Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Prince Rupert, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,300	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,220	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,747	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,072	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	186.4	...	...	186.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	66.00	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,300	6,335	5,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,110	1,090	1,015	17.2	17.2	17.0
0 to 4 years	660	365	295	5.4	5.8	4.9
5 to 9 years	680	345	335	5.5	5.4	5.6
10 to 14 years	770	385	385	6.3	6.1	6.5
15 to 64 years	8,190	4,240	3,955	66.6	66.9	66.3
15 to 19 years	690	365	330	5.6	5.8	5.5
20 to 24 years	770	415	350	6.3	6.6	5.9
25 to 29 years	910	495	410	7.4	7.8	6.9
30 to 34 years	970	515	450	7.9	8.1	7.5
35 to 39 years	750	375	375	6.1	5.9	6.3
40 to 44 years	720	360	360	5.9	5.7	6.0
45 to 49 years	785	375	415	6.4	5.9	7.0
50 to 54 years	840	425	415	6.8	6.7	7.0
55 to 59 years	850	450	400	6.9	7.1	6.7
60 to 64 years	905	470	440	7.4	7.4	7.4
65 years and over	1,995	1,000	1,000	16.2	15.8	16.8
65 to 69 years	700	380	320	5.7	6.0	5.4
70 to 74 years	545	275	275	4.4	4.3	4.6
75 to 79 years	345	165	185	2.8	2.6	3.1
80 to 84 years	215	105	105	1.7	1.7	1.8
85 years and over	195	80	115	1.6	1.3	1.9
85 to 89 years	120	45	70	1.0	0.7	1.2
90 to 94 years	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.2	17.2	17.0	17.2	17.2	17.0
15 to 64 years	66.6	66.9	66.3	66.6	66.9	66.3
65 years and over	16.2	15.8	16.8	16.2	15.8	16.8
85 years and over	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.6	1.3	1.9
Average age of the population	40.4	39.9	40.9	40.4	39.9	40.9
Median age of the population	39.6	38.4	40.4	39.6	38.4	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,875	...	...	56.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	200	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	285	...	...	5.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	635	...	...	12.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	910	...	...	17.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	95	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,585	...	...	31.3	...	...
2 persons	1,660	...	...	32.7	...	...
3 persons	775	...	...	15.3	...	...
4 persons	605	...	...	11.9	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	8.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,170	6,275	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,190	5,240	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,480	2,765	2,715	53.8	52.8	54.8
Married	3,885	1,975	1,910	38.1	37.7	38.6
Living common-law	1,600	795	805	15.7	15.2	16.3
Living common law - Never married	1,295	655	640	12.7	12.5	12.9
Living common law - Separated	75	30	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	190	95	95	1.9	1.8	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	4,710	2,475	2,235	46.2	47.2	45.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,285	1,925	1,365	32.2	36.7	27.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	315	150	165	3.1	2.9	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	550	260	290	5.4	5.0	5.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	555	135	425	5.4	2.6	8.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,355	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,740	...	...	51.9	...	...
3 persons	760	...	...	22.7	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	16.8	...	...
5 or more persons	290	...	...	8.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,355	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,650	...	...	79.0	...	...
Married couples	1,850	...	...	55.1	...	...
With children⁶	950	...	...	28.3	...	...
Without children	900	...	...	26.8	...	...
Common-law couples	795	...	...	23.7	...	...
With children⁶	380	...	...	11.3	...	...
Without children	425	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	705	...	...	21.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	520	...	...	15.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	180	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,170	6,270	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,565	4,815	4,755	78.6	76.8	80.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,300	2,645	2,655	43.5	42.2	45.0
Parents in one-parent families	705	180	520	5.8	2.9	8.8
Children⁶	3,565	1,990	1,575	29.3	31.7	26.7
In a two-parent family	2,445	1,350	1,095	20.1	21.5	18.6
In a one-parent family	1,120	645	480	9.2	10.3	8.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,600	1,455	1,140	21.4	23.2	19.3
Living alone	1,585	875	705	13.0	14.0	12.0
Living with other relatives⁷	410	200	205	3.4	3.2	3.5
Living with non-relatives only	610	375	230	5.0	6.0	3.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,805	...	...	55.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,305	...	...	45.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,145	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	1,160	...	...	22.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	495	...	...	9.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	180	...	...	3.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	205	...	...	4.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	270	...	...	5.3	...	...
One-person households	1,585	...	...	31.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,065	5,185	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,780	5,045	4,735	97.2	97.3	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,000	38,400	45,200	54,000	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,785	5,050	4,735	97.2	97.4	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,000	35,600	41,200	48,000	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,550	4,535	4,010	84.9	87.5	82.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	53,600	32,800	41,600	53,600	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,410	3,990	3,420	73.6	77.0	70.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	58,000	35,200	45,200	58,000	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,735	3,670	4,065	76.9	70.8	83.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,200	11,300	10,400	9,200	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,190	565	625	11.8	10.9	12.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,320	6,000	6,280	6,320	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,365	1,105	1,255	23.5	21.3	25.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,075	5,185	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,770	5,035	4,730	97.0	97.1	96.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,900	70,400	46,720	58,900	70,400	46,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,780	5,045	4,730	97.1	97.3	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,560	57,500	41,120	49,560	57,500	41,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,575	4,535	4,040	85.1	87.5	82.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,600	69,200	42,440	56,600	69,200	42,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,430	3,975	3,455	73.7	76.7	70.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,000	72,200	43,840	59,000	72,200	43,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,655	3,625	4,030	76.0	69.9	82.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	11,290	12,260	11,800	11,290	12,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,060	500	565	10.5	9.6	11.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,280	7,280	7,280	7,280	7,280	7,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,375	1,195	1,185	23.6	23.0	24.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,180	8,140	8,220	8,180	8,140	8,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,075	5,185	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,370	1,965	1,410	33.4	37.9	28.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,000	93,000	57,200	76,000	93,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,600	101,100	66,500	86,600	101,100	66,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,085	1,480	1,610	30.6	28.5	32.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	29,800	22,800	26,200	29,800	22,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,280	47,120	30,200	38,280	47,120	30,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.4	88.4	77.6	84.4	88.4	77.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.2	81.0	68.4	76.2	81.0	68.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.7	11.5	22.4	15.7	11.5	22.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	1.9	1.3	1.0	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3	3.3	5.8	4.3	3.3	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.7	4.4	3.4	2.7	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,065	5,180	4,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	285	140	150	2.8	2.7	3.1
With total income	9,780	5,045	4,735	97.2	97.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	835	375	455	8.5	7.4	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,065	470	590	10.9	9.3	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,345	580	765	13.8	11.5	16.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,120	490	625	11.5	9.7	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	990	460	530	10.1	9.1	11.2
$50,000 to $59,999	820	350	475	8.4	6.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	670	325	340	6.9	6.4	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	495	275	215	5.1	5.5	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	455	240	215	4.7	4.8	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	390	240	145	4.0	4.8	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,610	1,230	380	16.5	24.4	8.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,020	730	290	10.4	14.5	6.1
$150,000 and over	590	500	90	6.0	9.9	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,065	5,180	4,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	275	130	145	2.7	2.5	3.0
With after-tax income	9,790	5,050	4,740	97.3	97.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	860	390	470	8.8	7.7	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,100	490	610	11.2	9.7	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,490	645	840	15.2	12.8	17.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,320	600	720	13.5	11.9	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,135	510	625	11.6	10.1	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	870	395	470	8.9	7.8	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	695	385	310	7.1	7.6	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	605	350	250	6.2	6.9	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	425	285	135	4.3	5.6	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	325	230	100	3.3	4.6	2.1
$100,000 and over	965	770	195	9.9	15.2	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	545	405	135	5.6	8.0	2.8
$125,000 and over	420	360	60	4.3	7.1	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,065	5,180	4,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,655	1,190	1,465	26.4	23.0	30.0
With employment income	7,410	3,990	3,420	73.6	77.0	70.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	835	385	450	11.3	9.6	13.2
$5,000 to $9,999	505	230	270	6.8	5.8	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	730	310	420	9.9	7.8	12.3
$20,000 to $29,999	675	305	375	9.1	7.6	11.0
$30,000 to $39,999	660	300	365	8.9	7.5	10.7
$40,000 to $49,999	545	260	290	7.4	6.5	8.5
$50,000 to $59,999	570	265	305	7.7	6.6	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	460	230	225	6.2	5.8	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	345	195	150	4.7	4.9	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	340	200	140	4.6	5.0	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	340	210	130	4.6	5.3	3.8
$100,000 and over	1,410	1,110	295	19.0	27.8	8.6
$100,000 to $124,999	530	385	150	7.2	9.6	4.4
$125,000 and over	875	725	150	11.8	18.2	4.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,065	5,185	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,510	4,900	4,605	94.5	94.5	94.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	51,200	34,800	41,600	51,200	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,525	4,905	4,620	94.6	94.6	94.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,800	31,800	37,600	44,800	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,455	4,475	3,980	84.0	86.3	81.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	52,000	32,400	40,400	52,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,510	4,035	3,480	74.6	77.8	71.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	54,000	32,800	42,000	54,000	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,455	2,920	3,530	64.1	56.3	72.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,150	8,300	7,750	7,150	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,055	520	535	10.5	10.0	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,950	6,160	6,600	6,950	6,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,075	5,185	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,505	4,885	4,620	94.3	94.2	94.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,700	68,800	43,880	56,700	68,800	43,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,530	4,895	4,635	94.6	94.4	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,880	55,500	37,800	46,880	55,500	37,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,460	4,445	4,015	84.0	85.7	82.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,400	69,500	41,880	56,400	69,500	41,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,545	4,005	3,540	74.9	77.2	72.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,950	70,400	41,680	56,950	70,400	41,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,345	2,905	3,445	63.0	56.0	70.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,700	9,340	10,010	9,700	9,340	10,010
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,010	495	520	10.0	9.5	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,740	7,760	7,720	7,740	7,760	7,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,075	5,185	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,320	1,935	1,385	33.0	37.3	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	86,000	55,600	68,000	86,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,200	96,000	60,600	81,200	96,000	60,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,925	1,390	1,535	29.0	26.8	31.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,200	34,400	25,800	29,200	34,400	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,120	52,850	34,360	43,120	52,850	34,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.6	92.0	83.0	88.6	92.0	83.0
Employment income (%)	79.8	83.8	72.8	79.8	83.8	72.8
Government transfers (%)	11.4	8.1	17.0	11.4	8.1	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.1	2.0	1.5	1.1	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,585	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	51,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	45,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,490	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,400	...	...	95,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,250	...	...	55,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,485	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,600	...	...	134,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,700	...	...	113,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	140	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	335	...	...	6.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	350	...	...	6.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	295	...	...	5.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	4.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,435	...	...	48.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	580	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	485	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	700	...	...	13.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	670	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	200	...	...	3.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	225	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	390	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	385	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	285	...	...	5.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,050	...	...	40.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	680	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	525	...	...	10.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	845	...	...	16.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	630	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,190	1,255	935	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	50,800	41,600	46,800	50,800	41,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	44,800	37,200	41,600	44,800	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,400	...	...	134,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...	113,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	164,600	...	...	164,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,200	...	...	77,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,235	1,315	920	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,450	65,400	51,000	59,450	65,400	51,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,920	53,850	44,300	49,920	53,850	44,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,165	6,275	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,515	1,310	1,205	20.7	20.9	20.4
0 to 5 years	785	430	355	6.5	6.9	6.0
18 to 64 years	7,740	4,000	3,745	63.6	63.7	63.5
65 years and over	1,915	970	950	15.7	15.5	16.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,160	550	600	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	145	165	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	50	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	585	290	290	...	...	...
65 years and over	260	115	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	8.8	10.2	9.5	8.8	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	12.3	11.2	13.5	12.3	11.2	13.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	11.6	12.4	12.0	11.6	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.4	7.9	7.6	7.4	7.9
65 years and over (%)	13.6	11.8	15.4	13.6	11.8	15.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,170	6,270	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,510	1,305	1,205	20.6	20.8	20.4
0 to 5 years	785	430	350	6.5	6.9	5.9
18 to 64 years	7,735	3,995	3,740	63.6	63.7	63.4
65 years and over	1,920	965	950	15.8	15.4	16.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315	175	140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	25	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	225	135	90	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	15	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.2	2.8	2.4	2.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.4	2.4	2.9	3.4	2.4
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,165	6,275	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,250	2,575	2,675	43.2	41.0	45.4
In bottom decile	1,060	525	530	8.7	8.4	9.0
In second decile	1,150	525	625	9.5	8.4	10.6
In third decile	990	500	485	8.1	8.0	8.2
In fourth decile	1,045	535	515	8.6	8.5	8.7
In fifth decile	1,010	490	515	8.3	7.8	8.7
In top half of the distribution	6,920	3,695	3,225	56.9	58.9	54.7
In sixth decile	1,060	545	515	8.7	8.7	8.7
In seventh decile	1,090	575	515	9.0	9.2	8.7
In eighth decile	1,280	680	595	10.5	10.8	10.1
In ninth decile	1,585	840	740	13.0	13.4	12.6
In top decile	1,900	1,055	850	15.6	16.8	14.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,170	...	...	12,170	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.324	...	...	0.324	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.428	...	...	0.428	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.287	...	...	0.287	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,300	6,335	5,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,605	6,020	5,590	94.3	95.0	93.6
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	555	255	295	4.5	4.0	4.9
Neither English nor French	135	55	80	1.1	0.9	1.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,300	6,335	5,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,075	6,230	5,845	98.2	98.3	97.9
French	80	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	130	50	80	1.1	0.8	1.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,300	6,335	5,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,985	6,175	5,810	97.4	97.5	97.3
Official languages	10,465	5,395	5,070	85.1	85.2	84.9
English	10,380	5,350	5,030	84.4	84.5	84.3
French	85	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official languages	1,520	775	745	12.4	12.2	12.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	60	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nisga'a	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Tsimshian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haisla	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,455	750	700	11.8	11.8	11.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	320	155	165	2.6	2.4	2.8
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	315	155	160	2.6	2.4	2.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	155	75	80	1.3	1.2	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	60	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	40	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tamil	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Telugu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	740	390	350	6.0	6.2	5.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	105	55	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
German	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Dutch	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	365	205	160	3.0	3.2	2.7
Indo-Aryan languages	360	205	155	2.9	3.2	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	295	165	125	2.4	2.6	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	105	105	1.7	1.7	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	55	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Chinese languages	90	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	40	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	315	160	155	2.6	2.5	2.6
English and French	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	255	135	120	2.1	2.1	2.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,300	6,335	5,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,650	5,475	5,175	86.6	86.4	86.7
French	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	385	200	190	3.1	3.2	3.2
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	385	195	185	3.1	3.1	3.1
English and French	75	35	45	0.6	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,130	600	530	9.2	9.5	8.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,300	6,335	5,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,110	6,220	5,885	98.5	98.2	98.6
Official languages	11,355	5,830	5,530	92.3	92.0	92.6
English	11,340	5,820	5,525	92.2	91.9	92.5
French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	750	390	360	6.1	6.2	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	740	385	355	6.0	6.1	5.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	250	130	125	2.0	2.1	2.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	250	130	125	2.0	2.1	2.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	40	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	165	155	2.6	2.6	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	135	120	2.1	2.1	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	250	135	115	2.0	2.1	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	220	115	105	1.8	1.8	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	190	115	80	1.5	1.8	1.3
English and French	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	175	110	70	1.4	1.7	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,300	6,335	5,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,225	5,785	5,435	91.3	91.3	91.1
English	300	165	140	2.4	2.6	2.3
French	60	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Non-official language	600	300	295	4.9	4.7	4.9
Indigenous³⁹	110	60	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
Non-Indigenous	490	240	250	4.0	3.8	4.2
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,185	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	12,025	6,210	5,815	98.7	99.0	98.4
English	12,005	6,200	5,805	98.5	98.9	98.2
French	620	325	300	5.1	5.2	5.1
Non-official languages	2,340	1,185	1,150	19.2	18.9	19.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	195	95	90	1.6	1.5	1.5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	155	80	75	1.3	1.3	1.3
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	45	30	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Tsimshian	110	55	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Wakashan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haisla	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,145	1,090	1,055	17.6	17.4	17.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	35	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	35	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	415	195	220	3.4	3.1	3.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Vietnamese	415	195	220	3.4	3.1	3.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	215	110	115	1.8	1.8	1.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	110	115	1.8	1.8	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,255	665	595	10.3	10.6	10.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	270	135	135	2.2	2.2	2.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	60	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
German	100	60	45	0.8	1.0	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	70	65	1.0	1.1	1.1
Afrikaans	80	50	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Dutch	45	15	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	565	325	240	4.6	5.2	4.1
Indo-Aryan languages	565	325	240	4.6	5.2	4.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	225	140	90	1.8	2.2	1.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	485	270	215	4.0	4.3	3.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	360	160	200	3.0	2.6	3.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	170	80	95	1.4	1.3	1.6
Portuguese	105	50	60	0.9	0.8	1.0
Romanian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	30	70	0.8	0.5	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Akan (Twi)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Chinese languages	90	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	40	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,185	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,545	2,335	2,215	37.3	37.2	37.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,415	2,280	2,140	36.2	36.4	36.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,055	2,080	1,975	33.3	33.2	33.4
Métis	350	195	150	2.9	3.1	2.5
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	110	45	65	0.9	0.7	1.1
Non-Indigenous identity	7,635	3,935	3,695	62.7	62.8	62.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,185	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,505	1,750	1,755	28.8	27.9	29.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,675	4,525	4,150	71.2	72.2	70.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,170	...	...	62.3	...	...
Renter	1,920	...	...	37.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	215	...	...	4.2	...	...
Not condominium	4,865	...	...	95.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	600	...	...	11.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,160	...	...	22.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,870	...	...	36.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,430	...	...	28.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,405	...	...	27.6	...	...
5 rooms	820	...	...	16.1	...	...
6 rooms	735	...	...	14.5	...	...
7 rooms	675	...	...	13.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,455	...	...	28.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,955	...	...	97.4	...	...
More than one person per room	130	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,785	...	...	94.1	...	...
Not suitable	295	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,830	...	...	36.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,000	...	...	39.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	720	...	...	14.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	355	...	...	7.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	85	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,370	...	...	85.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	710	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,690	...	...	52.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,055	...	...	40.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	335	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	155	...	...	3.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	865	...	...	17.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	795	...	...	15.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	925	...	...	18.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,050	...	...	20.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	795	...	...	15.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	400	...	...	7.9	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,350	...	...	85.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	730	...	...	14.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	675	...	...	13.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,525	...	...	30.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	585	...	...	11.5	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	4.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	525	...	...	10.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,560	...	...	70.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	365	...	...	7.3	...	...
Not in core need	4,665	...	...	92.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,165	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.7	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,190	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,344	...	...	1,344	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	418,000	...	...	418,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,915	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.3	...	...	24.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,134	...	...	1,134	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,180	6,275	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,925	1,520	1,400	24.0	24.2	23.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,910	1,510	1,400	23.9	24.1	23.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,820	1,460	1,355	23.2	23.3	22.9
Métis single ancestry	85	55	35	0.7	0.9	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,495	775	725	12.3	12.4	12.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,450	750	695	11.9	12.0	11.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,295	660	635	10.6	10.5	10.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	155	95	60	1.3	1.5	1.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,765	3,980	3,785	63.8	63.4	64.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,180	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,390	5,880	5,505	93.5	93.8	93.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,480	1,270	1,210	20.4	20.3	20.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,910	4,615	4,295	73.2	73.6	72.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	795	385	405	6.5	6.1	6.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,180	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,300	5,305	4,995	84.6	84.6	84.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,590	785	810	13.1	12.5	13.7
Before 1980	455	245	210	3.7	3.9	3.6
1980 to 1990	260	150	110	2.1	2.4	1.9
1991 to 2000	220	105	115	1.8	1.7	1.9
2001 to 2010	250	95	160	2.1	1.5	2.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	405	190	215	3.3	3.0	3.6
2011 to 2015	145	90	60	1.2	1.4	1.0
2016 to 2021	260	100	155	2.1	1.6	2.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	295	180	110	2.4	2.9	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,590	785	810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	85	55	35	5.3	7.0	4.3
5 to 14 years	315	170	140	19.8	21.7	17.3
15 to 24 years	450	255	190	28.3	32.5	23.5
25 to 44 years	645	260	380	40.6	33.1	46.9
45 years and over	105	40	65	6.6	5.1	8.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,590	785	810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	65	50	7.2	8.3	6.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	75	45	30	4.7	5.7	3.7
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Europe	465	230	235	29.2	29.3	29.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Germany	20	0	15	1.3	0.0	1.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	100	45	55	6.3	5.7	6.8
Netherlands	25	10	15	1.6	1.3	1.9
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	70	35	40	4.4	4.5	4.9
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	125	65	65	7.9	8.3	8.0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	40	40	4.7	5.1	4.9
Africa	75	35	40	4.7	4.5	4.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	3.5	3.2	3.7
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Asia	900	445	450	56.6	56.7	55.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	1.6	1.9	1.9
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	2.2	1.9	3.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	10	1.6	1.3	1.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	205	100	110	12.9	12.7	13.6
Viet Nam	295	145	155	18.6	18.5	19.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	260	140	120	16.4	17.8	14.8
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	0	20	1.9	0.0	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	0	25	1.9	0.0	3.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	255	100	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	7.8	0.0	9.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.9	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	15	9.8	10.0	9.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	15	9.8	10.0	9.7
Africa	20	10	15	7.8	10.0	9.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	5.9	0.0	6.5
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	180	80	105	70.6	80.0	67.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	45	30	29.4	45.0	19.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	0	25	11.8	0.0	16.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	9.8	15.0	9.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	35	10	20	13.7	10.0	12.9
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	6.5
Australia	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	6.5
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,185	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,960	1,000	960	16.1	15.9	16.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,985	1,030	950	16.3	16.4	16.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,245	4,235	4,000	67.7	67.5	67.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,135	535	600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	435	225	210	38.3	42.1	35.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	205	115	90	18.1	21.5	15.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	225	110	120	19.8	20.6	20.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	520	190	330	45.8	35.5	55.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	180	125	55	15.9	23.4	9.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,135	535	600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	145	60	85	12.8	11.2	14.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	30	25	4.8	5.6	4.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	60	40	8.4	11.2	6.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	820	385	440	72.2	72.0	73.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,185	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,860	960	900	15.3	15.3	15.2
South Asian	660	380	280	5.4	6.1	4.7
Chinese	130	65	60	1.1	1.0	1.0
Black	45	15	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Filipino	285	135	155	2.3	2.2	2.6
Arab	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin American	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Southeast Asian	525	250	275	4.3	4.0	4.7
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,325	5,315	5,010	84.7	84.8	84.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,185	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	915	465	455	7.5	7.4	7.7
English	2,200	1,035	1,165	18.1	16.5	19.7
Irish	1,465	645	820	12.0	10.3	13.9
Scottish	1,990	980	1,010	16.3	15.6	17.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	730	350	380	6.0	5.6	6.4
German	1,300	690	610	10.7	11.0	10.3
Chinese	215	100	120	1.8	1.6	2.0
Italian	655	350	305	5.4	5.6	5.2
Indian (India)	365	210	155	3.0	3.3	2.6
Ukrainian	510	275	240	4.2	4.4	4.1
Dutch	370	195	180	3.0	3.1	3.0
Polish	300	140	160	2.5	2.2	2.7
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	325	180	145	2.7	2.9	2.5
Filipino	310	140	170	2.5	2.2	2.9
French Canadian	135	70	65	1.1	1.1	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	200	125	75	1.6	2.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,715	860	865	14.1	13.7	14.6
Métis	300	170	130	2.5	2.7	2.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	210	120	90	1.7	1.9	1.5
Russian	180	105	75	1.5	1.7	1.3
Norwegian	685	370	320	5.6	5.9	5.4
Welsh	215	110	105	1.8	1.8	1.8
Portuguese	200	95	105	1.6	1.5	1.8
American	145	70	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
Spanish	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Swedish	290	145	145	2.4	2.3	2.5
Hungarian	95	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Acadian	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Jewish	55	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Punjabi	120	70	45	1.0	1.1	0.8
Vietnamese	465	220	245	3.8	3.5	4.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	120	55	70	1.0	0.9	1.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	445	275	170	3.7	4.4	2.9
Sikh	175	80	95	1.4	1.3	1.6
Austrian	130	70	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Belgian	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexican	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Swiss	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Finnish	95	40	50	0.8	0.6	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japanese	130	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	90	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	105	65	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	50	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.7
Syrian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Newfoundlander	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	45	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Australian	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	75	45	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,180	6,270	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	190	105	85	1.6	1.7	1.4
Christian	4,335	1,995	2,340	35.6	31.8	39.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	605	300	305	5.0	4.8	5.2
Anabaptist	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Anglican	710	310	400	5.8	4.9	6.8
Baptist	115	50	65	0.9	0.8	1.1
Catholic	1,645	760	890	13.5	12.1	15.1
Christian Orthodox	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	100	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Latter Day Saints	45	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Lutheran	195	105	95	1.6	1.7	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	20	20	0.4	0.3	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	35	55	0.8	0.6	0.9
Presbyterian	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	585	265	320	4.8	4.2	5.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hindu	165	105	60	1.4	1.7	1.0
Jewish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	95	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Sikh	415	215	200	3.4	3.4	3.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	6,825	3,715	3,110	56.0	59.3	52.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,060	6,200	5,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,560	5,450	5,110	87.6	87.9	87.2
Movers	1,500	750	755	12.4	12.1	12.9
Non-migrants	1,035	520	510	8.6	8.4	8.7
Migrants	470	230	240	3.9	3.7	4.1
Internal migrants	345	175	175	2.9	2.8	3.0
Intraprovincial migrants	250	120	130	2.1	1.9	2.2
Interprovincial migrants	95	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
External migrants	125	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,525	5,875	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,720	3,480	3,235	58.3	59.2	57.3
Movers	4,810	2,390	2,415	41.7	40.7	42.7
Non-migrants	2,720	1,345	1,375	23.6	22.9	24.3
Migrants	2,090	1,045	1,040	18.1	17.8	18.4
Internal migrants	1,660	820	840	14.4	14.0	14.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,245	620	625	10.8	10.6	11.1
Interprovincial migrants	415	200	215	3.6	3.4	3.8
External migrants	425	225	200	3.7	3.8	3.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,075	5,185	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,590	1,365	1,220	25.7	26.3	24.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,490	3,815	3,670	74.3	73.6	75.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,695	3,460	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,315	735	580	19.6	21.2	17.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,380	2,725	2,650	80.4	78.8	81.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,075	5,185	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,270	1,150	1,125	22.5	22.2	23.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,385	1,710	1,675	33.6	33.0	34.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,420	2,330	2,095	43.9	44.9	42.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,815	1,640	1,175	27.9	31.6	24.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,115	940	180	11.1	18.1	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	450	335	115	4.5	6.5	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	665	605	60	6.6	11.7	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,415	575	840	14.0	11.1	17.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	125	155	2.8	2.4	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,610	690	920	16.0	13.3	18.8
Bachelor's degree	1,065	480	590	10.6	9.3	12.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	55	95	1.4	1.1	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	330	120	210	3.3	2.3	4.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,700	3,465	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,135	605	530	16.9	17.5	16.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,145	1,080	1,065	32.0	31.2	32.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,420	1,780	1,640	51.0	51.4	50.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,135	1,230	910	31.9	35.5	28.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	815	690	120	12.2	19.9	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	355	280	80	5.3	8.1	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	455	415	45	6.8	12.0	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,115	445	675	16.6	12.8	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	95	115	3.1	2.7	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,285	550	730	19.2	15.9	22.6
Bachelor's degree	815	360	455	12.2	10.4	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	40	70	1.6	1.2	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	15	0.5	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	295	115	180	4.4	3.3	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,080	5,180	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,655	2,860	2,800	56.1	55.2	57.2
Education	400	90	315	4.0	1.7	6.4
13. Education	400	90	315	4.0	1.7	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	75	70	1.4	1.4	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	50	65	1.1	1.0	1.3
Humanities	270	150	120	2.7	2.9	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	105	75	1.8	2.0	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	30	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	345	100	245	3.4	1.9	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	90	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	10	50	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	130	55	75	1.3	1.1	1.5
Business, management and public administration	760	250	510	7.5	4.8	10.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	80	0.8	0.2	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	670	240	425	6.6	4.6	8.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	85	75	1.6	1.6	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	20	0.7	1.1	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
25. Library science	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,140	1,070	70	11.3	20.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	100	100	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	165	25	1.8	3.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	405	395	10	4.0	7.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	270	260	15	2.7	5.0	0.3
48. Precision production	175	150	20	1.7	2.9	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	25	75	1.0	0.5	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Health and related fields	560	105	460	5.6	2.0	9.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	515	75	435	5.1	1.4	8.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	455	320	140	4.5	6.2	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	195	75	115	1.9	1.4	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	50	10	0.5	1.0	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	195	10	2.1	3.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,695	3,460	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,275	1,680	1,590	48.9	48.6	49.1
Education	330	80	250	4.9	2.3	7.7
13. Education	330	80	250	4.9	2.3	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	70	60	1.9	2.0	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	100	40	50	1.5	1.2	1.5
Humanities	170	95	80	2.5	2.7	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	55	40	1.5	1.6	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	65	205	4.0	1.9	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	75	1.1	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	110	40	75	1.6	1.2	2.3
Business, management and public administration	625	205	425	9.3	5.9	13.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	65	1.1	0.3	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	550	190	360	8.2	5.5	11.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	65	60	1.9	1.9	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	1.0	0.7	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	55	20	1.0	1.6	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	10	0.7	1.0	0.3
25. Library science	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	795	745	50	11.9	21.5	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	75	75	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	115	15	1.9	3.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	295	280	10	4.4	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	170	10	2.7	4.9	0.3
48. Precision production	110	100	10	1.6	2.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	25	70	1.4	0.7	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	20	40	1.0	0.6	1.2
Health and related fields	430	95	335	6.4	2.7	10.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	25	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	390	70	320	5.8	2.0	9.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	285	100	5.8	8.2	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	145	70	75	2.2	2.0	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	45	10	0.7	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	170	15	2.8	4.9	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,695	3,460	3,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,275	1,680	1,590	48.9	48.6	49.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,420	1,780	1,640	51.1	51.4	50.7
Location of study inside Canada	3,020	1,590	1,425	45.1	46.0	44.0
Same as province or territory of residence	2,510	1,335	1,175	37.5	38.6	36.3
Different than province or territory of residence	505	255	250	7.5	7.4	7.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	400	190	215	6.0	5.5	6.6
Americas	75	20	50	1.1	0.6	1.5
United States of America	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	40	20	1.0	1.2	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	215	100	115	3.2	2.9	3.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	70	30	40	1.0	0.9	1.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	125	65	60	1.9	1.9	1.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Australia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,075	5,185	4,890	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,785	3,675	3,110	...	...	...
Employed	6,140	3,325	2,815	...	...	...
Unemployed	645	345	300	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,290	1,505	1,785	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.3	70.9	63.6	67.3	70.9	63.6
Employment rate	60.9	64.1	57.6	60.9	64.1	57.6
Unemployment rate	9.5	9.4	9.6	9.5	9.4	9.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,080	5,180	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,435	1,625	1,805	34.1	31.4	36.9
Worked	6,645	3,555	3,090	65.9	68.6	63.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,425	2,010	1,420	34.0	38.8	29.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,220	1,550	1,670	31.9	29.9	34.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	41.4	39.6	40.6	41.4	39.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,780	3,675	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	90	90	2.7	2.4	2.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,605	3,585	3,020	97.4	97.6	97.1
Employee	5,830	3,110	2,720	86.0	84.6	87.5
Permanent position	4,695	2,535	2,160	69.2	69.0	69.5
Temporary position	1,130	570	565	16.7	15.5	18.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	300	125	165	4.4	3.4	5.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	835	445	395	12.3	12.1	12.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	780	480	300	11.5	13.1	9.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,780	3,675	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	90	90	2.7	2.4	2.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,605	3,585	3,020	97.4	97.6	97.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	70	55	15	1.0	1.5	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	830	175	655	12.2	4.8	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	310	220	90	4.6	6.0	2.9
3 Health occupations	415	70	345	6.1	1.9	11.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	785	270	520	11.6	7.3	16.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	45	115	2.4	1.2	3.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,575	655	915	23.2	17.8	29.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,950	1,700	250	28.8	46.3	8.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	270	220	55	4.0	6.0	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	240	170	65	3.5	4.6	2.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,780	3,675	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	90	90	2.7	2.4	2.9
All industries¹⁹¹	6,605	3,585	3,020	97.4	97.6	97.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	330	285	55	4.9	7.8	1.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	35	15	0.7	1.0	0.5
22 Utilities	45	45	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
23 Construction	395	355	40	5.8	9.7	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	130	90	45	1.9	2.4	1.4
41 Wholesale trade	70	45	25	1.0	1.2	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	795	395	400	11.7	10.7	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,550	1,170	380	22.9	31.8	12.2
51 Information and cultural industries	105	40	60	1.5	1.1	1.9
52 Finance and insurance	165	45	120	2.4	1.2	3.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	25	35	1.0	0.7	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	100	115	3.2	2.7	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	245	130	115	3.6	3.5	3.7
61 Educational services	495	125	375	7.3	3.4	12.1
62 Health care and social assistance	655	75	580	9.7	2.0	18.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	45	90	2.0	1.2	2.9
72 Accommodation and food services	450	205	250	6.6	5.6	8.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	245	125	120	3.6	3.4	3.9
91 Public administration	460	255	210	6.8	6.9	6.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,320	3,950	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,965	3,785	3,185	95.2	95.8	94.7
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	125	65	55	1.7	1.6	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	55	1.7	1.6	1.6
English and French	50	20	25	0.7	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	180	85	95	2.5	2.2	2.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,320	3,950	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,275	3,930	3,350	99.4	99.5	99.6
Official languages	7,120	3,850	3,265	97.3	97.5	97.0
English	7,090	3,840	3,250	96.9	97.2	96.6
French	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Non-official languages	160	75	80	2.2	1.9	2.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	75	80	2.2	1.9	2.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	70	60	1.8	1.8	1.8
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	130	70	60	1.8	1.8	1.8
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	25	15	0.6	0.6	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.6	0.6	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,320	3,950	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,135	3,875	3,265	97.5	98.1	97.0
English	50	15	35	0.7	0.4	1.0
French	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	95	50	45	1.3	1.3	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	75	40	35	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,140	3,330	2,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	495	230	270	8.1	6.9	9.6
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	960	685	270	15.6	20.6	9.6
Usual place of work	4,685	2,415	2,270	76.3	72.5	80.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,680	2,415	2,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,145	2,140	2,005	88.6	88.6	88.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	105	60	45	2.2	2.5	2.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	420	210	210	9.0	8.7	9.3
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,645	3,100	2,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,835	2,720	2,115	85.7	87.7	83.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,250	2,445	1,800	75.3	78.9	70.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	590	275	315	10.5	8.9	12.4
Public transit	95	35	60	1.7	1.1	2.4
Walked	575	255	320	10.2	8.2	12.6
Bicycle	50	30	15	0.9	1.0	0.6
Other method	90	50	35	1.6	1.6	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,645	3,100	2,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,055	2,015	2,040	71.8	65.0	80.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,310	895	415	23.2	28.9	16.3
30 to 44 minutes	190	140	50	3.4	4.5	2.0
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.4
60 minutes and over	65	40	25	1.2	1.3	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,645	3,100	2,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	325	255	70	5.8	8.2	2.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	590	340	255	10.5	11.0	10.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,550	965	585	27.5	31.1	23.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,585	635	945	28.1	20.5	37.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	710	335	370	12.6	10.8	14.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	885	570	315	15.7	18.4	12.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,575	1,340	1,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	75	80	6.2	5.6	6.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,415	1,265	1,150	93.8	94.4	93.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,870	950	920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	60	70	7.0	6.3	7.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	15	2.1	2.1	1.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	35	55	4.8	3.7	6.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,740	890	850	93.0	93.7	92.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 19, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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