.0	39.3	33.2
Living common-law	1,235	615	620	10.9	12.0	10.0
Living common law - Never married	895	440	455	7.9	8.6	7.4
Living common law - Separated	70	35	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	235	120	110	2.1	2.3	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	5,990	2,485	3,505	53.0	48.6	56.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,485	1,790	1,690	30.9	35.0	27.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	485	185	305	4.3	3.6	4.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	920	285	630	8.1	5.6	10.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,100	225	880	9.7	4.4	14.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,120	...	...	63.7	...	...
3 persons	620	...	...	18.6	...	...
4 persons	410	...	...	12.3	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...	5.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,325	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,580	...	...	77.6	...	...
Married couples	1,960	...	...	58.9	...	...
With children⁶	740	...	...	22.3	...	...
Without children	1,225	...	...	36.8	...	...
Common-law couples	620	...	...	18.6	...	...
With children⁶	220	...	...	6.6	...	...
Without children	400	...	...	12.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	750	...	...	22.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	610	...	...	18.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	140	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,675	4,185	4,495	69.8	72.2	67.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,150	2,565	2,585	41.5	44.3	39.0
Parents in one-parent families	750	135	615	6.0	2.3	9.3
Children⁶	2,775	1,480	1,295	22.3	25.5	19.5
In a two-parent family	1,690	865	825	13.6	14.9	12.5
In a one-parent family	1,085	610	470	8.7	10.5	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,745	1,615	2,135	30.2	27.9	32.2
Living alone	2,720	1,075	1,645	21.9	18.6	24.8
Living with other relatives⁷	250	95	160	2.0	1.6	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	770	450	325	6.2	7.8	4.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,050	...	...	48.0	...	...
Couple-family households	2,420	...	...	38.1	...	...
With children⁶	900	...	...	14.2	...	...
Without children	1,520	...	...	23.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	630	...	...	9.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	160	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	340	...	...	5.4	...	...
One-person households	2,720	...	...	42.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,770	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,500	4,810	5,695	97.5	97.3	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,200	31,200	33,200	37,200	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,500	4,810	5,695	97.5	97.3	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	33,200	28,800	30,600	33,200	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,810	4,145	4,665	81.8	83.8	80.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,600	32,400	23,400	27,600	32,400	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,690	3,270	3,425	62.1	66.1	58.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	32,000	25,600	28,800	32,000	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,995	3,920	5,075	83.5	79.3	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,500	12,000	12,900	12,500	12,000	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,240	565	675	11.5	11.4	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,840	5,720	5,800	5,840	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,745	1,240	1,510	25.5	25.1	25.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,770	4,945	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,540	4,820	5,730	97.9	97.5	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	46,840	37,600	41,840	46,840	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,540	4,820	5,730	97.9	97.5	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,400	38,760	32,600	35,400	38,760	32,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,910	4,145	4,755	82.7	83.8	81.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,880	43,240	31,320	36,880	43,240	31,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,690	3,200	3,490	62.1	64.7	59.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,080	41,800	32,760	37,080	41,800	32,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,000	3,875	5,120	83.6	78.4	87.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,500	11,960	12,920	12,500	11,960	12,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,180	535	640	11.0	10.8	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,380	6,220	6,520	6,380	6,220	6,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,740	1,235	1,505	25.4	25.0	25.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,570	9,800	9,390	9,570	9,800	9,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,775	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,100	1,600	1,495	28.8	32.4	25.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	52,400	45,600	48,800	52,400	45,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,250	62,900	51,160	57,250	62,900	51,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,820	1,205	1,615	26.2	24.4	27.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,700	14,800	14,500	14,700	14,800	14,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,340	22,840	20,220	21,340	22,840	20,220
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.4	79.4	69.2	74.4	79.4	69.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.3	59.3	53.1	56.3	59.3	53.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.5	20.5	30.8	25.5	20.5	30.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9	6.1	7.9	6.9	6.1	7.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.9	5.4	6.6	5.9	5.4	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,775	4,945	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	270	140	135	2.5	2.8	2.3
With total income	10,505	4,810	5,690	97.5	97.3	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	805	375	425	7.7	7.8	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,590	605	985	15.1	12.6	17.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,230	935	1,295	21.2	19.4	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,595	660	940	15.2	13.7	16.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,335	630	705	12.7	13.1	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	885	430	450	8.4	8.9	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	615	350	265	5.9	7.3	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	405	220	190	3.9	4.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	325	165	160	3.1	3.4	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	240	130	105	2.3	2.7	1.8
$100,000 and over	485	305	175	4.6	6.3	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	330	205	130	3.1	4.3	2.3
$150,000 and over	155	105	50	1.5	2.2	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,775	4,945	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	270	140	135	2.5	2.8	2.3
With after-tax income	10,505	4,810	5,690	97.5	97.3	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	855	385	470	8.1	8.0	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,650	635	1,010	15.7	13.2	17.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,120	1,510	25.1	23.3	26.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,910	840	1,070	18.2	17.5	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,355	655	695	12.9	13.6	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	810	455	350	7.7	9.5	6.2
$60,000 to $69,999	515	260	255	4.9	5.4	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	335	170	165	3.2	3.5	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	145	90	50	1.4	1.9	0.9
$90,000 to $99,999	85	50	35	0.8	1.0	0.6
$100,000 and over	210	145	70	2.0	3.0	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	105	65	40	1.0	1.4	0.7
$125,000 and over	110	80	35	1.0	1.7	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,775	4,945	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,080	1,680	2,400	37.9	34.0	41.2
With employment income	6,695	3,265	3,425	62.1	66.0	58.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,020	475	540	15.2	14.5	15.8
$5,000 to $9,999	610	255	355	9.1	7.8	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,010	425	590	15.1	13.0	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	810	385	425	12.1	11.8	12.4
$30,000 to $39,999	755	365	385	11.3	11.2	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	670	335	335	10.0	10.3	9.8
$50,000 to $59,999	475	250	230	7.1	7.7	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	340	210	130	5.1	6.4	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	270	150	125	4.0	4.6	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	250	140	115	3.7	4.3	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	175	90	85	2.6	2.8	2.5
$100,000 and over	300	190	115	4.5	5.8	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	165	90	70	2.5	2.8	2.0
$125,000 and over	140	95	45	2.1	2.9	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,770	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,315	4,705	5,605	95.8	95.1	96.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	34,400	27,000	29,800	34,400	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,315	4,705	5,610	95.8	95.1	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	31,000	25,400	27,600	31,000	25,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,795	4,125	4,670	81.7	83.4	80.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	32,400	24,000	27,600	32,400	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,765	3,295	3,465	62.8	66.6	59.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	31,400	25,800	28,200	31,400	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,195	3,475	4,720	76.1	70.3	81.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,600	9,400	9,100	8,600	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	965	460	505	9.0	9.3	8.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,040	6,700	5,160	6,040	6,700	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,770	4,945	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,355	4,720	5,635	96.1	95.4	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,480	44,800	35,040	39,480	44,800	35,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,355	4,720	5,635	96.1	95.4	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,480	37,240	30,320	33,480	37,240	30,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,870	4,130	4,735	82.4	83.5	81.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,400	43,600	32,000	37,400	43,600	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,795	3,270	3,525	63.1	66.1	60.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,080	41,600	32,920	37,080	41,600	32,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,255	3,520	4,735	76.6	71.2	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,340	8,880	9,690	9,340	8,880	9,690
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	950	495	460	8.8	10.0	7.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,900	7,360	6,400	6,900	7,360	6,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,775	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,075	1,595	1,480	28.5	32.3	25.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	48,800	42,400	46,400	48,800	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,350	59,200	49,160	54,350	59,200	49,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,680	1,125	1,560	24.9	22.8	26.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	21,000	17,800	19,000	21,000	17,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,760	28,750	23,620	25,760	28,750	23,620
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.2	85.2	76.8	81.2	85.2	76.8
Employment income (%)	61.6	64.2	58.8	61.6	64.2	58.8
Government transfers (%)	18.8	14.8	23.2	18.8	14.8	23.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,200	...	...	28,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,625	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,850	...	...	58,850	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,600	...	...	38,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,630	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	315	...	...	5.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	530	...	...	8.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	350	...	...	5.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	365	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	355	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	355	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	590	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	520	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	4.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,250	...	...	19.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	480	...	...	7.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	280	...	...	4.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	205	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	320	...	...	5.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	585	...	...	9.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	445	...	...	7.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	410	...	...	6.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	425	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	375	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	690	...	...	10.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	575	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	440	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	335	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...	3.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	840	...	...	13.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	385	...	...	6.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	200	...	...	3.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	255	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	730	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,495	1,520	1,975	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,000	30,600	29,400	30,000	30,600	29,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,800	28,000	27,600	27,800	28,000	27,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,370	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,400	...	...	93,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,300	...	...	78,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,600	...	...	86,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	73,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,600	...	...	129,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,200	...	...	104,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,100	...	...	62,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,300	...	...	55,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,485	1,505	1,975	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,240	38,160	34,720	36,240	38,160	34,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,440	32,560	30,560	31,440	32,560	30,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,420	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,985	1,015	970	16.0	17.5	14.6
0 to 5 years	585	300	280	4.7	5.2	4.2
18 to 64 years	7,375	3,485	3,890	59.4	60.1	58.7
65 years and over	3,060	1,295	1,760	24.6	22.3	26.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,525	1,060	1,470	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	405	205	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	90	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,380	610	770	...	...	...
65 years and over	750	240	505	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.3	18.2	22.2	20.3	18.2	22.2
0 to 17 years (%)	20.2	20.2	20.2	20.2	20.2	20.2
0 to 5 years (%)	28.8	30.8	27.0	28.8	30.8	27.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.7	17.5	19.8	18.7	17.5	19.8
65 years and over (%)	24.4	18.6	28.6	24.4	18.6	28.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,985	1,015	970	16.0	17.5	14.6
0 to 5 years	585	300	285	4.7	5.2	4.3
18 to 64 years	7,380	3,485	3,890	59.4	60.1	58.7
65 years and over	3,060	1,300	1,765	24.6	22.4	26.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	855	410	450	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	115	60	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	685	340	345	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	15	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9	7.1	6.7	6.9	7.1	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	5.8	6.0	5.9	5.8	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	6.8	4.5	5.6	6.8	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.7	8.9	9.3	9.7	8.9
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.0	2.4	1.9	1.0	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,420	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,800	3,990	4,810	70.9	68.8	72.6
In bottom decile	2,240	955	1,280	18.0	16.5	19.3
In second decile	2,175	1,005	1,170	17.5	17.3	17.7
In third decile	1,740	780	965	14.0	13.4	14.6
In fourth decile	1,495	695	795	12.0	12.0	12.0
In fifth decile	1,150	550	600	9.3	9.5	9.1
In top half of the distribution	3,625	1,810	1,815	29.2	31.2	27.4
In sixth decile	1,005	515	490	8.1	8.9	7.4
In seventh decile	890	440	455	7.2	7.6	6.9
In eighth decile	705	330	375	5.7	5.7	5.7
In ninth decile	580	295	285	4.7	5.1	4.3
In top decile	435	235	205	3.5	4.1	3.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,420	...	...	12,420	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.333	...	...	0.333	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.494	...	...	0.494	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.291	...	...	0.291	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,590	5,865	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,625	5,475	6,145	92.3	93.4	91.3
French only	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	915	365	555	7.3	6.2	8.2
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,590	5,865	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,415	5,785	6,630	98.6	98.6	98.5
French	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,590	5,865	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,430	5,795	6,635	98.7	98.8	98.6
Official languages	11,685	5,420	6,265	92.8	92.4	93.1
English	11,555	5,360	6,190	91.8	91.4	92.0
French	130	55	70	1.0	0.9	1.0
Non-official languages	745	375	370	5.9	6.4	5.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	740	370	365	5.9	6.3	5.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	130	50	80	1.0	0.9	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	40	65	0.8	0.7	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	40	20	0.4	0.7	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	50	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	385	200	180	3.1	3.4	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	130	105	1.9	2.2	1.6
Indo-Aryan languages	215	120	95	1.7	2.0	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	95	70	1.3	1.6	1.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese languages	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	65	95	1.3	1.1	1.4
English and French	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	55	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,590	5,865	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,625	5,405	6,220	92.3	92.2	92.4
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	175	80	100	1.4	1.4	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	180	80	95	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and French	110	45	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	610	300	310	4.8	5.1	4.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,590	5,865	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,420	5,780	6,640	98.6	98.6	98.7
Official languages	11,970	5,550	6,420	95.1	94.6	95.4
English	11,940	5,535	6,405	94.8	94.4	95.2
French	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official languages	450	230	220	3.6	3.9	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	445	230	220	3.5	3.9	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	35	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	225	120	100	1.8	2.0	1.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	95	70	1.4	1.6	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	90	70	1.2	1.5	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	70	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	170	80	95	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	155	70	80	1.2	1.2	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,595	5,860	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,955	5,555	6,400	94.9	94.8	95.1
English	200	115	90	1.6	2.0	1.3
French	90	35	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	255	110	140	2.0	1.9	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	230	100	130	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,425	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	12,390	5,775	6,610	99.7	99.6	99.8
English	12,390	5,775	6,610	99.7	99.6	99.8
French	910	385	530	7.3	6.6	8.0
Non-official languages	990	455	535	8.0	7.8	8.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Algonquian languages	40	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	40	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Mi'kmaq	40	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	950	420	530	7.6	7.2	8.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	0.8	0.9	0.8
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	50	50	0.8	0.9	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	45	45	0.7	0.8	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	150	50	100	1.2	0.9	1.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	50	100	1.2	0.9	1.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	40	25	0.4	0.7	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Telugu	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	505	235	270	4.1	4.1	4.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	20	55	0.6	0.3	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
German	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Afrikaans	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dutch	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	110	125	1.9	1.9	1.9
Indo-Aryan languages	230	110	120	1.9	1.9	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	145	75	70	1.2	1.3	1.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	175	85	90	1.4	1.5	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	55	50	0.8	0.9	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Korean	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
American Sign Language	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Chinese languages	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,425	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	550	235	320	4.4	4.1	4.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	520	215	305	4.2	3.7	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	390	175	215	3.1	3.0	3.2
Métis	125	40	85	1.0	0.7	1.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	11,875	5,565	6,310	95.6	95.9	95.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,425	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	235	115	120	1.9	2.0	1.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,185	5,685	6,505	98.1	98.0	98.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,700	...	...	42.5	...	...
Renter	3,650	...	...	57.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	175	...	...	2.8	...	...
Not condominium	6,175	...	...	97.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	1,330	...	...	20.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,310	...	...	36.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,725	...	...	27.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	950	...	...	15.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,545	...	...	40.1	...	...
5 rooms	970	...	...	15.3	...	...
6 rooms	780	...	...	12.3	...	...
7 rooms	740	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,315	...	...	20.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,295	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,105	...	...	96.1	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,570	...	...	40.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,680	...	...	26.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	610	...	...	9.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	470	...	...	7.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	280	...	...	4.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	310	...	...	4.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	200	...	...	3.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	230	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,815	...	...	91.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	530	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,910	...	...	61.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,275	...	...	35.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	160	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	295	...	...	4.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	915	...	...	14.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	825	...	...	13.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	935	...	...	14.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,180	...	...	18.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,160	...	...	18.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	670	...	...	10.6	...	...
85 years and over	365	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,620	...	...	73.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,710	...	...	27.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,545	...	...	24.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,275	...	...	35.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,535	...	...	24.2	...	...
Not suitable only	195	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	335	...	...	5.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	165	...	...	2.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,070	...	...	64.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	855	...	...	13.9	...	...
Not in core need	5,310	...	...	86.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,695	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.4	...	...	56.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.4	...	...	10.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,066	...	...	1,066	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	194,000	...	...	194,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	219,200	...	...	219,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,650	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.3	...	...	13.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.2	...	...	39.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.6	...	...	21.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	175	70	110	1.4	1.2	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	175	70	110	1.4	1.2	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	160	70	90	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	510	255	260	4.1	4.4	3.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	510	255	260	4.1	4.4	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	420	220	195	3.4	3.8	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	30	50	0.6	0.5	0.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,735	5,470	6,260	94.5	94.4	94.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,720	5,455	6,265	94.4	94.1	94.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,865	965	900	15.0	16.7	13.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,855	4,490	5,370	79.3	77.5	81.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	700	345	355	5.6	6.0	5.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,295	5,245	6,050	90.9	90.5	91.3
Immigrants⁸¹	780	395	385	6.3	6.8	5.8
Before 1980	200	100	105	1.6	1.7	1.6
1980 to 1990	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
1991 to 2000	70	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
2001 to 2010	100	45	55	0.8	0.8	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	345	180	170	2.8	3.1	2.6
2011 to 2015	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
2016 to 2021	300	150	145	2.4	2.6	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	350	160	190	2.8	2.8	2.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	780	395	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	50	25	25	6.4	6.3	6.5
5 to 14 years	150	85	60	19.2	21.5	15.6
15 to 24 years	150	50	100	19.2	12.7	26.0
25 to 44 years	335	190	145	42.9	48.1	37.7
45 years and over	100	45	55	12.8	11.4	14.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	780	395	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	165	110	60	21.2	27.8	15.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	45	25	15	5.8	6.3	3.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	90	60	25	11.5	15.2	6.5
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	220	100	120	28.2	25.3	31.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	10	0	1.3	2.5	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	150	65	80	19.2	16.5	20.8
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	1.9	2.5	2.6
Africa	20	0	15	2.6	0.0	3.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	3.9
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	355	170	180	45.5	43.0	46.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	25	15	10	3.2	3.8	2.6
Syria⁸⁹	45	20	25	5.8	5.1	6.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	20	15	4.5	5.1	3.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	95	40	60	12.2	10.1	15.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	90	55	40	11.5	13.9	10.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	3.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	10	2.6	2.5	2.6
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	300	155	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	40	25	21.7	25.8	17.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	40	25	15	13.3	16.1	10.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	10	0	5.0	6.5	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	210	95	115	70.0	61.3	79.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	5.0	6.5	6.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	70	35	30	23.3	22.6	20.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	3.3	0.0	6.9
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	25	40	20.0	16.1	27.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	40	15	30	13.3	9.7	20.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,425	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,265	630	635	10.2	10.9	9.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	855	365	490	6.9	6.3	7.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,300	4,800	5,500	82.9	82.8	83.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	575	290	285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	410	220	190	71.3	75.9	66.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	195	115	75	33.9	39.7	26.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	220	100	120	38.3	34.5	42.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	105	55	50	18.3	19.0	17.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	15	40	9.6	5.2	14.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	575	290	285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	55	45	18.3	19.0	15.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	10	20	5.2	3.4	7.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	50	50	16.5	17.2	17.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	340	175	160	59.1	60.3	56.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,425	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,285	595	690	10.3	10.3	10.4
South Asian	305	160	140	2.5	2.8	2.1
Chinese	110	50	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Black	525	265	255	4.2	4.6	3.8
Filipino	160	55	110	1.3	0.9	1.7
Arab	80	35	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Latin American	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
West Asian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,135	5,200	5,935	89.6	89.7	89.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,420	5,795	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,045	945	1,105	16.5	16.3	16.7
English	2,885	1,340	1,550	23.2	23.1	23.4
Irish	2,855	1,305	1,550	23.0	22.5	23.4
Scottish	4,005	1,815	2,185	32.2	31.3	33.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,225	620	605	9.9	10.7	9.1
German	860	335	520	6.9	5.8	7.8
Chinese	95	50	45	0.8	0.9	0.7
Italian	135	55	80	1.1	0.9	1.2
Indian (India)	160	75	90	1.3	1.3	1.4
Ukrainian	115	60	55	0.9	1.0	0.8
Dutch	305	120	185	2.5	2.1	2.8
Polish	90	55	35	0.7	0.9	0.5
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	375	135	240	3.0	2.3	3.6
Filipino	145	45	100	1.2	0.8	1.5
French Canadian	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	870	430	440	7.0	7.4	6.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	155	95	55	1.2	1.6	0.8
Métis	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	615	315	300	5.0	5.4	4.5
Russian	100	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.8
Norwegian	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Welsh	235	135	100	1.9	2.3	1.5
Portuguese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American	50	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Spanish	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Swedish	85	25	60	0.7	0.4	0.9
Hungarian	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Acadian	410	195	215	3.3	3.4	3.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	250	135	115	2.0	2.3	1.7
Jewish	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Punjabi	55	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Greek	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	85	55	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Korean	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romanian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lebanese	105	45	55	0.8	0.8	0.8
Iranian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Danish	65	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sikh	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Austrian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	280	135	145	2.3	2.3	2.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	320	150	165	2.6	2.6	2.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Syrian	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	105	50	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	95	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	410	195	215	3.3	3.4	3.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	115	55	65	0.9	0.9	1.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,425	5,800	6,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Christian	6,535	2,820	3,710	52.6	48.6	56.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	680	325	360	5.5	5.6	5.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	705	305	395	5.7	5.3	6.0
Baptist	830	360	470	6.7	6.2	7.1
Catholic	1,870	875	990	15.1	15.1	14.9
Christian Orthodox	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	45	20	20	0.4	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Lutheran	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	85	20	65	0.7	0.3	1.0
Presbyterian	275	90	180	2.2	1.6	2.7
Reformed	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
United Church	1,560	610	945	12.6	10.5	14.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	290	125	165	2.3	2.2	2.5
Hindu	120	70	40	1.0	1.2	0.6
Jewish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Muslim	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	130	50	80	1.0	0.9	1.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	55	90	1.2	0.9	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	5,410	2,745	2,665	43.5	47.3	40.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,350	5,755	6,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,355	4,850	5,510	83.8	84.3	83.5
Movers	1,995	910	1,080	16.2	15.8	16.4
Non-migrants	1,070	465	600	8.7	8.1	9.1
Migrants	920	440	485	7.4	7.6	7.4
Internal migrants	865	420	445	7.0	7.3	6.7
Intraprovincial migrants	535	240	295	4.3	4.2	4.5
Interprovincial migrants	335	185	155	2.7	3.2	2.4
External migrants	55	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,945	5,570	6,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,040	2,820	3,225	50.6	50.6	50.6
Movers	5,900	2,755	3,150	49.4	49.5	49.5
Non-migrants	1,630	765	870	13.6	13.7	13.7
Migrants	4,265	1,985	2,280	35.7	35.6	35.8
Internal migrants	3,720	1,740	1,985	31.1	31.2	31.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,745	1,260	1,480	23.0	22.6	23.2
Interprovincial migrants	980	475	505	8.2	8.5	7.9
External migrants	545	250	295	4.6	4.5	4.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,775	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,300	1,210	1,085	21.3	24.5	18.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,475	3,735	4,740	78.7	75.5	81.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,350	2,930	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	940	565	375	14.8	19.3	11.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,410	2,365	3,045	85.2	80.7	89.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,770	4,950	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,000	1,030	970	18.6	20.8	16.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,320	1,635	1,685	30.8	33.0	28.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,450	2,275	3,175	50.6	46.0	54.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,995	1,190	1,800	27.8	24.0	30.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	745	450	295	6.9	9.1	5.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	475	235	245	4.4	4.7	4.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	270	220	50	2.5	4.4	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,015	670	1,340	18.7	13.5	23.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	75	165	2.1	1.5	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,455	1,085	1,375	22.8	21.9	23.6
Bachelor's degree	1,535	640	895	14.3	12.9	15.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	70	95	1.5	1.4	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	60	40	0.9	1.2	0.7
Master's degree	615	290	325	5.7	5.9	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,350	2,930	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	805	480	330	12.7	16.4	9.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,840	970	870	29.0	33.1	25.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,705	1,480	2,225	58.3	50.5	65.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,845	720	1,120	29.1	24.6	32.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	420	255	165	6.6	8.7	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	255	120	135	4.0	4.1	3.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	165	135	30	2.6	4.6	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,320	435	890	20.8	14.8	26.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	30	75	1.7	1.0	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,860	760	1,100	29.3	25.9	32.2
Bachelor's degree	1,185	460	725	18.7	15.7	21.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	55	70	2.0	1.9	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	55	40	1.5	1.9	1.2
Master's degree	430	185	240	6.8	6.3	7.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,775	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,320	2,665	2,655	49.4	53.9	45.6
Education	590	170	425	5.5	3.4	7.3
13. Education	590	170	425	5.5	3.4	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	60	0.9	0.8	1.0
Humanities	285	100	185	2.6	2.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	60	0	60	0.6	0.0	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	40	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
54. History	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	560	150	405	5.2	3.0	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	10	170	1.7	0.2	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	115	45	70	1.1	0.9	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	20	55	0.6	0.4	0.9
45. Social sciences	140	70	70	1.3	1.4	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,220	405	810	11.3	8.2	13.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	25	130	1.4	0.5	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,065	385	680	9.9	7.8	11.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	80	90	1.6	1.6	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	30	70	0.9	0.6	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	140	75	2.0	2.8	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	110	60	1.6	2.2	1.0
25. Library science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	790	735	55	7.3	14.9	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	130	105	20	1.2	2.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	175	15	1.7	3.5	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	170	165	10	1.6	3.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	200	10	1.9	4.0	0.2
48. Precision production	80	80	0	0.7	1.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	140	115	2.3	2.8	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	85	95	1.6	1.7	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	55	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
Health and related fields	945	180	770	8.8	3.6	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	55	35	0.8	1.1	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	820	90	730	7.6	1.8	12.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	30	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	310	130	180	2.9	2.6	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	185	40	150	1.7	0.8	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	80	55	20	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,350	2,930	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,645	1,450	1,190	41.7	49.5	34.8
Education	300	75	220	4.7	2.6	6.4
13. Education	300	75	220	4.7	2.6	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	40	55	1.5	1.4	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	35	50	1.3	1.2	1.5
Humanities	195	65	135	3.1	2.2	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	40	0.6	0.0	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	20	0.9	1.0	0.6
54. History	35	25	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	440	110	330	6.9	3.8	9.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	140	2.3	0.3	4.1
22. Legal professions and studies	85	30	55	1.3	1.0	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	20	40	0.9	0.7	1.2
45. Social sciences	120	50	70	1.9	1.7	2.0
Business, management and public administration	805	275	535	12.7	9.4	15.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	110	2.1	0.7	3.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	675	250	425	10.6	8.5	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	45	70	1.7	1.5	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	15	50	1.0	0.5	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	10	0.4	0.7	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	125	45	2.6	4.3	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	100	35	2.2	3.4	1.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	495	450	45	7.8	15.4	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	100	75	20	1.6	2.6	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115	105	15	1.8	3.6	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	115	110	0	1.8	3.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	125	0	2.1	4.3	0.0
48. Precision production	30	30	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	85	100	2.9	2.9	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	50	85	2.0	1.7	2.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	40	20	0.9	1.4	0.6
Health and related fields	710	135	570	11.2	4.6	16.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	30	25	0.9	1.0	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	615	75	540	9.7	2.6	15.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	30	10	0.6	1.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	195	75	120	3.1	2.6	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115	20	90	1.8	0.7	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	30	20	0.9	1.0	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	10	0.4	0.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,350	2,930	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,645	1,450	1,190	41.7	49.5	34.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,705	1,480	2,230	58.3	50.5	65.2
Location of study inside Canada	3,250	1,275	1,970	51.2	43.5	57.6
Same as province or territory of residence	2,560	960	1,600	40.3	32.8	46.8
Different than province or territory of residence	685	310	375	10.8	10.6	11.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	460	210	255	7.2	7.2	7.5
Americas	120	60	60	1.9	2.0	1.8
United States of America	85	40	40	1.3	1.4	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	85	50	35	1.3	1.7	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	10	0.5	0.9	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	235	90	145	3.7	3.1	4.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	95	20	80	1.5	0.7	2.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	95	50	45	1.5	1.7	1.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Australia	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,770	4,950	5,830	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,180	2,990	3,190	...	...	...
Employed	5,195	2,525	2,670	...	...	...
Unemployed	980	465	520	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,600	1,960	2,640	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.4	60.4	54.7	57.4	60.4	54.7
Employment rate	48.2	51.0	45.8	48.2	51.0	45.8
Unemployment rate	15.9	15.6	16.3	15.9	15.6	16.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,770	4,945	5,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,590	2,000	2,590	42.6	40.4	44.5
Worked	6,180	2,945	3,235	57.4	59.6	55.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,160	1,650	1,510	29.3	33.4	25.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,025	1,300	1,720	28.1	26.3	29.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.9	39.9	40.4	40.9	39.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,175	2,985	3,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	125	85	3.3	4.2	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,970	2,865	3,110	96.7	96.0	97.5
Employee	5,400	2,575	2,825	87.4	86.3	88.6
Permanent position	4,435	2,145	2,285	71.8	71.9	71.6
Temporary position	970	425	540	15.7	14.2	16.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	290	115	180	4.7	3.9	5.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	675	315	360	10.9	10.6	11.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	570	290	285	9.2	9.7	8.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,175	2,985	3,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	125	85	3.3	4.2	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,970	2,865	3,110	96.7	96.0	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	20	40	1.0	0.7	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	745	255	490	12.1	8.5	15.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	305	235	75	4.9	7.9	2.4
3 Health occupations	630	85	545	10.2	2.8	17.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	845	305	545	13.7	10.2	17.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135	55	85	2.2	1.8	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,870	790	1,080	30.3	26.5	33.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	880	800	80	14.3	26.8	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	125	85	45	2.0	2.8	1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	375	250	120	6.1	8.4	3.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,175	2,985	3,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	125	85	3.3	4.2	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	5,970	2,865	3,110	96.7	96.0	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	70	50	1.9	2.3	1.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
23 Construction	310	275	35	5.0	9.2	1.1
31-33 Manufacturing	550	345	205	8.9	11.6	6.4
41 Wholesale trade	205	140	65	3.3	4.7	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	945	470	480	15.3	15.7	15.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	230	195	30	3.7	6.5	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	55	35	20	0.9	1.2	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	60	25	35	1.0	0.8	1.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	40	25	1.1	1.3	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	335	160	175	5.4	5.4	5.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	260	170	95	4.2	5.7	3.0
61 Educational services	440	155	285	7.1	5.2	8.9
62 Health care and social assistance	980	145	830	15.9	4.9	26.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	45	70	1.9	1.5	2.2
72 Accommodation and food services	610	215	400	9.9	7.2	12.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	230	110	125	3.7	3.7	3.9
91 Public administration	395	215	175	6.4	7.2	5.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,595	3,200	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,435	3,110	3,330	97.6	97.2	97.9
French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	110	60	50	1.7	1.9	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,595	3,200	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,580	3,195	3,380	99.8	99.8	99.4
Official languages	6,570	3,185	3,380	99.6	99.5	99.4
English	6,535	3,180	3,360	99.1	99.4	98.8
French	35	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
English and French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,595	3,200	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,465	3,120	3,350	98.0	97.5	98.5
English	30	15	20	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	65	45	25	1.0	1.4	0.7
Non-official language	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,195	2,520	2,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	705	280	425	13.6	11.1	15.9
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	605	415	190	11.6	16.5	7.1
Usual place of work	3,880	1,825	2,055	74.7	72.4	76.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,880	1,825	2,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,495	1,085	1,410	64.3	59.5	68.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	875	480	395	22.6	26.3	19.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	410	215	195	10.6	11.8	9.5
Commute to a different province or territory	95	40	55	2.4	2.2	2.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,485	2,240	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,795	1,900	1,890	84.6	84.8	84.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,375	1,710	1,665	75.3	76.3	74.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	420	190	225	9.4	8.5	10.0
Public transit	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Walked	500	250	255	11.1	11.2	11.4
Bicycle	60	55	0	1.3	2.5	0.0
Other method	125	40	85	2.8	1.8	3.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,485	2,240	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,875	1,270	1,605	64.1	56.7	71.5
15 to 29 minutes	915	540	375	20.4	24.1	16.7
30 to 44 minutes	250	150	105	5.6	6.7	4.7
45 to 59 minutes	185	115	65	4.1	5.1	2.9
60 minutes and over	250	160	90	5.6	7.1	4.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,485	2,240	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	260	190	75	5.8	8.5	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	695	385	310	15.5	17.2	13.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,130	585	550	25.2	26.1	24.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,160	475	685	25.9	21.2	30.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	500	255	245	11.1	11.4	10.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	735	355	380	16.4	15.8	16.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,010	1,030	980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	240	110	125	11.9	10.7	12.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,770	915	855	88.1	88.8	87.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,495	760	735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	200	95	115	13.4	12.5	15.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	70	80	10.0	9.2	10.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	30	3.3	3.3	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,295	670	625	86.6	88.2	85.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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