Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Clare, Municipal district (MD)More information: Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,678
Population, 2016¹	8,018
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 4.2
Total private dwellings²	4,393
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,607
Population density per square kilometre	9.0
Land area in square kilometres	851.14
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,675
0 to 14 years	780
0 to 4 years	225
5 to 9 years	240
10 to 14 years	320
15 to 64 years	4,520
15 to 19 years	310
20 to 24 years	290
25 to 29 years	295
30 to 34 years	310
35 to 39 years	325
40 to 44 years	375
45 to 49 years	415
50 to 54 years	585
55 to 59 years	775
60 to 64 years	830
65 years and over	2,380
65 to 69 years	690
70 to 74 years	640
75 to 79 years	470
80 to 84 years	285
85 years and over	295
85 to 89 years	190
90 to 94 years	75
95 to 99 years	20
100 years and over	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.2
15 to 64 years	58.9
65 years and over	31.0
85 years and over	3.8
Average age of the population	51.0
Median age of the population	56.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,610
Single-detached house	3,390
Semi-detached house	10
Row house	15
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	55
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,605
1 person	1,095
2 persons	1,640
3 persons	500
4 persons	275
5 or more persons	100
Number of persons in private households	7,515
Average household size	2.1
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,895
Married or living common-law	4,190
Married	3,335
Living common-law	860
Living common law - Never married	565
Living common law - Separated	55
Living common law - Divorced	220
Living common law - Widowed	20
Not married and not living common-law	2,705
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,515
Not married and not living common law - Separated	205
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	410
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	580
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,410
2 persons	1,650
3 persons	445
4 persons	235
5 or more persons	80
Average size of census families	2.5
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,415
Total couple families	2,070
Married couples	1,635
With children⁶	510
Without children	1,130
Common-law couples	430
With children⁶	140
Without children	285
Total one-parent families	350
in which the parent is a woman+	255
in which the parent is a man+	90
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,515
Total - Persons in census families	6,020
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,135
Parents in one-parent families	350
Children⁶	1,540
In a two-parent family	1,045
In a one-parent family	500
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,500
Living alone	1,095
Living with other relatives⁷	165
Living with non-relatives only	245
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,605
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,235
Couple-family households	1,950
With children⁶	615
Without children	1,340
One-parent-family households	275
Multigenerational households⁸	50
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	95
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	125
One-person households	1,095
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,625
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,625
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,495
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,200
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,725
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,410
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,655
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,600
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,605
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,420
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,200
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,685
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,355
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,740
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,625
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,735
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,625
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,020
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,820
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	70.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	29.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,735
Without total income	115
With total income	6,620
Under $10,000 (including loss)	445
$10,000 to $19,999	1,105
$20,000 to $29,999	1,425
$30,000 to $39,999	1,030
$40,000 to $49,999	895
$50,000 to $59,999	560
$60,000 to $69,999	345
$70,000 to $79,999	255
$80,000 to $89,999	180
$90,000 to $99,999	105
$100,000 and over	270
$100,000 to $149,999	200
$150,000 and over	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,735
Without after-tax income	110
With after-tax income	6,625
Under $10,000 (including loss)	465
$10,000 to $19,999	1,155
$20,000 to $29,999	1,650
$30,000 to $39,999	1,315
$40,000 to $49,999	885
$50,000 to $59,999	450
$60,000 to $69,999	295
$70,000 to $79,999	165
$80,000 to $89,999	85
$90,000 to $99,999	50
$100,000 and over	110
$100,000 to $124,999	60
$125,000 and over	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,735
Without employment income	2,540
With employment income	4,200
Under $5,000 (including loss)	615
$5,000 to $9,999	400
$10,000 to $19,999	630
$20,000 to $29,999	555
$30,000 to $39,999	540
$40,000 to $49,999	415
$50,000 to $59,999	305
$60,000 to $69,999	175
$70,000 to $79,999	170
$80,000 to $89,999	130
$90,000 to $99,999	75
$100,000 and over	185
$100,000 to $124,999	100
$125,000 and over	85
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,530
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,535
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,520
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,285
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,280
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,345
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,350
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,515
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,525
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,415
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,290
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,245
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,365
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,735
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,620
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,955
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	76.8
Employment income (%)	62.3
Government transfers (%)	23.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,605
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,200
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,095
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,510
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,610
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,300
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,700
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,090
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,500
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,500
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,515
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,500
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,610
Under $5,000	10
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	65
$15,000 to $19,999	60
$20,000 to $24,999	275
$25,000 to $29,999	160
$30,000 to $34,999	200
$35,000 to $39,999	240
$40,000 to $44,999	225
$45,000 to $49,999	170
$50,000 to $59,999	325
$60,000 to $69,999	365
$70,000 to $79,999	245
$80,000 to $89,999	230
$90,000 to $99,999	215
$100,000 and over	810
$100,000 to $124,999	345
$125,000 to $149,999	190
$150,000 to $199,999	170
$200,000 and over	105
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,610
Under $5,000	15
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	65
$15,000 to $19,999	70
$20,000 to $24,999	295
$25,000 to $29,999	180
$30,000 to $34,999	240
$35,000 to $39,999	290
$40,000 to $44,999	240
$45,000 to $49,999	205
$50,000 to $59,999	415
$60,000 to $69,999	345
$70,000 to $79,999	300
$80,000 to $89,999	240
$90,000 to $99,999	190
$100,000 and over	515
$100,000 to $124,999	275
$125,000 to $149,999	115
$150,000 and over	130
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,420
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,000
Average family size of economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,350
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	660
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	330
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,335
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,420
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,900
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,370
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,600
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	675
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	320
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,400
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,330
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,515
0 to 17 years	950
0 to 5 years	265
18 to 64 years	4,315
65 years and over	2,250
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,310
0 to 17 years	165
0 to 5 years	60
18 to 64 years	525
65 years and over	630
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.2
0 to 5 years (%)	22.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1
65 years and over (%)	27.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,515
0 to 17 years	950
0 to 5 years	265
18 to 64 years	4,310
65 years and over	2,250
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160
0 to 17 years	25
0 to 5 years	10
18 to 64 years	120
65 years and over	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8
65 years and over (%)	0.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,515
In bottom half of the distribution	5,120
In bottom decile	995
In second decile	1,270
In third decile	1,115
In fourth decile	950
In fifth decile	785
In top half of the distribution	2,395
In sixth decile	785
In seventh decile	575
In eighth decile	465
In ninth decile	360
In top decile	205
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,515
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.300
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.480
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.258
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,545
English only	2,275
French only	85
English and French	5,165
Neither English nor French	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,545
English	3,190
French	4,250
English and French	95
Neither English nor French	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,545
Single responses	7,120
Official languages	7,010
English	2,880
French	4,125
Non-official languages	110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	5
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	60
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	25
Frisian	0
High German languages	10
German	10
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	5
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	420
English and French	400
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,545
English	3,155
French	3,160
Non-official language	35
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	30
English and French	1,105
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	40
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,545
Single responses	7,305
Official languages	7,245
English	3,570
French	3,680
Non-official languages	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	10
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	20
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	5
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	240
English and French	230
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,540
None	6,575
English	530
French	380
Non-official language	40
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	40
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,515
Official languages	7,500
English	7,415
French	5,240
Non-official languages	215
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	145
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	30
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	40
Frisian	0
High German languages	40
German	40
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95
Catalan	0
Italian	20
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	35
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	15
American Sign Language	10
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,515
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,300
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,275
First Nations (North American Indian)	80
Métis	1,185
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	6,215
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,515
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,490
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,605
Owner	3,140
Renter	475
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,605
Condominium	40
Not condominium	3,565
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,605
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	295
2 bedrooms	855
3 bedrooms	1,490
4 or more bedrooms	970
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,605
1 to 4 rooms	445
5 rooms	580
6 rooms	730
7 rooms	725
8 or more rooms	1,130
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,605
One person or fewer per room	3,605
More than one person per room	0
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,605
Suitable	3,560
Not suitable	45
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,605
1960 or before	1,390
1961 to 1980	1,085
1981 to 1990	520
1991 to 2000	310
2001 to 2005	150
2006 to 2010	90
2011 to 2015	35
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	35
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,605
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,250
Major repairs needed	355
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,605
One-maintainer household	1,945
Two-maintainer household	1,585
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,605
15 to 24 years	70
25 to 34 years	230
35 to 44 years	430
45 to 54 years	540
55 to 64 years	895
65 to 74 years	785
75 to 84 years	490
85 years and over	165
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,605
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,290
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	315
30% to less than 100%	290
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,605
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	665
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	275
Not suitable only	35
Major repairs needed only	305
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,945
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,585
In core need	210
Not in core need	3,375
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,135
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	39.4
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.2
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	508
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	658
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	174,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	205,800
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	470
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.1
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.1
% in core housing need⁶³	13.2
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	650
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	664
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	290
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	285
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	105
Métis single ancestry	185
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	830
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	785
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	225
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	550
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,395
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,515
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,380
Canadian citizens aged under 18	940
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,445
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,515
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,195
Immigrants⁸¹	285
Before 1980	145
1980 to 1990	25
1991 to 2000	30
2001 to 2010	25
2011 to 2021⁸²	65
2011 to 2015	20
2016 to 2021	40
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	285
Under 5 years	30
5 to 14 years	75
15 to 24 years	75
25 to 44 years	70
45 years and over	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	285
Americas	150
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10
United States of America	85
Other places of birth in Americas	35
Europe	90
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	10
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	0
Poland	0
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35
Other places of birth in Europe	15
Africa	20
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20
Asia	20
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40
Americas	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	0
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	20
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,515
First generation¹⁰⁰	360
Second generation¹⁰¹	380
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,780
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	140
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	70
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	70
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	140
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	110
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,515
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	205
South Asian	0
Chinese	0
Black	120
Filipino	0
Arab	0
Latin American	20
Southeast Asian	0
West Asian	0
Korean	35
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,315
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,515
Canadian	985
English	675
Irish	705
Scottish	540
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,960
German	265
Chinese	15
Italian	85
Indian (India)	10
Ukrainian	50
Dutch	80
Polish	0
Québécois	25
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	135
Filipino	0
French Canadian	110
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	325
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	55
Métis	785
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	155
Russian	30
Norwegian	45
Welsh	35
Portuguese	10
American	30
Spanish	0
Swedish	25
Hungarian	0
Acadian	3,405
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	10
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	35
Romanian	0
Lebanese	10
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	125
Sikh	0
Austrian	0
Belgian	0
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	0
Mennonite	0
Swiss	45
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	180
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	55
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	25
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	155
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	20
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	15
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	15
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	10
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,515
Buddhist	0
Christian	5,625
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	365
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	100
Baptist	345
Catholic	4,450
Christian Orthodox	20
Jehovah's Witness	30
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	90
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45
Presbyterian	0
Reformed	0
United Church	65
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	100
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,860
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,465
Non-movers	6,690
Movers	775
Non-migrants	320
Migrants	460
Internal migrants	425
Intraprovincial migrants	110
Interprovincial migrants	310
External migrants	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,310
Non-movers	5,610
Movers	1,705
Non-migrants	650
Migrants	1,055
Internal migrants	975
Intraprovincial migrants	335
Interprovincial migrants	650
External migrants	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,735
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,425
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,305
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,870
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,015
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,850
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,735
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,090
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,200
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	860
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	415
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	440
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195
Bachelor's degree or higher	925
Bachelor's degree	625
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	190
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	855
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,230
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,560
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	540
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	235
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	300
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	670
Bachelor's degree	445
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10
Master's degree	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,735
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,530
Education	395
13. Education	395
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	45
Humanities	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40
22. Legal professions and studies	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	25
45. Social sciences	45
Business, management and public administration	785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	715
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	790
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	265
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265
48. Precision production	130
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	0
Health and related fields	365
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	360
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	340
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	215
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	95
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,640
Education	225
13. Education	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30
Humanities	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25
22. Legal professions and studies	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	20
45. Social sciences	40
Business, management and public administration	580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	550
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	185
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	185
48. Precision production	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	0
Health and related fields	295
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	285
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	215
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	55
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,225
Location of study inside Canada	2,145
Same as province or territory of residence	1,720
Different than province or territory of residence	430
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80
Americas	50
United States of America	30
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	0
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	20
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	15
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,735
In the labour force	3,460
Employed	3,025
Unemployed	435
Not in the labour force	3,275
Participation rate	51.4
Employment rate	44.9
Unemployment rate	12.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,735
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,990
Worked	3,745
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,660
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,085
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,465
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,410
Employee	2,945
Permanent position	2,165
Temporary position	775
Fixed term (1 year or more)	135
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	635
Self-employed¹⁹²	470
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,465
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,410
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	475
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	85
3 Health occupations	260
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40
6 Sales and service occupations	765
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	625
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	335
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	340
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,465
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50
All industries¹⁹¹	3,410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	425
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10
22 Utilities	25
23 Construction	200
31-33 Manufacturing	545
41 Wholesale trade	60
44-45 Retail trade	395
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	90
51 Information and cultural industries	30
52 Finance and insurance	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	105
61 Educational services	340
62 Health care and social assistance	450
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40
72 Accommodation and food services	170
81 Other services (except public administration)	150
91 Public administration	155
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,985
English	1,780
French	895
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	1,300
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,985
Single responses	3,765
Official languages	3,765
English	2,250
French	1,510
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	225
English and French	225
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,985
None	2,895
English	615
French	465
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,025
Worked at home	280
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	610
Usual place of work	2,135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,525
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	370
Commute to a different province or territory	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,745
Car, truck or van	2,565
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,375
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	180
Public transit	20
Walked	80
Bicycle	0
Other method	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,745
Less than 15 minutes	1,305
15 to 29 minutes	865
30 to 44 minutes	330
45 to 59 minutes	170
60 minutes and over	80
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	170
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	330
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	995
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	600
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	230
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	415
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	970
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	690
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	725
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	530
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	455
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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