Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Steinbach, City (CY)More information: Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,806	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	16,022^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	11.1	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,092	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,836	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	474.1	...	...	474.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	37.56	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,805	8,665	9,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,785	1,965	1,820	21.3	22.7	19.9
0 to 4 years	1,265	650	610	7.1	7.5	6.7
5 to 9 years	1,290	650	645	7.2	7.5	7.1
10 to 14 years	1,230	665	565	6.9	7.7	6.2
15 to 64 years	10,960	5,405	5,560	61.6	62.4	60.8
15 to 19 years	1,090	545	540	6.1	6.3	5.9
20 to 24 years	1,330	665	660	7.5	7.7	7.2
25 to 29 years	1,260	655	605	7.1	7.6	6.6
30 to 34 years	1,225	615	605	6.9	7.1	6.6
35 to 39 years	1,275	610	660	7.2	7.0	7.2
40 to 44 years	1,130	565	565	6.3	6.5	6.2
45 to 49 years	1,000	485	510	5.6	5.6	5.6
50 to 54 years	880	420	460	4.9	4.8	5.0
55 to 59 years	940	435	510	5.3	5.0	5.6
60 to 64 years	835	405	430	4.7	4.7	4.7
65 years and over	3,055	1,300	1,755	17.2	15.0	19.2
65 to 69 years	825	380	445	4.6	4.4	4.9
70 to 74 years	725	310	415	4.1	3.6	4.5
75 to 79 years	595	255	335	3.3	2.9	3.7
80 to 84 years	430	180	255	2.4	2.1	2.8
85 years and over	475	175	305	2.7	2.0	3.3
85 to 89 years	290	110	180	1.6	1.3	2.0
90 to 94 years	140	45	90	0.8	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.3	22.7	19.9	21.3	22.7	19.9
15 to 64 years	61.6	62.4	60.8	61.6	62.4	60.8
65 years and over	17.2	15.0	19.2	17.2	15.0	19.2
85 years and over	2.7	2.0	3.3	2.7	2.0	3.3
Average age of the population	38.2	36.7	39.7	38.2	36.7	39.7
Median age of the population	36.0	34.0	37.6	36.0	34.0	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,840	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,750	...	...	54.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	625	...	...	9.1	...	...
Row house	295	...	...	4.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	260	...	...	3.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,490	...	...	21.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	250	...	...	3.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	160	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,825	...	...	26.7	...	...
2 persons	2,335	...	...	34.2	...	...
3 persons	910	...	...	13.3	...	...
4 persons	955	...	...	14.0	...	...
5 or more persons	815	...	...	11.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,580	8,570	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,020	6,700	7,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,490	4,250	4,245	60.6	63.4	58.0
Married	7,740	3,880	3,865	55.2	57.9	52.8
Living common-law	755	370	385	5.4	5.5	5.3
Living common law - Never married	570	280	285	4.1	4.2	3.9
Living common law - Separated	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	120	55	60	0.9	0.8	0.8
Living common law - Widowed	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not married and not living common-law	5,525	2,455	3,070	39.4	36.6	41.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,685	1,925	1,755	26.3	28.7	24.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	375	160	210	2.7	2.4	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	625	235	390	4.5	3.5	5.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	850	130	715	6.1	1.9	9.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,785	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,325	...	...	48.6	...	...
3 persons	885	...	...	18.5	...	...
4 persons	910	...	...	19.0	...	...
5 or more persons	660	...	...	13.8	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,785	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,150	...	...	86.7	...	...
Married couples	3,775	...	...	78.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,960	...	...	41.0	...	...
Without children	1,810	...	...	37.8	...	...
Common-law couples	375	...	...	7.8	...	...
With children⁶	185	...	...	3.9	...	...
Without children	190	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	635	...	...	13.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	515	...	...	10.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	120	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,535	7,225	7,310	82.7	84.3	81.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,300	4,140	4,155	47.2	48.3	46.1
Parents in one-parent families	635	120	510	3.6	1.4	5.7
Children⁶	5,595	2,960	2,640	31.8	34.5	29.3
In a two-parent family	4,500	2,385	2,120	25.6	27.8	23.5
In a one-parent family	1,100	575	520	6.3	6.7	5.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,045	1,350	1,700	17.3	15.7	18.9
Living alone	1,825	685	1,135	10.4	8.0	12.6
Living with other relatives⁷	485	225	260	2.8	2.6	2.9
Living with non-relatives only	735	435	300	4.2	5.1	3.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,270	...	...	62.5	...	...
Couple-family households	3,745	...	...	54.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,920	...	...	28.1	...	...
Without children	1,825	...	...	26.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	525	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	280	...	...	4.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	320	...	...	4.7	...	...
One-person households	1,825	...	...	26.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,310	6,375	6,935	96.5	96.4	96.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,400	29,800	36,400	44,400	29,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,325	6,385	6,940	96.6	96.6	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,800	27,600	32,800	38,800	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,970	5,955	6,010	86.8	90.1	83.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	40,800	21,000	30,800	40,800	21,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,805	5,195	4,605	71.1	78.6	64.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	42,000	25,200	33,600	42,000	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,270	5,845	6,420	89.0	88.4	89.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,700	3,360	10,700	7,700	3,360	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,550	755	795	11.2	11.4	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,040	4,120	3,960	4,040	4,120	3,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,750	1,175	1,575	19.9	17.8	21.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,375	6,440	6,930	97.0	97.4	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960	53,600	35,000	43,960	53,600	35,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,395	6,440	6,955	97.1	97.4	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,400	44,560	30,760	37,400	44,560	30,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,965	5,990	5,970	86.8	90.6	83.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,080	50,040	28,080	39,080	50,040	28,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,805	5,220	4,580	71.1	79.0	63.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,320	49,520	29,800	40,320	49,520	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,385	5,915	6,465	89.8	89.5	90.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,730	7,710	11,580	9,730	7,710	11,580
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,460	745	715	10.6	11.3	10.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,890	5,710	5,800	5,890	5,710
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,810	1,160	1,655	20.4	17.5	23.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,830	6,460	7,090	6,830	6,460	7,090
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,790	6,605	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,960	3,185	1,775	36.0	48.2	24.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	53,200	41,200	48,800	53,200	41,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,750	62,350	46,680	56,750	62,350	46,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,855	1,630	2,225	28.0	24.7	31.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	23,400	16,200	18,600	23,400	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,500	32,360	20,440	25,500	32,360	20,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.6	86.8	69.2	79.6	86.8	69.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.2	74.8	56.2	67.2	74.8	56.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.5	13.2	30.9	20.5	13.2	30.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.7	1.4	1.3	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.0	6.9	4.6	3.0	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.2	4.8	3.3	2.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	480	230	250	3.5	3.5	3.5
With total income	13,310	6,380	6,930	96.5	96.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,165	420	740	8.8	6.6	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,900	670	1,230	14.3	10.5	17.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,400	880	1,525	18.0	13.8	22.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,900	815	1,090	14.3	12.8	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,800	880	920	13.5	13.8	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,290	765	520	9.7	12.0	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	875	570	300	6.6	8.9	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	580	370	205	4.4	5.8	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	430	300	135	3.2	4.7	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	290	195	90	2.2	3.1	1.3
$100,000 and over	685	510	175	5.1	8.0	2.5
$100,000 to $149,999	450	335	120	3.4	5.3	1.7
$150,000 and over	230	180	55	1.7	2.8	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	465	225	245	3.4	3.4	3.4
With after-tax income	13,320	6,385	6,935	96.6	96.6	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,225	445	785	9.2	7.0	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,020	710	1,310	15.2	11.1	18.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,760	1,050	1,710	20.7	16.4	24.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,420	1,115	1,305	18.2	17.5	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,910	1,055	850	14.3	16.5	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,145	725	425	8.6	11.4	6.1
$60,000 to $69,999	705	480	220	5.3	7.5	3.2
$70,000 to $79,999	450	290	165	3.4	4.5	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	260	190	70	2.0	3.0	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	120	90	25	0.9	1.4	0.4
$100,000 and over	310	240	70	2.3	3.8	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	150	110	40	1.1	1.7	0.6
$125,000 and over	160	130	35	1.2	2.0	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,985	1,415	2,570	28.9	21.4	35.8
With employment income	9,800	5,195	4,610	71.1	78.6	64.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,125	465	660	11.5	9.0	14.3
$5,000 to $9,999	775	295	475	7.9	5.7	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,325	515	810	13.5	9.9	17.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,210	510	700	12.3	9.8	15.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,260	635	625	12.9	12.2	13.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,195	690	505	12.2	13.3	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	865	575	295	8.8	11.1	6.4
$60,000 to $69,999	620	440	175	6.3	8.5	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	400	295	110	4.1	5.7	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	290	215	70	3.0	4.1	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	230	160	75	2.3	3.1	1.6
$100,000 and over	500	395	105	5.1	7.6	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	270	210	60	2.8	4.0	1.3
$125,000 and over	235	190	45	2.4	3.7	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,915	6,175	6,740	93.7	93.4	93.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	42,000	27,000	33,600	42,000	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,915	6,175	6,740	93.7	93.4	93.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,800	25,400	30,200	36,800	25,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,730	5,800	5,940	85.1	87.7	82.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	40,400	22,400	30,600	40,400	22,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,695	5,075	4,620	70.3	76.8	64.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	40,800	25,400	33,200	40,800	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,445	5,480	5,960	83.0	82.9	83.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,000	1,320	7,650	4,000	1,320	7,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,190	605	590	8.6	9.2	8.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,600	4,720	4,480	4,600	4,720	4,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,935	6,210	6,730	93.8	93.9	93.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	51,250	32,400	41,440	51,250	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,935	6,210	6,730	93.8	93.9	93.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,360	42,680	28,600	35,360	42,680	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,730	5,845	5,875	85.1	88.4	81.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,280	48,840	27,760	38,280	48,840	27,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,675	5,105	4,570	70.2	77.2	63.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,520	48,680	29,320	39,520	48,680	29,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,525	5,530	5,990	83.6	83.7	83.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,580	5,890	9,130	7,580	5,890	9,130
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,155	575	585	8.4	8.7	8.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,100	6,220	5,980	6,100	6,220	5,980
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,790	6,605	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,885	3,145	1,740	35.4	47.6	24.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,600	50,400	38,800	45,600	50,400	38,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,450	58,700	44,000	53,450	58,700	44,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,535	1,460	2,075	25.6	22.1	28.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	29,800	20,200	22,600	29,800	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,480	37,080	22,420	28,480	37,080	22,420
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.8	89.8	75.0	83.8	89.8	75.0
Employment income (%)	71.4	78.0	61.4	71.4	78.0	61.4
Government transfers (%)	16.3	10.2	25.1	16.3	10.2	25.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,825	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	31,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,015	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	73,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,825	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,320	...	...	45,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,520	...	...	38,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	350	...	...	5.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	320	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	340	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	325	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	535	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	575	...	...	8.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	480	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	445	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,030	...	...	29.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	790	...	...	11.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	475	...	...	6.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	475	...	...	6.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	385	...	...	5.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	280	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	400	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	365	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	695	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	685	...	...	10.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	620	...	...	9.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	535	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	410	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,430	...	...	20.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	685	...	...	10.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	5.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	370	...	...	5.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,800	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,885	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,555	1,120	1,435	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	36,800	29,800	32,400	36,800	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	32,800	28,600	30,200	32,800	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	100,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,160	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,700	...	...	118,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,600	...	...	100,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,200	...	...	58,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,000	...	...	53,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,555	1,045	1,500	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,920	48,000	37,680	41,920	48,000	37,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,840	39,600	33,200	35,840	39,600	33,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,580	8,570	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,430	2,290	2,145	25.2	26.7	23.8
0 to 5 years	1,520	785	735	8.6	9.2	8.2
18 to 64 years	10,245	5,050	5,200	58.3	58.9	57.7
65 years and over	2,905	1,240	1,665	16.5	14.5	18.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,585	1,100	1,485	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	770	395	375	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	325	175	155	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,205	520	690	...	...	...
65 years and over	610	185	420	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.7	12.8	16.5	14.7	12.8	16.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.4	17.2	17.6	17.4	17.2	17.6
0 to 5 years (%)	21.5	22.0	21.2	21.5	22.0	21.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	10.3	13.2	11.8	10.3	13.2
65 years and over (%)	21.1	15.3	25.4	21.1	15.3	25.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,430	2,285	2,140	25.2	26.6	23.8
0 to 5 years	1,520	785	735	8.6	9.2	8.2
18 to 64 years	10,245	5,045	5,200	58.3	58.8	57.7
65 years and over	2,900	1,235	1,660	16.5	14.4	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	720	340	385	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	160	75	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	515	245	270	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.0	4.3	4.1	4.0	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.2	4.1	3.6	3.2	4.1
0 to 5 years (%)	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.8	5.2	5.0	4.8	5.2
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,580	8,570	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,145	5,795	6,355	69.1	67.6	70.6
In bottom decile	2,125	930	1,195	12.1	10.9	13.3
In second decile	2,850	1,295	1,560	16.2	15.1	17.3
In third decile	2,740	1,365	1,375	15.6	15.9	15.3
In fourth decile	2,375	1,165	1,210	13.5	13.6	13.4
In fifth decile	2,055	1,040	1,020	11.7	12.1	11.3
In top half of the distribution	5,430	2,780	2,650	30.9	32.4	29.4
In sixth decile	1,510	770	735	8.6	9.0	8.2
In seventh decile	1,375	720	650	7.8	8.4	7.2
In eighth decile	1,085	535	545	6.2	6.2	6.1
In ninth decile	810	420	395	4.6	4.9	4.4
In top decile	645	330	320	3.7	3.9	3.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,575	...	...	17,575	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308	...	...	0.308	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	17,615	8,590	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	16,655	8,145	8,505	94.6	94.8	94.2
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	760	340	415	4.3	4.0	4.6
Neither English nor French	195	90	100	1.1	1.0	1.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	17,615	8,590	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,105	8,335	8,770	97.1	97.0	97.2
French	300	150	145	1.7	1.7	1.6
English and French	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	180	90	95	1.0	1.0	1.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	17,615	8,590	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,945	8,270	8,680	96.2	96.3	96.2
Official languages	11,610	5,735	5,870	65.9	66.8	65.0
English	11,305	5,590	5,720	64.2	65.1	63.4
French	300	145	155	1.7	1.7	1.7
Non-official languages	5,335	2,530	2,805	30.3	29.5	31.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,305	2,515	2,785	30.1	29.3	30.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,110	540	565	6.3	6.3	6.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Fijian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	930	465	465	5.3	5.4	5.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,960	1,840	2,120	22.5	21.4	23.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	160	195	2.0	1.9	2.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	355	160	195	2.0	1.9	2.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	200	100	100	1.1	1.2	1.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	135	55	80	0.8	0.6	0.9
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	3,050	1,400	1,650	17.3	16.3	18.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,670	775	900	9.5	9.0	10.0
German	1,675	775	900	9.5	9.0	10.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,360	620	740	7.7	7.2	8.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	185	85	100	1.1	1.0	1.1
Low Saxon	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Plautdietsch	1,105	505	605	6.3	5.9	6.7
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	380	195	185	2.2	2.3	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	380	200	185	2.2	2.3	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	90	50	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hindi	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	130	125	1.5	1.5	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	70	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	665	320	345	3.8	3.7	3.8
English and French	80	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	495	240	255	2.8	2.8	2.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	75	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	17,615	8,590	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,115	6,400	6,715	74.5	74.5	74.4
French	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	925	490	435	5.3	5.7	4.8
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	920	490	435	5.2	5.7	4.8
English and French	145	65	80	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	3,195	1,520	1,675	18.1	17.7	18.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	135	70	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	17,615	8,590	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,020	8,295	8,725	96.6	96.6	96.7
Official languages	14,795	7,160	7,640	84.0	83.4	84.7
English	14,720	7,125	7,595	83.6	82.9	84.2
French	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-official languages	2,225	1,140	1,085	12.6	13.3	12.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,215	1,140	1,080	12.6	13.3	12.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	730	370	365	4.1	4.3	4.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Fijian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	625	320	310	3.5	3.7	3.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,335	680	660	7.6	7.9	7.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	75	90	1.0	0.9	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	170	75	90	1.0	0.9	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	120	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	730	370	360	4.1	4.3	4.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	495	255	235	2.8	3.0	2.6
German	495	260	235	2.8	3.0	2.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	225	105	120	1.3	1.2	1.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	190	85	100	1.1	1.0	1.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	340	180	160	1.9	2.1	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	335	175	160	1.9	2.0	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	85	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	120	110	1.3	1.4	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	595	295	300	3.4	3.4	3.3
English and French	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	535	265	270	3.0	3.1	3.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	17,610	8,590	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,590	7,160	7,430	82.9	83.4	82.3
English	980	485	490	5.6	5.6	5.4
French	100	50	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	1,545	705	840	8.8	8.2	9.3
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous	1,535	705	830	8.7	8.2	9.2
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	210	100	105	1.2	1.2	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	155	80	75	0.9	0.9	0.8
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,575	8,575	9,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,405	8,470	8,930	99.0	98.8	99.2
English	17,380	8,460	8,920	98.9	98.7	99.1
French	770	340	435	4.4	4.0	4.8
Non-official languages	6,210	2,870	3,335	35.3	33.5	37.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,175	2,860	3,320	35.1	33.4	36.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,350	645	705	7.7	7.5	7.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cebuano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Fijian	30	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,275	615	665	7.3	7.2	7.4
Waray-Waray	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,570	2,085	2,480	26.0	24.3	27.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	450	200	250	2.6	2.3	2.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	450	200	250	2.6	2.3	2.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	300	145	160	1.7	1.7	1.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	145	50	90	0.8	0.6	1.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	3,490	1,585	1,910	19.9	18.5	21.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	2,315	1,025	1,295	13.2	12.0	14.4
German	2,315	1,025	1,295	13.2	12.0	14.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,550	755	800	8.8	8.8	8.9
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	320	160	160	1.8	1.9	1.8
Low Saxon	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Plautdietsch	1,210	590	620	6.9	6.9	6.9
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	440	230	215	2.5	2.7	2.4
Indo-Aryan languages	440	230	215	2.5	2.7	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	70	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Hindi	190	105	85	1.1	1.2	0.9
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315	150	165	1.8	1.7	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	510	265	250	2.9	3.1	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	450	225	220	2.6	2.6	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	100	45	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,755	865	890	10.0	10.1	9.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,735	855	875	9.9	10.0	9.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	550	255	300	3.1	3.0	3.3
Métis	1,170	595	575	6.7	6.9	6.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	15,825	7,710	8,115	90.0	89.9	90.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	430	200	230	2.4	2.3	2.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,150	8,380	8,770	97.6	97.7	97.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,220	...	...	61.7	...	...
Renter	2,615	...	...	38.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	895	...	...	13.1	...	...
Not condominium	5,945	...	...	87.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	750	...	...	11.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,190	...	...	32.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,870	...	...	27.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,000	...	...	29.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,135	...	...	31.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,220	...	...	17.8	...	...
6 rooms	945	...	...	13.8	...	...
7 rooms	730	...	...	10.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,805	...	...	26.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,640	...	...	97.1	...	...
More than one person per room	195	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,515	...	...	95.3	...	...
Not suitable	325	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	585	...	...	8.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,490	...	...	21.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	735	...	...	10.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	795	...	...	11.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	525	...	...	7.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	985	...	...	14.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	860	...	...	12.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	870	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,630	...	...	97.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	205	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,285	...	...	48.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,225	...	...	47.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	320	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	335	...	...	4.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,175	...	...	17.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,305	...	...	19.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,080	...	...	15.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,040	...	...	15.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	870	...	...	12.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	720	...	...	10.5	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,355	...	...	78.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,480	...	...	21.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,385	...	...	20.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,890	...	...	27.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,380	...	...	20.2	...	...
Not suitable only	255	...	...	3.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	135	...	...	2.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,950	...	...	72.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	565	...	...	8.4	...	...
Not in core need	6,170	...	...	91.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,215	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	67.4	...	...	67.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,160	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,193	...	...	1,193	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	310,400	...	...	310,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,620	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.5	...	...	14.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.5	...	...	38.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.4	...	...	18.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,065	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,580	8,570	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	575	255	315	3.3	3.0	3.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	555	250	305	3.2	2.9	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	280	100	180	1.6	1.2	2.0
Métis single ancestry	275	145	125	1.6	1.7	1.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,210	665	550	6.9	7.8	6.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,160	645	515	6.6	7.5	5.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	520	285	230	3.0	3.3	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	630	350	285	3.6	4.1	3.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	15,790	7,655	8,140	89.8	89.3	90.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,770	7,725	8,035	89.7	90.1	89.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,085	2,135	1,950	23.2	24.9	21.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,680	5,595	6,085	66.5	65.2	67.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,810	845	970	10.3	9.9	10.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,585	6,650	6,935	77.3	77.6	77.0
Immigrants⁸¹	3,745	1,815	1,925	21.3	21.2	21.4
Before 1980	445	210	235	2.5	2.4	2.6
1980 to 1990	200	110	95	1.1	1.3	1.1
1991 to 2000	265	145	125	1.5	1.7	1.4
2001 to 2010	1,170	550	615	6.7	6.4	6.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,655	805	855	9.4	9.4	9.5
2011 to 2015	695	335	365	4.0	3.9	4.1
2016 to 2021	960	470	490	5.5	5.5	5.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	255	110	140	1.5	1.3	1.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,745	1,810	1,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	435	220	215	11.6	12.2	11.1
5 to 14 years	960	440	520	25.6	24.3	26.9
15 to 24 years	615	300	315	16.4	16.6	16.3
25 to 44 years	1,490	730	760	39.8	40.3	39.4
45 years and over	245	125	115	6.5	6.9	6.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,745	1,810	1,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	995	480	515	26.6	26.5	26.7
Brazil	25	10	10	0.7	0.6	0.5
Colombia	40	15	20	1.1	0.8	1.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	270	110	160	7.2	6.1	8.3
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	115	50	65	3.1	2.8	3.4
Other places of birth in Americas	540	280	255	14.4	15.5	13.2
Europe	795	370	430	21.2	20.4	22.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	355	140	220	9.5	7.7	11.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Poland	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	175	80	100	4.7	4.4	5.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	60	30	30	1.6	1.7	1.6
United Kingdom⁸⁷	105	65	45	2.8	3.6	2.3
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	30	1.5	1.4	1.6
Africa	115	65	55	3.1	3.6	2.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	80	40	40	2.1	2.2	2.1
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Asia	1,780	875	905	47.5	48.3	46.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	1,295	625	665	34.6	34.5	34.5
Viet Nam	35	20	15	0.9	1.1	0.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	270	130	140	7.2	7.2	7.3
Pakistan	20	15	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	115	60	55	3.1	3.3	2.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	55	25	25	1.5	1.4	1.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	955	465	495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	30	45	7.9	6.5	9.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.0
United States of America	20	0	10	2.1	0.0	2.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	2.6	2.2	4.0
Europe	110	45	65	11.5	9.7	13.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	0	15	1.6	0.0	3.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	30	15	15	3.1	3.2	3.0
Ukraine	40	20	20	4.2	4.3	4.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.0
Africa	85	55	35	8.9	11.8	7.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	1.0	2.2	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	75	40	35	7.9	8.6	7.1
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	645	320	330	67.5	68.8	66.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	170	85	90	17.8	18.3	18.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	10	0	1.0	2.2	0.0
Philippines	405	195	205	42.4	41.9	41.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	40	25	20	4.2	5.4	4.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	35	25	15	3.7	5.4	3.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,575	8,575	9,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,400	2,095	2,305	25.0	24.4	25.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,750	1,395	1,360	15.6	16.3	15.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,425	5,085	5,340	59.3	59.3	59.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,295	1,610	1,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,675	1,320	1,350	81.2	82.0	79.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	795	575	220	24.1	35.7	13.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,875	750	1,130	56.9	46.6	66.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	510	225	285	15.5	14.0	16.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	95	50	45	2.9	3.1	2.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	0	15	0.6	0.0	0.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,295	1,610	1,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	0.8	0.6	0.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	500	330	170	15.2	20.5	10.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	85	50	35	2.6	3.1	2.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	80	35	40	2.4	2.2	2.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	40	0	35	1.2	0.0	2.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,570	1,175	1,395	78.0	73.0	82.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,765	1,370	1,395	15.7	16.0	15.5
South Asian	515	260	255	2.9	3.0	2.8
Chinese	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Black	210	110	100	1.2	1.3	1.1
Filipino	1,520	760	755	8.6	8.9	8.4
Arab	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	220	85	130	1.3	1.0	1.4
Southeast Asian	120	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,810	7,205	7,610	84.3	84.0	84.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,075	995	1,080	11.8	11.6	12.0
English	1,415	690	725	8.1	8.0	8.1
Irish	1,035	480	555	5.9	5.6	6.2
Scottish	1,190	570	620	6.8	6.6	6.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,305	650	660	7.4	7.6	7.3
German	4,285	2,140	2,145	24.4	25.0	23.8
Chinese	65	30	30	0.4	0.3	0.3
Italian	205	110	95	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indian (India)	305	140	160	1.7	1.6	1.8
Ukrainian	1,370	640	725	7.8	7.5	8.1
Dutch	1,240	610	630	7.1	7.1	7.0
Polish	610	270	335	3.5	3.1	3.7
Québécois	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	310	155	155	1.8	1.8	1.7
Filipino	1,455	745	710	8.3	8.7	7.9
French Canadian	125	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	475	255	225	2.7	3.0	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	445	205	245	2.5	2.4	2.7
Métis	970	525	450	5.5	6.1	5.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	325	155	175	1.8	1.8	1.9
Russian	2,235	1,125	1,110	12.7	13.1	12.3
Norwegian	195	110	85	1.1	1.3	0.9
Welsh	80	30	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Portuguese	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	105	60	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
Spanish	175	75	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
Swedish	275	135	140	1.6	1.6	1.6
Hungarian	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	100	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	165	85	80	0.9	1.0	0.9
Korean	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	270	110	160	1.5	1.3	1.8
Danish	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	90	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Sikh	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Austrian	80	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Belgian	145	55	90	0.8	0.6	1.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mexican	350	195	155	2.0	2.3	1.7
Mennonite	3,505	1,740	1,760	19.9	20.3	19.5
Swiss	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Finnish	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	65	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Muslim	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	85	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	155	85	65	0.9	1.0	0.7
Colombian	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	155	100	55	0.9	1.2	0.6
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	30	10	0.3	0.3	0.1
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nigerian	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	45	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	45	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	30	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	185	90	95	1.1	1.0	1.1
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	445	225	220	2.5	2.6	2.4
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,575	8,575	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian	13,325	6,355	6,970	75.8	74.1	77.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	6,275	3,080	3,195	35.7	35.9	35.5
Anabaptist	1,725	770	955	9.8	9.0	10.6
Anglican	135	55	75	0.8	0.6	0.8
Baptist	205	90	115	1.2	1.0	1.3
Catholic	1,910	925	985	10.9	10.8	10.9
Christian Orthodox	150	75	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
Jehovah's Witness	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latter Day Saints	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lutheran	585	275	315	3.3	3.2	3.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	295	135	160	1.7	1.6	1.8
Presbyterian	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Reformed	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
United Church	270	125	140	1.5	1.5	1.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,565	725	845	8.9	8.5	9.4
Hindu	130	80	50	0.7	0.9	0.6
Jewish	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Muslim	45	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Sikh	280	125	150	1.6	1.5	1.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	3,680	1,935	1,745	20.9	22.6	19.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,315	8,440	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,145	6,910	7,235	81.7	81.9	81.5
Movers	3,175	1,530	1,640	18.3	18.1	18.5
Non-migrants	1,640	805	835	9.5	9.5	9.4
Migrants	1,530	730	805	8.8	8.6	9.1
Internal migrants	1,375	650	720	7.9	7.7	8.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,200	580	615	6.9	6.9	6.9
Interprovincial migrants	180	65	110	1.0	0.8	1.2
External migrants	155	75	85	0.9	0.9	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,315	7,870	8,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,930	3,845	4,085	48.6	48.9	48.4
Movers	8,385	4,030	4,355	51.4	51.2	51.6
Non-migrants	3,275	1,565	1,705	20.1	19.9	20.2
Migrants	5,115	2,470	2,645	31.4	31.4	31.3
Internal migrants	4,245	2,040	2,200	26.0	25.9	26.1
Intraprovincial migrants	3,625	1,775	1,850	22.2	22.6	21.9
Interprovincial migrants	620	265	350	3.8	3.4	4.1
External migrants	870	425	445	5.3	5.4	5.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,790	6,605	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,610	1,795	1,815	26.2	27.2	25.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,180	4,810	5,365	73.8	72.8	74.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,480	4,160	4,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,375	770	605	16.2	18.5	14.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,105	3,390	3,710	83.8	81.5	85.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,790	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,330	1,635	1,695	24.1	24.7	23.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,675	2,325	2,350	33.9	35.2	32.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,785	2,650	3,130	42.0	40.1	43.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,365	1,510	1,850	24.4	22.8	25.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	715	485	230	5.2	7.3	3.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	180	160	2.5	2.7	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	370	305	75	2.7	4.6	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,310	905	1,405	16.8	13.7	19.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	340	125	215	2.5	1.9	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,415	1,135	1,280	17.5	17.2	17.8
Bachelor's degree	1,750	760	990	12.7	11.5	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	95	105	1.5	1.4	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	80	30	0.8	1.2	0.4
Master's degree	305	155	150	2.2	2.3	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	40	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,480	4,160	4,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,285	715	570	15.2	17.2	13.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,910	1,470	1,440	34.3	35.3	33.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,285	1,975	2,305	50.5	47.5	53.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,320	1,060	1,260	27.4	25.5	29.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	440	275	170	5.2	6.6	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	215	100	115	2.5	2.4	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	225	170	55	2.7	4.1	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,650	685	960	19.5	16.5	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	100	130	2.8	2.4	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,965	915	1,050	23.2	22.0	24.3
Bachelor's degree	1,435	615	825	16.9	14.8	19.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	80	60	1.6	1.9	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	70	30	1.2	1.7	0.7
Master's degree	250	125	125	2.9	3.0	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,785	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,010	3,960	4,050	58.1	59.9	56.4
Education	625	150	475	4.5	2.3	6.6
13. Education	625	150	475	4.5	2.3	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	35	85	0.9	0.5	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	35	85	0.9	0.5	1.2
Humanities	480	225	255	3.5	3.4	3.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
39. Theology and religious vocations	225	105	115	1.6	1.6	1.6
54. History	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	475	160	315	3.4	2.4	4.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	0	135	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
42. Psychology	85	45	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
45. Social sciences	130	80	50	0.9	1.2	0.7
Business, management and public administration	1,070	450	625	7.8	6.8	8.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,005	415	585	7.3	6.3	8.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	65	90	1.1	1.0	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	100	40	1.0	1.5	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	90	30	0.9	1.4	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	880	815	65	6.4	12.3	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	165	130	40	1.2	2.0	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	170	15	1.3	2.6	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	260	255	0	1.9	3.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	185	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
48. Precision production	75	75	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	255	135	2.8	3.9	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	360	240	120	2.6	3.6	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	1,105	220	885	8.0	3.3	12.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	25	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,040	190	850	7.5	2.9	11.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	345	175	170	2.5	2.6	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	180	25	155	1.3	0.4	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	45	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	105	10	0.8	1.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,480	4,160	4,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,200	2,185	2,010	49.5	52.5	46.5
Education	440	115	325	5.2	2.8	7.5
13. Education	440	115	325	5.2	2.8	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	35	55	1.1	0.8	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	35	55	1.1	0.8	1.3
Humanities	280	145	140	3.3	3.5	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	35	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	65	60	1.5	1.6	1.4
54. History	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385	105	280	4.5	2.5	6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	120	1.4	0.0	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	60	15	40	0.7	0.4	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	65	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
45. Social sciences	100	60	40	1.2	1.4	0.9
Business, management and public administration	855	360	495	10.1	8.7	11.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	820	350	475	9.7	8.4	11.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	35	70	1.2	0.8	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	80	30	1.2	1.9	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	80	25	1.2	1.9	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	645	580	65	7.6	13.9	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	150	110	40	1.8	2.6	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	120	15	1.6	2.9	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	2.1	4.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	115	110	0	1.4	2.6	0.0
48. Precision production	60	60	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	355	220	135	4.2	5.3	3.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	325	200	115	3.8	4.8	2.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Health and related fields	755	180	580	8.9	4.3	13.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	715	165	555	8.4	4.0	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	270	125	145	3.2	3.0	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	155	15	140	1.8	0.4	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	80	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,480	4,160	4,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,200	2,185	2,010	49.5	52.5	46.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,280	1,970	2,305	50.5	47.4	53.4
Location of study inside Canada	3,000	1,310	1,690	35.4	31.5	39.1
Same as province or territory of residence	2,635	1,150	1,480	31.1	27.6	34.3
Different than province or territory of residence	365	160	205	4.3	3.8	4.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,280	660	615	15.1	15.9	14.2
Americas	160	90	65	1.9	2.2	1.5
United States of America	90	55	35	1.1	1.3	0.8
Mexico	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	200	110	90	2.4	2.6	2.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	80	50	30	0.9	1.2	0.7
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Ukraine	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Nigeria	30	10	10	0.4	0.2	0.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	880	435	440	10.4	10.5	10.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Philippines	650	310	345	7.7	7.5	8.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	175	105	70	2.1	2.5	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,790	6,610	7,180	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,070	4,955	4,110	...	...	...
Employed	8,540	4,680	3,865	...	...	...
Unemployed	520	275	250	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,720	1,655	3,065	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.8	75.0	57.2	65.8	75.0	57.2
Employment rate	61.9	70.8	53.8	61.9	70.8	53.8
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.5	6.1	5.7	5.5	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,785	6,610	7,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,715	1,665	3,045	34.2	25.2	42.4
Worked	9,075	4,945	4,140	65.8	74.8	57.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,030	3,225	1,805	36.5	48.8	25.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,045	1,715	2,335	29.3	25.9	32.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	44.3	40.5	42.6	44.3	40.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,070	4,955	4,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	65	90	1.7	1.3	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,910	4,890	4,020	98.2	98.7	97.8
Employee	7,820	4,240	3,580	86.2	85.6	87.1
Permanent position	6,875	3,790	3,085	75.8	76.5	75.1
Temporary position	940	445	500	10.4	9.0	12.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	220	110	110	2.4	2.2	2.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	725	340	380	8.0	6.9	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,095	655	440	12.1	13.2	10.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,070	4,955	4,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	65	90	1.7	1.3	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,910	4,890	4,020	98.2	98.7	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85	55	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,245	360	885	13.7	7.3	21.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	380	295	85	4.2	6.0	2.1
3 Health occupations	690	215	475	7.6	4.3	11.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,020	365	650	11.2	7.4	15.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	205	85	120	2.3	1.7	2.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,030	850	1,185	22.4	17.2	28.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,035	1,860	175	22.4	37.5	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	450	345	105	5.0	7.0	2.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	780	465	315	8.6	9.4	7.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,070	4,955	4,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	65	90	1.7	1.3	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	8,910	4,890	4,020	98.2	98.7	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	595	415	175	6.6	8.4	4.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
22 Utilities	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
23 Construction	1,060	915	140	11.7	18.5	3.4
31-33 Manufacturing	1,245	775	465	13.7	15.6	11.3
41 Wholesale trade	120	100	20	1.3	2.0	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,065	540	525	11.7	10.9	12.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	645	525	120	7.1	10.6	2.9
51 Information and cultural industries	90	35	60	1.0	0.7	1.5
52 Finance and insurance	220	45	175	2.4	0.9	4.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	125	60	60	1.4	1.2	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	335	175	155	3.7	3.5	3.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	225	100	125	2.5	2.0	3.0
61 Educational services	615	215	405	6.8	4.3	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,210	315	890	13.3	6.4	21.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	60	70	1.4	1.2	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	475	150	325	5.2	3.0	7.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	430	225	200	4.7	4.5	4.9
91 Public administration	255	175	85	2.8	3.5	2.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,665	5,165	4,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,195	4,930	4,265	95.1	95.5	94.8
French	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
Non-official language	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
English and French	80	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	335	160	170	3.5	3.1	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,665	5,165	4,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,615	5,140	4,475	99.5	99.5	99.4
Official languages	9,550	5,095	4,450	98.8	98.6	98.9
English	9,515	5,085	4,425	98.4	98.5	98.3
French	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Non-official languages	65	45	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	45	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	25	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
German	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.6
English and French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,665	5,165	4,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,295	4,985	4,305	96.2	96.5	95.7
English	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
French	65	30	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-official language	250	110	140	2.6	2.1	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	245	110	135	2.5	2.1	3.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,545	4,680	3,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	900	400	505	10.5	8.5	13.1
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,375	1,090	285	16.1	23.3	7.4
Usual place of work	6,245	3,175	3,070	73.1	67.8	79.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,245	3,175	3,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,050	1,885	2,165	64.9	59.4	70.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,400	820	580	22.4	25.8	18.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	730	425	305	11.7	13.4	9.9
Commute to a different province or territory	60	40	25	1.0	1.3	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,620	4,260	3,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,910	3,920	2,995	90.7	92.0	89.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,210	3,610	2,595	81.5	84.7	77.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	705	305	400	9.3	7.2	11.9
Public transit	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Walked	390	160	235	5.1	3.8	7.0
Bicycle	150	110	40	2.0	2.6	1.2
Other method	150	70	80	2.0	1.6	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,620	4,260	3,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,430	2,200	2,225	58.1	51.6	66.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,690	1,000	685	22.2	23.5	20.4
30 to 44 minutes	520	320	195	6.8	7.5	5.8
45 to 59 minutes	415	305	105	5.4	7.2	3.1
60 minutes and over	570	435	135	7.5	10.2	4.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,620	4,260	3,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	665	445	220	8.7	10.4	6.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,395	1,040	355	18.3	24.4	10.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,070	1,305	770	27.2	30.6	22.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,440	560	875	18.9	13.1	26.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	785	275	510	10.3	6.5	15.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,265	640	630	16.6	15.0	18.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,500	2,330	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	325	165	160	7.2	7.1	7.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,175	2,160	2,020	92.8	92.7	92.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,155	1,635	1,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	225	110	115	7.1	6.7	7.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	50	60	3.6	3.1	3.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	60	50	3.5	3.7	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,930	1,520	1,410	92.9	93.0	92.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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