Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Campbell River, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	35,519	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	33,007^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	16,194	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	15,557	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	246.0	...	...	246.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	144.38	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	35,515	17,420	18,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,180	2,700	2,480	14.6	15.5	13.7
0 to 4 years	1,475	775	700	4.2	4.4	3.9
5 to 9 years	1,800	950	850	5.1	5.5	4.7
10 to 14 years	1,910	980	930	5.4	5.6	5.1
15 to 64 years	21,080	10,345	10,730	59.4	59.4	59.3
15 to 19 years	1,755	915	845	4.9	5.3	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,555	830	725	4.4	4.8	4.0
25 to 29 years	1,765	865	895	5.0	5.0	4.9
30 to 34 years	2,060	1,030	1,030	5.8	5.9	5.7
35 to 39 years	2,145	1,055	1,095	6.0	6.1	6.0
40 to 44 years	2,130	1,035	1,095	6.0	5.9	6.0
45 to 49 years	1,970	940	1,035	5.5	5.4	5.7
50 to 54 years	2,105	1,020	1,085	5.9	5.9	6.0
55 to 59 years	2,560	1,195	1,365	7.2	6.9	7.5
60 to 64 years	3,025	1,465	1,565	8.5	8.4	8.6
65 years and over	9,260	4,375	4,890	26.1	25.1	27.0
65 to 69 years	2,985	1,405	1,580	8.4	8.1	8.7
70 to 74 years	2,585	1,265	1,325	7.3	7.3	7.3
75 to 79 years	1,710	850	865	4.8	4.9	4.8
80 to 84 years	1,005	470	530	2.8	2.7	2.9
85 years and over	975	390	585	2.7	2.2	3.2
85 to 89 years	585	260	330	1.6	1.5	1.8
90 to 94 years	305	110	195	0.9	0.6	1.1
95 to 99 years	75	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	59.4	59.4	59.3	59.4	59.4	59.3
65 years and over	26.1	25.1	27.0	26.1	25.1	27.0
85 years and over	2.7	2.2	3.2	2.7	2.2	3.2
Average age of the population	45.8	44.8	46.7	45.8	44.8	46.7
Median age of the population	48.0	46.4	49.2	48.0	46.4	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	15,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,450	...	...	60.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	795	...	...	5.1	...	...
Row house	1,060	...	...	6.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	705	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,835	...	...	18.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	705	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	15,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,590	...	...	29.5	...	...
2 persons	6,430	...	...	41.3	...	...
3 persons	2,025	...	...	13.0	...	...
4 persons	1,650	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 or more persons	860	...	...	5.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,890	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	30,335	14,720	15,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,995	8,980	9,020	59.3	61.0	57.7
Married	14,120	7,040	7,075	46.5	47.8	45.3
Living common-law	3,880	1,940	1,940	12.8	13.2	12.4
Living common law - Never married	2,505	1,270	1,240	8.3	8.6	7.9
Living common law - Separated	225	110	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	980	500	485	3.2	3.4	3.1
Living common law - Widowed	165	60	105	0.5	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	12,340	5,735	6,605	40.7	39.0	42.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,005	3,920	3,085	23.1	26.6	19.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	935	415	525	3.1	2.8	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,500	990	1,515	8.2	6.7	9.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,895	415	1,480	6.2	2.8	9.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,520	...	...	62.2	...	...
3 persons	1,885	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	1,500	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	5.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,775	...	...	83.7	...	...
Married couples	6,835	...	...	65.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,595	...	...	24.8	...	...
Without children	4,240	...	...	40.5	...	...
Common-law couples	1,940	...	...	18.5	...	...
With children⁶	705	...	...	6.7	...	...
Without children	1,235	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,705	...	...	16.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,305	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	400	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	34,890	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	27,765	13,740	14,025	79.6	80.0	79.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,550	8,760	8,790	50.3	51.0	49.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,705	400	1,310	4.9	2.3	7.4
Children⁶	8,505	4,585	3,925	24.4	26.7	22.2
In a two-parent family	5,895	3,150	2,750	16.9	18.3	15.5
In a one-parent family	2,615	1,430	1,180	7.5	8.3	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,120	3,430	3,690	20.4	20.0	20.8
Living alone	4,585	2,065	2,525	13.1	12.0	14.3
Living with other relatives⁷	765	365	400	2.2	2.1	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	1,770	1,005	765	5.1	5.9	4.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	15,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,310	...	...	59.9	...	...
Couple-family households	7,980	...	...	51.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,960	...	...	19.0	...	...
Without children	5,025	...	...	32.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,325	...	...	8.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	295	...	...	1.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	585	...	...	3.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	700	...	...	4.5	...	...
One-person households	4,590	...	...	29.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	29,710	14,470	15,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,975	14,095	14,875	97.5	97.4	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,600	34,800	40,000	47,600	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,005	14,115	14,885	97.6	97.5	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	42,800	32,400	36,800	42,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,795	12,790	13,005	86.8	88.4	85.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,400	25,000	31,800	40,400	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,095	9,675	9,420	64.3	66.9	61.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	44,800	28,200	34,800	44,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,930	11,635	13,300	83.9	80.4	87.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900	12,900	13,000	12,900	12,900	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,180	1,590	1,585	10.7	11.0	10.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,210	3,340	3,875	24.3	23.1	25.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	29,710	14,480	15,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,900	14,095	14,805	97.3	97.3	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	57,950	41,640	49,600	57,950	41,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,960	14,135	14,825	97.5	97.6	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,760	48,880	36,920	42,760	48,880	36,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,885	12,865	13,020	87.1	88.8	85.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,040	52,250	33,920	43,040	52,250	33,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,095	9,700	9,395	64.3	67.0	61.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,840	54,000	35,400	44,840	54,000	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,845	11,650	13,195	83.6	80.5	86.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,880	12,400	13,300	12,880	12,400	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,025	1,545	1,485	10.2	10.7	9.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,750	6,290	7,220	6,750	6,290	7,220
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,990	3,380	3,615	23.5	23.3	23.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,630	8,160	9,070	8,630	8,160	9,070
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	29,710	14,480	15,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,975	4,400	3,570	26.8	30.4	23.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	68,000	52,000	58,800	68,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,100	75,900	56,350	67,100	75,900	56,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,310	3,845	4,465	28.0	26.6	29.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	26,600	18,200	21,600	26,600	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	40,920	25,120	32,400	40,920	25,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.6	82.4	71.6	77.6	82.4	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.7	64.2	53.9	59.7	64.2	53.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.3	17.7	28.5	22.3	17.7	28.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.2	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.2	7.0	5.4	4.2	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.4	5.3	4.2	3.4	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	29,710	14,470	15,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	735	380	360	2.5	2.6	2.4
With total income	28,970	14,095	14,875	97.5	97.4	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,970	775	1,195	6.8	5.5	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	3,480	1,305	2,175	12.0	9.3	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	4,725	1,900	2,830	16.3	13.5	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	4,235	1,855	2,380	14.6	13.2	16.0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,600	1,615	1,985	12.4	11.5	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,785	1,365	1,420	9.6	9.7	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,945	1,105	840	6.7	7.8	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,650	990	665	5.7	7.0	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	710	445	4.0	5.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	920	595	325	3.2	4.2	2.2
$100,000 and over	2,495	1,880	615	8.6	13.3	4.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,770	1,305	460	6.1	9.3	3.1
$150,000 and over	730	580	150	2.5	4.1	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	29,710	14,470	15,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	700	355	345	2.4	2.5	2.3
With after-tax income	29,005	14,115	14,890	97.6	97.5	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,085	820	1,265	7.2	5.8	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	3,620	1,355	2,265	12.5	9.6	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	5,380	2,175	3,210	18.5	15.4	21.6
$30,000 to $39,999	4,765	2,115	2,650	16.4	15.0	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	4,020	1,905	2,110	13.9	13.5	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,780	1,515	1,265	9.6	10.7	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,060	1,245	815	7.1	8.8	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,415	885	525	4.9	6.3	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,020	700	320	3.5	5.0	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	565	405	155	1.9	2.9	1.0
$100,000 and over	1,295	985	305	4.5	7.0	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	725	545	175	2.5	3.9	1.2
$125,000 and over	570	440	130	2.0	3.1	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	29,710	14,470	15,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,610	4,795	5,820	35.7	33.1	38.2
With employment income	19,095	9,675	9,420	64.3	66.9	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,845	1,315	1,525	14.9	13.6	16.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,515	610	905	7.9	6.3	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,225	935	1,290	11.7	9.7	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,095	880	1,210	11.0	9.1	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,790	755	1,035	9.4	7.8	11.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,700	745	960	8.9	7.7	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	750	740	7.8	7.8	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,130	650	475	5.9	6.7	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,050	650	395	5.5	6.7	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	765	490	275	4.0	5.1	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	675	455	220	3.5	4.7	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,820	1,430	385	9.5	14.8	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	910	685	225	4.8	7.1	2.4
$125,000 and over	905	745	160	4.7	7.7	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	29,710	14,470	15,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,445	13,815	14,630	95.7	95.5	96.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,800	31,200	38,000	46,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,510	13,825	14,685	96.0	95.5	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,600	28,800	34,400	41,600	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,745	12,745	13,010	86.7	88.1	85.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,400	26,000	32,800	42,400	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,395	10,365	10,030	68.6	71.6	65.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,400	27,200	32,800	42,400	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,745	9,175	11,570	69.8	63.4	75.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	11,900	9,800	10,500	11,900	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,670	1,400	1,275	9.0	9.7	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,440	5,240	5,320	5,440	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	29,710	14,480	15,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,375	13,775	14,595	95.5	95.1	95.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,720	58,150	39,840	48,720	58,150	39,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,420	13,780	14,640	95.7	95.2	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,280	48,400	34,560	41,280	48,400	34,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,830	12,755	13,075	86.9	88.1	85.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,920	54,950	35,120	44,920	54,950	35,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,455	10,365	10,085	68.8	71.6	66.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,360	52,250	34,240	43,360	52,250	34,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,595	9,145	11,450	69.3	63.2	75.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,800	10,970	10,650	10,800	10,970	10,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,490	1,240	1,250	8.4	8.6	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,970	6,800	7,120	6,970	6,800	7,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	29,710	14,480	15,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,980	4,410	3,570	26.9	30.5	23.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	64,500	48,000	54,800	64,500	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,300	73,000	51,350	63,300	73,000	51,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,905	3,635	4,265	26.6	25.1	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,200	34,000	22,400	27,200	34,000	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,920	47,760	29,520	37,920	47,760	29,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	87.4	79.0	84.0	87.4	79.0
Employment income (%)	64.2	67.6	59.4	64.2	67.6	59.4
Government transfers (%)	16.1	12.5	21.0	16.1	12.5	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	15,555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	15,560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,100	...	...	92,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...	79,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,160	...	...	48,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,160	...	...	42,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,600	...	...	110,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,300	...	...	95,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	15,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	300	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	720	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	555	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	540	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	705	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	690	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	680	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,325	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,150	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,090	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	925	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,505	...	...	35.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,785	...	...	11.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,335	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,425	...	...	9.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	965	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	15,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	320	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	750	...	...	4.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	630	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	625	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	820	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	755	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	750	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,450	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,395	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,310	...	...	8.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,125	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	940	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,395	...	...	28.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,845	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,135	...	...	7.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,415	...	...	9.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,325	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,360	3,065	3,295	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	39,600	35,600	37,600	39,600	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,400	33,200	34,800	36,400	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,500	...	...	109,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,300	...	...	94,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,500	...	...	100,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,345	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,800	...	...	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,200	...	...	120,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,800	...	...	72,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,300	...	...	66,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,290	3,055	3,230	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,360	50,440	42,520	46,360	50,440	42,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,640	43,200	38,200	40,640	43,200	38,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	34,885	17,175	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,235	3,255	2,985	17.9	19.0	16.9
0 to 5 years	1,835	960	870	5.3	5.6	4.9
18 to 64 years	19,895	9,720	10,175	57.0	56.6	57.4
65 years and over	8,760	4,200	4,555	25.1	24.5	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,480	1,575	1,905	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	770	415	355	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	220	130	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,595	735	855	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,120	425	695	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	9.2	10.8	10.0	9.2	10.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.3	12.6	11.9	12.3	12.6	11.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.1	13.4	10.6	12.1	13.4	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.6	8.4	8.0	7.6	8.4
65 years and over (%)	12.8	10.1	15.2	12.8	10.1	15.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	34,890	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,235	3,255	2,980	17.9	19.0	16.8
0 to 5 years	1,835	965	870	5.3	5.6	4.9
18 to 64 years	19,890	9,715	10,180	57.0	56.6	57.5
65 years and over	8,755	4,200	4,560	25.1	24.5	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,110	565	540	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	240	130	115	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	60	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	755	395	365	...	...	...
65 years and over	115	45	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.0	3.8	3.9	4.0	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.6	2.8	3.3	3.6	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	4.0	3.5	3.8	4.0	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	34,885	17,175	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	18,200	8,635	9,570	52.2	50.3	54.0
In bottom decile	3,220	1,530	1,690	9.2	8.9	9.5
In second decile	3,810	1,710	2,100	10.9	10.0	11.9
In third decile	3,630	1,735	1,895	10.4	10.1	10.7
In fourth decile	3,735	1,815	1,925	10.7	10.6	10.9
In fifth decile	3,805	1,850	1,955	10.9	10.8	11.0
In top half of the distribution	16,685	8,545	8,145	47.8	49.8	46.0
In sixth decile	3,675	1,840	1,835	10.5	10.7	10.4
In seventh decile	3,585	1,835	1,750	10.3	10.7	9.9
In eighth decile	3,570	1,825	1,745	10.2	10.6	9.9
In ninth decile	3,250	1,690	1,550	9.3	9.8	8.7
In top decile	2,610	1,350	1,260	7.5	7.9	7.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	34,890	...	...	34,890	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.264	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	35,205	17,290	17,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	32,615	16,135	16,475	92.6	93.3	91.9
French only	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,465	1,100	1,365	7.0	6.4	7.6
Neither English nor French	115	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	35,205	17,290	17,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	34,605	17,010	17,595	98.3	98.4	98.2
French	450	220	235	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	105	45	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	35,205	17,290	17,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,750	17,090	17,665	98.7	98.8	98.6
Official languages	32,470	16,010	16,465	92.2	92.6	91.9
English	31,970	15,775	16,200	90.8	91.2	90.4
French	500	235	265	1.4	1.4	1.5
Non-official languages	2,280	1,080	1,200	6.5	6.2	6.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,245	1,065	1,185	6.4	6.2	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	150	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	260	90	165	0.7	0.5	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	75	125	0.6	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,325	655	670	3.8	3.8	3.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	250	120	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
Baltic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	245	115	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	545	270	280	1.5	1.6	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	325	160	165	0.9	0.9	0.9
German	295	150	150	0.8	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	130	110	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	230	120	105	0.7	0.7	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	80	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	135	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	150	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	155	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	455	200	255	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and French	135	55	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	280	140	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	35,205	17,290	17,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	32,820	16,165	16,655	93.2	93.5	92.9
French	85	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official language	385	185	205	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	385	185	205	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	345	150	195	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,480	705	780	4.2	4.1	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	35,205	17,290	17,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,915	17,150	17,765	99.2	99.2	99.1
Official languages	34,130	16,770	17,355	96.9	97.0	96.8
English	34,010	16,710	17,295	96.6	96.6	96.5
French	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	790	380	410	2.2	2.2	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	380	410	2.2	2.2	2.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	105	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	340	165	175	1.0	1.0	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	290	140	150	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	240	120	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	35,205	17,290	17,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	33,540	16,510	17,030	95.3	95.5	95.0
English	350	170	175	1.0	1.0	1.0
French	275	120	160	0.8	0.7	0.9
Non-official language	860	410	455	2.4	2.4	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	800	375	425	2.3	2.2	2.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	34,890	17,175	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	34,775	17,120	17,650	99.7	99.7	99.6
English	34,765	17,120	17,645	99.6	99.7	99.6
French	2,475	1,180	1,295	7.1	6.9	7.3
Non-official languages	3,420	1,620	1,805	9.8	9.4	10.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	160	75	90	0.5	0.4	0.5
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	125	60	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	120	55	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,260	1,550	1,715	9.3	9.0	9.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	80	100	0.5	0.5	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	175	80	95	0.5	0.5	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	345	145	200	1.0	0.8	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	135	200	1.0	0.8	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,205	1,040	1,165	6.3	6.1	6.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	280	135	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	270	125	145	0.8	0.7	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	780	335	440	2.2	2.0	2.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	445	195	260	1.3	1.1	1.5
German	440	190	255	1.3	1.1	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	270	125	150	0.8	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	120	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	140	55	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	425	225	200	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	425	225	200	1.2	1.3	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	265	120	140	0.8	0.7	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	115	115	0.6	0.7	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	765	370	400	2.2	2.2	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	105	60	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	120	50	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Romanian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	550	255	295	1.6	1.5	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	120	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	95	60	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	95	65	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	25	0.2	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Lao	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	34,885	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,870	1,945	1,920	11.1	11.3	10.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,650	1,840	1,810	10.5	10.7	10.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,395	1,220	1,170	6.9	7.1	6.6
Métis	1,245	610	630	3.6	3.6	3.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	145	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	31,015	15,225	15,795	88.9	88.7	89.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	34,885	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,805	935	865	5.2	5.4	4.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,085	16,235	16,845	94.8	94.6	95.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,165	...	...	71.8	...	...
Renter	4,390	...	...	28.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,965	...	...	12.6	...	...
Not condominium	13,590	...	...	87.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	1.0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,320	...	...	8.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,045	...	...	26.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,495	...	...	41.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,550	...	...	22.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,860	...	...	24.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,825	...	...	18.2	...	...
6 rooms	2,530	...	...	16.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,825	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,515	...	...	29.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,410	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	15,155	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	400	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,265	...	...	8.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,955	...	...	31.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,500	...	...	16.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,750	...	...	17.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	670	...	...	4.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,295	...	...	8.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	830	...	...	5.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,295	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	14,725	...	...	94.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	835	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,640	...	...	49.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,245	...	...	46.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	675	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	355	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,765	...	...	11.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,240	...	...	14.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,405	...	...	15.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,195	...	...	20.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,355	...	...	21.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,780	...	...	11.4	...	...
85 years and over	465	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,180	...	...	78.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325	...	...	21.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,080	...	...	19.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	15,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,210	...	...	27.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,015	...	...	19.4	...	...
Not suitable only	305	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	540	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	250	...	...	1.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	11,350	...	...	72.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	15,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,785	...	...	11.7	...	...
Not in core need	13,480	...	...	88.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,150	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.7	...	...	55.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.6	...	...	14.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,302	...	...	1,302	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	532,000	...	...	532,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	566,000	...	...	566,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,395	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.6	...	...	38.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.5	...	...	25.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,248	...	...	1,248	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	34,885	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,505	755	755	4.3	4.4	4.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,465	730	735	4.2	4.3	4.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,205	595	610	3.5	3.5	3.4
Métis single ancestry	255	130	125	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,690	1,350	1,340	7.7	7.9	7.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,625	1,315	1,315	7.5	7.7	7.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,920	975	945	5.5	5.7	5.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	675	330	340	1.9	1.9	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	30,690	15,070	15,620	88.0	87.8	88.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	34,890	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	33,810	16,630	17,180	96.9	96.9	97.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,160	3,230	2,930	17.7	18.8	16.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	27,650	13,400	14,250	79.2	78.0	80.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,080	545	535	3.1	3.2	3.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	34,890	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	31,005	15,355	15,650	88.9	89.4	88.3
Immigrants⁸¹	3,665	1,690	1,970	10.5	9.8	11.1
Before 1980	1,715	795	925	4.9	4.6	5.2
1980 to 1990	395	170	225	1.1	1.0	1.3
1991 to 2000	355	120	235	1.0	0.7	1.3
2001 to 2010	470	235	240	1.3	1.4	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	725	370	355	2.1	2.2	2.0
2011 to 2015	350	175	170	1.0	1.0	1.0
2016 to 2021	375	195	180	1.1	1.1	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	215	120	95	0.6	0.7	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,665	1,690	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	500	245	255	13.6	14.5	12.9
5 to 14 years	750	340	410	20.5	20.1	20.8
15 to 24 years	725	285	445	19.8	16.9	22.5
25 to 44 years	1,410	695	715	38.5	41.1	36.2
45 years and over	270	130	145	7.4	7.7	7.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,665	1,690	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	495	220	275	13.5	13.0	13.9
Brazil	25	15	15	0.7	0.9	0.8
Colombia	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Mexico	25	0	20	0.7	0.0	1.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	355	170	185	9.7	10.1	9.4
Other places of birth in Americas	65	25	40	1.8	1.5	2.0
Europe	1,905	915	990	52.0	54.1	50.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	15	0.5	0.6	0.8
France	70	25	45	1.9	1.5	2.3
Germany	215	90	125	5.9	5.3	6.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	40	20	20	1.1	1.2	1.0
Italy	50	40	10	1.4	2.4	0.5
Netherlands	120	55	60	3.3	3.3	3.0
Poland	40	20	20	1.1	1.2	1.0
Portugal	35	20	15	1.0	1.2	0.8
Romania	35	15	15	1.0	0.9	0.8
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	960	455	505	26.2	26.9	25.6
Other places of birth in Europe	290	145	145	7.9	8.6	7.3
Africa	245	115	125	6.7	6.8	6.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	165	70	100	4.5	4.1	5.1
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	1.5	2.1	1.3
Asia	885	375	510	24.1	22.2	25.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	1.4	1.2	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	35	15	20	1.0	0.9	1.0
Korea, South⁹²	65	45	25	1.8	2.7	1.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	320	120	200	8.7	7.1	10.1
Viet Nam	105	40	65	2.9	2.4	3.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	160	75	80	4.4	4.4	4.1
Pakistan	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	125	40	90	3.4	2.4	4.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	130	60	70	3.5	3.6	3.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	375	195	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	40	20	17.3	20.5	11.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	20	0	6.7	10.3	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	4.0	0.0	8.3
Europe	50	30	25	13.3	15.4	13.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	4.0	5.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	9.3	10.3	8.3
Africa	65	35	35	17.3	17.9	19.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	30	10.7	7.7	16.7
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	5.3	5.1	0.0
Asia	185	85	95	49.3	43.6	52.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	20	20	10.7	10.3	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	2.7	0.0	5.6
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	20	10	8.0	10.3	5.6
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	10	0	10	2.7	0.0	5.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	25	30	14.7	12.8	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	2.7	0.0	5.6
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	4.0	0.0	8.3
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	34,885	17,175	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,265	1,990	2,275	12.2	11.6	12.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	5,755	2,815	2,940	16.5	16.4	16.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	24,865	12,370	12,500	71.3	72.0	70.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,950	900	1,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,070	560	510	54.9	62.2	48.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	495	345	155	25.4	38.3	14.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	575	215	360	29.5	23.9	34.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	730	255	470	37.4	28.3	44.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	145	75	70	7.4	8.3	6.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,950	900	1,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	495	250	250	25.4	27.8	23.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	20	40	3.3	2.2	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	35	30	3.3	3.9	2.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	35	0	30	1.8	0.0	2.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,280	580	700	65.6	64.4	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	34,885	17,175	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,020	970	1,060	5.8	5.6	6.0
South Asian	535	265	270	1.5	1.5	1.5
Chinese	230	130	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Black	175	95	85	0.5	0.6	0.5
Filipino	400	165	235	1.1	1.0	1.3
Arab	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin American	120	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Southeast Asian	245	90	155	0.7	0.5	0.9
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	105	65	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Japanese	110	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	32,865	16,205	16,660	94.2	94.4	94.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	34,890	17,175	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,525	2,265	2,260	13.0	13.2	12.8
English	11,645	5,450	6,195	33.4	31.7	35.0
Irish	6,950	3,285	3,660	19.9	19.1	20.7
Scottish	8,745	4,220	4,525	25.1	24.6	25.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,180	1,480	1,700	9.1	8.6	9.6
German	4,535	2,240	2,295	13.0	13.0	13.0
Chinese	295	160	135	0.8	0.9	0.8
Italian	920	510	410	2.6	3.0	2.3
Indian (India)	295	130	170	0.8	0.8	1.0
Ukrainian	1,945	900	1,050	5.6	5.2	5.9
Dutch	1,450	740	710	4.2	4.3	4.0
Polish	890	385	500	2.6	2.2	2.8
Québécois	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,725	850	875	4.9	4.9	4.9
Filipino	370	155	215	1.1	0.9	1.2
French Canadian	410	195	215	1.2	1.1	1.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	775	435	340	2.2	2.5	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,605	865	745	4.6	5.0	4.2
Métis	1,025	515	510	2.9	3.0	2.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,150	625	530	3.3	3.6	3.0
Russian	665	330	335	1.9	1.9	1.9
Norwegian	1,925	940	985	5.5	5.5	5.6
Welsh	1,155	545	610	3.3	3.2	3.4
Portuguese	185	95	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
American	710	370	340	2.0	2.2	1.9
Spanish	220	95	130	0.6	0.6	0.7
Swedish	1,325	560	765	3.8	3.3	4.3
Hungarian	315	110	205	0.9	0.6	1.2
Acadian	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pakistani	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	95	25	70	0.3	0.1	0.4
Punjabi	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Vietnamese	180	75	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	270	135	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
Korean	105	65	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Romanian	145	80	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Lebanese	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Danish	680	365	310	1.9	2.1	1.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	475	200	270	1.4	1.2	1.5
Sikh	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austrian	350	170	185	1.0	1.0	1.0
Belgian	225	85	145	0.6	0.5	0.8
Haitian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	125	55	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mennonite	120	80	40	0.3	0.5	0.2
Swiss	330	160	175	0.9	0.9	1.0
Finnish	510	230	280	1.5	1.3	1.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Japanese	110	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	130	65	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	325	200	125	0.9	1.2	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	385	185	195	1.1	1.1	1.1
Colombian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	125	35	90	0.4	0.2	0.5
Syrian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	55	50	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
South African	110	45	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Australian	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	115	60	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	90	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
African American	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Northern Irish	85	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	200	120	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azorean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	34,885	17,170	17,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	150	65	85	0.4	0.4	0.5
Christian	11,585	5,130	6,455	33.2	29.9	36.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,995	1,415	1,580	8.6	8.2	8.9
Anabaptist	85	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Anglican	1,550	685	870	4.4	4.0	4.9
Baptist	520	220	300	1.5	1.3	1.7
Catholic	2,970	1,410	1,555	8.5	8.2	8.8
Christian Orthodox	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	255	100	160	0.7	0.6	0.9
Latter Day Saints	115	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Lutheran	425	175	245	1.2	1.0	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	380	160	220	1.1	0.9	1.2
Presbyterian	290	120	170	0.8	0.7	1.0
Reformed	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	1,145	360	785	3.3	2.1	4.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	710	335	385	2.0	2.0	2.2
Hindu	175	75	100	0.5	0.4	0.6
Jewish	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	200	95	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	405	150	255	1.2	0.9	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	22,235	11,590	10,645	63.7	67.5	60.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	34,570	17,010	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,795	14,625	15,170	86.2	86.0	86.4
Movers	4,780	2,385	2,390	13.8	14.0	13.6
Non-migrants	2,825	1,405	1,425	8.2	8.3	8.1
Migrants	1,950	980	965	5.6	5.8	5.5
Internal migrants	1,835	925	915	5.3	5.4	5.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,275	665	615	3.7	3.9	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	560	260	300	1.6	1.5	1.7
External migrants	115	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	33,380	16,400	16,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,495	9,030	9,465	55.4	55.1	55.7
Movers	14,885	7,365	7,520	44.6	44.9	44.3
Non-migrants	6,770	3,355	3,420	20.3	20.5	20.1
Migrants	8,115	4,010	4,100	24.3	24.5	24.1
Internal migrants	7,520	3,695	3,820	22.5	22.5	22.5
Intraprovincial migrants	5,460	2,685	2,775	16.4	16.4	16.3
Interprovincial migrants	2,055	1,010	1,045	6.2	6.2	6.2
External migrants	595	315	280	1.8	1.9	1.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,710	14,480	15,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,530	3,020	2,510	18.6	20.9	16.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	24,180	11,455	12,725	81.4	79.1	83.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,665	8,555	9,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,180	1,210	970	12.3	14.1	10.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,490	7,350	8,140	87.7	85.9	89.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,710	14,480	15,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,560	2,450	2,100	15.3	16.9	13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,020	4,700	5,325	33.7	32.5	35.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,130	7,330	7,805	50.9	50.6	51.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,655	5,365	5,290	35.9	37.1	34.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,455	2,695	760	11.6	18.6	5.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,415	905	510	4.8	6.3	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,040	1,785	255	6.9	12.3	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,420	2,395	4,030	21.6	16.5	26.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	780	285	495	2.6	2.0	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,475	1,960	2,520	15.1	13.5	16.5
Bachelor's degree	2,930	1,265	1,670	9.9	8.7	11.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	395	180	215	1.3	1.2	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	95	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	885	380	505	3.0	2.6	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,665	8,560	9,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,700	955	745	9.6	11.2	8.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,630	2,775	2,860	31.9	32.4	31.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,330	4,825	5,505	58.5	56.4	60.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,095	3,500	3,595	40.2	40.9	39.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,200	1,690	505	12.5	19.7	5.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	925	575	350	5.2	6.7	3.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,270	1,120	150	7.2	13.1	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,430	1,620	2,810	25.1	18.9	30.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	185	285	2.7	2.2	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,235	1,330	1,905	18.3	15.5	20.9
Bachelor's degree	2,155	890	1,260	12.2	10.4	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	80	155	1.3	0.9	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	65	75	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	650	265	385	3.7	3.1	4.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	29,710	14,475	15,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,575	7,150	7,430	49.1	49.4	48.8
Education	1,020	250	765	3.4	1.7	5.0
13. Education	1,020	250	765	3.4	1.7	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	140	200	1.1	1.0	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	290	110	175	1.0	0.8	1.1
Humanities	510	240	270	1.7	1.7	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	115	35	80	0.4	0.2	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	60	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	80	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
54. History	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,290	365	925	4.3	2.5	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	30	75	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	45	330	1.3	0.3	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	200	50	150	0.7	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	155	25	130	0.5	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	415	200	210	1.4	1.4	1.4
Business, management and public administration	2,670	865	1,800	9.0	6.0	11.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	305	65	240	1.0	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,365	805	1,560	8.0	5.6	10.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	455	210	245	1.5	1.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	85	110	0.6	0.6	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	130	95	35	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	45	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	180	135	1.1	1.2	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	265	155	115	0.9	1.1	0.8
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,665	3,430	235	12.3	23.7	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	320	280	40	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	695	615	80	2.3	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,025	985	35	3.5	6.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,135	1,105	30	3.8	7.6	0.2
48. Precision production	450	425	25	1.5	2.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	810	565	250	2.7	3.9	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	230	100	125	0.8	0.7	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	580	465	120	2.0	3.2	0.8
Health and related fields	2,865	405	2,460	9.6	2.8	16.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	35	85	0.4	0.2	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,695	350	2,350	9.1	2.4	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,185	665	515	4.0	4.6	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	670	220	450	2.3	1.5	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	110	20	0.4	0.8	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	335	40	1.3	2.3	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,665	8,560	9,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,335	3,730	3,605	41.5	43.6	39.6
Education	560	115	445	3.2	1.3	4.9
13. Education	560	115	445	3.2	1.3	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	85	135	1.2	1.0	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	195	70	130	1.1	0.8	1.4
Humanities	310	145	165	1.8	1.7	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	50	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
54. History	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	975	255	725	5.5	3.0	8.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	305	30	275	1.7	0.4	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	160	20	140	0.9	0.2	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	105	20	90	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	310	155	160	1.8	1.8	1.8
Business, management and public administration	1,815	610	1,210	10.3	7.1	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	215	50	170	1.2	0.6	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,595	560	1,035	9.0	6.5	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	300	125	175	1.7	1.5	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	155	65	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	135	105	1.4	1.6	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	130	80	1.2	1.5	0.9
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,365	2,175	190	13.4	25.4	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	235	200	35	1.3	2.3	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	415	360	50	2.3	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	675	640	30	3.8	7.5	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	715	685	30	4.0	8.0	0.3
48. Precision production	295	270	25	1.7	3.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	595	395	195	3.4	4.6	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	170	75	90	1.0	0.9	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	420	320	105	2.4	3.7	1.2
Health and related fields	2,115	320	1,795	12.0	3.7	19.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	30	65	0.6	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,975	275	1,700	11.2	3.2	18.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	850	470	375	4.8	5.5	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	480	150	330	2.7	1.8	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	100	75	20	0.6	0.9	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	270	235	30	1.5	2.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,665	8,560	9,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,335	3,730	3,605	41.5	43.6	39.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	10,330	4,830	5,505	58.5	56.4	60.5
Location of study inside Canada	9,370	4,330	5,040	53.0	50.6	55.4
Same as province or territory of residence	7,140	3,160	3,980	40.4	36.9	43.7
Different than province or territory of residence	2,230	1,170	1,060	12.6	13.7	11.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	965	495	465	5.5	5.8	5.1
Americas	235	120	110	1.3	1.4	1.2
United States of America	185	105	85	1.0	1.2	0.9
Mexico	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	265	155	110	1.5	1.8	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	85	45	0.7	1.0	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Africa	80	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asia	335	150	185	1.9	1.8	2.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Philippines	155	65	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Oceania	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Australia	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	29,710	14,480	15,230	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,780	8,530	8,250	...	...	...
Employed	15,305	7,705	7,600	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,465	825	640	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,930	5,950	6,985	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.5	58.9	54.2	56.5	58.9	54.2
Employment rate	51.5	53.2	49.9	51.5	53.2	49.9
Unemployment rate	8.7	9.7	7.8	8.7	9.7	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	29,710	14,475	15,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,680	5,815	6,870	42.7	40.2	45.1
Worked	17,025	8,660	8,365	57.3	59.8	54.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,225	4,575	3,650	27.7	31.6	24.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,800	4,085	4,715	29.6	28.2	31.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.5	40.3	40.4	40.5	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,775	8,530	8,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	330	180	150	2.0	2.1	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,440	8,350	8,090	98.0	97.9	98.1
Employee	13,995	6,930	7,060	83.4	81.2	85.6
Permanent position	11,920	6,040	5,885	71.1	70.8	71.4
Temporary position	2,070	895	1,180	12.3	10.5	14.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	550	240	305	3.3	2.8	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,520	650	870	9.1	7.6	10.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,445	1,415	1,030	14.6	16.6	12.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,775	8,530	8,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	330	180	150	2.0	2.1	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,440	8,350	8,090	98.0	97.9	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	115	65	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,335	590	1,740	13.9	6.9	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,085	865	220	6.5	10.1	2.7
3 Health occupations	1,590	275	1,320	9.5	3.2	16.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,865	460	1,400	11.1	5.4	17.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	315	90	220	1.9	1.1	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	4,550	1,905	2,645	27.1	22.3	32.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,225	2,975	255	19.2	34.9	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	970	805	170	5.8	9.4	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	395	315	80	2.4	3.7	1.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,775	8,530	8,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	330	180	150	2.0	2.1	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	16,440	8,350	8,090	98.0	97.9	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,300	975	325	7.7	11.4	3.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	550	495	55	3.3	5.8	0.7
22 Utilities	120	110	10	0.7	1.3	0.1
23 Construction	1,525	1,300	225	9.1	15.2	2.7
31-33 Manufacturing	555	365	185	3.3	4.3	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	225	180	40	1.3	2.1	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	2,240	1,055	1,185	13.4	12.4	14.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	645	495	150	3.8	5.8	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	150	100	50	0.9	1.2	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	350	150	200	2.1	1.8	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	265	110	150	1.6	1.3	1.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	895	425	470	5.3	5.0	5.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	705	415	295	4.2	4.9	3.6
61 Educational services	925	195	730	5.5	2.3	8.9
62 Health care and social assistance	2,820	485	2,340	16.8	5.7	28.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	320	120	205	1.9	1.4	2.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,250	540	710	7.5	6.3	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	795	400	400	4.7	4.7	4.9
91 Public administration	780	415	365	4.6	4.9	4.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	18,380	9,340	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,020	9,190	8,830	98.0	98.4	97.7
French	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	155	60	90	0.8	0.6	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	135	55	80	0.7	0.6	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	18,380	9,340	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,340	9,320	9,025	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	18,285	9,280	9,005	99.5	99.4	99.6
English	18,235	9,275	8,965	99.2	99.3	99.2
French	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Non-official languages	60	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	18,380	9,340	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,095	9,220	8,875	98.4	98.7	98.2
English	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	110	40	65	0.6	0.4	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	15,305	7,705	7,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,770	755	1,010	11.6	9.8	13.3
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No fixed workplace address	2,945	2,200	740	19.2	28.6	9.7
Usual place of work	10,580	4,740	5,840	69.1	61.5	76.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,580	4,735	5,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,390	3,415	4,975	79.3	72.1	85.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	860	570	300	8.1	12.0	5.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,155	615	540	10.9	13.0	9.2
Commute to a different province or territory	170	140	30	1.6	3.0	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	13,520	6,940	6,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	12,005	6,085	5,915	88.8	87.7	89.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,020	5,590	5,425	81.5	80.5	82.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	985	495	490	7.3	7.1	7.4
Public transit	380	215	160	2.8	3.1	2.4
Walked	535	220	315	4.0	3.2	4.8
Bicycle	130	90	45	1.0	1.3	0.7
Other method	470	325	150	3.5	4.7	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	13,520	6,940	6,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,255	3,070	4,180	53.7	44.2	63.5
15 to 29 minutes	3,670	1,965	1,705	27.1	28.3	25.9
30 to 44 minutes	995	620	375	7.4	8.9	5.7
45 to 59 minutes	510	330	180	3.8	4.8	2.7
60 minutes and over	1,090	950	140	8.1	13.7	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	13,520	6,940	6,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	885	675	205	6.5	9.7	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,045	1,170	875	15.1	16.9	13.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,535	1,995	1,545	26.1	28.7	23.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,370	1,330	2,045	24.9	19.2	31.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,820	695	1,130	13.5	10.0	17.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,865	1,085	780	13.8	15.6	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,380	3,330	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	600	310	290	9.4	9.3	9.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,775	3,020	2,755	90.5	90.7	90.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,780	2,480	2,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	485	240	240	10.1	9.7	10.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	305	140	165	6.4	5.6	7.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	180	100	75	3.8	4.0	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,300	2,240	2,055	90.0	90.3	89.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table