Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Mascouche, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	51,183	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	46,692	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	20,290	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	19,981	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	478.8	...	...	478.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	106.89	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	51,185	25,075	26,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10,160	5,170	4,985	19.8	20.6	19.1
0 to 4 years	2,865	1,450	1,410	5.6	5.8	5.4
5 to 9 years	3,540	1,815	1,725	6.9	7.2	6.6
10 to 14 years	3,755	1,905	1,850	7.3	7.6	7.1
15 to 64 years	32,645	16,130	16,515	63.8	64.3	63.3
15 to 19 years	2,935	1,585	1,355	5.7	6.3	5.2
20 to 24 years	2,410	1,225	1,190	4.7	4.9	4.6
25 to 29 years	2,930	1,450	1,475	5.7	5.8	5.7
30 to 34 years	3,330	1,640	1,685	6.5	6.5	6.5
35 to 39 years	3,560	1,655	1,905	7.0	6.6	7.3
40 to 44 years	4,065	1,945	2,120	7.9	7.8	8.1
45 to 49 years	3,685	1,825	1,860	7.2	7.3	7.1
50 to 54 years	3,175	1,595	1,580	6.2	6.4	6.1
55 to 59 years	3,395	1,675	1,715	6.6	6.7	6.6
60 to 64 years	3,160	1,530	1,625	6.2	6.1	6.2
65 years and over	8,385	3,775	4,605	16.4	15.1	17.6
65 to 69 years	2,695	1,280	1,415	5.3	5.1	5.4
70 to 74 years	2,290	1,040	1,250	4.5	4.1	4.8
75 to 79 years	1,510	740	770	3.0	3.0	2.9
80 to 84 years	875	455	420	1.7	1.8	1.6
85 years and over	1,015	265	755	2.0	1.1	2.9
85 to 89 years	515	180	335	1.0	0.7	1.3
90 to 94 years	455	70	380	0.9	0.3	1.5
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	20.6	19.1	19.8	20.6	19.1
15 to 64 years	63.8	64.3	63.3	63.8	64.3	63.3
65 years and over	16.4	15.1	17.6	16.4	15.1	17.6
85 years and over	2.0	1.1	2.9	2.0	1.1	2.9
Average age of the population	39.9	38.9	40.8	39.9	38.9	40.8
Median age of the population	40.4	39.6	41.2	40.4	39.6	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	19,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,790	...	...	59.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,085	...	...	5.4	...	...
Row house	700	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	865	...	...	4.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,470	...	...	27.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,040	...	...	25.2	...	...
2 persons	6,845	...	...	34.3	...	...
3 persons	3,330	...	...	16.7	...	...
4 persons	3,170	...	...	15.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,595	...	...	8.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	50,085	24,755	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	41,025	19,905	21,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	24,845	12,335	12,515	60.6	62.0	59.3
Married	12,625	6,250	6,370	30.8	31.4	30.2
Living common-law	12,225	6,080	6,140	29.8	30.5	29.1
Living common law - Never married	10,105	5,025	5,080	24.6	25.2	24.1
Living common law - Separated	130	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,785	905	880	4.4	4.5	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	205	95	110	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	16,180	7,575	8,605	39.4	38.1	40.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	11,520	6,075	5,440	28.1	30.5	25.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	525	230	295	1.3	1.2	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,335	855	1,480	5.7	4.3	7.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,800	415	1,390	4.4	2.1	6.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,095	...	...	48.2	...	...
3 persons	3,270	...	...	22.2	...	...
4 persons	3,060	...	...	20.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,290	...	...	8.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,230	...	...	83.1	...	...
Married couples	6,120	...	...	41.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,970	...	...	20.2	...	...
Without children	3,145	...	...	21.4	...	...
Common-law couples	6,110	...	...	41.5	...	...
With children⁶	3,540	...	...	24.0	...	...
Without children	2,575	...	...	17.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,490	...	...	16.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,825	...	...	12.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	665	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	50,085	24,755	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	43,140	21,395	21,740	86.1	86.4	85.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	24,460	12,185	12,270	48.8	49.2	48.4
Parents in one-parent families	2,490	665	1,820	5.0	2.7	7.2
Children⁶	16,195	8,545	7,650	32.3	34.5	30.2
In a two-parent family	12,260	6,420	5,840	24.5	25.9	23.1
In a one-parent family	3,935	2,120	1,810	7.9	8.6	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,945	3,355	3,590	13.9	13.6	14.2
Living alone	5,040	2,350	2,690	10.1	9.5	10.6
Living with other relatives⁷	875	375	505	1.7	1.5	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,030	630	395	2.1	2.5	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	19,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	13,500	...	...	67.6	...	...
Couple-family households	11,385	...	...	57.0	...	...
With children⁶	6,100	...	...	30.5	...	...
Without children	5,280	...	...	26.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,115	...	...	10.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	405	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	90	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	485	...	...	2.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	460	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	5,040	...	...	25.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	39,935	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,880	19,080	19,800	97.4	97.4	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	53,600	41,200	46,800	53,600	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,885	19,080	19,800	97.4	97.4	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	45,600	36,800	40,800	45,600	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	36,030	18,090	17,940	90.2	92.4	88.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	48,000	32,400	39,600	48,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,690	15,635	15,050	76.8	79.8	74.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	51,200	36,400	42,800	51,200	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,725	14,440	17,285	79.4	73.7	85.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,100	8,700	11,400	10,100	8,700	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,415	2,830	2,590	13.6	14.4	12.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,160	5,920	5,480	5,160	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,245	6,330	5,915	30.7	32.3	29.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,500	6,000	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	39,930	19,585	20,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,905	19,045	19,850	97.4	97.2	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,150	61,200	47,400	54,150	61,200	47,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,910	19,055	19,850	97.4	97.3	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,440	48,960	40,120	44,440	48,960	40,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,965	18,015	17,950	90.1	92.0	88.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,880	55,850	39,880	47,880	55,850	39,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,685	15,615	15,070	76.8	79.7	74.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,240	55,750	42,480	49,240	55,750	42,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,735	14,475	17,255	79.5	73.9	84.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,110	11,010	13,020	12,110	11,010	13,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,450	2,865	2,585	13.6	14.6	12.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150	5,860	8,590	7,150	5,860	8,590
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,315	6,515	5,795	30.8	33.3	28.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,580	7,130	8,080	7,580	7,130	8,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	39,935	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,765	8,200	7,565	39.5	41.9	37.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	70,500	54,800	62,000	70,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,700	76,600	60,100	68,700	76,600	60,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,070	5,935	6,140	30.2	30.3	30.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	28,200	19,800	22,800	28,200	19,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,040	37,280	26,960	32,040	37,280	26,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.8	86.4	76.2	81.8	86.4	76.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.8	74.6	68.0	71.8	74.6	68.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.2	13.7	23.9	18.2	13.7	23.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.9	1.4	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.4	5.9	5.1	4.4	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.0	5.0	4.4	4.0	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	39,930	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,050	510	545	2.6	2.6	2.7
With total income	38,880	19,075	19,800	97.4	97.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,240	990	1,250	5.8	5.2	6.3
$10,000 to $19,999	3,760	1,340	2,420	9.7	7.0	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	5,380	2,185	3,200	13.8	11.5	16.2
$30,000 to $39,999	4,630	1,975	2,655	11.9	10.4	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	4,875	2,255	2,615	12.5	11.8	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	4,335	2,120	2,215	11.1	11.1	11.2
$60,000 to $69,999	3,310	1,805	1,505	8.5	9.5	7.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,855	1,660	1,190	7.3	8.7	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,250	1,305	945	5.8	6.8	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,580	955	630	4.1	5.0	3.2
$100,000 and over	3,650	2,485	1,160	9.4	13.0	5.9
$100,000 to $149,999	2,850	1,910	945	7.3	10.0	4.8
$150,000 and over	805	580	220	2.1	3.0	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	39,930	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,045	505	545	2.6	2.6	2.7
With after-tax income	38,885	19,085	19,805	97.4	97.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,440	1,040	1,395	6.3	5.4	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	3,960	1,435	2,525	10.2	7.5	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	6,360	2,630	3,735	16.4	13.8	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	6,095	2,770	3,330	15.7	14.5	16.8
$40,000 to $49,999	6,120	3,025	3,100	15.7	15.9	15.7
$50,000 to $59,999	4,715	2,675	2,035	12.1	14.0	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,605	2,025	1,575	9.3	10.6	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,295	1,305	995	5.9	6.8	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,380	865	510	3.5	4.5	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	765	510	255	2.0	2.7	1.3
$100,000 and over	1,140	800	340	2.9	4.2	1.7
$100,000 to $124,999	700	490	210	1.8	2.6	1.1
$125,000 and over	435	310	130	1.1	1.6	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	39,930	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	9,245	3,950	5,300	23.2	20.2	26.1
With employment income	30,685	15,640	15,050	76.8	79.9	74.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,195	1,595	1,595	10.4	10.2	10.6
$5,000 to $9,999	2,015	840	1,180	6.6	5.4	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	3,405	1,410	2,000	11.1	9.0	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,925	1,185	1,745	9.5	7.6	11.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,860	1,230	1,630	9.3	7.9	10.8
$40,000 to $49,999	3,095	1,395	1,700	10.1	8.9	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,805	1,440	1,365	9.1	9.2	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,415	1,430	980	7.9	9.1	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,110	1,315	795	6.9	8.4	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,865	1,085	780	6.1	6.9	5.2
$90,000 to $99,999	1,140	715	425	3.7	4.6	2.8
$100,000 and over	2,850	1,995	855	9.3	12.8	5.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,615	1,080	540	5.3	6.9	3.6
$125,000 and over	1,230	915	315	4.0	5.9	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	39,935	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,155	18,685	19,475	95.5	95.4	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	52,800	38,800	45,200	52,800	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,185	18,680	19,505	95.6	95.4	95.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,800	34,800	39,200	44,800	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	35,450	17,770	17,680	88.8	90.7	86.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,000	33,600	40,800	50,000	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,570	15,545	15,025	76.5	79.4	73.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	52,800	36,800	43,600	52,800	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,015	12,155	15,860	70.2	62.1	78.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	4,600	8,300	7,000	4,600	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,985	2,625	2,360	12.5	13.4	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,440	4,000	5,160	4,440	4,000	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	39,930	19,585	20,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,160	18,635	19,525	95.6	95.1	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,700	59,500	44,280	51,700	59,500	44,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,185	18,635	19,545	95.6	95.1	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,200	47,320	37,320	42,200	47,320	37,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,255	17,645	17,610	88.3	90.1	86.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,600	57,150	40,040	48,600	57,150	40,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,645	15,540	15,100	76.7	79.3	74.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,320	56,450	42,000	49,320	56,450	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,085	12,165	15,920	70.3	62.1	78.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,280	10,040	9,280	8,280	10,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,080	2,780	2,300	12.7	14.2	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,740	5,335	8,450	6,740	5,335	8,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	39,935	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,680	8,160	7,520	39.3	41.7	37.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	68,000	50,800	59,600	68,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,100	73,300	56,150	65,100	73,300	56,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,435	5,600	5,835	28.6	28.6	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	36,800	23,800	28,400	36,800	23,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,000	43,880	30,360	37,000	43,880	30,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	91.0	81.6	86.8	91.0	81.6
Employment income (%)	76.6	79.2	73.4	76.6	79.2	73.4
Government transfers (%)	13.2	9.1	18.5	13.2	9.1	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.3	2.3	1.7	1.3	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	19,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	14,940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	19,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,400	...	...	105,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,500	...	...	86,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,900	...	...	55,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	45,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	14,945	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,100	...	...	122,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	100,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	605	...	...	3.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	460	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	420	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	660	...	...	3.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	705	...	...	3.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	740	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,480	...	...	7.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,410	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,450	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,340	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,065	...	...	45.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,865	...	...	14.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,140	...	...	10.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,535	...	...	12.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,520	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	0.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	655	...	...	3.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	555	...	...	2.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	580	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	880	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	890	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	930	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,820	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,865	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,660	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,615	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,445	...	...	7.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,660	...	...	33.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,940	...	...	14.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,840	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,875	...	...	9.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,065	2,985	3,085	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	52,000	42,000	46,800	52,000	42,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	43,600	36,800	40,000	43,600	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,605	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,700	...	...	121,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	99,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,900	...	...	97,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,500	...	...	81,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,600	...	...	154,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,700	...	...	83,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,060	2,945	3,115	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,500	60,150	49,120	54,500	60,150	49,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,560	47,800	41,520	44,560	47,800	41,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	50,085	24,755	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,010	6,180	5,830	24.0	25.0	23.0
0 to 5 years	3,535	1,800	1,730	7.1	7.3	6.8
18 to 64 years	30,735	15,085	15,650	61.4	60.9	61.8
65 years and over	7,340	3,490	3,850	14.7	14.1	15.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,785	1,200	1,585	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	550	295	250	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	155	80	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,270	570	700	...	...	...
65 years and over	970	340	630	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.6	4.9	6.3	5.6	4.9	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.8	4.4	4.6	4.8	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.3	4.6	4.0	4.3	4.6	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	3.8	4.5	4.1	3.8	4.5
65 years and over (%)	13.2	9.6	16.4	13.2	9.6	16.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	50,085	24,755	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,010	6,180	5,830	24.0	25.0	23.0
0 to 5 years	3,540	1,805	1,735	7.1	7.3	6.8
18 to 64 years	30,735	15,085	15,655	61.4	60.9	61.8
65 years and over	7,340	3,485	3,850	14.7	14.1	15.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,250	590	660	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	245	130	110	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	35	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	755	380	375	...	...	...
65 years and over	250	80	170	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.1	1.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5	2.5	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.4
65 years and over (%)	3.4	2.3	4.4	3.4	2.3	4.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	50,085	24,755	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	22,985	10,980	12,010	45.9	44.4	47.4
In bottom decile	2,285	1,020	1,265	4.6	4.1	5.0
In second decile	3,760	1,725	2,035	7.5	7.0	8.0
In third decile	4,955	2,340	2,615	9.9	9.5	10.3
In fourth decile	5,785	2,825	2,965	11.6	11.4	11.7
In fifth decile	6,210	3,070	3,135	12.4	12.4	12.4
In top half of the distribution	27,100	13,775	13,325	54.1	55.6	52.6
In sixth decile	6,495	3,320	3,175	13.0	13.4	12.5
In seventh decile	6,710	3,360	3,350	13.4	13.6	13.2
In eighth decile	6,055	3,065	2,985	12.1	12.4	11.8
In ninth decile	5,080	2,595	2,480	10.1	10.5	9.8
In top decile	2,765	1,425	1,340	5.5	5.8	5.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	50,085	...	...	50,085	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.260	...	...	0.260	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.364	...	...	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.223	...	...	0.223	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	50,660	24,955	25,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	290	155	135	0.6	0.6	0.5
French only	27,165	12,675	14,485	53.6	50.8	56.4
English and French	23,105	12,080	11,025	45.6	48.4	42.9
Neither English nor French	105	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	50,660	24,955	25,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,705	880	825	3.4	3.5	3.2
French	48,120	23,645	24,475	95.0	94.8	95.2
English and French	740	390	350	1.5	1.6	1.4
Neither English nor French	100	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	50,660	24,955	25,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	49,495	24,385	25,110	97.7	97.7	97.7
Official languages	46,600	22,935	23,665	92.0	91.9	92.1
English	1,165	595	570	2.3	2.4	2.2
French	45,430	22,335	23,095	89.7	89.5	89.8
Non-official languages	2,895	1,450	1,450	5.7	5.8	5.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,895	1,450	1,445	5.7	5.8	5.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	230	220	0.9	0.9	0.9
Berber languages	130	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kabyle	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamazight	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	320	160	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	320	160	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	370	175	190	0.7	0.7	0.7
Haitian Creole	300	140	160	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,790	910	885	3.5	3.6	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	55	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	55	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
German	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,560	795	765	3.1	3.2	3.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	355	195	160	0.7	0.8	0.6
Portuguese	205	100	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	165	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
Spanish	830	420	410	1.6	1.7	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,165	575	595	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	600	305	290	1.2	1.2	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	375	180	200	0.7	0.7	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	50,660	24,955	25,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	820	430	395	1.6	1.7	1.5
French	44,255	21,780	22,475	87.4	87.3	87.4
Non-official language	535	260	270	1.1	1.0	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	535	260	270	1.1	1.0	1.1
English and French	2,370	1,215	1,150	4.7	4.9	4.5
English and non-official language(s)	155	80	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	1,650	755	895	3.3	3.0	3.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	870	430	435	1.7	1.7	1.7
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	50,660	24,955	25,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	49,325	24,320	25,000	97.4	97.5	97.3
Official languages	48,200	23,755	24,445	95.1	95.2	95.1
English	1,320	675	645	2.6	2.7	2.5
French	46,880	23,080	23,800	92.5	92.5	92.6
Non-official languages	1,120	565	560	2.2	2.3	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,120	565	560	2.2	2.3	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	80	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	740	370	365	1.5	1.5	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	660	330	330	1.3	1.3	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	470	240	230	0.9	1.0	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,335	635	705	2.6	2.5	2.7
English and French	670	325	350	1.3	1.3	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	470	205	265	0.9	0.8	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	70	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	50,660	24,955	25,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	46,685	22,985	23,695	92.2	92.1	92.2
English	1,590	825	760	3.1	3.3	3.0
French	770	390	380	1.5	1.6	1.5
Non-official language	1,000	440	560	2.0	1.8	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,000	440	555	2.0	1.8	2.2
English and French	105	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	330	170	165	0.7	0.7	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	110	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	50,085	24,755	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	49,975	24,715	25,265	99.8	99.8	99.7
English	23,190	12,140	11,050	46.3	49.0	43.6
French	49,660	24,530	25,130	99.2	99.1	99.2
Non-official languages	5,960	2,880	3,080	11.9	11.6	12.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,960	2,880	3,080	11.9	11.6	12.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	900	465	430	1.8	1.9	1.7
Berber languages	190	110	80	0.4	0.4	0.3
Kabyle	145	85	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamazight	45	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	810	410	400	1.6	1.7	1.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	805	410	395	1.6	1.7	1.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	1,125	515	610	2.2	2.1	2.4
Haitian Creole	1,055	480	575	2.1	1.9	2.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	145	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,490	1,670	1,820	7.0	6.7	7.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	200	105	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	200	105	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	140	60	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,165	1,480	1,685	6.3	6.0	6.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	755	385	375	1.5	1.6	1.5
Portuguese	285	125	160	0.6	0.5	0.6
Romanian	220	100	120	0.4	0.4	0.5
Spanish	2,095	990	1,105	4.2	4.0	4.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	85	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	80	30	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,090	24,750	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	685	365	320	1.4	1.5	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	610	330	280	1.2	1.3	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	370	190	180	0.7	0.8	0.7
Métis	240	135	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	49,395	24,385	25,010	98.6	98.5	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,090	24,750	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	140	85	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	49,950	24,670	25,285	99.7	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	15,215	...	...	76.1	...	...
Renter	4,765	...	...	23.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	4,200	...	...	21.0	...	...
Not condominium	15,775	...	...	78.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,930	...	...	9.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,020	...	...	30.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,970	...	...	34.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,045	...	...	25.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,670	...	...	28.4	...	...
5 rooms	2,855	...	...	14.3	...	...
6 rooms	2,310	...	...	11.6	...	...
7 rooms	2,705	...	...	13.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,445	...	...	32.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,855	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	130	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,460	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	525	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	970	...	...	4.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,690	...	...	23.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,310	...	...	11.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,095	...	...	10.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,960	...	...	9.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,580	...	...	17.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,375	...	...	11.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,000	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	19,385	...	...	97.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	595	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	9,485	...	...	47.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,965	...	...	49.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	530	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	335	...	...	1.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,940	...	...	14.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,390	...	...	22.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,980	...	...	19.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,935	...	...	19.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,945	...	...	14.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,210	...	...	6.1	...	...
85 years and over	245	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	19,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	17,455	...	...	87.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,490	...	...	12.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,335	...	...	11.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,465	...	...	17.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,380	...	...	11.9	...	...
Not suitable only	455	...	...	2.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	495	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	16,515	...	...	82.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	19,785	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	750	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not in core need	19,035	...	...	96.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.6	...	...	76.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,374	...	...	1,374	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	368,800	...	...	368,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,765	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.4	...	...	20.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.8	...	...	9.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,014	...	...	1,014	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	50,085	24,755	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	665	300	360	1.3	1.2	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	660	295	360	1.3	1.2	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	560	245	315	1.1	1.0	1.2
Métis single ancestry	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,195	635	560	2.4	2.6	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,190	635	560	2.4	2.6	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,105	590	515	2.2	2.4	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	48,230	23,815	24,410	96.3	96.2	96.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	50,085	24,755	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	49,165	24,275	24,890	98.2	98.1	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,875	6,110	5,770	23.7	24.7	22.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	37,290	18,165	19,120	74.5	73.4	75.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	915	475	440	1.8	1.9	1.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	50,085	24,755	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	46,070	22,700	23,370	92.0	91.7	92.2
Immigrants⁸¹	3,785	1,920	1,865	7.6	7.8	7.4
Before 1980	545	300	250	1.1	1.2	1.0
1980 to 1990	390	225	165	0.8	0.9	0.7
1991 to 2000	520	260	260	1.0	1.1	1.0
2001 to 2010	1,205	595	605	2.4	2.4	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,130	545	585	2.3	2.2	2.3
2011 to 2015	695	300	400	1.4	1.2	1.6
2016 to 2021	430	250	180	0.9	1.0	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	230	130	100	0.5	0.5	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,785	1,920	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	390	190	200	10.3	9.9	10.7
5 to 14 years	805	415	395	21.3	21.6	21.2
15 to 24 years	585	280	305	15.5	14.6	16.4
25 to 44 years	1,765	930	830	46.6	48.4	44.5
45 years and over	240	105	130	6.3	5.5	7.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,785	1,920	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,555	760	795	41.1	39.6	42.6
Brazil	40	20	25	1.1	1.0	1.3
Colombia	85	30	55	2.2	1.6	2.9
El Salvador	90	45	45	2.4	2.3	2.4
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	710	350	360	18.8	18.2	19.3
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Mexico	70	30	40	1.8	1.6	2.1
Peru	80	40	35	2.1	2.1	1.9
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	80	40	40	2.1	2.1	2.1
Other places of birth in Americas	395	200	195	10.4	10.4	10.5
Europe	915	490	420	24.2	25.5	22.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	355	200	155	9.4	10.4	8.3
Germany	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	120	75	45	3.2	3.9	2.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	65	20	45	1.7	1.0	2.4
Romania	135	60	80	3.6	3.1	4.3
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
Other places of birth in Europe	150	90	55	4.0	4.7	2.9
Africa	1,080	560	520	28.5	29.2	27.9
Algeria	285	160	120	7.5	8.3	6.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	65	25	40	1.7	1.3	2.1
Egypt	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	235	115	120	6.2	6.0	6.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	485	260	225	12.8	13.5	12.1
Asia	230	100	130	6.1	5.2	7.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	15	30	1.2	0.8	1.6
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Turkey	25	10	20	0.7	0.5	1.1
China⁹⁰	25	10	20	0.7	0.5	1.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Viet Nam	20	15	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	25	20	1.2	1.3	1.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	430	250	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	155	90	65	36.0	36.0	35.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	15	3.5	0.0	8.1
Haiti	60	35	25	14.0	14.0	13.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	0	3.5	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	4.7	4.0	5.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	30	10	9.3	12.0	5.4
Europe	65	45	20	15.1	18.0	10.8
France	40	25	15	9.3	10.0	8.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	2.3	4.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	3.5	4.0	5.4
Africa	200	115	85	46.5	46.0	45.9
Algeria	20	15	0	4.7	6.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	10	10	0	2.3	4.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	15	15	7.0	6.0	8.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	30	15	15	7.0	6.0	8.1
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	12.8	14.0	13.5
Asia	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	5.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	50,085	24,750	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,200	2,110	2,095	8.4	8.5	8.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,120	1,995	2,125	8.2	8.1	8.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	41,770	20,655	21,115	83.4	83.5	83.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,240	1,620	1,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,550	820	730	47.8	50.6	45.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	680	430	255	21.0	26.5	15.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	870	400	470	26.9	24.7	29.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,140	500	640	35.2	30.9	39.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	455	235	225	14.0	14.5	13.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	90	60	30	2.8	3.7	1.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,240	1,620	1,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	430	230	195	13.3	14.2	12.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	260	175	85	8.0	10.8	5.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	30	40	2.2	1.9	2.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	135	95	40	4.2	5.9	2.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	40	15	20	1.2	0.9	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,300	1,075	1,225	71.0	66.4	75.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	50,090	24,750	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	4,870	2,395	2,470	9.7	9.7	9.8
South Asian	100	30	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese	100	35	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	2,665	1,300	1,360	5.3	5.3	5.4
Filipino	55	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab	755	390	365	1.5	1.6	1.4
Latin American	835	395	440	1.7	1.6	1.7
Southeast Asian	140	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Asian	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	125	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	45,220	22,360	22,860	90.3	90.3	90.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	50,085	24,755	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	18,555	9,150	9,405	37.0	37.0	37.1
English	770	350	420	1.5	1.4	1.7
Irish	2,145	990	1,155	4.3	4.0	4.6
Scottish	910	440	470	1.8	1.8	1.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,495	5,295	5,195	21.0	21.4	20.5
German	550	275	275	1.1	1.1	1.1
Chinese	140	45	90	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italian	2,675	1,250	1,425	5.3	5.0	5.6
Indian (India)	95	35	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	175	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
Dutch	80	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Polish	175	80	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Québécois	6,790	3,365	3,425	13.6	13.6	13.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	95	70	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Filipino	80	60	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
French Canadian	3,755	1,825	1,930	7.5	7.4	7.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	950	495	460	1.9	2.0	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	845	430	415	1.7	1.7	1.6
Métis	195	105	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	585	290	295	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norwegian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	445	185	255	0.9	0.7	1.0
American	225	90	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
Spanish	470	250	220	0.9	1.0	0.9
Swedish	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	150	60	95	0.3	0.2	0.4
Acadian	560	255	310	1.1	1.0	1.2
Pakistani	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	280	140	140	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jewish	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	265	140	130	0.5	0.6	0.5
Greek	120	75	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	205	80	135	0.4	0.3	0.5
Lebanese	165	70	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	470	225	245	0.9	0.9	1.0
Danish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	165	75	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	370	200	170	0.7	0.8	0.7
Haitian	1,660	795	860	3.3	3.2	3.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	125	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	105	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	115	30	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	325	170	160	0.6	0.7	0.6
Czech	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Syrian	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	305	175	130	0.6	0.7	0.5
Brazilian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	185	90	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquin	145	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	170	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
Congolese	115	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	125	65	65	0.2	0.3	0.3
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber	155	65	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	120	75	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	175	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Guatemalan	90	30	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	90	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	30	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	70	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	130	55	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	180	85	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Norman	120	40	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Honduran	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	50,090	24,750	25,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	34,195	16,515	17,680	68.3	66.7	69.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,770	1,305	1,465	5.5	5.3	5.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	270	155	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Catholic	29,790	14,420	15,370	59.5	58.3	60.7
Christian Orthodox	255	125	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	195	70	125	0.4	0.3	0.5
Latter Day Saints	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	615	315	300	1.2	1.3	1.2
Hindu	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	995	505	490	2.0	2.0	1.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	140	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	14,640	7,605	7,035	29.2	30.7	27.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	49,515	24,475	25,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	43,805	21,790	22,010	88.5	89.0	87.9
Movers	5,705	2,680	3,025	11.5	10.9	12.1
Non-migrants	2,380	1,050	1,325	4.8	4.3	5.3
Migrants	3,330	1,630	1,700	6.7	6.7	6.8
Internal migrants	3,290	1,620	1,670	6.6	6.6	6.7
Intraprovincial migrants	3,215	1,585	1,630	6.5	6.5	6.5
Interprovincial migrants	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
External migrants	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	47,175	23,275	23,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	27,775	14,145	13,630	58.9	60.8	57.0
Movers	19,405	9,135	10,270	41.1	39.2	43.0
Non-migrants	5,500	2,485	3,015	11.7	10.7	12.6
Migrants	13,900	6,645	7,255	29.5	28.5	30.4
Internal migrants	13,435	6,410	7,025	28.5	27.5	29.4
Intraprovincial migrants	13,320	6,360	6,960	28.2	27.3	29.1
Interprovincial migrants	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	465	235	230	1.0	1.0	1.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	39,935	19,585	20,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,765	4,450	3,310	19.4	22.7	16.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	32,170	15,130	17,035	80.6	77.3	83.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,310	13,305	14,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,520	2,225	1,295	12.9	16.7	9.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,790	11,080	12,710	87.1	83.3	90.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	39,930	19,585	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,650	3,675	2,980	16.7	18.8	14.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,710	4,640	5,070	24.3	23.7	24.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,570	11,275	12,300	59.0	57.6	60.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,375	9,030	8,350	43.5	46.1	41.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,475	5,230	3,245	21.2	26.7	15.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,820	2,955	2,865	14.6	15.1	14.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,650	2,275	380	6.6	11.6	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,365	3,150	4,210	18.4	16.1	20.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,540	650	890	3.9	3.3	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,190	2,245	3,945	15.5	11.5	19.4
Bachelor's degree	4,530	1,645	2,885	11.3	8.4	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	570	195	380	1.4	1.0	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	35	85	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	885	325	560	2.2	1.7	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,305	13,310	14,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,725	1,680	1,045	10.0	12.6	7.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,390	2,595	2,790	19.7	19.5	19.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,190	9,025	10,160	70.3	67.8	72.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,725	7,125	6,600	50.3	53.5	47.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,800	4,185	2,620	24.9	31.4	18.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,585	2,285	2,295	16.8	17.2	16.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,210	1,895	320	8.1	14.2	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,685	2,435	3,250	20.8	18.3	23.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,245	510	730	4.6	3.8	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,465	1,900	3,560	20.0	14.3	25.4
Bachelor's degree	3,985	1,390	2,595	14.6	10.4	18.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	510	165	340	1.9	1.2	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	30	75	0.4	0.2	0.5
Master's degree	800	285	515	2.9	2.1	3.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	35	0.2	0.3	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	39,930	19,590	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	16,360	8,310	8,050	41.0	42.4	39.6
Education	1,750	290	1,455	4.4	1.5	7.2
13. Education	1,750	290	1,455	4.4	1.5	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	720	310	415	1.8	1.6	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	115	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	575	195	380	1.4	1.0	1.9
Humanities	875	330	545	2.2	1.7	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	580	245	330	1.5	1.3	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	130	10	125	0.3	0.1	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,960	510	1,445	4.9	2.6	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	65	155	0.6	0.3	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	425	20	410	1.1	0.1	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	400	80	320	1.0	0.4	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	370	100	270	0.9	0.5	1.3
45. Social sciences	475	240	240	1.2	1.2	1.2
Business, management and public administration	5,300	1,750	3,550	13.3	8.9	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	330	45	285	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,965	1,705	3,260	12.4	8.7	16.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	605	280	325	1.5	1.4	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	50	130	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	160	70	95	0.4	0.4	0.5
40. Physical sciences	115	75	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	835	600	230	2.1	3.1	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	740	575	170	1.9	2.9	0.8
25. Library science	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,835	5,340	490	14.6	27.3	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	165	90	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	605	515	85	1.5	2.6	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,055	910	145	2.6	4.6	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,850	1,775	80	4.6	9.1	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,295	1,240	60	3.2	6.3	0.3
48. Precision production	865	805	55	2.2	4.1	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	350	150	205	0.9	0.8	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	285	110	175	0.7	0.6	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	3,085	445	2,635	7.7	2.3	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	170	85	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,850	355	2,500	7.1	1.8	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,260	1,265	995	5.7	6.5	4.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	950	225	725	2.4	1.1	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	840	615	225	2.1	3.1	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	465	420	45	1.2	2.1	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,310	13,305	14,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,120	4,280	3,835	29.7	32.2	27.4
Education	1,400	205	1,195	5.1	1.5	8.5
13. Education	1,400	205	1,195	5.1	1.5	8.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	570	225	350	2.1	1.7	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	85	30	0.4	0.6	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	455	135	320	1.7	1.0	2.3
Humanities	600	210	390	2.2	1.6	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	355	140	215	1.3	1.1	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	105	0	100	0.4	0.0	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,670	415	1,255	6.1	3.1	9.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	55	145	0.7	0.4	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	10	370	1.4	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	350	70	285	1.3	0.5	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	305	80	215	1.1	0.6	1.5
45. Social sciences	385	185	205	1.4	1.4	1.5
Business, management and public administration	4,360	1,405	2,955	16.0	10.6	21.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	40	250	1.0	0.3	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,065	1,365	2,700	14.9	10.3	19.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	380	160	220	1.4	1.2	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	150	35	115	0.5	0.3	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	55	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	75	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	675	495	175	2.5	3.7	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	615	480	130	2.3	3.6	0.9
25. Library science	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,790	4,355	440	17.5	32.7	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	145	80	65	0.5	0.6	0.5
14. Engineering	540	460	80	2.0	3.5	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	855	725	130	3.1	5.4	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,520	1,450	70	5.6	10.9	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,035	985	55	3.8	7.4	0.4
48. Precision production	690	650	45	2.5	4.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	315	125	185	1.2	0.9	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	250	90	160	0.9	0.7	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	2,605	390	2,215	9.5	2.9	15.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	145	75	80	0.5	0.6	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,400	310	2,090	8.8	2.3	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,830	1,045	780	6.7	7.9	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	710	155	555	2.6	1.2	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	720	525	195	2.6	3.9	1.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	390	360	30	1.4	2.7	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	27,310	13,305	14,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,120	4,280	3,835	29.7	32.2	27.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	19,190	9,030	10,165	70.3	67.9	72.6
Location of study inside Canada	18,165	8,510	9,650	66.5	64.0	68.9
Same as province or territory of residence	17,985	8,420	9,565	65.9	63.3	68.3
Different than province or territory of residence	180	90	85	0.7	0.7	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,025	515	515	3.8	3.9	3.7
Americas	305	145	160	1.1	1.1	1.1
United States of America	70	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexico	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuba	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	50	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Peru	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Europe	345	200	145	1.3	1.5	1.0
Belgium	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
France	185	105	85	0.7	0.8	0.6
Germany	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	30	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Africa	280	125	165	1.0	0.9	1.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	100	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Morocco	65	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tunisia	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	95	35	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Asia	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	39,930	19,585	20,345	...	...	...
In the labour force	28,395	14,290	14,100	...	...	...
Employed	26,965	13,545	13,415	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,430	745	685	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	11,540	5,290	6,245	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.1	73.0	69.3	71.1	73.0	69.3
Employment rate	67.5	69.2	65.9	67.5	69.2	65.9
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.2	4.9	5.0	5.2	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	39,930	19,590	20,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	11,465	5,100	6,370	28.7	26.0	31.3
Worked	28,465	14,490	13,975	71.3	74.0	68.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,995	8,355	7,635	40.1	42.6	37.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	12,470	6,130	6,345	31.2	31.3	31.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.2	42.6	42.9	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	28,395	14,295	14,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	410	185	220	1.4	1.3	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	27,985	14,110	13,880	98.6	98.7	98.4
Employee	24,740	12,080	12,655	87.1	84.5	89.7
Permanent position	21,660	10,770	10,885	76.3	75.3	77.2
Temporary position	3,080	1,310	1,770	10.8	9.2	12.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	940	335	605	3.3	2.3	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,140	975	1,165	7.5	6.8	8.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,245	2,030	1,225	11.4	14.2	8.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	28,395	14,295	14,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	410	185	220	1.4	1.3	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	27,985	14,110	13,880	98.6	98.7	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	570	435	140	2.0	3.0	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,125	1,270	3,855	18.0	8.9	27.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,790	1,395	395	6.3	9.8	2.8
3 Health occupations	2,335	350	1,975	8.2	2.4	14.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,755	1,020	2,735	13.2	7.1	19.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	620	285	335	2.2	2.0	2.4
6 Sales and service occupations	6,585	3,005	3,580	23.2	21.0	25.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,850	5,325	520	20.6	37.3	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	240	180	60	0.8	1.3	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,125	835	290	4.0	5.8	2.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	28,395	14,295	14,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	410	185	220	1.4	1.3	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	27,985	14,110	13,880	98.6	98.7	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	85	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	75	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
22 Utilities	230	135	90	0.8	0.9	0.6
23 Construction	3,380	2,840	535	11.9	19.9	3.8
31-33 Manufacturing	2,715	1,935	775	9.6	13.5	5.5
41 Wholesale trade	1,085	715	365	3.8	5.0	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	3,710	1,760	1,955	13.1	12.3	13.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,220	900	320	4.3	6.3	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	420	255	160	1.5	1.8	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	1,045	365	680	3.7	2.6	4.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	190	170	1.3	1.3	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,745	850	895	6.1	5.9	6.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,010	615	395	3.6	4.3	2.8
61 Educational services	2,075	475	1,595	7.3	3.3	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	3,990	525	3,465	14.1	3.7	24.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	265	135	130	0.9	0.9	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	1,175	530	645	4.1	3.7	4.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,310	660	650	4.6	4.6	4.6
91 Public administration	2,005	1,025	980	7.1	7.2	6.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	29,770	15,030	14,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	595	360	235	2.0	2.4	1.6
French	22,985	11,260	11,725	77.2	74.9	79.5
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	6,000	3,325	2,675	20.2	22.1	18.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	140	65	80	0.5	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	29,770	15,030	14,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	28,805	14,495	14,305	96.8	96.4	97.0
Official languages	28,785	14,495	14,290	96.7	96.4	96.9
English	1,310	790	525	4.4	5.3	3.6
French	27,475	13,705	13,770	92.3	91.2	93.4
Non-official languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	965	530	435	3.2	3.5	3.0
English and French	915	515	405	3.1	3.4	2.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	29,770	15,030	14,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	24,525	12,135	12,390	82.4	80.7	84.0
English	4,400	2,400	2,000	14.8	16.0	13.6
French	725	435	290	2.4	2.9	2.0
Non-official language	35	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	26,965	13,550	13,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,420	1,965	2,455	16.4	14.5	18.3
Worked outside Canada	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No fixed workplace address	3,745	2,920	820	13.9	21.5	6.1
Usual place of work	18,785	8,650	10,135	69.7	63.8	75.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,785	8,650	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,670	1,395	2,270	19.5	16.1	22.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,855	1,510	2,335	20.5	17.5	23.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,255	5,735	5,520	59.9	66.3	54.5
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	22,530	11,570	10,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	20,960	10,930	10,025	93.0	94.5	91.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	19,970	10,550	9,420	88.6	91.2	86.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	990	385	605	4.4	3.3	5.5
Public transit	605	230	370	2.7	2.0	3.4
Walked	530	165	360	2.4	1.4	3.3
Bicycle	95	65	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Other method	340	170	165	1.5	1.5	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	22,530	11,570	10,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,560	1,825	2,735	20.2	15.8	25.0
15 to 29 minutes	7,420	3,555	3,870	32.9	30.7	35.3
30 to 44 minutes	6,160	3,665	2,495	27.3	31.7	22.8
45 to 59 minutes	2,445	1,400	1,045	10.9	12.1	9.5
60 minutes and over	1,940	1,130	810	8.6	9.8	7.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	22,530	11,570	10,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,160	2,525	635	14.0	21.8	5.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,590	2,550	2,045	20.4	22.0	18.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,575	2,210	3,365	24.7	19.1	30.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,570	1,345	2,225	15.8	11.6	20.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,035	775	1,260	9.0	6.7	11.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,595	2,170	1,430	16.0	18.8	13.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	12,205	6,280	5,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,470	740	730	12.0	11.8	12.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,730	5,540	5,190	87.9	88.2	87.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	9,085	4,705	4,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,130	575	560	12.4	12.2	12.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	720	360	360	7.9	7.7	8.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	410	215	195	4.5	4.6	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,955	4,130	3,830	87.6	87.8	87.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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