Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Carignan, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts	Rates
	Total	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,740	...
Population, 2016¹	9,462	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	24.1	24.1
Total private dwellings²	4,375	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,274	...
Population density per square kilometre	189.1	189.1
Land area in square kilometres	62.07	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,740	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,550	21.7
0 to 4 years	810	6.9
5 to 9 years	895	7.6
10 to 14 years	845	7.2
15 to 64 years	7,835	66.7
15 to 19 years	665	5.7
20 to 24 years	530	4.5
25 to 29 years	650	5.5
30 to 34 years	800	6.8
35 to 39 years	935	8.0
40 to 44 years	955	8.1
45 to 49 years	870	7.4
50 to 54 years	865	7.4
55 to 59 years	835	7.1
60 to 64 years	725	6.2
65 years and over	1,355	11.5
65 to 69 years	485	4.1
70 to 74 years	410	3.5
75 to 79 years	245	2.1
80 to 84 years	135	1.1
85 years and over	75	0.6
85 to 89 years	45	0.4
90 to 94 years	15	0.1
95 to 99 years	5	0.0
100 years and over	0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.7	21.7
15 to 64 years	66.7	66.7
65 years and over	11.5	11.5
85 years and over	0.6	0.6
Average age of the population	37.6	37.6
Median age of the population	38.8	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,275	100.0
Single-detached house	3,435	80.4
Semi-detached house	220	5.1
Row house	0	0.0
Apartment or flat in a duplex	200	4.7
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	335	7.8
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	0.0
Other single-attached house	70	1.6
Movable dwelling⁴	0	0.0
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,275	100.0
1 person	770	18.0
2 persons	1,450	33.9
3 persons	750	17.5
4 persons	900	21.1
5 or more persons	410	9.6
Number of persons in private households	11,735	100.0
Average household size	2.8	2.8
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,190	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,275	68.3
Married	3,155	34.3
Living common-law	3,120	33.9
Living common law - Never married	2,630	28.6
Living common law - Separated	20	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	425	4.6
Living common law - Widowed	50	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	2,920	31.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,250	24.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	90	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	330	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	250	2.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,485	100.0
2 persons	1,520	43.6
3 persons	740	21.2
4 persons	915	26.3
5 or more persons	310	8.9
Average size of census families	3.0	3.0
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,485	100.0
Total couple families	3,110	89.2
Married couples	1,550	44.5
With children⁶	845	24.2
Without children	710	20.4
Common-law couples	1,565	44.9
With children⁶	940	27.0
Without children	625	17.9
Total one-parent families	375	10.8
in which the parent is a woman+	245	7.0
in which the parent is a man+	125	3.6
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,735	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,540	89.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,225	53.0
Parents in one-parent families	375	3.2
Children⁶	3,945	33.6
In a two-parent family	3,340	28.5
In a one-parent family	605	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,195	10.2
Living alone	765	6.5
Living with other relatives⁷	210	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	220	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,275	100.0
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,170	74.2
Couple-family households	2,860	66.9
With children⁶	1,645	38.5
Without children	1,215	28.4
One-parent-family households	310	7.3
Multigenerational households⁸	125	2.9
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	0.4
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	105	2.5
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	90	2.1
One-person households	770	18.0
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,190	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,985	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	53,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,990	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	45,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,570	93.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	46,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,315	79.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	49,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,635	72.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,900	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,085	11.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,655	28.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,190	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,985	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	70,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,985	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,600	53,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,515	92.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,000	65,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,315	79.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,600	63,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,875	74.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,930	10,930
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,140	12.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,795	30.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,190	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,050	44.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,700	85,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,725	29.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	21,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,000	40,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.0	88.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.0	12.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.8	3.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,185	100.0
Without total income	200	2.2
With total income	8,980	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	585	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	785	8.7
$20,000 to $29,999	995	11.1
$30,000 to $39,999	895	10.0
$40,000 to $49,999	960	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	800	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	780	8.7
$70,000 to $79,999	595	6.6
$80,000 to $89,999	545	6.1
$90,000 to $99,999	465	5.2
$100,000 and over	1,585	17.7
$100,000 to $149,999	1,020	11.4
$150,000 and over	570	6.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,185	100.0
Without after-tax income	195	2.1
With after-tax income	8,990	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	645	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	840	9.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,185	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,175	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050	11.7
$60,000 to $69,999	825	9.2
$70,000 to $79,999	655	7.3
$80,000 to $89,999	425	4.7
$90,000 to $99,999	260	2.9
$100,000 and over	745	8.3
$100,000 to $124,999	340	3.8
$125,000 and over	410	4.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,185	100.0
Without employment income	1,875	20.4
With employment income	7,315	79.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	770	10.5
$5,000 to $9,999	515	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	665	9.1
$20,000 to $29,999	605	8.3
$30,000 to $39,999	565	7.7
$40,000 to $49,999	610	8.3
$50,000 to $59,999	545	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	560	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	445	6.1
$80,000 to $89,999	425	5.8
$90,000 to $99,999	375	5.1
$100,000 and over	1,235	16.9
$100,000 to $124,999	550	7.5
$125,000 and over	690	9.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,190	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,795	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	52,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,795	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	44,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,420	91.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,300	79.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,830	63.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,070	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,190	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,825	96.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,100	67,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,830	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	51,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,365	91.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,000	65,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,370	80.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,300	62,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,985	65.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,010	8,010
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,010	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,360	8,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,190	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,040	44.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,800	79,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,595	28.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	27,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,280	46,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.8	91.8
Employment income (%)	77.4	77.4
Government transfers (%)	8.1	8.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,275	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	122,000	122,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,000	100,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	770	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,600	53,600
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	44,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,510	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	137,000	137,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	111,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,270	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	147,000	147,000
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	112,700	112,700
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	765	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	71,400	71,400
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,800	54,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,510	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	163,400	163,400
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,300	125,300
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,275	100.0
Under $5,000	15	0.4
$5,000 to $9,999	5	0.1
$10,000 to $14,999	20	0.5
$15,000 to $19,999	25	0.6
$20,000 to $24,999	70	1.6
$25,000 to $29,999	55	1.3
$30,000 to $34,999	65	1.5
$35,000 to $39,999	95	2.2
$40,000 to $44,999	105	2.5
$45,000 to $49,999	110	2.6
$50,000 to $59,999	185	4.3
$60,000 to $69,999	225	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	210	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	225	5.3
$90,000 to $99,999	235	5.5
$100,000 and over	2,620	61.3
$100,000 to $124,999	550	12.9
$125,000 to $149,999	510	11.9
$150,000 to $199,999	760	17.8
$200,000 and over	795	18.6
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,275	100.0
Under $5,000	20	0.5
$5,000 to $9,999	5	0.1
$10,000 to $14,999	25	0.6
$15,000 to $19,999	25	0.6
$20,000 to $24,999	90	2.1
$25,000 to $29,999	70	1.6
$30,000 to $34,999	100	2.3
$35,000 to $39,999	125	2.9
$40,000 to $44,999	115	2.7
$45,000 to $49,999	125	2.9
$50,000 to $59,999	290	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	275	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	290	6.8
$80,000 to $89,999	280	6.5
$90,000 to $99,999	315	7.4
$100,000 and over	2,125	49.7
$100,000 to $124,999	710	16.6
$125,000 to $149,999	530	12.4
$150,000 and over	885	20.7
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,440	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	137,000	137,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	111,000
Average family size of economic families	3.1	3.1
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,220	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	113,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	91,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,785	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	164,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	132,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	4.0
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	355	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	89,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	75,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	2.7
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	985	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	48,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	41,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,445	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	163,400	163,400
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	125,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,225	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	134,400	134,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,800	102,800
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,765	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	197,200	197,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	150,000
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	365	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	103,600	103,600
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600	81,600
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	970	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,400	67,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,500	52,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,740	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,960	25.2
0 to 5 years	1,010	8.6
18 to 64 years	7,415	63.2
65 years and over	1,360	11.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	515	...
0 to 17 years	110	...
0 to 5 years	30	...
18 to 64 years	275	...
65 years and over	125	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.4	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	3.7
65 years and over (%)	9.4	9.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,735	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,960	25.2
0 to 5 years	1,010	8.6
18 to 64 years	7,420	63.2
65 years and over	1,355	11.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	255	...
0 to 17 years	45	...
0 to 5 years	15	...
18 to 64 years	170	...
65 years and over	40	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.3	2.3
65 years and over (%)	2.9	2.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,740	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	3,820	32.5
In bottom decile	430	3.7
In second decile	580	4.9
In third decile	700	6.0
In fourth decile	950	8.1
In fifth decile	1,155	9.8
In top half of the distribution	7,915	67.4
In sixth decile	1,285	10.9
In seventh decile	1,535	13.1
In eighth decile	1,645	14.0
In ninth decile	1,665	14.2
In top decile	1,780	15.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,735	11,735
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.326	0.326
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.400	0.400
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.272	0.272
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	3.2
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,740	100.0
English only	230	2.0
French only	4,800	40.9
English and French	6,655	56.7
Neither English nor French	50	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,740	100.0
English	895	7.6
French	10,415	88.7
English and French	385	3.3
Neither English nor French	55	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,740	100.0
Single responses	11,390	97.0
Official languages	10,345	88.1
English	590	5.0
French	9,755	83.1
Non-official languages	1,045	8.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,040	8.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	1.3
Berber languages	10	0.1
Kabyle	10	0.1
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	1.2
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	135	1.1
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0.0
Vietnamese	30	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	35	0.3
Haitian Creole	20	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	690	5.9
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	0.6
Baltic languages	5	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	0.6
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0.1
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	10	0.1
Russian	25	0.2
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	5	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	0.3
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	20	0.2
German	20	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	25	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	180	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	30	0.3
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	10	0.1
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	5	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	10	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	150	1.3
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	150	1.3
Dari	140	1.2
Iranian Persian	5	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	3.3
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	40	0.3
Portuguese	55	0.5
Romanian	85	0.7
Spanish	210	1.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	10	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	0.7
Chinese languages	80	0.7
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	55	0.5
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0.0
Lao	5	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	350	3.0
English and French	210	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	30	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	85	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,740	100.0
English	490	4.2
French	9,320	79.4
Non-official language	315	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	315	2.7
English and French	820	7.0
English and non-official language(s)	120	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	350	3.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	320	2.7
Multiple non-official languages	10	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,740	100.0
Single responses	11,365	96.8
Official languages	10,820	92.2
English	785	6.7
French	10,030	85.4
Non-official languages	540	4.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	540	4.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	0.5
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	0.5
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	55	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	25	0.2
Haitian Creole	15	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	375	3.2
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	0.2
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	10	0.1
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	0.1
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	10	0.1
German	10	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	20	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	115	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	0.2
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	5	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	5	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	95	0.8
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	95	0.8
Dari	90	0.8
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	1.8
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	20	0.2
Romanian	55	0.5
Spanish	130	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	0.5
Chinese languages	55	0.5
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	40	0.3
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	380	3.2
English and French	195	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	35	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	100	0.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,740	100.0
None	10,430	88.8
English	525	4.5
French	310	2.6
Non-official language	255	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	250	2.1
English and French	60	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	95	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	55	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,735	100.0
Official languages	11,660	99.4
English	6,870	58.5
French	11,450	97.6
Non-official languages	1,715	14.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,715	14.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	1.5
Berber languages	10	0.1
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	170	1.4
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	170	1.4
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	110	0.9
Haitian Creole	70	0.6
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	25	0.2
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,220	10.4
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	0.8
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	10	0.1
Russian	60	0.5
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	0.5
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	55	0.5
German	55	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	330	2.8
Indo-Aryan languages	100	0.9
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	60	0.5
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	75	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	295	2.5
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	295	2.5
Dari	285	2.4
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	780	6.6
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	135	1.2
Portuguese	55	0.5
Romanian	75	0.6
Spanish	560	4.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	65	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0.1
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	30	0.3
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	0.6
Chinese languages	70	0.6
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	45	0.4
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	10	0.1
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0.1
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,735	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	100	0.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	90	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	0.4
Métis	45	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	11,635	99.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,735	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,720	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,275	100.0
Owner	3,875	90.6
Renter	400	9.4
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	0.0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,275	100.0
Condominium	410	9.6
Not condominium	3,865	90.4
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,275	100.0
No bedrooms	0	0.0
1 bedroom	250	5.8
2 bedrooms	740	17.3
3 bedrooms	1,595	37.3
4 or more bedrooms	1,685	39.4
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,275	100.0
1 to 4 rooms	565	13.2
5 rooms	435	10.2
6 rooms	450	10.5
7 rooms	505	11.8
8 or more rooms	2,325	54.4
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.8	7.8
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,275	100.0
One person or fewer per room	4,245	99.3
More than one person per room	30	0.7
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,275	100.0
Suitable	4,200	98.2
Not suitable	65	1.5
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,275	100.0
1960 or before	420	9.8
1961 to 1980	750	17.5
1981 to 1990	440	10.3
1991 to 2000	295	6.9
2001 to 2005	550	12.9
2006 to 2010	290	6.8
2011 to 2015	580	13.6
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	955	22.3
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,275	100.0
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,080	95.4
Major repairs needed	195	4.6
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,275	100.0
One-maintainer household	1,665	38.9
Two-maintainer household	2,465	57.7
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150	3.5
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,275	100.0
15 to 24 years	25	0.6
25 to 34 years	615	14.4
35 to 44 years	1,015	23.7
45 to 54 years	1,030	24.1
55 to 64 years	855	20.0
65 to 74 years	465	10.9
75 to 84 years	235	5.5
85 years and over	30	0.7
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,255	100.0
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,765	88.5
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	495	11.6
30% to less than 100%	455	10.7
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,275	100.0
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	730	17.1
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	465	10.9
Not suitable only	60	1.4
Major repairs needed only	170	4.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	0.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	0.5
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
Acceptable housing	3,550	83.0
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,220	100.0
In core need	95	2.3
Not in core need	4,130	97.9
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,860	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.3	72.3
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.4	10.4
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	1.3
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,560	1,560
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,624	1,624
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	500,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	587,000	587,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	400	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	0.0
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.8	22.8
% in core housing need⁶³	11.5	11.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	1,080
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	1,080
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,740	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	200	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	200	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	170	1.4
Métis single ancestry	30	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	200	1.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	200	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	200	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,340	96.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,740	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,435	97.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,850	24.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,585	73.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	300	2.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,740	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,475	89.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,190	10.1
Before 1980	110	0.9
1980 to 1990	90	0.8
1991 to 2000	195	1.7
2001 to 2010	400	3.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	395	3.4
2011 to 2015	265	2.3
2016 to 2021	130	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,185	100.0
Under 5 years	145	12.2
5 to 14 years	210	17.7
15 to 24 years	175	14.8
25 to 44 years	560	47.3
45 years and over	95	8.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,185	100.0
Americas	195	16.5
Brazil	10	0.8
Colombia	45	3.8
El Salvador	0	0.0
Guyana	0	0.0
Haiti	30	2.5
Jamaica	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
Peru	15	1.3
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0.0
United States of America	35	3.0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	4.6
Europe	350	29.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Croatia	0	0.0
France	175	14.8
Germany	15	1.3
Greece	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Italy	30	2.5
Netherlands	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Portugal	10	0.8
Romania	65	5.5
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Ukraine	15	1.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	1.7
Other places of birth in Europe	15	1.3
Africa	310	26.2
Algeria	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	55	4.6
Egypt	10	0.8
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	115	9.7
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	125	10.5
Asia	330	27.8
Afghanistan	160	13.5
Iran⁸⁸	10	0.8
Iraq	0	0.0
Lebanon	15	1.3
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	3.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Viet Nam	25	2.1
Bangladesh	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Pakistan	25	2.1
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	2.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	130	100.0
Americas	30	23.1
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
United States of America	10	7.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	65	50.0
France	55	42.3
Germany	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	15	11.5
Algeria	0	0.0
Burundi	0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0.0
Asia	20	15.4
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Jordan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Nepal	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,735	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,325	11.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,135	9.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,280	79.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,080	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	625	57.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	275	25.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	355	32.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	195	18.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	240	22.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	1.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,080	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	6.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	8.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	3.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	3.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	835	77.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,735	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,290	11.0
South Asian	110	0.9
Chinese	90	0.8
Black	385	3.3
Filipino	0	0.0
Arab	240	2.0
Latin American	130	1.1
Southeast Asian	60	0.5
West Asian	260	2.2
Korean	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,445	89.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,735	100.0
Canadian	3,560	30.3
English	305	2.6
Irish	760	6.5
Scottish	265	2.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,105	26.5
German	185	1.6
Chinese	125	1.1
Italian	480	4.1
Indian (India)	85	0.7
Ukrainian	90	0.8
Dutch	20	0.2
Polish	105	0.9
Québécois	1,785	15.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	60	0.5
Filipino	0	0.0
French Canadian	785	6.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	235	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	145	1.2
Métis	25	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	175	1.5
Russian	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Portuguese	115	1.0
American	40	0.3
Spanish	130	1.1
Swedish	35	0.3
Hungarian	50	0.4
Acadian	105	0.9
Pakistani	35	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	0.7
Jewish	0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	110	0.9
Greek	65	0.6
Jamaican	0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Romanian	95	0.8
Lebanese	45	0.4
Iranian	15	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	0.8
Danish	0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	60	0.5
Sikh	0	0.0
Austrian	10	0.1
Belgian	90	0.8
Haitian	110	0.9
Hindu	0	0.0
Mexican	55	0.5
Mennonite	0	0.0
Swiss	30	0.3
Finnish	0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0.0
Muslim	0	0.0
Egyptian	50	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0.1
Tamil	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Colombian	70	0.6
Moroccan	110	0.9
Czech	10	0.1
Syrian	25	0.2
Guyanese	0	0.0
Afghan	240	2.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0.0
Persian	0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0.0
Turkish	20	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0.0
Algerian	0	0.0
Brazilian	10	0.1
Nigerian	0	0.0
Armenian	20	0.2
Slovak	0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0.0
Algonquin	55	0.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
South African	0	0.0
Australian	0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0.0
Chilean	45	0.4
Congolese	75	0.6
Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	0.2
Peruvian	30	0.3
Yoruba	0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0.0
Berber	0	0.0
Albanian	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	0.2
Gujarati	0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0.0
Israeli	25	0.2
Mohawk	15	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Albertan	0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0.0
African American	0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0.0
Tunisian	60	0.5
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0.0
Cuban	25	0.2
Bosnian	0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	0.2
Latvian	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Cameroonian	35	0.3
Guatemalan	10	0.1
Indonesian	0	0.0
Laotian	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Jatt	0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	45	0.4
Coptic	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Dominican	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0.0
Abenaki	15	0.1
Moldovan	0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	0.5
New Zealander	0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0.0
Breton	20	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0.0
Gaspesian	25	0.2
Norman	10	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0.0
Ivorian	35	0.3
Saulteaux	0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0.0
Burundian	25	0.2
Tigrinya	0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0.0
Malayali	0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0.0
Mayan	0	0.0
Honduran	0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0.0
Flemish	0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Goan	0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Azorean	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0.0
Central African	0	0.0
Libyan	0	0.0
Basque	0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0.0
Igorot	0	0.0
Fulani	0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0.0
Guinean	0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0.0
Beninese	10	0.1
Telugu	0	0.0
Roma	0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0.0
Karen	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Tajik	0	0.0
Amhara	0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,735	100.0
Buddhist	45	0.4
Christian	7,115	60.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	570	4.9
Anabaptist	0	0.0
Anglican	50	0.4
Baptist	30	0.3
Catholic	6,165	52.5
Christian Orthodox	105	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	10	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	0.8
Presbyterian	0	0.0
Reformed	0	0.0
United Church	0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	90	0.8
Hindu	0	0.0
Jewish	10	0.1
Muslim	570	4.9
Sikh	0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	3,930	33.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,600	100.0
Non-movers	9,995	86.2
Movers	1,605	13.8
Non-migrants	400	3.4
Migrants	1,210	10.4
Internal migrants	1,180	10.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,160	10.0
Interprovincial migrants	25	0.2
External migrants	30	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,945	100.0
Non-movers	5,950	54.4
Movers	4,995	45.6
Non-migrants	490	4.5
Migrants	4,505	41.2
Internal migrants	4,325	39.5
Intraprovincial migrants	4,235	38.7
Interprovincial migrants	85	0.8
External migrants	180	1.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,190	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,470	16.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,720	84.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,660	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	775	11.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,890	88.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,190	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,215	13.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,930	21.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,045	65.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,645	39.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,500	16.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	960	10.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	540	5.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,810	19.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	335	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,400	26.1
Bachelor's degree	1,570	17.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	0.4
Master's degree	480	5.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,665	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	580	8.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,045	15.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,035	75.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,935	44.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,235	18.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	785	11.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	450	6.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,400	21.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,100	31.5
Bachelor's degree	1,345	20.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	0.6
Master's degree	440	6.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,190	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,145	34.2
Education	380	4.1
13. Education	380	4.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	175	1.9
Humanities	295	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0.0
54. History	35	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	505	5.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	1.1
22. Legal professions and studies	85	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0.0
42. Psychology	80	0.9
45. Social sciences	130	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,520	16.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,465	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	0.2
40. Physical sciences	45	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	2.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	2.4
25. Library science	25	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,535	16.7
04. Architecture and related services	65	0.7
14. Engineering	350	3.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	265	2.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	390	4.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	2.9
48. Precision production	195	2.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0.1
Health and related fields	635	6.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	6.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	205	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	220	2.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	0.9
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,665	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,625	24.4
Education	295	4.4
13. Education	295	4.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	160	2.4
Humanities	175	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0.0
54. History	20	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	405	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	1.3
22. Legal professions and studies	70	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	0.8
45. Social sciences	105	1.6
Business, management and public administration	1,300	19.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,250	18.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	235	3.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	205	3.1
25. Library science	20	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,255	18.8
04. Architecture and related services	40	0.6
14. Engineering	310	4.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	210	3.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	320	4.8
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	3.2
48. Precision production	170	2.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0.0
Health and related fields	550	8.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	520	7.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	455	6.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	185	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	205	3.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	1.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,665	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,625	24.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,040	75.6
Location of study inside Canada	4,635	69.5
Same as province or territory of residence	4,525	67.9
Different than province or territory of residence	110	1.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	405	6.1
Americas	110	1.7
United States of America	25	0.4
Mexico	0	0.0
Cuba	20	0.3
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	25	0.4
Peru	0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0.2
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	180	2.7
Belgium	0	0.0
France	120	1.8
Germany	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Romania	15	0.2
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0.2
Africa	55	0.8
Nigeria	0	0.0
Algeria	0	0.0
Morocco	30	0.5
Tunisia	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0.2
Asia	60	0.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0.3
Oceania	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,190	...
In the labour force	6,960	...
Employed	6,605	...
Unemployed	360	...
Not in the labour force	2,230	...
Participation rate	75.7	75.7
Employment rate	71.9	71.9
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,190	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,155	23.4
Worked	7,035	76.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,175	45.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,860	31.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	43.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,960	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	0.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,910	99.3
Employee	5,795	83.3
Permanent position	5,030	72.3
Temporary position	765	11.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	220	3.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	540	7.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,125	16.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,960	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	0.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,910	99.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	300	4.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,385	19.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	540	7.8
3 Health occupations	500	7.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	895	12.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	245	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,485	21.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,255	18.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	240	3.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,960	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	0.7
All industries¹⁹¹	6,910	99.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	50	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	0.3
22 Utilities	105	1.5
23 Construction	730	10.5
31-33 Manufacturing	675	9.7
41 Wholesale trade	255	3.7
44-45 Retail trade	805	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	335	4.8
51 Information and cultural industries	165	2.4
52 Finance and insurance	440	6.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	2.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	600	8.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	215	3.1
61 Educational services	480	6.9
62 Health care and social assistance	770	11.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	100	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	280	4.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	235	3.4
91 Public administration	465	6.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,335	100.0
English	240	3.3
French	4,765	65.0
Non-official language	15	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0.2
English and French	2,270	30.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,335	100.0
Single responses	6,925	94.4
Official languages	6,905	94.1
English	660	9.0
French	6,250	85.2
Non-official languages	15	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0.0
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0.1
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0.0
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	5.5
English and French	405	5.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,335	100.0
None	5,405	73.7
English	1,475	20.1
French	405	5.5
Non-official language	15	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0.2
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,600	100.0
Worked at home	1,670	25.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	825	12.5
Usual place of work	4,105	62.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,105	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	290	7.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	580	14.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,235	78.8
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,930	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,665	94.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,460	90.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	200	4.1
Public transit	110	2.2
Walked	75	1.5
Bicycle	15	0.3
Other method	65	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,930	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	775	15.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,015	40.9
30 to 44 minutes	1,340	27.2
45 to 59 minutes	485	9.8
60 minutes and over	315	6.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,930	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	575	11.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,030	20.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,315	26.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	875	17.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	390	7.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	740	15.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,000	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	500	16.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,500	83.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,125	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	345	16.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250	11.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,780	83.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table